PAGE STXTEENV FP "a GE + -- THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG. SATURDAY, AUGUST 7 1915. Epic of Modern Heroism From the Hills of Gallipoli Glorious Feafs of - Arms, Amid Unique Difficulties -- Austral ians Wrote Splendid Chapter in History of Empire. Only siowly and when narratives of soldiers' experiences have piled up to corroborate and {llumine the official déspatches have the immense difficul- ties of-the now famous Gallipoll cam- paign beer realized by the British Empire. An epic of modern "herolsm is gradually unfolding, tales of charges | up shell-dotted hills, in the face of witheriig machine gun fre and. mur. derous sniping, followed by slow ad- vances against great natural obstacles and stubborn defenders. In this great struggle, already historic, many races have shared, and notably the men of the Antipodes; | An Australian trooper of the brave little Antipodean . contingent which | long held a bit of coast at Gaba Tepe, | writes as follows: "Under cover of | darkness the Turks drove two saps to within four yards of our lines. The | dawn revealed to us 'the two danger points strongly fortified by sandbags The situation having been reported to brigade headquarters, the instruc- tions came back that the saps "A" and "B" be destroyed. Special men were| selected to form the two storm- ing parties. Thirty men swarmed over the trench top and were greeted with a withering fire. Half a dozen fell back dead or wounded and the rest endeavored to cover the paltry four yards to the sap fieads. Another dozen were knocked over during the scramble over the bodies of the dead which lay on that twelve feet. Une party turned the Turks out of a sap and were then compelled to retire, leaving the demolition work to be done later. The second party bayont- ed the occupants of the point it as- faulted, destroyed the sap and occu- - pled its head. Tried Their Mettle "The terrible carnage among the Turks during their effort to dislodge us put great heart into our ranks. Ever alert we were ready to meet the strain when it came. The sight of seemingly endless masses of the enemy advancing upon them might well have shaken the nerve of the al- ready tried troops. Our machine guns and artillery mowed the attackers down in hundreds, and still the ad- vancing wall swept on. On still! Would the ranks never waste In strength? Not till the mass was at point-blank. range from--the middle trigger fingers did it break and spend itself amongst our barbed wire en- tanglements. Turks were shot in the act of jumping Into our trenches. Corpses lay with their heads and arms hanging over parapets. Our fire gradu. ally dominated the ground in front. Those who turned to fly were mowed down before they could go a dozen yards. "The Germans sent' their supports . and reserves forward in droves. It was sickening to behold the slaughter our fire made amongst the massed battalions. . These unfortunate Turks scrambled along towards us over piles of dead bodies. In an Instant a com. pany would be enveloped in the smoke of a shrapnel salvo. When the alr cleared that company would be stretched or writhing on the ground, with another company approaching and ready to share its predecessors fate. It became a question not of the Success or otherwise of the attack, but how many we could kill." Snipers, Shells and Cliffs Sergt. 8. Marsh, writing home, says of the Turkish sMpers: "My. section was detached from my company and Bent across a nullah after some snip- ers. We got them all right. They were painted green all over, with branches of trees stack in their cloth- ing to make them less conspicuous. However, when we tried to join our company again we found we could not do so because of Turkish fire. Very We made a bold and got to the cliffs oa Naturally me | e and jumped, and missed and fell to the bottom." How the Irish Landed An Irish chaplain, whose went ith 'the Elves Br : i fe iis Sap i g | itl Fak ; 2 il f 5 0 i: H i g R serie iH is £ i : A FRENCH "FIFTY-FIVE" IN ACTION This photograph was taken in a wood near Arras and gives a good idea of the angle at which guns are frequently fired in projectile upon the enemy. A A A A AAAI famous: What an ordeal, too, setting off the old steamer! If you had the misfortune to get hit on the gangway nothing could save you from the watery grave. One by one, the old Dubs and Musters dropped out, but we never turned a hair. Assistance soon came, and another regiment ar- rived, all the lads singing "Here we are again." We pitched the Turks back five miles and then came the moment to avenge the poor lads who had fallen. We waited until they were within 50 yards of our trenches again and then, by,all the saints in the calendar, we poured shot and shell on them, finishing the job with the bayonet. I lost every pal I knew-- not one was left but you should have heard us singing "Bravo, the Dublin Fusiliers," GOTTLIEB VON JAGOW © HAS LITERARY TASTES Was Noted Before the War For His English Tastes--Married Aged Countess-at Kaiser's Behest Gottlieb Von Jagow, the Kaiser's Foreign Minister belongs to one of the oldest houses of the petty nobility of Gérmany, and as such was quali- fied to marry, a few weeks before the outbreak of the war, Countess Luit- 'garde Solms, of the mediatized and formerly sovereign house of that name, which had the effect of placing him on terms of kinsmanship with half the reigning houses of Europe. It is un- derstood that it was not altogether a love match, the bride being somewhat mature, but that it was a matriomonial alliance which was arranged by the Kaiser, in his impulsive way, at the instance of the Empress. William as usual refusing to brook any contra diction in the matter, either on the part of the bride or of the bridegroom. Von Jagow was, at any rate until the beginning of the War, a most con- ciliatory man, noted for his markedly English taste, and for his extensive knowledge of sh literature." At Rome, where he filled the role of Ger man ambassador for some order to drop the FORGOTTEN BATTLE Great British Victory in Persian Gulf Almost Unheard Off Battles which before this war would have been considered of good size have been fought and {practically over- looked in out-of-the-way campaigns, such as the British invasion of thes Persian Gulf district of Persia. A young -British-officer writes the follow- ing adcount of an engagement near Shaiba, in which the Turks had 28,000 men engaged: "We have had our big battle here, and are nicely recovering. All are 'full of beans' and ready for further efforts. The Turkish defeat was a magnifi- cent affair and a far more crushing one than the accounts in the papers indicate. For two days some 28,000 Turks attacked the portion of our army situated in the defensive posi- tion. In regular German fashion, they pretty well completely enveloped our flanks, digging trenches nearer and | hearer our works each night. In case we attacked, they also had 2 permanent line of works in advance of which all their night approach trenches were. Well, our felows, un- der General O----, endured a hot ar- tillery and rifle fire for about twp days and two nights at comparatively close range. During this time there were many many exciting minor incidents, such as cavalry charges, ete. Our 'main effort took the place on the third day; it was, so to say, a case of 'Up Guards and at 'em." Dur- ing the hottest portion of the day our whole force formed line and went for the Turks. We drove them headlong from their advance trenches until we came to 'heir main position. This, after a most severe Aight, in which the Turks showed themselves mag- nificent opponents, we carried at the point of the bayonet. During the last attack of ours the Turkish maxims were served superbly. They did all the damage to us. We captured most of them, killing the 'working parties. We became masters of the formidable enemy's line by evening time. The enemy were routed--there is no other word for it. In the rear of his lines were his camps. These were all abandoned. By the morning the remnants of their force were twenty miles away, by the next day forty miles. Into our hands fell nearly 1,000 ' | prisoners, maxims, guns, hundreds of tinguished in appearance, in manner, and utterance, indicating thereby, even to the most obtuse, the blueness of his blood and the antiquity of his descent. For the Von Jagows have been nobles since the eleventh century, constitute a very numerous and power ful clan of the Brandenburg patriciate, and received at the time of sade, the rifles, tents, medical seores and am- munition. =8 ol i thy -j orders "her to be taken of The Cologne Gazette gives the fol- lowing description of a Zeppelin iaid cn England: "Lieutenant-Commander X., in command of L----, enters the airship shed. The crew of two deck officers and twelve non-commissioned officers is already at work. One of the officers satisfies himself that the supply of petrol is complete, while the other superintends the carriage of bombs and incendiary missiles into the gondolas. At starting the water ballast fs discharged. The vessel gradually rises above her props and floats in the air. "The captain paces her whole length, scanning her with careful eye. Then he climbs into the front gondola and out. The lieutenant repeats the order, "Airship forward," and the men with the moor- ing ropes tow her into the open. She is now held only by the gondolas, into which the Heutenant now climbs. The last ropes are dropped, and almost simultaneously the engine-room tele- graph signals "Motors full speed ahead". With a noise like thunder the propellers spring into life, the vessel shoots forward, and up. The forward gondola resembles the bridge of a warship, and. the skipper bends over his maps. The vessel ad- vances in a straight line to the north- west. A number of fishing vessels can be seen at sea, all flying the *Dutch flag. By 8 p.m. the skipper"s mission German Writer's Story Air Raid on is at an end. He had received orders England at to be back at the hangar before dusk, but the weather being so favorable he telegraphically asks permission to act on his own initiative and profit by the favorable Opportunity. - "Agreed," is the reply. Continuing his flight to the north- west he determines to deliver a blow against the English coast. -It yet twilight when he approaches RE and ascends to a height of 5,500 fe in order to kdep out of sight of 'the watchfdl eyes on board England's guardships. Through a rift in the clouds a destroyer can be seen making the round of guardships. There is nothing yet to be seen of the land, but a blackish mistiness on the distant horizon is recognized by the trained eye as smoke from the chimneys of an industrial distriet, . "He remains above the clouds until it is dark, then, pushing on to the coast, he detects in the dying daylight the two moles marking the meuth of the river which he is seeking. Almost simultaneously come flashes of artil- lery fire from a fortress below. The airship's gunner is lying on his face { by the sightlag apparatus and fires. The windows of workshops suddenly become dark. The men in the gon- dolas are under. the impression that they see policemen hurrying through the streets with cries of warning, be- cause house after house is suddenly swallowed in darkness, until the town and suburbs are in complete obscurity. Many Civilians Serving in Continental Armies Thousands Employed as Doctors; Nurses, Motorists and Mechan: ics--Most of Them Are French. That the British Expeditionary Force has - attached to it almost enpugh civilians to male quite a re- 8péctable army in itself may surprise people who remember the attitude of the War Office towards newspaper correspondents and other non-combat: ants.. It is a fact, however, that the services of a large number of civilians are utilized in various capacities at the front. The object in employing them is to avoid diminishing the fight, ing capacity of the troops engaged, the theory adopted being that a sol- dier should only be employed as a sol- dier, and that all other necessary work should be left to civilians. This civillan force, however, consists mostly of French, although there are a certain number of British civilians doing duty with the British army. The majolity of these are members of the Royal Autombile Club, who are driving the cars which they have generously | Placed at the disposal of the staff. OUR ARMIES IN 1809 Tremendous Sacrifices orien and Treasure Defied Napoleon A little more than a century ago Britain, with a pophlation of about a third its present size, was maintain ing an immense army, scattered over the world. In 9 the local militia alone numbered 200,000, and these. Were kept in training until the peace of 1815. More than half a million men were garrifoned in the United Kingdom, 22,000 regulars Other British civilians accompanying the forces are the doctors, surgeons, and nurbes who are assisting military medical officers in the base hospitals. There are a considerable number of other posts for which civilians are eligible. Among them may be men- tioned the handling and despatching of stores, the loading and unloading of trains, the driving of wagons, and the repair of roads, ete. The other capacities in which civilians are employed with the army at the front include those of traders, cutlers, artificers, mechanics, guides, chauf- feurs, interpreters, and so.on ; while & proportion also find work in the postal, telegraph, remount, and sani tary departments, and so forth. The sanitary service of an army in the field is a very important one, and upon it in a great measure de- pend the health and comfort of the troops engaged. The personnel of such a department employs a consider able number of civilians. These are divided into separate squads, each un- der the control of a med officer, and their work deals with the pro vision of fresh water and the destruc tion of refuse. NIN FIGHTING NEAR TROY Strdnge Contrasts Seen Where Allies Stormed Old Gallipoli From where Helen saw and watched the brassclad Greeks land from their beaked ships we gaze across the Hel lespont to the newest picture of war. War is a story little changed in 3,000 years. Below, across old Skamander's fel Hl & i {TOMMY IS AT HOME IN WAR EVERYWHERE | WHY IRISHMEN FIGHT 3 A fine expression of loyalty and at the same time a sane and pithy bit of reasoning as to the motives impelling Irishmen to take up arms for the em- pire is contained in: a letter from Maurice Healy, nephew of the noted Tim Healy, the Nationalist agitator and flery parliamentarian of the old days, to a'friend in New York. Healy, fighting as revond tieutenant in the Royal Dublin Fusiliers, wrote: "We are all in this battle--Unionists and Nationalist, this war, there will be no Ireland left to fight for. And yet I do not think we are in it for that reason. 1am not. I am in it, and I think all Irishmen are in it, because we think it cowardly and. criminal to stand by when an attempt 1s made to subvert all prin- ciples of liberty and honor, merely be- cause our ancient enemy happens to be fighting on the right "side." "When our fellow-countrymen now in America left Ireland things were very different from what they are now. They have utterly failed to grasp what has happened in the last fifteen years. It seems to be of no import to them that every Irish leader to-day advises the Irish people that they must throw their lot in loyally with England it they wish to continue to exist at all, otherwise they are a set of slaves, Why do they think the Germans will treat them any better than they Jave treated the Belgians?" "So I am trying to do my little part, a faltering soldier," a peaceful blood spiller; hating th whole thing, liter- ally, not in the slang sense, like hell; fearing death and pain and discomfort, and trusting that God will deal with me as He 'thinks best, and will deal with my country as a gentle 'and lov- ing Father. I am not fighting for the British Empire or for world power or for territorial expansion; but I hope that any sufferings allotted to me and the thousands Hke me will purchase for Ireland a term of peace and pros: perity in which she will bind up her wounds and once again be happy." + REIT The Kaiser's Snub In the "Nouvelle Revue" Paul Louis Hervier tells the following story of the Kaiser: After his last visit to Paris King Alfonso of Spain went to Berlin, where 8 great military review was held. The King of Spain attended wearing the uniforin of a Prussian colonel, On his dolman was an almest -avisible spot of coffee. The young King saluted the Kaiser and said: "Sire, the King of Spain, who is also a Prussian colonel, awaits the orders of your majesty." "If the colonel of my regiment," the Kaiser responded iclly, "were not King of Spain I should not hesitate to inform him that on his uniform 1 See a very conspicuous spot of French coffee." Without a moment's hesitation King Alfonso replied: "That proves, Sire, that the King of Spain has made a mistake of laying aside his uniform of a Spanish general and that he shall lose no time in putting it on again." Whereupon he saluted stiffly, and walked away. Life-saving Rifle 3 by a well known English sportsman and big game hunter. The feature of this vention Ng that the rifle is held vertically while the projectile is fired horizontally. This is accom ed iv | iii R §§ FER a2k jee ils of 0 il i £, : i is fils Ed : tsi handkerchief i pis! i 5 < 5 If England is, héaten in- Jungles and Birbed Wire Cannof Daunt Him -- Narratives of Strange Fighting Grounds in Many Climes--A . Charge - of Rhinos, % w., vr 8 With all eyes fixed on thewmain campaign against the Germans in wes- tern Europe it is hard for Britishers to remember that many minof cam- paigns of extraordinary difficulty are being fought in many - parts of the world. Besides facing machine guns, poison shells and liquid fire British pluck is constantly finding new Strange foes, dangers and difficulties to overcome, as many letters show more clearly than offiela] despatches concerning out-of-the-way exploits, In the dense tropical jungles of wes- tern Africa fighting between Germans and British with blacks enlisted on both sides goes on night and day. Little is heard of fit because of the greater campaigns on the continent. Lieutenant E, R Jerrim, of the Third Nigeria Regiment, on active service in the German Cameroons, describes his experiehce thus wm a letter home: "l was in Lagos when a corps of white volunteers were being formed. I joined and is due course began to impart instruction in machine gunnery to a dense, yet interested section of Hausas. My old volunteer training and a knowledge of the Hausa ton- Bue made me a lieutenant of the West African Frontier Force, We are get. ting quite accustomed to this ghostly bush fighting, popping off at one an- other at about thirty yards' range, and only occasionally seeing one an. other. Every four days each of us takes thirty men out on patrol, and 80 far I have had better luck: than anyone, in finding supplies of Germans and smiting them mildly, There is ho sport like patrolling here, where you never know whether you are hun. ter or hunted until the show opens." No Guerilla Work Here > Contrast this with the experience of a Londoner writing home from Flanders: "The 23rd London Regt ment, after faithfully and steadily do- ing trench \tuty for about two months, were ordered 'to charge, They did so coolly and effectively. They succeed- ed in taking three Mnes of trenches by brilliant dash, but they were shelled out of two lines by terrible enfilade shelling, which caused more casualties than the charge, many men being blown to pieces. They hung on till they were relieved under terrible machine gun and artillery fire; In one instance forty-seven men held a trench against overwhelming odds; the Germans threw petrol bombs, and Some were blinded and roamed about without sight between the lines. The whole was a terrible and unnerving sight to civilian soldiers, but the boys did fine." The British troops in: Bast Africa have to fight othe Germans, Private home a description of a charge by rhinoce in bush so thick that the men could only advance single file and thought it rhino rush past the man. dark and it was as much as do to see the second man sent the gun carriers flying, the in one direction and tripod in All the rest of the carriers d their loads. It was a nice ammunition boxes were where. We were just selves and we heard a te is He