RAISE THINGS It was no trouble for our #* forefathers in this country to % raise things. They had a new % and opulent soil on which to # raise them. The crudest pre- # paration of that soil, the most % careless treatment of the plants, % could not prevent a harvest. % Things are different now. The # old methods were all right then, + but to-day they mean poverty %, --still poorer soil and impoger- # ished tillers of it. But there # Are WHYS by WHICH the Soils Te duced by generations ahead of us can be restored to useful- ness. And there are ways by which the land pays for it. Be- fore we give up any land that was once fertile let us look into these things to see whether it cannot be made productive again and at the same time raise things to pay the cost.-- National Stockman and Farm- er CEFF EPROPS PPE A PEEP I ETSI b bree PEE EP SEPT e Shh Phd bb bbb dr bbb Ebb bite S0il Improvement. In an experiment where no farm manure was used the average yearly return from the land itself-Was § per acre, while $7 was tha r from a ton of limestone and § from 500 pounds of phosphate. In order to reduce the labor in- volved the limestone and phosphate are actually applied in larger amounts at less frequent intervals, but thu§ far the rates of application have been one ton of limestone and 500 pounds of phosphate per acre for each year, although, after the soil is sufficiently enriched, one-half or .one- third these amounts will provide for maintenance. The principles of permanent im- provement for mot soil types are al- ready well established. They in- clude the use of ground limestone for Correcting soil activity and for en richment in calcium; the utilization of atmospheric nitrogen by proper use of legume crops, the application of phosphorus to most soils and the liberation of potash from the inex- haustible supply already contained in all normal soils. On some soils dolomitic limestone should be used in order to provide both magnesium and caleipm, and on certain abnor- mal soils] such as swamp muck and residual sand, potasium must also be applied. The location and character of the various soil types are established by the surveys and analyses, and the soil experiment fields help to detér- mine the best order of application of the materials needed.--Dr. C. G. Hopkins, Illinois Station. » Measuring Hay In the Stack. To measure hay in the stack find the distance over the stack, its width, and its length. Subtract the width from the over and divide the result by two. This will give the aver- age height of the stack. Multiply this average height by the-width of the stack and this product again by the iength of the stack, and the final pro- duct will give the number of cubic feet of hay in the usual sized stack. In prder to get the number of tons when the hay is stack with a rounding top, divide the number of cubic feet by 422 if the hay has been stacked for 30 days or less; if stack- ed for 60 days or more, divide by 490 If the hay Is stacked with sloping sides from base to peak, divide the number of cubic feet by 512, which will give the number of tons in the ttack. T | The Latest Market Reports | bh fh hh dh tht hhh 4 v WORK AND NO PLAY ALL ON FARMS OF OLD SCHOOL. Rural Resident Crippled Himself Be. cause He Couldn't See Effect -- of Constant Teil. Wallace's 'Farmer Everybody was working on the old farm---~father riding the cultivator up and down, up and down the north field; big brother plowing in the west field; small brother hoeing in the garden and mother and sister ironing and baking in the kitchen. Horses apd men alike came up hot and sweaty at noon; dinner was stew- ing onthe steve: v "Put on the tablecloth quick, daughter; if your father sees the table isn't laid he'll think dinner is late, and he can't bear to lose a min- ute from the field," mother called to sister. "Will you take me to the church social at the corners to-night, Ben?" sister asked at dinner. "The horses are too tired out," father said forbiddingly "1 had a letter from Myra this morning, father," moter ventured. "She wants to visit us next week." "You can't tell your own sister you don't want her in harvest time, but if any one else wants to come you just tell them farmers are too busy to have company in summer." "Nell Jones has invited me to pend a couple of weeks with her at Chautauqua. Mother says she willing if you are." Sister looked anxiously at father, who shoved his chair back from the table in disgust. "It's ' go--go--go--all the time, and the:busier we are the more you all seem possessed to go. No one can pay rent, let alone making anything with his family always on the gad. We are all going to stay right here and work till the work is done." } Because he didn't see the paraly- zing effect of constant work without recreation the farmer was crippling Himself and family, killing, K their pleasure in work, destroying the self- respect which comes from ability to hold one's own with his fellows. to go is The Cost of a Dairy Cow. There are over 21,000,000 dairy cows in the United States and these cows must be replaced every few years. The cost of preducing heif- ers that will keep up the supply is, therfore, 4 matter of great import- ance to dairymen. Recent investiga- tions by the Department of Agricul- ture indicate that in good dairy seec- tions it is profitable to raise only the best heifers and that, except on cheap land or under very valuable condi- tions, the raising of scrubs does not pay. On the cther hand, the dairy farmer who raises well-bred stock finds a home market for the seeds grown on his farm, maintains the fertility of his land, and can wulti- mately dispose of his heifers at a profit. The Department's specialists found that in Wisconsin and in other dairy districts in the North and East where land and feel values are much the same, at the end of a year it has cost on an average $39.53 to raise a dairy calf and at the end of two years, $61.41, Of this amount near- ly two-thirds was for food the mar- ket value of {which was charged against the heifer. Labor formed about twelve per cent. of the total, and the remainder was charged against interest, equipment and the use of buildings, the share of ths general expense for the entire farm business, and losses by death, ete. These items are usually overlooked) in estimating costs, but they must be met in some way. This estimated cost, of course, may be greatly reduced in sections LIVE STOCK PRICES. Toronto Cattle. Toronto, 8.--The few cattle offered at the Union Stock Yards to- day sold readily at steady values. 'Lambs, strong and active. Sheep firm. All supplies were cleaned up early. Hogs, steady. Receipts: 324 cattle, 41 calves, 1,787 hogs, 676 sheep. 4 Export cattle, choice, $7.75 to $8; butcher cattle, choice, $7.25 to $7.50, medium, $6.26 to $6.76, common $6.50 to $8¢ butcher cows, e¢hairn $6 to $6.26, medium $5.25 to $6 Cannes. $3.25 to $3.75, bulls $1 25 to $6.55; feeding steers, $6 to $6.75; stockers, choice $6.25 to $6.75, light $5 to $5.75; milkers, choice, each, $65 to $95; springers, $65 to $95; sheep, ewes, $5.25 to $6; bucks and culls, $4 to $4.75; lambs, $8 to $8.50; hogs, oft cars, $10.35 to Hea0; hogs, f.o.b,, $9.80; calves, $4 . to-811, a Buffalo Cattle. East Buffalo, Oct .8.--Cattle: re celpts, 950 head; steady Veals: receipts, 100 head: slow \ and steady; $4 to $12.50. - Hogs: receipts, 2,600 head; fairly active, $8.70 to $8.80; mixed, $8.60 to $8.70; yorkers, $7.76 to $8.60; pigs, $7.25 to $7.50; roughs, $7.25 to $7.60; sheep and lamps: receipts, 2, 400 head; sheep, agfive and steady; lambs, slow; lambs, $5 to $9; others, 'unchanged. Chicago Live Stock. Chicago, Oct. 8.--Cattle: Receipts, 5,000. Market firm. Native beef cattle, $6.25 to $10.50; Western . Steers, $6.70 to $8.90; cows anid heif- Sr; +93.20 to $8.55; calves, $8 to us Hogy: Receipts, 6,000. Market "5 slow. Light, $7.70 to $8.45; mixed, i; $8.40; rough, $7.25 to $7.45; pigs, $5.25 to $7.70; bulk of sales, $7.80 «to $8.40. * Sheep: Receipts, 3,000. Mar % lethers, $5.60 to to $9.10. GRAIN QUOTATIONS Toronto. Toronto, Oct, 8.--~Wheat markets reacted a little from the sharp ad- vance of yesterday, but the situation remains strong, and after a good deciine, prices were on the rise again towards the close, but closing below yesterday. Cash prices at bay ports were lowered 2°1-2 to 3c. Ontario wheat guoted firmed. Rye firmer, and buekwheat nominal at 75e. Manitoba wheat--No. 1 northern, mew crop, $1.04 1-2, lake ports; No. 2 northern. $1.03 1-2, immediate shipment. - ba Manitoba oats--No. '2 C. W.. 47 1-2¢. a vir American corn--No. 2 yellow, 70 1-2¢, track, lake ports . Canadian corn--No. 2 yellow, T0¢, Toronto. Ontario oats--No. 2 white, new 'crop, 87¢ to 38c; No. 3, white, 35¢ to 3Te\ Ontarid wheat--No. 2 winter, new, 90c to 92c; sprouted or smutty, ac- cording to sample, 70¢ to 80¢; wheat slight.y tough, 80¢ to 85¢. . No. 2, extremely scarce .. Barley--Good malting, 52¢ to bdc; feed barley, 40¢ to 45e. : Buck! t--75¢ nominal. : Rye--Nominal, 87¢; tough rye, Sc toe. Manitoba--Flour patents,"'in jute $5.75; second patents, do. $5.25; strang bakers, do., $5.05, To- ronto. A Ontario flour--Winter, 90 per cent, patents, $3.80, seaboard, or Totanta freights, in bags, prompt dlings, per ton, § ver bag, $1.50. Winnipeg, Oct. 8.--Closing' cash 95 1-2 No. 2 do. 93 $4 ket 1 $6.55; | do. RITISH WHIG, SA IMPORTANCE OF GRAIN SCREENINGS of the total weight of a car of west- ern-grown flax. A sample repre- senting over 25,000 bushels of wheat contained only 92.6 per cent. by weight of pure wheat, the remainder being largely made up of weed seeds. Such are the statements embodied in a pamphlet issued by the Seed Branch of the Department of Agri- culture' at Ottawa, and .that can be had gratuitously by addressing the Publications Branch of yy he partment. The importapee of pro- per screening to the grain grower, thresherman, miller and feed manu- facturer is minutely detailed and a summary given, in which it is set forth: That the material removed from grain at terminal elevators consists of shrunken and broken kernels of wheat, oats, barley and flax, besides varying proportions of a very large number of weed seeds. cleaned and used in various forms in feeding live stoek. That on account of the extremely small size of some, and the hard, flinty weed-coats of others, the com- plete pulverization of all of the weed seeds in screenings cannot be accom. plished by an ordinary chopper. That screenings recleaned over a one-fourteenth inch- perforated zine (black seeds), may be satisfactorily ground by ordinary-"choppers, if rea- sonable care is taken in the separa- tion and grinding. 4 That feeding stuffs manufactured from screenings, not properly re- cleaned, sometimes contain thou- sands of vital noxious weed seeds per pound. Such material should never be fed, as it is liable to introduce weeds thatMgntail the loss of thou- sands of doll2rs, That up to the present, most of the screenings from our terminal eleva- tors have been exported to the Unit- tA Pt AA tim where feed is Very cheap or where pastures are available for the great- er part of the year. In good dairy sections, however, well-bred heifers two years old are worth considerably more than $60 and, furthermore, it is difficult for dalrymen to buy pro- ductive cows at a reasonable price. They are, therefore, more or less compelled to raise their own stock, In view, of the expense of raising Leifers at all, it is desirable that they should confine themselves to good stock. Villain Of the Chicken Yard. Most destructive of chicken life and yet the most easily captured is the weasel. It will work in dark ness or light, and has no idea of ®e onomy in regard to its- prey, but seems to stay for the sake of the work itself. One would say, if it were warm blood or flesh that it de sires, it would take more time for its eating and less for slaying. A weas- el has been known to hunt and kill 30 chickens running in the grass, all within an hour or two. Within a ra- dius of 40 rods my neighbor and my- self have lost more than 100 chick- ens, by weasels. The balm for healing the wound was the capture of four of them, and the work of destruction has ceased Destroying four weasel lives could n no way restore the chickens, but it restored considerable peace of mind during the day and rest at night. As I said before, the weasel is easily captured. If one be on hand when it has begun to kill chick- ens, just take one warm chicken, if still able to peep the better, suspend it a few inches from the ground and set a steel trap directly beneath. In reaching for the chicken it will be quite apt to release the trap spring, and thus bring its liberty to an end. We caught two in this way one was trapped in a woodchuck burrow, and one was pinned to the ground with a piece of board while reaching for a chicken recently killed. If blood thirsty, a weasel is very bold, but when filled with blood or meat it spends a day or two dozing usually in a woodchuck burrow: In either case, it is easily captured. It will pay to be a little thorough in hunting down these animals, for, there is no. lack of thoroughness on their part to damage the chicken flock --G. M. Drake, Maritime | Far- mer. . No. 3 C.W.,"38¢; extra No. 1 feed, 37¢: No. 1 feed, 36¢c; No. 2 do. 35 1-2¢. - Barley~No. 3, 59 1-2¢; No. 4, 54 1-2; fed, 45¢. Flax--Neo. 1, N. W.C,, $1.61 3-8¢; No. 2 C.W., $1.58, oe Montreal, Oct. 8.-- Business in being little demand from foreign buyers at the higher range of prices asked. There was some demand on spot for No. 1 Northern Manitoba spri wheat, and a sale of 40,000 bushels was made at $1.09%, cif. Montreal, and 20,000 bushels sample oats at 45¢, cif. for shipment with- in fifteen days. 'The, spot market for oats is firm at the recent advance | in prices, with a steady demand for carlots. There was a good inquiry from foreign buyers for spring wheat flour: at the old prices, which we: 2s 6d to 3s per sack below what mi ers were asking. Chicago, Oct. 7.--Wheat--No. 2 red nominal; No. 37red, $1.10 to $1.12%; No. 2 hard, $1.12; No. 3 hard, $1.10 to $1.11. - Corn---No. 2 yellow, 64¢ to 64%ec. No. 4 white, 62%¢c to 63c. : Oats--No. 'white, 34%c- to 38% ¢; standard, 38 %e¢ to 39¢. Rye--No. 2, 96 %e. Barley--52¢ to 62¢. Timothy--$5 to $7.50! Clover--$12 to $19. Pork--$14.42. * Lard--3$9.15. : Ribs---$9.20 to $9.80. ! Kdverpool. Liverpool, Oct. 7.---Spot wheat closed strong, 1d to 3d higher; corn, %d lower to 1d higher. .Wheat--No. 1 Northern Manitoba, 3 2d; No. 2 Northern Manitoba, yy 13d; No. 3 Northern Manitoba, Corn--Spot, 8s 7%4d. Oats--3s 9d. GENERAL TRADE. New Yi k, Oct. §.--Cheese steady, receipe 3.48 state, whole = milk. ah. Sats specials, 15¢; do., 8 to 15 1-4; do a; colored, - White, : , average, fancy, 14 1-2¢, grain over the cable was quiet, there |- That feeding experiments have proven that tha black seeds are use- less as feed and expensive as adulter- ants, Their admixture in any con- THM HOHE MM RECREATION ON THE FARM Too littlg thought is given to the idea jof recreation on the farm. No place really needs play nmiore than the rural com- munity Living is apt to be- come a steady, daily grind, such as takes the vitality out of peo- ple; unless relieved by some form of recreation, Play is not a creation of the evil one, as some of our forefathers thought.--Kansas Farmer. CREP REPS E IPE er Alber rr errr SD | : Adding Hummus To Soil, Who has not noticed bow ldbse and mellow the soil is where an old fence row has been plawed up and brought into cultivation, says the Kansas Farmer. The soil was once all like this, but man has destroyed and removed humus faster than na- ture unaided could replace it. On the old fence row the crop grows rank and gre.n and stands out in -marked contrast to the balanes of the field. = The soil is full of rotted, { décaying ' vegetable matter without which all farming is a failure. There must be a reserve of humus in the soil at all times to keep it in good physical condition, but a large reserve of humus is not' sufficient. Soil, to be productive, must be fu.l of actively decomposing organic mat- ter. This decomposing vegetable material renders mineral particles soluble 'and 'as it detays supplies ni- trogen, so essential to plant growth. This active decomposition and loss of organic matter takes place rapidly when land is well tilled, much more rapidly than it can be replaced with- out special effort. The remedy, is simply to follow nature's niethods--no vegetable mat- ter of any kind should be burned-- legumes and 'other 'green manure crops must Bb grown and plowed un- der each year to keep up the supply of actively decomposing organic mat- ter. Do this systematically and the apparently worn out soil will again become alive and active. It will re- main loose and mellow instead of running together and baking, and crops will again'grow green and rank as when the sod was first broken. Why not take advantage of this wet year and make an extra effort to Brow'some¢ green manure crops? A AAA aio rss na com cheese was slow to-day owing to the limited amount of ocean space avail able to some ports, Prices: Finest westerns, 14 3.4 to 15 7-8c; finest easterns, 14¢ to 14 1-8c: Liverpool, Oct. 8.--Cheese, Cana- diam' finest, white, new, 76s; do., colered 79s. -. Eggs. Montreal, Oct. 8.--There is a good demand for eggs and the market is active, with prices tending higher. Prices to-day: Fresh, 35¢; selected L32¢; No. 1 stock, 28¢; No. 2. stock 26e. The Cheese Markets. Woodstock, Oct. 6.--There were 3815 boxes cheese offered; 13 3-4c id. Petérboro, Oct! 6.--At the cheese board meeting held here to-day, 2,- 047 cheese were boarded. All sold at 14 1-2 and 14 9-16c, Ey New York Prices. New York, Oct. 8. Heavy trading in all lines took place at the South Hay sold from ~ Quotatio! ns fol- '50c a dozen; cel- ; apples, 50c to $1; dry on fens, 80¢ to $1; pumpkins, 5c to 10c eachy* summer squash, 3¢ each; Eggs 26¢ wo 38¢ a dozen; butter 32¢ to 34c a pound; Broilers 16¢ to 18¢c a pound; fowls, 14¢ to I6¢c, and ducks, 16e to 17e. screen to remove the finer weed seeds Weed seeds made up 16 per cent. ed Statés, where they have been re- siderable quantity to other feed ; makes it unpalatable for all kinds of | stock. That screenings without the black seeds may be fed freely to horses, cattle, sheep or swine, but it is more profitable to have such screenings compose not more than 50 to 60 per cent. of the total grain ration. Buck- wheat screenings are especially valu- able as poultry feed. . __Thit more attention-to-the-elean-- ing of grain as it is threshed will save the cost of transporting the screen- ings to the terminal elevators, and will leave the grower in possession of much valuable feed, which, if he does not need for his own use, will find ready sale among live stock men. That the growth of weeds entails an enormous loss each year to farm- ers; and while it is desirable to util- ize everything in grain screenings of good feeding value, it would be bet- ter to burn them than to permit their use in ways that will bring about any increase in the number or distribu- tion of noxious weeds. Nr Ret ci natn} LIMING THE SOIL. Old Problem Wiose Value Is Properly Realized. The problem of liming the soil is an old one, but very few farmers réalize the value that it has to the field products. In the first place, lime is not a fertilzer, as I have heard some farmers say. It may be calied a supplementary fertilizer, but that is as close as we can get. We know that it is needed to improve the soil conditions and that is the main idea that should be known by every tiller of the soil. Lime materials not only .furnish calcium, which is essential for the growth of crops, but they have the power. of improving the mechanical Joadition of both the sands and ciays his they do by binding the materi- als more firmly together. In talking to a farmer the other day about the lime problem he compared the ac- tion of lime on the soil to the pro- cess of making popcorn balls. The grains of popcorn are held together by the molasses, and in the same way the lime holds the soil particles in close contact with one another. In the case of sands, lime thus renders them more compact and im- proves their water holding power. With clays, the tenacity of which is largely due to the fineness of the particles, the lime causes the fine particics to adhere to one another, and these aggregations make the soil 'like one composed of larger par- ticles. * From this we see that it im- proves the mechanical condition, renders the soil more easily cultiva- t and it is better aerated.. Frost and humus also imrrove the physi- cal state of sticky, impervious "soils, tut lime is possibly the most potent agency; and it is certainly the agency most readily controlled by the far- mer... We find that lime also corrects or neutralizes the acid which naturally forms in the soils.--Ohjo Farmer, Not Prevent Farm Fires. After a building takes fire on the average farm there is nothing to do but watch it burn. The season's hay crop or the grain or the . live stock often are imperilled by fire, and In comparatively few cases is there any systematic arrangement for pre- venting it. The reason is, -doubt- less, that each man hopes his place will not be the one which burns, re- mn nn. $12 to $15; Stratford,' baled, $13 to $14; loose, $10 to $12; 'Woodstock, baled, $14 to $15 loose, $117tp $13 per ton; Toronto, baled, $17; loose, $15 to $20; Montreal, $16 to $18.50. ---------- Gananoque Markets, Flour, per ewt, (blen- ded) eh va Flour, (Manitoba) .. Hay, pressed Hay, loose, , Potatoes, per bag, . Hogs, live, cwt., .. Dairy" Butter Creamery 5010 20 34 240 25 Beans At Toronto. Beans are unchanged at Toronto, according to Gun as follows: 1135- pound pickers, $3.45; 3-pound pick- ers, $3.30; and the common Tin, $2.40 to $2.75, according to quality. ------ Beans At Montreal, The market at Montreal or beans is.quiet. Prices are quoted as fol- lows: Car lots, 1%-pound pickers, $3.40 to $3.45; car lots, 3-pound | Pickers, $3.30 to $3.35; car lots, 5- pound pickers, $3.10 to $3.15; un- dergrades, $2.95 to $3. ) Honey At Toronto. . q price this week, with §0-pound tins of clover selling at Sc to 10e per pound, and smaleir packages at 8 %¢ to 10%ec; and buckwheat at Ge to 6 3% e¢ per pound. A moderate amount of business is reported in honey at Montreal. Prices are quoted as unchanged as follows: White clover, in comb, 13% ¢ to 14c; brown clover, ii comb, 12¢ to 13¢c; whife extracted, 11 marks the American Agriculturist. Every farm can afford three or four barrels which are always kept full of water and distributed in conve- nient locations about the buildings. Every farm can keep three or four buckets which are never removed, and apé always ready in an emer- gency. 'Every farm can have build- 'ings equipped with ladders so that points on the roof may be quickly reached. Mpst farms could well af- ford some sort of small chemical fire extinguishing apparatus, and, in fact, mahy farms already make these a part of the barn equipment. A Tew Ldollars and a little time invested be- forehand may save hundreds of dol- lars' loss. Methods of Liberating Plant Food. Limestone and decaying organie métter are the principal materials which the farmer can utilize most profitably to bring about the libera- tion of plant food. The limestone Lorreets the acidity of the soil and thus encourages the development not only of the nitfogen-gathering bac- teria which liyé in the nodules on the roots 'of clover, cowpeas, and other legumes, but also the nitrifying baec- teria, which have power to transform the insoluble and unavailable organ- ie nitrigen into soluble and available nitrate nitrogen. At the same time, the products of this decomposition have power to dissolve the minerals Contained in the soil, such as potas- sium and magnesium, and also to dis solve the insoluble phosphate and limestone which may be applied in low-priced forms. Tillage, or cultivation, also has- tens the liberation of plant food by permitting the air to' enter the soil and burn out the organic matter; but it should never be forgotten that til- lage is wholly destructive, that it adds nothing whatever to the soil, but always leaves it poorer. Til- lage should practiced so far as is necessary to prepare a suitable seed bed for root development and also for the purpese of killing weeds, but more than this is unnecessary and unprofitable in seasons of normal rainfall; and it is much better actu- ally to enrich the soil by proper ap- plications or additions, including limestone and organic matter (both of which have power to improve the physical condition as well as to liber- ate plant food) than mérely to has- ten soil depletion by means of ex- cessive cultivation, What About Sweet Clover? Rural New Yorker: Here and there an enthusiastic farmer praises sweet clover to the skies, and urges every one to plunge in and try it. On the other hand, the agricultural col- lege, the experiment station, the farm bureau agents and-farmers' institute men all urge great caution. They are not enthusiastic--in fact You might call them rather sour on sweet clover. With all this divided opin- ion our advice is much the same that Wwe give about buying' "novelties." Try it out, but do not plunge heavily on this clover, unless you are pre- pared to charge jt all against your- sell in case it proves a failure. On our own farm small patches of sweet clover are doing well, and we are trying it out in about fifteen acres of orchard. If it will do for us half of whit we know it has done for oth- ers we shall be fully satisfied, but we are not jeining either the "boom- ers" of the "knockers" with the evi- dence that we have at present. Work For The Fall. Gardens are often wot rich enough to produce satisfactory results and fall is rather the best time to apply the requisite stable manure. A good covering of this is to be supplied and plowed or dug under, goihg as deep EE A A AAA pound; solids, 8c to 283 ¢; separa- tor prints, 26¢; solids, 25%e¢; dairy prints, 24c to 24 %¢; and coking but- ter, 20¢ to 2l¢ per pound. Butter At-Montreal. The butter market at Montreal is still stronger in tone this week, and prices have been marked up as much as 2¢. Finest creamery is 32¢, to 32% c¢ per pound this week fine creamery, 31%¢ to 31%ec, and creamery seconds, 31c to 31%e; and dairy butter, 24¢c to 25¢ per pound. Kingston Markets | POR AE GR D Oy "Kingston, October 9: Meats Beat. local cyreases, Beef, hinds, 1b. .. Beef, cuts, Ib.... 10 11 12 2% 12 Veal by carcase,- ib: | Veal by qtr, 1b. . - Fish Bloaters, dos. .... Cod, steak, '». ... Finnan haddie, Ib. Eels, Bevnnnes fresh, 1b. Haddock, Halibut, fresu, -b. Haddock, frozen, Ib Herring, fresh salt "as "ea Watermelons, each | Bran, ton . * DEATH IN SILOS, C0880 5 2004000000550 00000%0% Every. year several deaths oc. cur where earbonic acid gas in newly-filled silos poison those who eater. The greatest dan- ger seems to be immediately af. ter the silo is filled. When a silo is partly filled and per mitted to stand two or three days, care should be exercised in going into it If a lighted lantern goes out when lowered into the silo it is danger «man to enter. When a silo is filled and allowed to settle, extreme care should be taken to "drain off" the gas, which is heavier than air, and will, therefore, slowly yrun out like water if the doors above the sil- age line are opened and a free circulation is permitted. After two or three weeks' time the danger of gas is much reduced, and there is no danger if care is exercised --Farmer's Sun PEPPER P PPP PI EPP IP RPE ad | as may be convenient. The ensuing six months will put the manure in good condition for next seasons crops. Plowing again in spring will be beneficial in "making the soil loose, : Fall plowing of land infested with white grubs, wire worms and .cut- worms is urged by Professor J. G Sanders of the College of Agriculture of the University of Wisconsin as a control for these pests and as a pro- tection for next summer's crops. Thorough disking or harrowing, in addition to plowing, disturbs and crushes the winter cells of these pests in the soil and exposes them to their enemies and the severe winter weather. It is especially urged that all cornfields in which the corn ear worm appeared last summer be plowed and thoroughly harrowed to kill the larvae whjch hibernate two or three inches deep in the soil. Pro- per crop rotation is undoubtedly one of the greatest factors in the con- trol of many field crop pests which cannot be well controlled by remed- les applied after the insects' appear- ance in harmful numbers, Pulverized Limestone. Pulverized limestone has recent- ly been much recommended and some experts have especially favored it be- cause of its lower first ¢ost, says The American Agriculturist. Although it-is sold at a relatively low cost a ton, farmers should study its availa- bility in connection and always re- member that the results from its use cannot be expected as quickly. Lime- stone is carbonate of lime, and it will require twice as much an acre to fur- nish as much actual lime as is con- tained in burned limeg Pulverized limestone is "fool proof." It can be applied to a soil in any desired quantity within reason, so as to suf- fice for nfany years, without in any way endangering the soil. It leaches out very slowly. Rape For Hogs. | - Many members of agricultural bu- reaus throughout West Virginia are | growing forage crops for hogs this season for the first time. Wherever the crop was properly handled it has given excellent success, and has en- abled the growers to keep a much larger number of hogs. Some few, not being familiar with the growing of rape, have not ob- tained the greatest possible returns. The main trouble comes from turn- ing the hogs into the field before the plants are sufficiently matured, or in pasturing the crop too close. Hens, dressed, 1b. Hens, live, Ib. ... Turkeys, Ib. .... Dairy Froducts Butter, dairy 23 PA 35 , rolls Ib .. old, Ib. new, 1b, |. Eggs, fresh, doz. . Cantelope Cucumbers, each . Grapes, basket Lemons, Messina, Peaches, doz. .... lus, doz. ...... Nuts mixed, Ib Oranges, doz. . 1% n 10 Vegetables. Beets, bush. ....-$ Cabbage, doz. .... Corn, doz. "ans Celery, bunch Potatoes, bush, . Parsuips. bush. . . Onions, bush. . Turnips, bag Barley, bush. ....$ 26 00 Buckwheat, bush. . 90 Corn, yellow feed, b 100 185 245 Cora, cracked, ewt. corn, meal, cwt. Flour, ewt. ...... 3.25 Hay, baled, ton .. .s 1% 00 Hay, loose ....., 17640 1960 Oats, local, bush. . .a 40 Oats, Man., bush. 70 Straw. baled, ton. . iiraw, loose, fon = Wheat, local bush, 100 ™ « 04 Lamb and sheep skins up to .. 1.49 Horse hides, each, upto ...... 3.50 Tallow rendered in cakes 08 tran