. 5 3 FARM SURGERY Practiceal Notes By a Practical Man in Toronto Weekly Sun. NEIGHBORIZING. FARM HOME. - Carrie's sister, living at the cross- roads, spoke of the value of the mo- tor car in giving a bond of interest, through recreation, to her family. = "Nearly every. evening in the summer, when all are hot and he giving of medicine in ball 1 inuch practised and requires skill, Drugs given in ball form it first be reduced to a powder and then either placed in a gelatine orrmoistened with water, sy- hy nine, or other molsténing ance, rolled into a polus about three-quarters of an inch t to steady head and prevent him ding it too high. The ball he hoisted with oll of oth- the left hand and holds it out th the right side." - He grasps the ball with the points of the ngers and thumb of the right hand, passes the hand back in the centre of the mouth (being careful that the workings of the tongue do not carry it between the molar teeth), and drops it into the pharnyx just be- hind the root of the tongue. The borse will then swallow it. Some- times, but not often, he will give a short, quick cough and ex; it in- tact, in which case another attempt must be made. It requires some prac- tice to enable a man to administer a ball without danger of it getting be- tween the molar teeth, when it will be chewed und most of it expelled. Care mid be taken in giving ball medicines that the hand is not forced between the molars when the patient will close the teeth upon it. If thé tongue is being held firmly with the i» very consideraple, to. give it only ing capacity of a cow is greater than that of a horse. She is, moreover, not so timid; and once she finds something passing down her throat she will not resist until out of breath A crooked neck at the time of dren- ching is Xhe most usual cause of choking, and next to it the uncertain- 'ty which accompanies the dribbling method recommended for horses. Not knowing when the drench is coming the animal involuntarily opens the windpige, and down goes the medi- ne. The drenching of sheep compares with that of the ox, and the dog with the horse, in the matter of fast or slow administration. Lambs ave often suffocated when being drenched with turpentine and other substances. In drenching lambs the best plan is to sit on a stool with the lamb between the knees, taking care not to hold the head above level and give the drench | with a narrow-necked sauce bottle. but it ean be easily done if the fol- lowing pldn is adopted: Cut a hole in the toe of an old shoe and give the toe 10 the pig to bite at, then pour the medicine through the hold while he is biting at the toe. Sticky medi- cines can be plasted among a pig's teeth. On no account, however, pour anything through a pig's nose. This is a4 custom as barbarous as it is cruel and unnecessary. one or two "'go-downs."" The swallow. | or in pain from the forced attitude. It is often difficult to dose a pig, | temper-tried from our day's work, my husband and the boys hustle through the chores with smiles of anticipa- tion while Maud and I clear away the | supper table and put the dishes to 'soak. Wa change our clothes if we have time, but we go in our work dresses plug a little session with the {'comb and wash-basin rather than miss the Pp. with a red? sunset, the scent of the fields, the whip-poor-will's calls and the swift motion, soon cools 'our bodies and refreshes our jaded spir- its. We always stop somewhere for an exchange of news with our friends "and the dishwasliing seems light work when we return." Tom Martin, my host, gave me a man's point of view toward the prac- tical utility' of the automobile for a farmer. "Suppose, when I have a big crew of men here harvesting or thrashing, some vital part of the ma- chinery suddenly gives out. Work stops until the damage can be re- paired. I can telephone the imple- ment dealer in town to get ready what is needed, then one of my men can jump into the ayto and 'hike' to town and be back in a jiffy as compared with riding a horse. "Then the ownership of autos by the fellows in town is a great bless- ing to us when we need them. in a mighty big hurry. ' This past winter I had a valuable colt badly hurt in a mix-up with a barbed wire fence. He bid fair to be worth only his hide if the 'vet' hadn't owned a 'buzz-wageh' and came tearink out here.""--Wo- {man's World. y | The early evening, | Market gardening and the keeping of poultry i8 a combination that I have founid to be very profitable. In my opinion, the two work together much hetter than any two branches of agriculture. The garden furnishes the hens with much succulent green food, such as cull cabbage, beets, to- matoes, etc, , On the other hand, the growing of vegetables. My garden 'is fenced with six-foot poultry ; netting, which effectually holds the chickens out. When frosts have killed all' vegetation and eom- pleted the garden work for the year, I rake up all the dead vines, weeds and grassés and compost them ih one corner of the garden. = The garden is then plowed and the chickens turn- ed in to feast on the grubs-and lar- vae turned up hy the plow. If these were left in the ground they would greatly injure next season's crop' of vegetablés. In a few days the chickens are ousted and the ground sowed to rye. When the rye has made a growth of three or four inches, the chickens are given access to the gar- den for the remainder of the fall and winter, The rye serves as a cover crop, and furnishes the hens with an abundance of sutculent green feed during the fall and winter months, and, when plowed under in the spring, it adds an immense store of humus to the soil. The market gardener, who also makes a specialty of poultry, can usually realize the highest prices for his poultry products. Usually, in making his round with the vegetable wagon, "he can easily dispose of all -------- hens supply several tons of fertilizer that is especially profitable for thei profit on the feed, profit to for your investment of capital, of and , the same as any merchant. A letter to the Dairy Commissioner, Ot- tawa, will bring you free of charge milk record forms, either daily or three days per month, feed records, and a herd record book. When you note down total production and closely estimate cost of feed by occa- sional weighings, you arrive at indj- vidual profit. Make each cow pay a good profit.«C. F. W, ------ FEEDING YOUNG CALVES It is specially important that =a certain agent of colostrum or green milk be fed to calves to begin with, The colostrum is even mora, digestible than the whole milk. It has a slightly medicinal effect, and is required to put the stomach and intestines of the young calf 'into working order. The colostrum is nature's provision for the new-born animals, and while specially yaluable { for these it is quite unsuitable_for | feeding to older calves, and when {fed to them is often the cause of trouble. If for any reason colo- strum is not available, a substitute, such das an egg switched up with a little castor oil, should be given to the new-born calf, Al} young calves, and particularly these that prove poor drinkers, should be fed three times a day for the first few days, This entails 4 little extra labor, but is amply repaid | by results, as digestive troubles | which frequently culminate in scour { are often avoided by its adoption. | Regularly of feeding is also very im- | partant, and is a factor which has a { very direct bearing on the general | bealth. : { The quantity of milk fed should be gradually increased as the calf his eggs and market poultry at a grows, at least up to the time when 1 The natural and most perfect incu- bator is the perfect hen, which, set upon the proper mumber of perfect fertile eggs, under perfect conditions, hatches from each &nd every egg a perfect chick. Then it must be per- fection; and everything must have been as nature intended and has pro- vided. The egg chamber should be heated solely by radiation from a heater the full size of the egg chamber. The eggs should be turned twice daily and cooled once daily from the (second to the eighteenth day, and not after. Chicks should remain in the same tray until hatch is completed. Chicks should not be allowed to fall from the hatching tray to the bottom below the tray; a newly hatched chick is helpless and exhaust- ed when it gets clear of the shell and gains strength only when dried off. If allowed to fall below the egg tray to a temperature from six to ten de- grees below the natural temperature it was hatched in, the sudden change chills the wet chick. When hatch is completed, chicks dry, the temperature of the egg cham- ber containing the chicks should be gradually reduced to 90 degrees by opening ventilator or adjusting the regulator. . When chicks are hatching the tem- perature should be kept up, rather than reduced, 1056 degrees is better than 102 at the time; 103 to 104 is the usual degree, The proper posi- tion for the thermometer in testing is upon the egg, as it is the tempera- ture of the egg that is desired.-- Wo- man's World for April. of much of the ve disorders and mortality in Make all the manure possible and save its ferti f value by putting it 'on the land soon after it is made as you ¢an conv atly, Plen- wy of bedding means comfort for the stock as well as a saving of man- ure. , . : The' Farmer and Stock Breeder, Sectland, says it is not likely any country will have a sufficiency of live stock to meet the needs of the larger markets which will be thrown open on the cessation of 'hostilities. cost of Producing ples. | The Fruit Branch of the Ontario Department of Agriculture gives the report of a committee apopinted by the Ontario Frull Growers' Associa- tion to estimate the cost of produc- ing a barrel of apples. The com- mittee, in arriving at the estimate, placed the value of a twenty-year- old apple orchard at from $2560 to $600, the valuation varying according - to location. Intérest was allowed ° on this at six per cent. © Allowance was also made for depreciation, in- surance, eter, on trees,.plants and machinery, taxes, pruning and haul- ing fruit, spraying three times, fer- tilization, cultivation, thinning, pick- ing, packing, hauling to station, bar- rels (at 45c), and cost of manage- ment. For the latter $10 to $11 an acre was allowed. The cost of three sprayings was placed at $12 to $16 per acre, and pruning and haul- ing brush at $10 to $12. Fertilizar tion was putiat $15 to $18 per acre, and cost of picking and packing at 40c per barrel for an 80-barrel crop. On this basis the per acre cost rang- ed from $158.60 to' $186.25. As- left hand he will not be able to grasp suming that the trees, forty to the FARM LAND VALUES, very firmly, because his own tongue price that i§ much higher than that|gther foods can De safely introduc- 7 paid by local stores. gets , the same r---------- 7 a i is between the molars on the other side, Should the hand become 'wedg- ed between the molars never attempt to forcibly withdraw it. Hold the hands steady, and with the left hand still holding the tongue, endeavor to get the horse to relax pressure, and the right hand will be liberated with no other injury than perhaps a few teeth marks. A small inexpensive instrument called a balling gun, and made for the purpose, is recommended to ama- teurs, The drenching of cattle is a task that most men accustomed to cattle enter lightly upon. As a beast may, however, be killed by the drenching going "the wrong way," it is well to know the right way. The custom of putting the thumb and forennger into the nostrils in. or- der to hold a beast for drenching is not to be recommended, as it inter- feres with respiration and is likely to. produce choking. The proper way to give & hgast a Gwenck is get the "finger of one hand into the mouth, another person keeping the head straight by holding the horns. There are two or three things that should be carefully observed. in drenching cattle: The neck should always be kept straight; touch the roof of the mouth with the bottle before pouring 'any of the contents down the throat, and unless the bulk rr | Wisconsin's Pre-eminence. | One-half of all the cheese produe- ed in the United States, says Farm, Stock and Home, is made in Wiscon- sin. 'The other impartant cheese-pro- ducing States are New York, Pen- nsylvania, Ohio and Michigan. Yet, fifteen years ago New York produc- ed almost twice as much cheese as Wisconsin. . "arm tenancy is lowest in the counties where dairying is most ex- tengively carried on. In Green coun- ty, where almost every farmer is a cheese produter, the average per cap- ita: wealth is higher than in almost any, perhaps any, agricultural coun- ty, with an area of about twenty- four miles square, has one factory to every three or four sections of land. About 120,000,000 pounds of Am-~ erica cheese is made in Wisconsin loads of 20,000 pounds to thé car, or it would equal 240 trainloads. In- eluding all kinds of cheese, Wiscon- sin is able to ship a traipload of cheese outside of the State for every day of the year. | Clean up the incubator and get it in running order. mm my | The Latest Market Reports | LIVE STOOK MARKETS Toronto. Toronto, March 24 --Export cat- tle, choice, $8.25 to $8.50; butcher cattle, chotce $8 to $8.25, medium $7.50 to $8, common $7 to $7.50; butcher cows, choice, $6.75 to $7, medium $6.25 to $6.50, canners $3.50 to $4.25, bulls $4.50 to $7.25; feeding steers, $7 to $7.25; stockers, choice $6.75 to $7, light $6.50 to $6.75; milkers, choice, each $60 to $100; springers, $60 to $100; sheep, ewes $8.50 to $9.50; bucks and culls, $6 to $8; lambs, $11.50 to $13.25; hogs, fed and watered, $10.25; calves, $5 to $11.50, Chicago. Chicago, March 24.-Cattlé; Re- ceipts 3,000, Market strong. Nat- ive beef steers, $7.70 to $10.05; stotkers and feeders, $6 to $8.25; cows and heifers, $4.10 to $9; cal- ves, $8 to $10.50. Hogs: Receipts 2,000. Light, $9.20 to $9.75; mixed, $9.40 to $9.80; heavy, $9.36 to $9.80; rough, $9.35 to $9.50; pigs, $7.50 to $8.60; bulk of sales, $6.90 io $9.75, Sheep: § pts 12,000. firm, < $8.50 to lambs, yative $9.75 to $11.70. Matket $9.25; Buffalo, M 24. --Catife re. 150; active and steady. 'eals, receipts 200, slow, $4 to , Hogs, receipts 8,200. Active; heavy and mixed, $10.10 to $10.20; y $9.26 to $10.10; pigs, $8.75 to $9; roughs, $9 to $9.15; stags, Nun nani Yvéceipts 3,000 an 8, ts 3, 3 sheep, active. Lambs, slow. Lambs, 13 $11.70; yearlings, $6.50 to 10.50; wethers, $9 to $9.50; ewes, + ad $7.75; sheep. mixed, $8.75 to Montreal, March 24.~--There was a good demand for small lots to fill ty wants and § and $5.50 to $7.20 per 10 The market for hogs Was active and firm. The demand from pack- ers was good for selected lots at $11- .25 to $11.50, weighed off cars. GRAIN QUOTATIONS. Toronto. Toronto, March 24. -- Manitoba wheat--In store at Fort William, No. 1 northern, $1.08%; do. No. 2, $1.05%; do. No. 3, $1.03%. Manitoba oats--In store at Fort William, No. 2 O.W:, 42%c; No. 3 C.W., 40% ¢; No. 1 extra feed, 40%¢c; No. 1 feed, 39% ¢. American corn--No. 3 yellow, 78¢. Canadian corn--Feed, 68¢c to 70e, Ontario wheat--No. 2 winter, per car lot, according to freights out- side, $1 to $1.02; No. 1 commercial, 96c to 98¢c; No. 2 commercial, 94c to 96¢c; No. 3 commercial, 91¢ to 92¢; feed wheat, 85¢ to 88c. Ontario oats--No. 3 white, 42¢ to 43c; commercial oats, 41¢ to 42c. Peas--No. 2, nominal, per car lot, $1.50, according Jo sample, $1 to $1.30. x Barley--Malting, outside, 62¢ to 6dc; do. No. 2 feed, 59¢ to 62¢c. Buckwheat--Nominal, 68c to 69¢c. Rye -- No. 1 commercial, 86¢ to 87¢; rejected, 83c to 85c¢. Manitoba flour--First patents, in jute bags. $6.50; do. seconds, $6; strong bakers', $5.80, in jute bags. Ontario flour--Winter, track, To- ronto, prompt shipment, according to sample, $4.06 to $4.20; in jute bags; bulk, seaboard, $4.15 to $4.20. Millfeed--Car lots, per ton, deliv. ered, Montreal freights--Bran, $24; shorts, $26; middlings, 27; good feed flour, bag, $1.60 to $1.70. I~ ------ Wi Winnipeg, M 24.--No. 1 nor- thern;:$1.08; No.2 northern, $1.06% No. 8 northern, $1.02% ; No. 4 nor- thern, 99% ¢; No. 6 northern, 90%c¢; No. 6 northern, 823¢; feed, -77%ec. Oats--No. 2 C.W., 42¢; No. 3.C. W., 40c; extra No. } feed, 40¢c; No. 1 feed, 38%c; No. 2 feed, 38v. Bar- ley--No. 3, 59¢; No. 4, 54c¢; rejected, 51%e; feed, 51%. Flax--No. 1 N.W.C., $1.94; No. 2 C.W,, $1.91. : Chicago. 3 Chicago, March 24.--No. 2 = 7 No. 3 red, $1.10%; No: ; No. 3 hard, $1 to : Corn--No. 2° yellow, 76%e; No. 4 yellow, 69¢c; No. 4 white, 70¢c. Oats--No. 3 white, 42¢ to 43c¢ 44c to 45¢. Rye 4+ standard, --No. 3, S4e to 95c. Barley--8lc to Toe. Timafly 44.50 to $8. Clo- ver--310 to $18.75. Pork--$16.20 annually. This would be 6,000 car | per acre more this year than last, on | the estimate of the Census and Sta- | tistics Office. This year's estimate {is $38.90, but this does not mean much, including as it does all the poor land in the country. By provinces the values run follows: Ontarlo .. o.oo cls New Brunswick .. ..... Nova Scotia .. .. .. .. Prince Edward Island . . Quebed .. .. ..r .. Manitoba .. .. .. .. .. Saskatchewan Alerts .. .. .. i. 23.15 British Columbia .. 125.00 These bring out some very inter- esting points. Prince Edward is the most truly agricultural of all the eastern provinces; Ontario reflects in high prices the valuable land near as *$ 52.49 22.48 28.00 37.64 51.36 30.36 24.20 belts; New Brunswick has a large amount of poor and unimproved land; the Prairie Provinces show the effect of spetulators who hald land out of use, Alberta, being the Tiewest, suffers most in this regard; while British Columbia, with svery little farm lands, save in the high-priced fruit districts, shows an enormous average value, but with a compara- tively small acreage. A draft of cold air will cause cak- ed udder. to --3 $22.62, Lard--$11.15. Ribs 11.50 to $12. Duluth, Duluth, March 24.--No. 1 hard, $1.12% 1 No. 1 northern, $1.103% to $1,133; No. 2 northern, $1.056% to $1.09%. Montreal. Montreal, March 24.--There was no improvement in the general de- mand from foreign buyers for Man- itoba wheat 'to.day, and only sales of a few odd loads were made, but an- other cargo of 240,000 bushels was sold for April shipment to a foreign Government, The trade in coarse grain on spot was quiet, only sales of odd cars of oats were made, includ- ing some Manitoba sample oats A 54 %¢ per bushel, track here. 'The trade in flour continues quiet, and prices are unchanged. Millfeed is in fair demand. Butter firm, with more enquiry "from . outside points, . Kggs active and easy. Oats--Canadian Western, No. 2, 52 to 62%¢; do,, No. 3, 50 to 50%%¢; extra No. 1 feed, 650 to 60%¢c; No. 2 local white, , 48 to 48%¢; No. 3, do., 47 to 47%ec; No. 4, do., 46 to 46 %ec: Barley--Manitoba feed, 66 to 67¢; malting, 75¢c to 77¢. Flour --Manitoba 'Spring wheat patents, firsts, $6.60; do., seconds $6.10; strong bakers,' $5.90; winter pat- nts, choice, $6.10; straight rollers, 5.50 to $5.60; do., in bags, $2.66 to . $2.65. Rolled oats--Barrels, $5.05; bag, of 90 lbs. $2.35. Mill- feed--mBran, $28 to $24; shorts, $25 to $26; middling® $27 fo $30; mouillie; $30 to $33. hs is Minneapolis. __ "Minneapolis, March 24.--May, $1,10 '1-2; July, $1.10 5-8; No. 1 hard, $1.15 1-2; No. 1 porthern, $111 to $1.13 1-2, Cora--No. yellow, 75¢ to 76¢c. Oats-- No. 3 white, 39 '1-3¢ to 40 1.2¢, Flour-- 10¢ higher; fancy patents, $6.20; first clears, $4.50; other grades un- changed; shipments, 50,103 barrels. Bran--3$17.50 to $18.50. Liverpool. Liverpool, - March 24, -- Spot, steady; No. 1 Manitoba, 13s 104; No. 3 Manitoba 13s 4d; No. 2 hard winter, gulf, 11g 6d; No. 2 red wes- tern winter, 11s 9d; No. 1 durum, 13s 4d; No. 2 hard winter, choice, choice, 13s 2d; Northern Chicago, 13s 9d. Corn , American mix- ed, new 10s 6 1:2d. Flour --Win- ter patents, 40s. Hops in London (Pacific coast)--£4 15s to £5 15s, GENERAL TRADE The prices paid for produce at various Ontario points are: . Butter--Belleville, 33c to 34c per pound; Berlin, 30¢c to 33¢; Brant- ford 33¢ to 36¢; Cobourg, 35¢ to 38¢; '| bushel; Berlin, ing his eggs to be perfectly fresh he will have little difficulty in finding customers who are willing to pay for quality. TR. 2. Ei tte A (ERR Tarn Waste To Profit. Recently a proprietor of a large, { modern business in a thriving city | was heard to remark, "M§ twelve | months' trade shows, after allowing | myself -a low weékly income, not one | cent of profit, ondll the capital, risk and worry." He distinguishes | closely between income | for the year. Does the average dairyman con- | activities, . grainy" poultry, | pork, hay, milk? Further, does he distinguish between income and pro- fit when dealing;with. the herd? If (and much depends on that ':if") | each cow makes a good profit he is indeed well off. "2 Even if each cow {is responsible 'for a good income, | things are not too bad. if some of ! your cows waste. good feed because | they are not possessed of ability to | make milk econontically, find it out; | turn waste to prefit. Make the cows | keep you, that is their job: you nedd A GNU i AAI AP AAS 5 Owen Sound, 28¢ to 30c¢; Peterboro, 36¢ to 38¢; Port Hope 33¢ to 35¢; St, Thomas, 35¢; Stratford, 33c to 34c; and Woodstock, 33¢ to 36¢. Eggs-- Belleville, 26¢ to 28¢ per dozen; Berlin, 250 to 27¢; Brantford, 30¢; Cobourg, 28¢; Guelph, 30¢ to 32¢; Hamilton, 30¢ to 36¢; Owen Sound, 22¢ to 23¢; Peterboro, 27¢ to 28¢; Port Hope, 26c to 27¢; 8t. Thomas, 30¢; Stratford, 25¢ to 28c; and Woodstock, 25¢ per dozen. Spring chockens--Belleville, 19¢ to 22¢c per 1b.; Berlin, 20¢c to 21¢; Brantford, 17¢ t6 19¢; Cobourg, 18c; Guelph, "18¢ to 20¢; Hamilton, 22¢ to 24¢; Owen Sound,' 20¢ t0.22¢; Peter- boro, 28¢; Port Hope, 21¢ to 23¢; St. Thomas," 15¢ to 18¢; Stratford, 17¢ to 18¢; and Woodstock, 20¢. Wheat--+Belleville, 0c to 93¢ per bushel; -Rerlin, "$1.05; Brantford, 95¢; Cobourg, 90¢c to 96¢; Guelph, $1.10; Hamilton, 95¢; Kingston, '$1.15; Owen sound, 90c to 92¢; Pet- erboro, 96¢ to 98¢; Port Hope, 93¢c to 97¢; to 60c¢; St. Thomas, b58¢c; Stratford, 95¢; and Woodstock, 95¢c. Oats---Belleville, 40c to 43c per bushel; Berlin, 45¢; Brantford, 45¢; Cobourg, 38¢; Guelph, 43¢c; Hamil- ton, 44¢ to 46c; Owen Sound, 42¢ to 43¢; Pcterboro, 38¢; Port Hope, 37¢ to 41¢; St. Thomas, 38¢; Stratford, 40c and Woodstock, 40¢ to 42c per ushel, Barley--Berlin, 50c; Brantford, 652¢c to 65c; Cobourg, b6c to 57c; Guelph, 48¢ to 55¢; Hamilton, 55c to 66c; Owen Sound, 656c to 58¢c; Pet- erboro, 56¢; Port Hope, 65¢ to 60c; St. Thomas, 58¢; Stratford, 45¢ to | 62¢; and Woodstock, 48¢c to 50c per bushel, .Hay--Belleville--baled $18 to $18.50, loose $17 to $19; Berlin -- baled $19.50 to $19,lo0se $17 to $18 Brantford--baled $15 to $16, loose $13 to $17; Cobourg--baled $20,l00se $20; Guelph--baled, $23.loese $20to $21; Hamilton--baled $16 to $20, loose $16 to $20; Owen Sound -- baled $20 to $21, loose $18 to $21; Peterboro--baled $17 to $17.50, loose $14 to $14.50; Port Hope -- baled $18, loose $19 to $20; St. Thomas---baled $15 to $16, loose $18 to $20; Stratford--baled '$13 to $15 and Woodstock--baled, $17 to $18, and loose $16, : Seeds--Red clover, $16.20 to §16- .80 for No. I, with No. 2 60c below these prices; alsike, No. 1, $13.80 to $14.40; No. 2, $11.80 to $12.20; al- falfa, No. 1, $16.20 to $16.80; No. 2, $15.80; timothy, No. 1, $6.70, and No. 2, $5.75 to $6 per bushel. x -Potatoes--Bellkville, $1.30 $1.50; Brantford, $1.75; Cobourg, $1.20; Guelph, $1.50; Hamilton, $1.60 to $1.70; Owen Sound, $1.05 to $1.10; Peter- boro, $2; Port Hope, $1.25; St. Tho- mas, $1.50 to $2; Stratford, $2 to per By guarantee- | ad. If a calf just and profit { sider his farm business in the same] cities and in the fruit and vegetable | light, each department of its many | lumber, | {amount of milk when four weeks | old as it got when one week old it is clear that it must either be CHOPPED STUFF , | over-fed when a week old, or very | much under fed when four weeks | {old.--West of Scotland Agricultural { College Bulletin. { PRUNE APPLE TREES IN SPRING. | { Early spring is the best time to | prune apple trees. More and more at- | tention is being given to the pruning | of young and old trees in order that they may be able to support large | loads of fruit. Yet too many trees | have been neglected and now look like brush heaps instead of fruit trees, Neglected trees should have all dead and interlocking branches re- moved this year. Next year a few more needless branches should be shortened. The following year others taken out and some of the others should be cutizin this way severe pruning is not necessary and a tree is gotten into good form graduiily. The brood sow at farrowing should be in good flesh. The very fat sow usually has a weak litter, difficulty in farrowing, and is ¢lum- sy, while the very thin sow often has 'small, poorly-nurtured pigs, and is I not in condition to milk heavily, If one of your neighbors beats you at any kind of farming tell him you are glad and ask him how he did it. He will be pleased to tell you and it will do you both good. Sprouted oats are considered by almost alP poultrymen to he ome of the best green foods for hens, It is a most excellent egg-producer, and the fowls are very fond of it. Now is the time to study barn plans. Perhaps you may decide to remodel or build. In any case re- member hiow vitally important sun- shine, fresh air and cleanliness are in the stable. During last summer the average farm wage in Canada, including hoard, was $37.10. By the year the average was $341. In Ontario the average wage for the summer was $31.09. v Wonderful prices were made at the Scottish Shorthorn sales in Feb- At Perth, yearling bulls were sold for 1,555 gs. and 1,500 gs., and the average for bulls alone was 27 gs. ahead of last year, # Be sure that the in-foal mare is not too fat, and in getting regular exercise, or, better, light work. Ov- er-feeding of brood mares just be- fore and after foaling is the cause acre, averaged only two barrels per 'tree, the cost per barrel on board car runs from $1.98 to $2.32. The Horse's Coat in Spring. A horse's coat is a good indication of his condition at this season of the year. If it "stares" or looks rough and unkempt regardless of the daily brushing, he is not fully nourished and needs a change of feed, A mo- lasses addition to the ration, of say a gill or half pint twice daily, or a small handful of oil meal gradually increased to a pint twice a day, or two quarts of potatoes or apples twice daily, will presently work won- ders in his appearance and spirit. A Warm bran mash once a week is also good. BARLEY OR OATS FIRST. § "1 know that a numbenofyfarmers \ think oats should come befdre barley in the order of spring seeding." said Prof. C. A. Zavitz, "In my experi- ence, however, the earliest seeding of barley has invariably given the largest yields. It has not always heen so with oats. Still, if the land is low and wet I would not sow bar- ley there very early. I have seen bar- ley so nipped with frost that it turn- ed yellow, but still it gave a good yield." ~~ Mill Feeds at Torento. Mill feeds are steady at last week's quotations, selling as follows: Bran, $24 per ton; shorts, $25; middlings, $26, and good -feed flour, bag, at $1.60 to $1.70. Linseed meal is quoted at un- shanged* figures: No. 1 is $4.75 per cwt.; No. 2, $3.75 f.0.b. at mills. Oil cake is steady at $38 per toh, and gluten feed at $30 per ton. Cheepe at Montreal. . Cheese at Montréal is steady at last week's quotations, in spite of ad- vanced cable offerings, as follows: Finest Westérn Ontario cheese, 18% ¢ to 19¢; with Eastern Townships at 18%ec to-18%c; fine cheese is sell- ing at 17% ec to 18¢ per pound; and undergrades at 17%c to 17%e. Poultry at Montreal. A week ago all dressed poultry prices, save turkeys, at Montreal ad- vanced 1c; this week the turkeys make the same advance, and prices are as follows: Turkeys, chaice, per pound, 27¢ to 28¢; turkeys; ordi, nary, per pound, 25¢ to:26¢; chick- ens, 22¢c to 24c; geese, 17¢ to 18¢; fowl, 18c to 19¢; dueks, 19¢ to 26e. Honey at Montreal. Honey at Montreal is unchanged again this week. Quotations are: White, extracted, 123%c to 13¢ per pound; brown, extracted, 10%c¢ to 11%c; buckwheat honey, 9c to 1lc, Apples at Toronto. Good apples are reported by Daw- son & Elliott as becoming scarce. Prices on the Toronto market are about steady with last week, as fol- lows: No. 1 Spies, $5.25 up to $6 for fancy, -high-colored and clean apples, with No. 1 Greenings and Baldwins at $4 to $4.50 per barrel; No. 2's sell at 50¢ less, and No. 3's from 50¢ lower still, Kingston ©" Kingston, March 25th. Meats -- Beef, local carcase, 1b Beef, hinds, 1b. .. Beef, cuts, Ib.... Beef, western, carcase, 1b. .... 11 15 Veal, 1b. J: . . 5 5 & ---- Fish an Cod, steak, 1b. ... Eels, 1b, «....... Finnan haddie, Ib. Haddock; fresh, Ih. | Haddock, frozen, i Halibut, fresh, 15. Herring, fresh salt water, doz. ... Mackerel, 1b. 've Oysters, qt. Oysters, shell, doz. Rock-fish, 1b, .... Salmon ... .... Suckers, Ib. Shad, 1b. Tom-cods,. 1b. ... Trout, salmon: 1b, White fish, Ib. .. Apples, bbl. Bananas, 09%. .... Dates, Ib. ....v0s Figs, 1b, Grapefruit, - each Grapes, Malaga, 1b. Lemons, Messina, OB wusnsinens Nuts mized, 1b. .. Oranges, doz. .... Potatoes, sweet, Ib. : Spy apples, bbl, .§ 5.5 Tomatoes, 1b .... . Poultry, Chickens, live, 1b. Chickens, ™. ... Hens, dressed," Hens, live, 1b. ... Turkeys, 1b. 23 i -- Dairy Products Butter, rolls 1b .. Butter, creamery,lb Cheese, 1b. ...... Eggs, cooking,doz. Eggs, fresh, doz. . emit. 35 Vi Beets, bush. .....§ e, doz, .... Celery, bunch ... Potatoes, bag .... Potatoes, bush. .. Parsnips, bush. ... Onions, bush. .... Turnips, "bag .... i -- Buckwheat, bush. . Corn, cracked, ewt. Corn, meal, ewt, .. Guelph, 35¢; Hamilton, 36¢ to 40¢; $2.25, and Woodstock, $1.60 bushel, vagsk > ye Bloaters, dos .. Ciscoes, Furs and Hides. Below are the ruling market prices for hides, skins and raw furs. These prices represent the full value of the articles quoted, and have been approved as correct by John McKay, Lid., for dealers: Beef hides, trimmed; 1b. .. Gindeng, wild, 1b. Horse hides, No. 1 .... Deacons u Beeswax, clear, 1b. .. Muskrats, spring Foxes, No. 1 red . Raccoon, No. 1, prime large .$2.50 Sheep skins, fresh . $2.50 Skunk, .... "N...50c to $2.00 Tallow, rendered,'lb. ........ 6¢ MINK: visi 50¢ to $3.00 Veal Skins, Ib, 160 Pol & George Mills & Co. are paying the following for raw furs:-- Red fox, large ....$ 7.00to§ 8.00 Do. medium 65.00to 6.00 Do. small 3.00to 4.00 M'krats spring, "large . ..Do. medium .... Do. small M'krats, winter, large Do. medium Do. smal Raccoon, large .... Do. medium Do. small Mink, large Do. medium Do. small Skunk, black .... Do, short stripe . . Do. narrow stripe. Do. broad stripe . Weasel, large ..... Do. medium Do. small 3.50 to 2.50 to 1.25 to 4.00 to 3.00 to 1.50 to 2,50 to 1.50 to 1.00 to 50 to Do. medium .... Do. small ...... . WORD FOR SWEET CLOVER - ------ Upon the sand plains of Simcoe county there was one section where only an odd spear of grass was grow- ing. A farmer sowed some sweet clover there, plowed it down, and now he can grow anything on the I believe sweet clover is go- ing to be the salvation of many of Ontario's waste places.--J. W. Clark, clean water that should be accessi chill taken off. : : Don't forget the animals need sue culant feeds in March and April. If roots and are not available Taoiasees makes a 50nd ubMIUE,