~ FARM SURGERY Practiceal Notes By a Practical Man in Toronto Weekly Sun. \ _"y In this something about the signs of sick- ness and health. In the considera- . tion of these matters an observant _eye'is of the first- importance. If the signs of health. are known, any departure from them may be noted. An illness caught and treated at its commencement generally leads to re- covery, whilst one not observed for some time is often serious in its end- ing, and troublesome to deal with. is, of course, the best nee teacher, but there are many things which all who have the care of ant- mils should and can know. ~When in health, an animal will have a good appetite, cleaning up the manger after each meal, and will drink and sleep regularly. Cattle will chew the cud at regular intervals and without difficulty. Then, again, an animal should dung regularly; the dung should be of normal consis- tency, allowing, of course, for the kind of food and the time of year. The eyes of a healthy animal should be bright and the membranes of the eyelids of a healthy pink color. A . knowledge of the. proper color should be ascertained by examining the eyes of a few healthy animals, as in cer- tain diseases, such as jaundice and influenza, the color is very much al- tered. The breath should be sweet, and in cattle the muzzle should be covered with beads of moisture. A pig's snout should be moist and slimy. A horse's skin should be soft and smooth, and a bair should lie the right way, and Have a nice gloss upon it. i Breathing and Temperature. Another important point to notice is the breathing. H at rest, ani- mal should breathe quietly and with- out difficulty. A horse breathes about eight to ten times per minute, an ox twelve "to sixteen times, and a pig, when fill, ten: to twetity times, Sheep vary very much; fin' winter they may breathe as little as fifteen times a minute, and in summer any- thing up to a hundred: Thermometers can be bought with marks to show what is the proper temperature for each of the domes- tic animals, but often in different animals of the same kind there will be a slight variation. The normal temperature of a horsé is 99 to 101 degrees Fahrenheit; the formal tem- perature of a mature cow 99 to 102 degrees; a sheep 102 to 104 de- grees, and for pigs 100 to 103 de- grees. The temperature of pigs va- ries with age rather more than in other animals, the higher tempera- ture being found in younger ones: The thermometer should be inserted into the anus. A good instrument need only be left in position for half a minute, but a cheap one requires three minutes. The temperature of the skin, as felt by the hand, should always be uniform, excepting the feet, which should be slightly colder than: the rest of the body. The pulse T I would like to say Is difficult to take, and varies for so many reasons that it is better for those who are not experienced to take ne notice of it. It should range from 40 to 50 degrees. There are conditions among ani- mals which are regarded as diseases by the average stock owner, while in reality they are nothing of the kind. . -- Diseases or Symptoms, Thus he thinks of "hide-bound" as a disease of the skin, and regar cough as a disease of the respiratory organs, while indigestion and diar- rhoea are looked upon as diseases of the digestive system. To he exact, however, all these things are not dis- eases but symptoms, and it should be the object of every stock keeper to endeavor to understand the sig- nificancel of these symptoms so that in treating an animal he. can attack the real cause of the trouble, In the case of hide-bound, which is a hardness of the skin from want of oily: matter on its surface, every disg- ease which can affect the general 8ys- tem may produce this derangement. The condition is most prominent in cattle, though it is not in that class of stock alone that it is found. Semi- starvation and exposure are fertile causes of hide-bound. Young cat- tle suffering from husk or hoose, es- pecially when they get into the low, weak state which is characteristic of the advanced stage of this dis- ease, exhibit this derangement of the fulictions of the skin. So also does thé "waster,"" whether the subject that tuberculosis has marked for a victim, or the suffering from para- sitic gastro-enteritis. Chronie¢ liv- er diniase is invariably accompanied by hide-bound, in fact it is not too much to say that it is almost always a feature of anaemia, debility or un- thriftiness, whether these conditions arise. from disease, 'mismanagement, or neglect, Conversely, one of the most important signs of. health .in cattle, is good, rough coats, showing marks here and there of the animals licking themselves. The skin of a thriving animal should fill the hand when pinched up, wherea¥" the skin of a suffering or neglected beast will refuse to be drawn togéther. In horses, hide-bound may be a consequence of exposure, of poor or indifferent food, and of general ne- glect, while in stabled horses it*gen- erally arises either from improper feeding and neglect of grooming, or from the presence of worms or some chronic digestive derangement. ---------- A vigorous young male penned with a few old hens will, says a bouliry expert, result in more males thun females among the offspring It pullets dr young hens are bred to an old cock, more females than maleg will be hatched. The first three or four eggs that a duck lays in the early spring are gel- dom good for hatching and usually are sold or used for cooking. | The Latest Market Reports | LIVE STOCK MARKETS, Toronto. Toronto, March 31.--Receipts at the Union Stock Yards to-day were: 420 cattle, 35 calves, 1,139 hogs, 14 shedp. Se - Trade was steady,. with no mate- rial changes in prices. , Export cattle, choice, $7.25 to $8.50; butcher eattle, choice, $8 to $8.25, medium $7.50 to $8, common $7 to $7.50; butcher cows, choice, $6.75 to $7, medium $6.25 to $6.50, canners 3.50 to $4.25, bulls $5 to $7.25; feeding steers, $7 to $10.50; stockers, choice $6.75 to $7, light $6 to $6.50; milkers, choice, each, $60 to $100; springers, 60 to $100; sheep, ewes, $9 to $9.75; bucks and culls, $6 to $8; lambs, $11.50 to $13.25; hogs, fed and watered, $11; calves, $7 to $10.50. Montreal. Montreal, March 31.---Lots of good to choice steers sold at from $7.50 to $8.25, and the lower grades from that down to $5.50 to $6, while but- cher cows brought from $5.26 to $7, and bulls from $6 to $7.75. The feature of the trade in small meats was the good: demand for calves for both 1 consumption and for shipment to States poluts, al 3 - TArKet | Was active bu e feeling is easier with prices %c to lc per pound lower, sales of milk- "fed stock being made at 7c to 7c per pound. A few small lots of sheop sold at $7.60 to $8.60 and lambs at $11.75 to $12. The tone Of the market for hogs was firm with a good demand and sales of selected lots were made at $11.25 to $11.50, weighed off cars. © Chicago. Chicago, March 14.--Cattle: Re- ceipts 5,000. Market weak. Native beet steers; $7.60 to $9.90; stockers | roughs, $8.90 to $9.10; st to $7.50; sheep and lambs, receipts 1,600 head; active and prices un- changed. ------ GRAIN QUOTATIONS, ags, $6.50 Toronto, Toronto, March 31.~Manitoba Wheat--In store at Fort William, No. 1 northern, $1.11; do., No. 2, $1.08 %; do., No. 3, $1.06. Manitoba Oats--In store at Fort William, No. 2 C. W., 42 36¢; No..3 C.W., -40%c;' No. 1 extra feed, 40%c; No. 1 feed, 39%e¢. American ° gorn--No, 81%e¢, Canadian corn--Feed, 68¢ to 76c. Ontario wheat--No, 2 winter, per car lot, according to freight outside, $1 to $1.02; No. 1 commercial, 96¢ to 98¢; No. 2 commercial, 94c to 96¢c; No. 8 commercial, 91¢ to 92¢: feed wheat, 85¢to 87¢c, Ontario oats--No. 3 white, 43¢ to 44¢; commercial oats, 42¢ fo 43c. Peas--No, 2, nominal, per car 3 yellow, lot, $1.60, according to sample, $1 to 1.30. Barley--Malting, outside, 62¢ to 4c; do., No. 2 feed, 59¢ to 62¢. Buckwheat--Nominal, 68c to 69¢. No. 1 commercial, 86c to 3 rejected, 83c to 86c. anitoba flour--First patents, in jute bags, $6.50; do., seconds, $6; strong bakers', $5.80, in jute bags. Ontario flour--Winter, track, To- ronto, prompt shipment, according to sample, $3.95 to $4.05, in jute bags; bulk, seaboard, $4.10 to $4.20. Millfeed--Car lots, per ton, deliv- ered, Montreal freights: Bran, $35; shorts, $26; middlings $27; good feed flour, bag, $1.60 to $1.70. Winnipeg, March 31.--Wheat-- No. 1 northern, $1,10% ; No. 2 porth- lg $6 to $8.25; cows and \, - ore, Seas t0'$8.55; calves, $7.50 to $10. 30,000, dul, | Light, $0.20 to $87 9.80 to 6 $9. $9.70; rough, $9 $7.10 to $8.40; bulk of sales, $9.60 $940, © 8,000. Market us $8.50 to $9.15; , $9.75 to $11.00, S-- ¥ uty 20° 0051 | bo: 41%e¢; No, 3 C.W., 39%; ex- 0. 1 feed, 39%¢; No. 1 feed, 38%c; No. 2 feed, 37%ec. Barley-- ble; feed, 51c. Flax--No. 1 N.W. C., $1.92%; No. 2 C.W., $1.89%. Chicago. i Chicago, March 31.--Wheat--No. 2 ved and No. 3 red, nominal; No. 2 hard, $1.14%; No. 3 hard, $1.09 to $1.12. Corn--No. 2 yellow, nomi- nal; No. 4 yellow, 69% ¢ to Tle; No. 4 white, 69¢ to 69%¢c. Oats--No, 3 =] ©, 42¢ to 43¢; standard, 44c. Rye, wliite ; ---No.: 2, nominal; No. 3, 93c. ley--60¢_to 74c. Timothy--3$4.50 {to 88. ~ Clover--s rd 8.50. Pork 1 $1 + > dg | Germany . . 8, 59¢; No. 4, 64%ec; rejected, |§ THE USE OF FERTILIZERS. ne Brne. China, which is regarded as being backward dn agriculture, uses more fertilizer than Canada, according to figures compiled in 1914, using over 46,000 metric tons, against our 32,- 000 tons. A - Does Canada need fertilizers? A well as does she need rain. Where the land is not supplied in 'one way or anpther with fertility crops are bound to exhaust it. Systems of farming vary, zer, The following figures show the number of pounds per acre used in some countries: pounds per acre 220.37 180.22 150.56 174.87 1965.39 82.08 77.62 51.75 50.86 47.29 .47.29 50.86 49.017 42.83 2.36 0.07 0.75 Belgium . . . Luxemburg Dutch East Indies Mauritius . . . Great Britain ,.. Southern States . Frante . ... ,.:. Denmark .... J... 0 ive Sweden -. .. , ...... 000. Switzerland . ... ... Hay... .5 00.0. Australia . . JADER . . .. Naess Central States . . Bulgaria . . . . Servia. .... Hints. For Poultry Keepers | Set on dummy eggs for a few days before putting the good eggs under ber, 'While she is en the dummy eggs watch her habits closely. Re- member, every hen is not a good set- ter, . Dust the setting hen with some this line will save lots of trouble lat- er. well to put some fresh.garth in the bottom of the nest. " Do not attempt to put too many eggs under a hen. There are small hens and large ones, and the poultry- man must use judgment as to the number of eggs the various hens can cover properly. There is always a temptation to add a few more. Remember the setting hens need grit same as the other fowls. Do not overcrowd the brooders. Some manufacturers overestimate the capacity of such devices. A lit- tle common sense us>d in this direc- tion will save many a chick. "bator until you are sure the machine is properly regulated. But the best commercial chick feed for the babies. Cheap feed ts the dearest in the lor g run. Many chicks die for want of the feeding. PA Ar pi pi (--$21.50 to § ! Ribg-- 99 78 22.75. Lard--$11.22, $11.50 to $11.95. Minneapolis Minneapolis, March 31.--Wheat-- May, $1.14 1-4 to $1.14 3-8; July, $1.14 1-4; No, 1 hard, $1.19 3-8; No. 1 northern $1.14 7-8 to $1.17 3-8; No. 2.northern, $1.11 3-8 to $1.14 3:8. [Corn--No. 3 yellow, 73¢ to T4e. Oats--No. 3 white, 41¢ to 41 1-2¢, Flour--Fancy patents,- 10¢ higher; quoted at $6.35; first and secured clears unchanged. Shipments, 61,- 371 barrels. Bran--$18 to $18.50. : Duluth, Duluth, Mareh 31.--Wheat--No. hard, $1.16 3-8; No. 1 northern, $1.13 7-8 to $1.15 3-8; No. 2 north- ern, $1.09°3-8 to $1.13 3.8; Liverpool, March 31. -- Wheat -- Spot, steady; No. 1 Manitoba, 13s 7d; No. 2 hard winter, gulf, 11s 5d; No. 2 hard winter, choice, 13s 14d; No. 2 red western winter, 11g 9d; northern. Chicago, 13s 9d; No. 1 durum, no stock; No. 1 Duluth, ~hard, 14s. Corn -- Spot, quiet; American mixed, new, 10s 5d. Flour ~--Winter patents, 46s 6d. Hops in London (Pacific coast)--£4 15s to £5 15s, GENERAL TRADE. 'The prices paid for produce at On tario points are thus: Butter--Belleville, 30¢ to 33¢ per pound; Berlin, 30c to 32¢; Brantford 33¢ to 34c; Chatham, 33c to 35¢; London, 31¢ to 34c; Owen Sound, 28¢c to 30c;" Peterboro, 33¢ to 35¢; St. Thomas, 34c to 36¢; and Strat- ford, 31c to 34c. Eggs--Belleville, 23¢ to 25e per dozen; Berlin, 26¢ to 27c; Brantford 26c to 27¢; Chatham, 21c¢ to 25e¢; London, 21¢ to 26¢c; Owen Sound, 2lc to 22¢; Peterboro, 24c to 25¢; St. Thomas, 25¢ to 26¢; and Strat ford, 24¢ to 26c. : Spring chickens-- Belleville, 1%¢ to 22¢ per 1b.; Berlin, 20¢ to 22¢; Brantford, 17¢ to 18¢: Peterboro, 23¢; St. Thomas, 15¢ to 20c; and Stratford, 18¢ to 19¢: 3 Potatoes-- Belleville, $1.35 to $1.- 40 per bushel; Berlin, $1.50; Brant- ford, $1.70; Owen Sound, $1; Pe boro, $1.80; St. Thomas, and Stratford, $2 to Wheat--BeHeville, 90¢ per bushel; Berlin, 95¢; Brantford, 95; Chatham 85¢ to 95¢; London, 85¢; Owen Sound, 92¢ to 95¢; Peterboro, 95¢ to $1; St. Thomas, 85c to 90c¢; and Stratford, 95c. Belleville,, 40¢ to 43¢ bushel; Berlin, 40c¢ to 42¢; Brant- ford, 45e; Chathgm, 356 to 37c; Owen Sound, 41c to 42¢; Peterboro, Stratford, 53; St. Thomas, 38c; and per and | make a varying demand for fertili- It is advisable to let the "cluck" | good lice powder before putting her | on the job. A little prevention along If hens are set in a dry place it is | Do not put the eggs into the.incu- | proper | ee teen etic Get the incubators ready. They should be started next month. If a calf begins to scour cut down the rations by a half at least. Draughts in the poultry house are the chief cause of colds in. hens, See that the milk from which the calf is fed is kept scrupulously clean, Give the hens some meag scraps if you would avoid the feather eat- ing habit. Dailiy exercise will help to fit hor- Ses for their share of the work of the coming season. . A little exercise every day, save | in stormy weather, is a good thing | for all classes of stock. I Oyster shell provides shell making material for the hens and so pre- vents soft-ghelled eggs. Equal parts of sulphur and salt | are recommended as a treatment for | ticks on sheep and lice on cattle. The cultivated area of the United Kingdom has declined by one million acres between 1900 and 1913. A little linseed meal should be added to the skith milk fed calves. | Not over a teaspoonful should be | added at the start, : | Poultry is one of the most profit- able side lines on the farm, and, the work being light, the women and children can look after it. { In feeding ensilage to horses, It | will be found a wise thing to mix it | with cut straw or chaff. Six pounds {a day to a full-grown horse is am- | ple. A lot of annoyance and waste of | time will be avoided by looking over | Implements and harness and seeing | that everything is ready for spring work, A little linseed meal added to the grain ration is a good thing for all | classes of live stock: It helps to keep the bowels right and the coat sleek. " Protect the young fruit trees eitlrer by tramping the snow around |-the trunks or by wrapping them up { fifteen to eighteen inches with build- ing paper. A good meal mixture for pregnant ewes consists of oats, two parts; | bran, one part i pg oil cake or | peas one part. Hal¥ a pound per day is about right. { On a purely breeding farm, where | eggs are not the sole consideration, { hens may well be kept until the | fourth season, and will breed some of the best of stock. | In the past 20 years at Smithfield | Show, the Angus have won ten cham- | plonships, as compared with six for the Shorthorns, two for Herefords, and two for Crossbreds, | | | "Almost every farmer in our sec- | tion has a silo now," said .G. C.. Cas- ton, Craighurst, "Me at the silo 20 years ago say they would not be without it to-day. | The farmer with only a few ani- | mals can hardly afford to keep pure- | bred males. Yet he cannot afford "to use scrubs. One solution of the prob- | lem is for several neighbors to club | together 'and secure the pure-bred sires needed, | Oil meal is not as rich in prote n who scoffed in ---- omen, to. 66e; Owen Sound, " 56c to 58¢; 'Peterboro, b6e¢; St. Thomas, 58¢; and Stratford, 45¢ to 52¢. . Hay---Belleville-- baled $18 $18.50, loose $17 to $18; Berlin baled $18 toy$19.50, loose $17 to $18; Brantford-- baled $13 to $16, loose $12 to $17: Chatham--1loose $14; London--Ilooge $15 to $16; Owen Sound--baled $17.50 to $18, loose $14; Peteitboro --baled $20 to $22, loose $20; St. Thomas-- baled $18 to $20, loose $15 to $16; and Stratford-- baled $13 to $15. Cheese At Montreal, Cheese at Montreal is still steady, as follows: Finest Western Ontario cheese, 183% c to 19¢; with Eastern Townships 'at 18% c to 18%e¢; fine cheese is selling at 173% c to 18¢ per pound; and undergrades at 17T%cto 17 %e. Poultry At Montreal, No change is 'quoted at Montreal in dressed poultry after the readjust- ment in prices noted last week. Pri. ces are steady, as follows: Turkeys, choice, per pound, 27¢ to 28¢; tur- keys, ordinary, per pound, 26e to 26¢; chickens, 22¢ to 24c; geese, 17¢ to 18¢; fowl, 18¢ to 19¢; ducks, 19¢ to 20¢. --------n Seeds At Toronto. Red clover, No. 1, $16.15 to $17; No. 2, $15; No. 3, $13.50; alsike, No. 1, $12.50 to $14; No. 2, $11; No. 3. $9 to $10; alfalfa, Montana northern grown, $18 per bushel; Ontario var- iegated, No. 1, $25; No. 3 (No. 2 for purity), $21; Lymann's or Alberta Grimm, 76¢ per Ib; 'timothy, No. 1, $5.50 to $8; No, 2, $5.85; No. 2 (extra No. 1 for purity), $5.65; and No. 3, $4.75. > New York Hay Prices. . Timothy hay prices at New York are unchanged: Prime timothy hay sells from $1.40 to $1.45 per 100 Ibs.; No. 1, $1.35 to $1.40; No. 2, $1.25 to $1.30; No. 3, $1.05 to §1.- 15; clover, 95¢ to $1.20; rye straw, 70¢ to 721c per 100 1bs., according to quality. Mill Feeds At Toronto. Mill feeds are up $1 per ton oun the Toronto market, selling: Bran, $25 per ton; shorts, $26; middilngs, $27, and good feed flour, bag, is un- changed, at $1.60 to $1.70. In spite of the fact that Ontario Wheat flour dropped 5c to 10¢ last week, and 10c to 15c per bag this week, millfeeds are chalked up $1 this week, z i -- Alas for the intellect when the un- derstanding is limited only by the size, of the feet! ley--Belleville, 60 to 5c b ; Berlin, rantford, $2 62¢; Bran y §2¢ noghing.s Some people are willing to be good ¥ paid for it, and others are good for > : other properties erence. This ig there are no roots Winter wel lings. summer's pasture, but purpose, 000 acres in the Ontario in 1914. the acreage in pa During 1914 th of 152,000 in th in Ontario, te number er cattle, four to eight weeks' res feeding before her next ft fum-sized comb, fairly particular, heavy werk. ed below zero. give you particulars of trees. 1 to young stock growing 'and Succulent feed is essential as cottonseed meal, but it confains which give it 2 pref- especially true to feed. 1 the calves ang year- Don't lose gains from Keep for th There was an increase of only 8,- area in field crops in On the other hand sture increased by 182,000 acres. There will be a fur- ther increase in pastures this year. €re was an increase e number of swine an increase of 23,000 in of horses and a decrease of 74,000 in sheep and lambs, 26,- 000 in milch cows and 1,000 in oth- The cow which is thin when ¢aly- ing has a poor chance to make the greatest profits, if any profits at all. The persistent milking cow A horse which has beeh idle dur- ing thé winter months cannot be ex- pected to suddenly start hard spring work without preparation. the work horses in the barnyard and gradually change to light and then ixercise In the O0.A.C., poultry houses, with the open wire front, hens have laid freely when the thermometer mark- Prof. Graham will their ' con- struction. A house capable of hold- ing 100 Rocks can be built for $75. Some prominent fruit growers ad- vise leaving a strip of sod five feet on either side of the rows of apple This practice, it ig claimed, gives better color to the fruit with- | out noticeably diminishing the size, | and is besides a great saver of labor. To Stop Toe Picking. When chicks start picking toes un- til they bleed and the ones picked | die from hemorrhage or exhaustion, | the only remedy is to remove each picked chick, dip the toe in tincture | of lodine, and.isolate until the smell of blood has disappeared. Some years | this habit is worse than others. { fencing. 'Overheard. The scraps of conversation u catch as you pass along interesting. yo | street are often | instance: "I've been whited sepulch | the new cook.' | ' ! "War or no war, there are | two pints to a quart.' i "And, my dear, that A. B. C. fell | out of one of the Zeppelins.,""--Ref- | eree. raw meat, ground bone or raw fish can be obtained it should be fed. The chick. is usually injured in the first place. by catching its foot in wire t living the life of a re Tor fear of losing last the thrifty needs t and good | reshening. The great laying Leghorns small to medium sized, have a med- lengthy back, a rather heawy_tail, standing almost upright, a fine, neat head, and medium fine leg bones. The show Leghorn is opposed in almost every are that For it | rs tae is | influences egg producti (the breast another and bones to the back poin on kneel bone. ually conform to this begin to lay. | Shape assists, there without missing a day ful garden of flowers a ing will wash most but not all of it. middle of the day, w the garden #» other layer of dust. coarse granulated sor £4 will keep the salt m A plentiful supply of grass and weeds from making them unsight he to a garden, Nothi soil. The use of salt less. In France salt has valuable for this that | on the highways. On ing the best products, is possible to trap-nest for at least thirty days, much can be told of a hen's value as an egg producer by the rhythm of egg production. number of eggs produced by a hen of Hen Influence Production? | Whether the shape of a hen's body on or egg pro- duction influences her shape, or both, We cannot say, yet we do see that good egg producers have triangular shaped bodies in the form of a wedge the back being one of the triangle, the third side being the distance from the pelvic t of the breast It matters little whether shape in- fluences egg production or egg pro- duction influences shape, for the fact remains that the hens which producing large numbers of eggs us- are wedge shape, and we believe that something can be t8ld of pullets even before they fore, in select- but where it The is called a cy- cle. The number of eggs in each cy- cle tells whether the egg organs have the ability to produce eggs rapidly, DB BB BeBe Geren Sait Your Garden. | Many times in midsummer we seé what would be an otherwise beauti- nd shrubs mar- red and made unattractive because the foliage is covered with dust. Even the flowers deem to droop in shame of so much dust about them. Watering at night and in the morn of this away, Again, during the hen everything is hot and dusty, and when we like more than at any other time to see greenness, the cool greon effect is spoiled by an- All this may be avoided by the plentiful use of common salt, the t. Sprinkle this salt over your garden paths, taking care not to allow it to. fall unevently along the borders. Afte cations it will be found that no dust can rise through the salt, little moisture there is in the ground a few appli- What oist enough to prevent dust from arising through it. the salt on the edges of the paths will prevent the growing in and ly. Brick, cement and other artificial- ly-covered paths do not add beauty ng is in better keeping with a garden than clean- bordered paths of semi-hard natural will keep such paths smooth and practically dust- been found so it is even nsed such roads and and the frequency with which these cycles are repeated tells whether the hen has a constitution which will stand up under the strain of heavy egg production, In other words, the number of eggs to the cycle tells the hen's breeding and repeating the cy- cles tells of the constitution. If a hen lays four or more eggs to the cycle and repeats the cycles with only one or two days missed, she isa good hen. If a hen lays three or less eggs to the cycle and misses two or more days between cycles, she is of little or no value as an egg producer. The hen which lays twenty or thir- ty eggs in on® cycle, then misses ten or fifteen days, should be classed with the hen which lays regularly but tlays only one or two eggs to the cy- cle. The first has well-develoyed egg organs with a weak genstitution, while the second has a strong consti- tution and weak egg organs, This method of selection is of va- lue where the hens are trap-nested for only two or three months during the breeding season, or if a hen has been trap-nested during the breeding season and should get killed, the rhythm of egg production would give an idea of the value of the offspring. A A inti Streets as areifrequently broken by flagstone crossings or have street car tracks, a tar covering cannot he us- ed, as it caniiot be spread over'the flags nor over the tracks. On such Streets great quantities of salt have been placed, with the result, that these streets are practically dust. less, even more dustless than tar- covered macadamized roads. Another advantage is that the salt can be watered freely without in- Jury, as it adheres to the soil, and only a very small quantity of it dis- solves, RENNET SUPPLY. It is probable that cheage makers in Canada will have to resort to the old-time practice of preparing ren- net from the stomachs of calves slaughtered in their own locality, as the supply of these, from which the extract of rennet used in the manu- faoture of cheese.is obtained, has for years been'secured from central Eu- ropean countries with which the Em- pire is now at war, . The Dairy Division has issued a circular giving' instructions for sav- ing calves' stomachs, and for prepar- ation of rennet extract by the cheese- maker. The cost of rennet prepared in accordance with these instructions will be about half the present cost of rennet extract. There are many good breeds of poultry. Study them all carefully before making the selection, and then select the one which you fancy most, and which will answer your particular purpose the best. Pruning should be under way next month, Some men with large or- chards started a month ago. Kingston Markets Eggs, fresh, doz. . Beets, bush. .....$§ Cabbage, doz. .... Carrot, bush. Meats Beef, local ca rease, 1b 10 11 15 Beef, hinds, Ib. .. Beef, cuts, Ib.... Beef, western, carcase, 1b. .,., Hogs, live, ewt. .. . Hogs) dressed, cwt. Lamb, spring, - by carcase, lb. Mutton, carcase,lb. Veal,by carcase, 1b, Veal, 1b, 12 Bloaters, dos . Clscoes, 1b. '.... Cad, steak, 1b. ... Eels, 1b, . . Finnan haddie, 1b. Haddock, fresh, 1b. Haddock, frozen, 1b Halibut, fresh, Ib. Herring, fresh salt water, doz. Kippers, dos. Mackerel, 1b, . Oysters, qt. ..... Oysters, shell, doz. Perch, 1b. "on "en Trout. salmon. 1b. White fish, Ib, $4 Grapefruit, each . Grapes, Malaga, 1b. Lemons, - Messina, dod. .......... Nuts mized, 1b. .. Oranges, doz. .... Potatoes, sweet; Ib. Spy apples, bbl. . Tomatoes, 1b_.... + ---- Chickens, d > ressed Chickens, live, 1h. Hens, dressed, 1b, Hens, live, 1b. ... Turkeys, 1b. .... Butter, creamery,1b Butter, relis 1b ,. Cheese, 1b, ...,.. Eggs, cooking,doz. Dairy Prodnets Kingston, April 1st. 11 12 23 13 10 25 15 00 Celery, bunch Potatoes, bag .... Potatoes, bush. .. Parsnips, bush. Onions, bush, .... Turnips, bag .... Barley, bush. ....$ Bran, ton # Buckwheat, bush. . Corn, cracked, cwt. Corn, meal, cwt. .. Corn, yellow feed, bush. ane Flour, ewt. ...... Hay, Waled, ton . Hay, loose, ton Oats, local, bush. . Oats, Man., bush, Straw, baled, ton. . Straw, loose, ton . Wheat, local, bush Below are the of the articles quoted, Ltd., for dealers: Beef hides, trimmed, Beeswax, clear, 1b: .. Deacons Foxes, No. 1 red .. Ginseng, wild, 1b, Horse hides, No. 1 Muskrats, spring .. Mink . Raccoon, No. 1, prim Sheep skins, fresh Skunk, Tallow, rendered, 1b. Veal Skips, Ib. ...... George Mills & Co. Do. medium Do. small Red fox, large ....$ Do. medium :).. Do. small . 7... Mink, large". . Do. medium Do. small M'krats,spring, 'large Do. medium * Do. small ' M'krats, winter, large Do. medium Do. small Raccoon, large .... ~ Do: medium .. Do. small ...... Skunk, black ..... DoSshort stripe . . Do. narrow stripe. Do. broad stripe . Weasel, large ..... 30 Vegetables. 40 . 05 Grain. 20 00 .. 1800 .e Furg and Hides, ruling market .|prices for hides, skins and raw furs. These prices represent the full value and have been approved as correct by John McKay, Ib ..... 14¢ e large .$2.50 $2.50 50¢ to $2.00 va 6c 16e are paying the following for raw furs: -- Bear, farge ....... 18.00 to 22.00 . 12.00 to 15.00 7.00 to 10.00 7.00to § 8.00 00to 6.00 . 4.00 5.00 3.50 2.00 .50 .40 .25 40 15 meemmny Do. Do. 25 Cubs According to size Wolfe, large ...... 3.60t0 4.00 Do. small 1.25t0 1.50 Do. medium 200to 2.25 medium small 60 Dangerous Knowledge. On the Exchange Flags, Liverpool, a little knot of people was gathered, gazing at two particular points of light that were visible above the ad- jacent chimney-tops, and interested arrivals were impressively informed, on inquiry, that the objects of popu- lar interest were British airships guarding the port. Two men, who were late arrivals, shared the inter- esting news; then one exclaimed te the other: "Heavens alive, they've taken Ve- nus and Jupiter for airships!" "I know," was .the quiet response, "but don't say it out loud. We don't want to be mobbed for pro-Ger- mans! "--Manchester Guardian, ------------ Looking For the Dog. A visitor to a small country town lost his dog, an animal which he priged very much. Rushing to the office of the local newspaper, he handed in an adver- tisement, offering fifty dollars reward for the return of his dog. Half an hour later he thought he would add to his advertisement the words: "No questions asked." So he hurried off to the office again. Wheh he got there the place was empty save for a small boy, who look- ed very sulky. "Where's the staff?" asked the tourist, glancing round the deserted room. "Out looking for your dog!" was . the aggrieved retort. Knees Versus Feet. The New York Scottish American Journal blames this one on - John Ross Robeftson: "Mr.John Ross Rob- ertson, owner of the Toronto Tele-" gram, is an old-time reporter, and as such has his eye open for good sto- ries. He nailed one on the street car the other day. A soldier in kilts was sitting opposite a man in civilian attire, who observed that his knees must be very cold in the keen wea- ther prevailing. "Not half so cold as your feet," was the sharp rejoin- der." Silly Game, Two Irish women were passing the home of a bishop one day when 3 happened to observe him in practising putting. that darlin'. Just see that ! man playing with that little ball with the innocence of a little child." "Yes; - but Mrs. McCleary, didn't you notice that that was a Protestant bishop?" "You don't say so? the old fool! Now, wouldn't you think he'd