New And _ALPALFA 18 A BOON, 70 THE "DAIRY INDUSTRY. Five Tons" Per Acre is a Normal] Yield--S8Some Marvellous Yields in| the Westérn States. Perhaps, says an American writer, | no greater boon has ever come to the | farmers of America than the intro-| duction of alfalfa. This wonder- Morking fodder plant promises -play a prominent part in putting .agriculture on a sounder basis, It ig more than a mortgage lifter; it has transformed lands which had been considered almost worthless into paying properties It id that to 8 Bald in California twenty acres of alfalfa will support twenty cows the year round, if properly hM\pdled, and a larger acreage in the same propotr- tion. introduced into the opposite ends of the United States from two different sources, It was brought to New York before the be ginning of the last century and then, about 1854, alfalfa found its way into the west from Chili and its coming mark- ed a new era for the agriculturists of the Western States. Its speed was exceedingly rapid after is merits had been recognized. In Kansas, for ex- ample, in 1891, but 34,824 acres were reporfted. In 1906 there were 640,813 acres; two counties had a combined acreage of nearly 70,000. A normal yield of alfalfa is about five tons, but it often runs more, Six to nine cuttings are not unusual in California, and in Oklahoma, without irrigation, ag many as nine cuttings have been made In a season. Such fodder crops were nevér knowp be- fore the advent of alfalfa, and heavy cuttings like this are a wonderful thing for sheep and cattle growers Sheep, cows, horses and poultry thrive on it. An Illinois farmer re- cently built a mammoth sheep barn right in the midst of the Elgin dairy district and has made the centre of the building from the ground up a huge*storage Bin for alfalfa hay. The bin has a capacity of 600 tons and the sheep occupy broad runWays around it, Alfalfa hay has come to' be such an important factor in live stock raising that it is shipped extensively in bales to markets as far away as Hawaii and Alaska. Much more of . the hay is ground into meal or cut into emall pieces, ' for. then it is economically transported and easily handled in small lots. It is made large use of in feeding poultry, as well as for balancing the rations of cattle and horses. In some sections the weather conditions are not fav- orable for curing the first and last cuttings and they make excellent en- silage. It should not be though, that alfalfa is gj was understood, ~£F0p_ that ) eful prép- + Quite' the contraky is true. It Is a tender plant for the\first year or two and easily killed oud by the competitibn of grass and weeds. The soll must be worked well and given repeated cuitivations, In many sec- ~ | tin | | faifa is by no means a . \ It is a curious fact that the plant of the east an application of Once established, ! is worth #11 tions ne is necessary. ough, a field of alfalfa e trouble and expense necess: order to get it properly started : t is an interesting fact that al-, new fodder rop. Jn point of fact, it has been known and valued for .at least 2,000 years, although it comes to many American farmers even to-day as omething of a novelty It has been cultivated for many centuries in Kurope, and is well known 40 South America, where it was probably in- troduced from Mexico, having been taken to that country-by the early Spanish' discoverers or settlers. It came to the American farmer, how- ever, at a time when it was greatly needed. It has plaved a wonderful part in the upbuilding of western agrictulture and promises to make possible the continued production of ! milk in the east at a price which is not prohibitive to people of little means. 2 t -- -- ? | f 3 > For the Farmer Boy. How to keep the boy on the farm? The white lights of the city are al ways big attractions for the boy brought up on the farm, and his school education still further draws him cityward. Still there are many things occurring which are helping the farmer to make it easier for him to keep the boy at home, The elec: tric roads, the rural route, the daily) newspaper, the automobile and other. agencies at work are bringing the country nearer the city, and making life on the farm in some Ways pre- ferable to city life The question arises, does the farmer sufficiently encourage the boy to stay at home? Are 'the prospects held out to him bright enough to keep him on the farm? One of the UU, 8. agricultural jour- nals, the Farm and Fireside, tells a story that is worth repeating and for the farmer fo take to heart: Last spring, a year ago, a 1f-year- old neighbor boy was given. 10 cents by his grandmother. He purchased a packet of good cucumber seed with his money and grew a nice patch of cucumbers for the local village mar- ket. His crop of cucumbers brought him a little more than $6 in money, | all of which his mother allowed him to keep and spend as he pleased, With $1 of his money the boy pur-| chased a few little things for himself, | and with the other $5 he purchased | a ewe lamb. By this spring his ewe | Jamb had grown) into a mature mot-' her sheep, and she gave girth to two' lambs. So now the boy has three | sheep from his investment. The | mother sheep ig now worth $10, ard | the lambs are worth $5 each, making | a total value of $20 he has earned with his 10 cents in a year and a half. Besides he sold the wool this] spring from the mother sheep for | 2,45, which he has placed in the] savings bankas the. beginning of a bank account of his own. This ten cents was a small matter. But its results may shape the whole course of the boy's life. It is not unusual, we are told, for a farmer to The Latest Market Reports LIVE STOCK MARKET. vif Sew Toronto. _Poronto, Sept. 22---Receipts of live stock at the Union Stock Yards to-day were 145 cattle, 172 calves, 2,805 hogs, 3,335 sheep and lambs. Trade was active. Prices were as follows: -- Butcher cattle--Choice, $7.50 to $7.90; medium, $6.75 to $7.16; com- mon, $5 to $6. Butcher cows--Choice, $6.70; medium, $550 to ners, $3.50 to $4.50; bulls, $5 to $7.60, : Feeding steers, $6.25 to $6.76; , stockers, choice, $6 to $6.50; light, $6 to $8; choice milkers, $60 to $95 each; springers, $60 to $95. Sheep--Ewes, $7 to $8; bucks.and culls, $4 to #5; lambs, $10.50 te $11, $6.20 to $6; can es, $5 to $12. - Calv Chicago. Chicago, Sept. 22.--Cattle--Re- ceipts, 22,000 head; market weak. Native beef cattle, $6.50 to $11.20; western steors, 8.00. to $9.25; stockers and feeders, $4.60 to $7.65; cows and heifers, $3.60 to $9.20; calves, $8.75 to $13.25. Hogs-----Receipts, 25,000 head; market slow, S¢ lower, Light, $10.20 to $11.40; mixed, $10.00 to $11.50; heavy, $9.95 to $11.40; rough, $9.05 to $10.20; pigs, $7.00 to $9.75; bulk of sales, $10.45 to $11.35, Sheep and lambs---Receipts, 27,- 000 head: market steady.. Wethers, $6.75 to $8.50; native lambs, $6.75 to $10.90. : Buffalo. East Buffalo, Sept. 22. Cattle, receipts 150, steady. Veals, receipts, 10 'receipts, 2.500; active; , $11.60 to $11.60; mixed, 1.40 to $11.60; yorkers, $11.25 to 1.80; light yorkers, $10.25 to 10; pigs, $975 to $10.00; 8, $9.75 to $10.00; stags, $7.00 Sheep and lambs--Receipts, 2,- 00; sheep aetive: lambs slow; to $6.50 to $11.35; yearlings, 9.256; wethers, | ---- " ' (Montreal Star) One thing about prohibition in On- ; the 'people of that prov- won't have any of those territy- $3.00 to $7 20 at 4 o 35; h $8.00, Sheep 3 GRAIN QUOTATIONS, Toronto. Toronto, Sept. 22. -- Manitoba wheat, track, bay ports--No. 1 nor- thern, $1.67%; No. 2, $1.656%; No. 3, $1.63; No. 4, $1.57; Old Crop, 2¢ above new, Manitoba oats--No. 2 C. 'W,, 68% ¢; No. 3, 57%e; No. 1. extra feed, 57%c; No. 1 feed, 563%c. American corn--No. 2, nominal: No. 3, track, Toronto, 94c. Ontario oats--No. 2 white, 52¢ to 64c; No. 3, white, blc to 53c. Ontario wheat--No,'1 commercial $1.25 to $1.28; No. 2 commercial, $1.21 to $1.24; No. 3 commercial, $1.17 to $1.20; feed, 98c to $1; No. 2, new crop, $1.33 to $1.35. Peas--No, 2, nominal,' car lots, $2 to $2.10. Barley-- Good maltin feed barley, 80c to 82¢. , Buckwheat--Nominal, 80¢ to 82¢, Rye---No. 1 commercial, nominal; No. 2 new, $1.13 to $1.15. Manitoba flour--First patents, in jute bags, $8.60; second patents, in jute, $8.10; strong bakers, in jute, $7.90, orn. Ontario flowr, new---Winter, $6.25 in bags, track, Toronto, prompt ship- ment, seaboard, in bulk, $6.25. Millfeed--Car lots, delivered Mon- treal; shorts, $29; bran, $26; good feed flour, per bag, $2.25; middlings, $30. Hay---Baled, No. 1, track, Toron- to; best grade new hay, car lots, $10 to §12; No. 2, $9 to $9.50; straw, $6 to $7. - g, 34c to 37¢; Montreal, Montreal, Sept. 22.--The export trade' in grain was dull, and the local market was also quieter, but the feeling in oats was stronger, and prices advan 1%c per bushel. There was demand for Mani- toba barley, and sales of 60,000 bushels were made at 92% c for No. 4, and at 86¢ for feed, cif. here. Two cars of No. 3 American yellow corn sold at 96¢ track, and several cars of feed wheat at $1.18, Winnipeg. z Winnipeg, Sept. 22.--Whe No. 1 northern, $1.58%; No. ' 563%; No.8 do. $1.53%: No. 4, No. 5, $1.39%; Nb. 8, 3 feed, $1.05%. Oats--No. W., §1%e¢; No. 1 feed, os fond 6h > iN 2 le; $1.24 o an i ie Scaring up the THE D ¥ ~The Seed seeds this vear for two refisons: cent year (2) alsike, and even in that line condi Thig, in brief, was the opinic ed to the Toronto Globe by a re naturally be expected is what is r bloom could be seen everywhere i meadows were left to ripen seed; : i in masses all over the provin yielding well, too, and in both re weeds in this crop. than those ruling of late years 1 consider artificial, and I shall b to top price, save for fancy samp! . give his son a pig or a calf or a sheep and perhaps a colt, but the boy has a rude awakening when he comes from gchool one day to make the discovery that hig property is missing. Father has sold it in his absence and po¢k-| eted the proceeds as a matter of course. We suspect, says an author- fty, that there are many boys now with heads sprinkled with gray who "I.look for heavy productions in all Hnes of grass and clover vill tend to induce growers to save all the seed possible; the season has been favorable to large yieldsy save possibly in Timothy, where clean, ought to grade well, but there are a lot of "As for prices, T have ho doubt tion unusually large this is inevitable. too early yet to speak for red el will be below last year's level may be takewy for granted." Situation ation. (1) The high level in prices ip re- tions have been fair." m of the seed situation as express- cognized authority. "What wduld eally occurring," he said. "Alsike n early summer; a lot of Timothy" brown, teps of red clover are show- ce, The red clover appears to be 1 and alsike the color is excellent, - that quotations will be lower With outlet limited and produe- Present quotations in alsike e surprised if $7.50 does not prove es, for the bulk of the crop: "Ts lpver, but that prices in this line * Diseases--Remedy | o |} f i And Prevention | + Dampness must be avoided. Idlenéss is a disease breeder, Too much raw meat will produce Sg: AILY BRITISH WHIG, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1016. _ therefore, ought to make good eat- ing, Sulphate gf iron is a blood/ tonie, | WORLD'S WHEAT as well as an effectual remedy against | CROP AND HIGH PRICES {the small. round worms frequently | {discovered in the intestines of the | bus | birds. During molt iron in the drink- {ing water assists the shedding and |' Erowitg of feathers, besides helping | m | to increase the density of color of the | e | plumage. Iron sulphate should not| | be -given in too concentrated a solu-| pn Russia, { tion, as it has a tendency 'to produce | will be released. But, if no allow- (indigestion, anemia and other |gnce bé made for Russia's suvplies, | troubles. 2 . | the argumgnts in favor of higher j= Cleaning out he houses several prices are leven stronger now than {times a week will not only give 2 they were two weeks agd, for late | pure\air, but it will greatly help 'D news indicates a greater shortage killing disease germs. | here than was ghown by the govern- RE ment's August report. - According to that statement we | | New York Times. s . Prices have fallen because Ru- ania has gone into the war. It is Xpected that as a result of her action locked up for two years, A St p------ | | | CHOPPED STUFF, is | '{ DAIRY PRODUCTS the great exportable surplus of wheat ! allowance for reserves | ARE TOO DEAR lies Peterboro Examiner, . What is the matter with Canada as an agricultural country? We boast of our uncountable acres of fertile sil. We have millions under cultiva- tion, or so-called cultivation, and we have the area of a continent that has not felt the touch of the plough. Yet "we have scarcity, and if not |famine, we have famine prices of | staple products of the farm. In Mon- treal they have butter at 42 ts to 44 cents per pound, and in Peta sboro we are steadily climbing wards that figure. Canada by no means produces emough butter for home needs. While we export but- ter, we also import it, the next thing in illogical absurdity to importing farm land. In 1915 we exported 2,724,943 pounds of buttér, of a value of $638,625. Against this, however, we Imported 6,769,409 pounds, of the value of $1,673,717. We not only imported three million pounds more than we sold, but had to pay on our importation a duty of 4 cents per pound, or $182,000 in added cost, put on by the tariff fence. We imported in fact more than a million dollars' worth of butter be- yond the total product of the coun~ try. Iu Europe, the people are com- | pelled to use artificial substitutes for | butter, such as margarine and cocoa butter. It seems monstrous that with a population of only two per- sons to the square mile, we cannot grow enough of two staple articles of food to feed ourselves. Our fail- ta} | Strat can recall experiences of this kind. It is no wonder that so many young- sters have beeome discouraged just at a time when they stood at the forks of the highway of life, worms Filth will propagate sickness. Warmth, exercise, appetite and {room are cardinal points in maintain- ing health A variety of food will prevent many World's Wheat, Oats and Barley: |cases of bowel troubles. The wheat harvest in India for this Seb that the nostrils are clean be- year, like that of the United States fore giving liquid medicine. and Canada, is considerably behind | Filthy drinking vessels breed dis- the record of 1915 The same is|ease germs. true of Italy, Svaim, Jgves, Tunis |" yngigestion shows ifself in a dark And Switzerland, the aggregate short comb. age s all th jes i 25 | Br ont aa coment ih | Excessive heat is fatal to overfat "But," as the International Institute | NS: : of Agriculture points out, "the crops| A good tonic is made by plaging of 1915 having been exceptionally | rusty iron in the drinking water ves abundant, comparison must not be!Sel --_-- made with that season only, butt For diarrhea, boil rice to a gummy rather with the average of several mass and feed by itself for a few years, such as 1909 to 1913. By | days, adopting this plan it is clear that the| When a hen throws back her head, resources of these grain-growing| ono kes and twists, and seems pros- countries will, in 1916, prove Very | trated, she is suffering from vertigo, nearly equivalent to those of normal a rush of blood to the head. Remove seasons, unless important modifica- |, separate quarters, semi-dark and jions Secur Jater ith the Sifect Of | teed light, nutritious food. reducing considerably current esti-! > , i mates." In both oats and barley the | When fowls become Jame. first oH yield is over the average of 1909-13, |0ne leg and then in both, it is caused : iby some liver trouble. Sometimes as well as Canada the |the birds at the same time become shortage of farm help is causing an | very light. There is no cure. i Te increase in weed growth. And, as, vent by not feefling pepper or spices, The Farmer and Stock Breeder points | NOt too heavy of corn. : out, "one year's neglect involyes sev-| Where there is a nervous, quick eral years' repentance." | jerking of the legs, making the fowl The terms upon which wool is be- step high while walking, it is an af- ing purchased by the British Govern- | fection similar to stringhalt in horses. mient are 35 per cent. above the prices While this cannot be cured, it does of 1914. The whole clip has been {no particular harm. It is a nerve taken over by the Government. trouble. Such birds are not diseased; In England $2; St. Thomas, $1.90 to $2; and Stratford, $2 to $2.20 per bushel. 2 to $1.51; No. hard, $1.55; No. 3 hard, $1.46% to $1.46. Corn--No. 2 yellow, 87c to 88%c¢c; No. 4 yellow, 813%¢c to 82¢; No, 4 white, 82¢ to 83c. Oats--No. 3 white, 45%c¢c to 46%c; standard, 45%c to 463ec. Rye--No. 2, $1.20 to $1.21. Barley ~76¢c to $1.15. Timothy--$3.50 to $5. Clover--$11 to $14. Pork-- $28.07. Lard--$14.75. Ribs-- $14.40 to $14.85. Wheat. Belleville, $1.25 per bushel; Brant- ford, $1.15 to $1.20; Cobourg, $1.15 to $1.20; Chatham, $1.15 to $1.25; Guelph, $1.30; Hamilton, $1:10 to $1.25; Owen Sound, $1.20; Peter- boro, $1.25; Port Hope, $1.30 to $1.33, and Stratford, $1.30 per bushel. + Duluth, Duluth, Sept. 22.---Wheat--No. 1 hard, $1.66; No. 1 northren, $1.64 to $1.65; No. 2 do, $1.59 to $1.63; December, $1.57; May, $1.55% to $1.557% asked. ---- Oats. Belleville; 52¢ to 65¢ per bushel; Brantford, 50c to 60c; Cobourg, 50¢ to 55¢; Chatham, 45¢ to 50c; Guelph, 53¢; Hamilton, 54c to 56¢; Owen Sound, 65¢; Peterboro, §0c; Port Hope, 45¢ to 50¢; St. Thomas, 65¢ to 70¢; and Stratford, 66c¢ per bushel Barley. Bellevile, 58¢ to 60c per bushel; Brantford, 50c; Cobourg, 75¢ to 80¢; Guelph, 65¢ to 70c; Hamilton, 65¢ to 76c; Owen Sound, 67c to 68c; Peterboro, 85¢c; Port Hope, 76c; St. Thomas. 60c; and Stratford, 75¢ per Lughel . Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Sept.- 22. --Flour-- Fancy patents, 10c higher: quoted at $8.70. Bran -- Unchanged. Cash wheat--No. 1 hard, $1.67%; No. 1 northern, $1.61 to $1.647%; Np. 2 do, $1.56% to $1.61%; No. 3 wheat, $1.48 to _$1.57%; December, $1%81%. Corn--No. 3 yellow, 81¢ to 2¢, Oats--No. 3 white, 43%c to d4c, Hay. Belleville--baled $10 to $12, loose $9 to $10; Brantford--baled $10, loose $8 'to $10; Cobourg--baled Liv 1. Liverpool, Sept. 22.--Spot quiet; No. 1 Manitoba, 14s 4d; No. 2 Mani- toba, 14s 2%4d; No. 3 Manitoba nominal; No. 2 hard winter, 13s 10d. Corn--Spot steady; American mixed, new, 10s 4d. Flour--Winter patents, 47s. Hops in London (Pacific coast) £4 15s to £5 15s. loose $10 to $12; Guelph--baled $16 to $17, loose $11 to $11.50; Hamilton---baled $10 to $13, . loose $10 to $13; Owen Sound--baled $14, loose $11 to $11.50; Peterboro-- baled $12 to $14, loose $8 to $10; Port Hope--loose $10; St. Thomas-- baled $18 to $19; loose $10 to $12; and Stratford--Iloose $8 to $10 a ton. GENERAL TRADE Butter. Belleville, 40¢ to 42c per pound; Brantford, 37¢ to 40¢; Cobourg, 35¢; Chatham, 38¢ to 40c; Guelph, 38¢ to 40c; Hamilton, 30¢ to 40c; Owen Sound, 30¢; Peterboro, 35¢ to 38e; Port Hope, 30c; St. Thomas, 40c to 42¢; and Stratford, 32¢ to 34c per pound. Millfeeds at Toronto. Millfeeds are selling at fairly steady prices, but bran is $2 per ton lower than last week. Prices are as follows: Bran, $26 per ton; skorts, $29; middlings, $30; and good feed flour at $2.25 per bag. Feed Corn at Toronto. No. 3 American yellow corn is at 941; c per bushel at the track, To- ronto. Eggs Belleville, 30c per dozen; Brant- ford, 32c to 35¢; Cobourg, 30¢; Chat- ham, 30¢; Guelph, 32¢ to 35¢; Hamil- ton, 83c to 40c; Sound, 26e¢; Peterboro, 32¢ to 35c; Port Hope, 30c; St. Thomas, 30c to 32¢; and Stratford, 30¢ to 32¢ per dozen. age SR RAAT p, The corn market seems to vary from 1¢ to 3c up and down. Seeds at Toronto. § Alsike at $9 per bushel for seed that will grade No. 1 after reciean- ing: No. 2 ranges from about $8 to $8.50; and No. 3, $6 to $7.50. A little timothy seed is being offered and quotes run around 6%e to 7c a 1 Helleville, 18¢ to 20e per pound; Brantford. 18¢ to 22¢; Cobourg, 18¢ to 20¢; Guelph, 22¢; Hamilton, 25¢ to 30¢; Owen Sound, 22¢ to 23c; ro, 18¢c to 23¢; Port Hope. 25¢; St. Thomas, 17¢ to 20&; and ford, 17¢ to 19¢ per pound. ! Potatoes. Belleville, $2 per ford, $2.10 i 225 Chatham, $1.75 tc $1.80; v3 Vegetables at Toronto. Not many cabbages are offered on 'J the market at Toronto, but they are quoted at 50c to 60¢ per dozen, a heavy ine since last week. : are selling at 35¢ to - 's x 2;" to upon 40¢c per 11-ut. basket, La | { | 3 | | | $10 to $11, loose $10; Chatham-- | Ef mixed with carbolic acid, will make an efficient ice-powder for hen houses. | tures, save a lot.of young clover, and | add ie volume of the root and | corn crops. The acreage in buckwheat in On- tario is nearly one-fifth greater than last year. A good deal of the crop gives fair promise. "The man who gets ready for next year's crop the fall before generally has a crop next year," says The Farmer's Advocate, The American Agriculturist says the present rates on apples from New York io England are $2 for or- dinary storage and $2.25 for cold storage. There will be few apples exported at those rates. For a few ducks vegetable parings may be boiled and fed with mash; small potatoes, not to exceed a fifth of the mash, may be used. Too many potatoes are not good. If the pot turkey stock is fat and fed heavily, or does not sleep out- doors and get most of its feed by ranging when laying, most of the lit- tle pullets are sure to die. To keep horses in good physical condition and free from colic, there is no better feed than oats and bran along with the staples in hay. Some of the molasses feeds are also good. The notion that turkeys need housing ang heavy feeding is the biggest mistake. Any that are so deteriorated as to need this, or can- not do without, it, should die, and the quicker the better, ~ Carrots are $1.25 a bag. Tomatoes sell at 20¢ to 30c a large basket and more freely at that price, Silver skin pickling onions at $1.50 to $1.75 per basket; other onions sell at 75¢c to $1 per 11-qt. basket. A -------- | Kingston Markets Kingston, Sept. 23. Butter creamery 1b Butter, rolls, Ib. Cheese, 1b, .. ... Eggs, fresh, doz, _, Fish Cod, steak, Ib, ... Eels, Ib. .. Flounders, 1b; .. Finnan Haddie, Ib. Hake, 1b. .. .. .. Haddock, fresh, 1b. Halibut, fresh, 1b. Kippers, dor 2. Oysters, quart .. Perch, Ib. ,... .. still selling well at Trout, salmon, 1b. White fish, 1b. (fresh) .. .e Fruit. Apples, peck . Bananas, dn' .... Cantaloupes, each Gages, green, bskt. Grapes, basket ... Grapes, 1b. . . Peaches, doz. .... Peaches, local bskf Pears, doz. .. . an Pears (Calif.) doz." Pears, local, bskt.. Plums, basket ... Plum, Damson, bkt Plums, doz. .... Potatoes, sweet, 1b Tomatoes, 1b. ... Watermelons, each nr -- \ Grain. Barley, bush. ....$ Bran, ton .. . Buckwheat, bush . Corn, cracked, cwt. - iis i i * vie g i ie : HH] i ¥ - Recent rains will freshen the pas- | ure to do this is-a national disgrace.' ¢ yp English And German Farming. | pd | were to have this year 654,000,000 Sheep turn a lot of the waste of the | bushels, against Inst Years Wo {farm into profit. re, g crop of 1, ' , . Thé ie of killing mites or lice| we are Ear ong over 160,000,000 i is to keep everlastingly at it. Fizom that Stop and $20.005:000 are American onion growers are fac-| required for home consumption, a | ing anotheg year of crop shortage, | reasonable Not a.fewNurkey stocks are tuber- | would permit us to sell abroad not culous, -the direct result of housing Tore than 150,000,000: Rurcpe bad | and feeding, ought from us about 250,000,00¢ | The United States potato crop bushels in 'the last fiscal year and | estimated at 277 million tons, or 47 353%.900,000 in the preceeding twelve { millions more than last year. months, | When animals have not had access) But the latest reports and esti- { to salt for a long time it is safer to| mates by competent experts say that give it to them sparingly at first. we are to have only 598,000,000 bu- There has been a heavy "drop" in| shels instead of 654,000,000, This apples, plums and pears in Ontario, | year's crop, therefore, is not suffi- as a result of the recent heated term. | cient for our own needs, and the One of the commonest mistakes | quantity that can be exported is, re- made in planning farm buildings is duced to about 90,000,000 bushels, the small number. of windows in the! all of which must be taken from the stables. | grain carried over. Canada's crop is | Common soil, if very dry and clean, | short and a reduction is shown in | | Western Europe, where the quality i is poor. Europe will need more than | she bought last year, and the facts point to higher prices, unless Rus- eia's surplus can be distributed. Estimates of that surplus, the ac- cumulations of two years, range from 250,000,000 to 500,000,000 bushels. The export doors may or may not Be| An official report comparing Bri- opened. Naturally the wheat would |tigh with German agriculture, pub- go out through the Dardanelles, but |]ished by the British Government, | that door may remain closed for & shows that each hundred acres---- long time. If Rumania is successful| (1) The British farmer feeds from in the war, shipments may be made [45 to 50 persons, the German farmer by rail to a Mediterranean port. But |feeds from 70 to 75 persons. frussia's railroads, such as they are, | (2) The British farmer grows 16 ust continue to be used for military (tons of grain, the German farmer purposes. Her wheat surplus cannot [grows 33 tons. | directly affect the world's markets in (3) The British farmer grows 11 the near future. tons of potatoes, the German farmer grows' 56 tons. (4) The British farmer produces 4 tons of meat, the German farmer pro- duces 43% tons, ; (5) The British farmer produces {17% tons of milk, the German farm- er produces 28 tons. (6) The British farmer produces a negligible quantity of sugar, the Ger- man farmer produces 2% tons. It is further stated in the report that the soil and climatic conditions in Germany are inferior to those in England, ~~ . Distinguishing Sex in Ducklings. It is, says an English authority, quite easy to distinguish the drakes from the ducks in any breed at eight weeks old. Rouen and Runner drakes may often be told by their darker heads, but a safe guide for all is to drive them into a small build- ing and catch them by the neck. The ducks will have reached their full note and give loud and long quacks. The drakes will give a harsh-hissing sound as if they had very bad colds. Later their note is a Where a century ago there w short, staceato, double quack quack. Age re. weary in the United States eighty persons {producing food to twemty non-food- At a sale of Shorthorns at Adbol-' producers, now there are thirty-three ton, near Nottingham, an average of producing and- sixty-seven parasites, £141 8s 7d for forty-three head was so far as food production is cone realized. | cerned. A Do. medium Do. small .,..., Raccoon, large ..., Do. medium -.,, Do. small Skunk, black Straw, baled, ton. . 9 0C Straw, loose, ton . Wheat, local, bush. . LY n seven White extracted IL Beef-- Cuts, 1b, ye Local, carcase, 1b. Local,' hinds, 1b. Western, carcase Mh os dss us Western, hinds, 1b. Western, frontg 1b. Hogs, live, cwt. .. Hogs, dressed, cwt. Lambs, spring, by carcase, 1b. ... Veal, by carcase 1b Four men lost their lives by ear- bon dioxide poisoning in a silo in Ohio two years ago. The silo had been partly filled the day before, and these men entered it, next mo ing. It is supposed they sat or la upon the silage while waiting for the cutter to start, and thus came within' the most dangerous zone of air cone tamination. x Immediately after corn is Phced in the silo heating takes place, with resulting absorption -of oxygen by the plant tissues, which continues until all the free oxygen in the air spaees is consumed, and for a space of one and a half to two feet above the level there is imminent danger of suffocation when the work of fill- ing is not continuous. In all cases the doors immediate- ly above the line of filling should be kept open, and, where a silo has been left partly filled for a time, a lantern should be taken in when filling is resumed, and the effect on the light noted. In the event of gas poisoning the victim should at once be removed to the open, and artificial respiration resorted to. Obiekens, tron uy b Chickens, live, 1b. Hens, dressed, Ib. Hens, live, Ib. Turkeys, Ib. Vi Beets, bunch . Carrots, bunch Cabbage, doz. Celery, bunch Onions, green bunel .. .. .. Potatoes, bag .... Potatoes, new, pk. Furs and Hides. English Southdowns in France. Below are ( the ruling market Aboyt twelve months ago a number prices for hides, skins and raw furs ,0f rams which had been given for the These prices represent the full value | relief of French peasants in the war of the articles quoted, and have been | Zane were sent out by the Agricul approved as correct by John McKay tural Relief of Allies' Committee. Ltd., for dealers: They were all Southdowns, and five Beef hides, trimmed, cured, 1b. 16¢|of their number came from the Sand- Beeswax, clear, No. 1, 1b. ... 26c |ringham estate. Ewes at Arrigny Deacon or Bob Calf, have dropped 100 lambs sired by one each . $1.50 to $2.25 |of the rams, 'and the French farmer | teeressss. 87.0018 well pleased with them. At Mon- Horse hiles, No. 1 .. ., .. .. $5.0p |certz-I'abbaye the progeny of another Lamb Skins each ... ... ..,. $1.60|Tam were 70 well-shaped lambs, Sheep Skins, fresh .... .... $1.60 [While at other smaller farms about Skunk, ..............500 to $2.00 (130 lambs have been sired by one or Tallow, rendered, 1b ... ... .., 7¢|0ther of the Southdowns. : Veal skins, to 15 Ibs, per 1b. .. 28¢ Wool, washed, Ib. ... .. 42¢ to 46¢c Wool, unwashed, 1b. .. .. 32¢ to 36c George Mills & Co. following for raw large 05 1.50 ; 10 05 3.00 60 50 Sheep in Corn and Rape. . An. Am in farmer bought a double deck of lambs about the first esesens seven gf sone