® red to protect the productive THIRD SECTION rT The War Needs of Canada THE NEED THAT CONSCRIPTION BE BY SELECTIVE DRAFT By Benjamin Apthorp Gould. The Militia' Act has been the law of "Canada for more than a dozen years. It recognizes clearly, as does the Military Service Act of 1917, that in time of war all citizens are liable to be called upon for service. It also recognizes that the defence of Can ada may require the services of Cana- dian soldiers outside of Canadian ter- itory It recognizes the possibility of what this war has proved to have developed into an actual fact, tha: the 1st line of Canadian defence lies m hic trenches of France. It is evident, therefore, that there is no difference in fundamental prin- ciple between the Militia Act and the Conséription Act which the pres- ent Government intends to enforce. Yet this Militia Act was adopted by a government of which Sir Wilfrid Lau- rier was Prime Minister. The Militia Act, however, 15 not suitable for the present emergency, not hecause it is not drastie enough-- in fact it is far more drastic than the Act of 1917--and not because in prin- ciple it is at all inconsistent with the latter Act, but because the methods provided for its operation are no long- er suited to the requirements of the country When the Militia Act was adopted. no one realized that a great modern war, if of any considerable length, must be fought by the effec- five organization and co-operation of ill the people of the nation, and can- it be successfully carried on merely by the military forces. The provis- ions of the Militia Act were only de- signed to obtain the necessary rein- forcements for the army, and neglect- abilities of the nation from damage by the loss of necessary men. At the time this law was drawn up, no one fore- saw that the injury to the real mili- tary effectiveness of the nation by the withdrawal of skilled men from essential industries might be greater than the aid given by drafting these men to the active military forces. In other words, the law djd not provide against making the same mistake made both in England and in France at the beginning of the war, when patriotic volunteers were accepted for the-army without due consideration of their economic importance in their trades or professions. Subsequently it was found necessary to bring back and retiird to mufti a large number mn who enlisted, because the support of the army required services at home, Ii the 'peatisions of the Militia Aet iid be put into force it would merely a matter of chance wheth- er the men drafted were not doing greater injury to Canada by leaving their positions than good by serving in the army There exists in it no sufficient eans for selecting the men for the draft other than. their physi- cal and mental qualifications to serve as colidiers [he important difference Militia Act and the present Con- Act i5, therefore, that the latter recks to take only stich men as can spared from the neces- sary work an Canada It does not the existing law in any way as it recognizes the right of vernment to demand military It seeks to provide that who are doing their full wad winning the war in their activities shall not be taken, those of military age' and who are not engaged in neces- pursuits shall be obliged to The .men .who are useful to Canada at present must remain to continue their usefulness. Those men on the other hand who are use- less in their present activities must be made useful by service in the army. The result of a wise enforcement of the law of 1917 will therefore be to obtain necessary recruits only from those places from which they can be spared We all know that there are many such men in Canada and nearly all of us feel that these men should be compelled to make a return in ser- vice the benefits of citizenship which they enjoy. The haphazard methods of volun- tary enlistment which have prevailed during the first three years of the war have caused a serious disarrange- ment of the productive abilities of the country. . New and. incompetent men have had to be trained to take positions in essential industries wva- cated by old and tried men. As a consequence, the disturbance of pro- duction by the voluntary enlistment of four hundred thousand men has been. much greater than would have been that caused by taking double the number under a properly applied gelective draft. The total eniisiient] a between the scription be change the Gu SETVIC the men share fc civilian but that fitnes sary serve tor Ottawa, Aug. 30.--~Now that the al- leged stumbling block in the path of union government has been removed, to wit the Hon. Bob 'Rogers, it trans- pires that union government is just as far away as ever it was. ,. The real obstacle is the disinclination of those approached by Premier Borden to wrap themselves in a-winding sheet, tie weights to their feet and jump overboard, If you don't like that meta- phor then think of union government as the drowning man's clutch which drags the rescuer under too. In short nobody is willing to take chances. Of course Premier Borden doesn't get too far away from practical con- siderations even when he i3 pursuing such a high ideal as union govern- ment with a. slight sediment of ex- Liberdls--if any such can be caught. Bob Rogers goes out of the Cabinet but he remains Minister of Elections. Bob is a good sport. He will play the game and stand by the machine. Daddy's on the engine--don't you be afraid. Bob's reward is coming. While Bob is firing up and getting all black in the process Premigs Borden stands out the pure white jot, all shining like Loliengrin in his quest of | the Holy Grail. Somebody in the outfit has to look well and what's the use of being Jremier of you don't take the first crack at it? Similarly Premier Borden did not really lose fhe ationalists the other | T day when Je red that letter saying they were Fotic in the present war." He a them in the parcel room to later. The Nagiguatists, are 'not | i for eeps. ey are' » gone before. Premier Borden will meet them on the other shore ot ue next ipetieral election. Jzanwhile Henri Bou- rassa's newspaper has 'increased its size and decreased. its subscription rate for the next three months, and the question naturally arises from what slush fund the debonair Henri is deriving his nourishment. * Just as in 1911 so now in 1917 Henri has a great nose for the flesh pots. at elec- tion time. Another ghstacle on union n govern- ment is the rden has working fo fe le ph i Sir Chif- heen of 14 are all he lessons of histo re 3 mate fhe-Sir CH= { ris ford Sifton » help fi a union gov- ernment. Not 'to opm a} far back *. what happened to the ancieiit Britons when they invited the Angles and Sax- ons in to drive out the Picts and Scots? "wen that's the Sifton idea of union government-~the helping hand helps fis itself to everything. Con- EE AE it is if the Winnipeg conventiof hadn't shown that he was pretty ¢ Ottawa Glimpses BY H. F. GADSBY 7 Sir Clifford in fact, as dead as Lazarus, but he hasn't begun to smell himself yet. He has a pretty little notion of union government--split the West, split Quebec--and then unite afterwards! = Something like £ lobster shedding a claw and growing another. < The strange. thing about Sir Clif ford is that*when he came back from England he was strongly pro-Lauriet and said so. According to him no- body else had a chance. But he took a trip to New York, saw Lord North- cliffe there and changed his. views to suit. Lord Northcliffe is a master- ful man. They say he rules England through his newspapers. He would now try it on Canada through Sir Clifford Sifton. Time was when Canada resented Downing Street rule and struggled free, but Fleet Street rule would he a damned sight worse. Meanwhile the way to admifrister a re- buke to Lord Northcliffe for butting into our domestic politics is to give Sir Clifford Sifton a. swift kick in some definitely localized spot. Rumor 'has it that the Government will drop its little plan to pay the To- ronto group of looters par for C.N.R. bonds which they bought in England at forty cents on the dollar. 'he pledges of the common stock, six hun- dred thousand shares, all water, will §'ohab ly have to. take it out in water. e ttle scheme by which Sir Jo- Ls of his trust companies were to get $60,000,000 for their worthless : didn't go very far before t sition saw through it. For : skilled Player like Sir Thomas White bill is really rhw work. The Government shows consider- able hesitation in enforcing the Mili Ltary Service Act. By the Farticle sees print the Governor. eral will have signed the act with his own fair hand and selective conscrip-: tion will be the law. . But I doubt if anything will be done about it away, unless perhaps in Quebec. Government doesn't want much to do with conscription until after a gen- eral election. All that is expected of the Military Service Act durin, 18, season of suspense is a few riots in| Quebec, and a few Liberal m broken A by Jsturned woldiers n va: the comme, jd is to pd ey This ide a voting. 10° A soldiers' dows and * other a {Te this part of the pbjection but the clauses Soldier to choose his Q soy. the cok . gives. in Canada have been about five per cent. of the population, whereas in Great Britain the number of .men serving in the army awd the navy amount to nearly thirteen per cent. of the population In spite of this fact, after the original mistake of ac- cepting men under a system which was not selective had been remedied thé nation has been able, with the splendid assistance of.its woman- hood, not only to maintain its total production, but to double the output of peace times. Accurate figures of this production are of course not at present available, but I think that I am conservative in saying that Great Britain is producing twice as much as before the present huge armies were created, In like manner, it is perfectly pos- sible here in Canada even at this late date to obtain. for the army a num- ber of men greatly in excess of the hundred thousand called for under the existing law without causing any serious - dislocation of productive ac- tivities. The active farmer must not be taken, the skilled munition maker must not be taken, the man who is doing necessary work for which by training or education he is specially fitted must not be taken Men of this stamp must be kept to form the nucleus around which increased pro- duction may be organized. But, on the other hand, the man who is do- ing nothing, the man who is a spend- thrift or a waster, the man who is contributing in no way to the real wealth of the country in porductive activities, must be made to do his part for Canada in the trenches. Canada has no' considerable class of professional soldiers and therefore all the Canadian armies have had to be made out of raw material. The experience of othe nations, as well as ordinary common sense, shows that it is an economic waste to create these armies out of material which has been trained and fitted for other necessary useful service when such an army can as quickly be made out or untrained raw material which is not doing necessary work. In short, othe useful man must be kept .to continue his usefulness here at home; the useless man at home pst be made useful to: his country abroad. ment religs on is to steal the election somewhere in England" The bill provides that both parties shall have scrutineers but that the Conservative arty shall have more. The count- ing will be done by majority. fe the Franchise Act is as brisk as it threatens to be a loyal Opposition will probably fight it until Parliament expires on October 7th. The hint has gone out that all the aliens are to be disenfranchised--this in a land which boasts of its freedom .and de- mocracy, a land whose immigration literature lured these poor fellows here on the promise that they would have the ane they were denied in their ewn country. Any Franchise Aet which breaks faith with these wéw citizens and robs them of the one weapon with which they can repel tyr- afiny, injustice and "éppression fs not an act the Ljberal party can support. Such an act outjunkers junkerism. The only way to get it through the Commons would be by closure and then the chances are that -it would come -to grief in the Senate... The Borden Government's majority isnot big enough there to play any arbitrary tricks. Besides closure does not ap- ply to the Senate, Ot course the Borden Government does not think its Franchise Act is in i Sense a" curtailment of popular On the contrary the Borden Government is generous to a fault. fiver everybody so. vote at the ion--except t rits. next tlerti i F. GADSBY. Every Woman' s Right To every woman man belongs the right to enjoy a healthy, active, happy life, lavelle's pet bank and a couple oN time this | ¥ 0 ii ah g is | VISCOUNT ISHII, WIFE AND DAUGHTER. | Unusual photo of Viscount Ishii, het sion which recently arrived in the United States. is in uniform in the centre of vd of the Japanese Mis- The Viscount ' the group. At his right is his] charming wife and on his left is his daughter. The Man on Watch Yes dear people there has been no meeting of the council for ever so long and the old town is running just as well as if it never had a council. Let the tussock moths eat the leaves of the trees, says a Williams- ville man, They will save the city's tree trimmers much trouble, For the land's sake Mr. Food Con- troller, please do not urge the room- ing4house keepers to make.a further reduction in fuel. Clove up the churches first, The la ™ asked if the Sun- day school Mttondance at Portsmouth has dropped since the golfers moved their links beyomd the village. The Portsmouth lads are said to be great caddies. The Mowat Hospital staff will have to keep its black bear 'Paddy' home and mot allow it to make jaunts to hug the Bath Road girls. They say the Cataraqui girls are awaiting a visit from "Paddy." The W.C,T.U. members need not get on their spectacles to . criticizé the midway of Busghell's fair. The midway will be all right. Robert is a very strict Calvinist, having been brought up on the Shorter Catechism. The worth of the Whig's recipes has been proven. The Lampman met a man who was out at a little affair the other night and who survived two pieces of eggless war cake, Here's the latest joke: The Bri- tish Government having placed an embargo on Canadian apples, the Do- minton Agricultural Department is much worried and fs trying to re< cruit apple-eaters in Canada. It's the apple supply that needs to be re- oruited. If a prize is offered at Bushell"s fir to the place producing the great- est number of red-headed people the Lampman_ will bet' on Amherst Is- land Some well-known Boarding places, whose backyards sometimes look like those of bottling establishments, had better beware or there' may be "do- jogs". If you blave the misfortune to be a boarder you are denied the i right to keep a bottle of "tone" Jn _| drinking. The liquor was stolen GERMANY'S CLIMB DOWN REGARDED SUSPICIOUS Guarantees Given to Argentine Can Be Very Easily Dodged. London, Aug. 30.--The news that jermany has decreed no further Ar- gentine ships containing only food! stuffs shall be submarined has ox cited the liveliest Interest here, but the full text of her guarantees is awaited before final judgment can be passed upon their value, even on pa- per. A breach with Argentina would eventuate In allying all the rémain- mg South American states agaiust Germany, with the possible exception of Chili, which cofld fot long fain- tain such a position of isolation from all surrounding states. That is the contingency shrinks, Germany's idea of fulfilling her pledges leaves her wide latitude and the immunity offered Argéntine shipg containing foodstuffs, if it has been conceded, would leave her free to sink those ships all the same, taking the additional precaution of disposing of their crews so that no evidence from which Germany|, Public Library Bulletin List of books om a vital subject of to- day ~~ how to economize In food and yet Keep up the necessary health and strength of the family, Food Analysis--A. G. Woodman. Feeding the Family--M. 8. Rose. Dietetics--Alex Bryce. Hunan Foods--Henry Snyder. Better Meals for Less Money--Mary Green Fooll and Health---Kinne & Codale PY Letters to Young Housekeepers--Janes Price. Pure Food Cook Book. Boston Cooking--schaol cook book Prattical Cooking--J. 'McK. Hill. Eat and Be Well--E. Ohnistian, ' Household Accounting--W. A, Sheaffer. Houge Sanitation--M. Talbot. Preservation of Food~--Hame Cannmng--- Ont, Dept, of Agriculture. | Carpenter and Builder W. R. BILLENNESS a a a, of ali n EXPERIENOR University Ave. A BoMiNION WIDE REPUTATION POSSESSED BY THE ONTARIO LADIES" WHITBY, COLLEGE ONTARIO. After 44 years of successful educational work this Coll of the Jorn of its kind on the Continent, with & hi | nd tion, 30 miles from Toronto. Matriculation, Teachers Sertificates 4 and Domestic Science ; Social Economics and means of an Sousually well equipped 5 systematised pla Analert in a Spb, | moral sense, & broad ONTARIO LADIES WRiTsY, ONTARIO, COLLEGE REOPENS SEPTEMBER 13th Write for Calender to Academic courses from. Prepara First Year U versity: M ; Commercial Work ; Ph sori ern EYWnasium, large soi body a well. Datadived vision are the aims of COLLEGE Rev. F, IL. FAREWELL, B.A, PRINCIPAL, Prin nnn ccd cs os A PN A AN St. Alban's School, Brockville A BOARDING SCHOOL FOR BOYS Headmaster: A. G. M. Mainwaring, M.A, School Reopens September 11th, 1917 For Prospectus, Apply to the Headmaster, BE SURE YOUR MILK IS DELIVERED IN SEALED BOTTLES. All our milk is thoroughly pasteurized and _bottled at once. Itis safe. It is pure. Phone 845 It is good. Price's may survive of the cause of their dis- | appearance. Then, as in the case of | British Cross ships she can easily! pretend that Argentine ships contain other than fobdstuffs, sé that free- dom from submarine attack conceded to these craft will only be. believed when it has been demonsty been demonstrated. PETROGRAD MILITIA SUPPRESSES REVOLT Anti-Government Shem Said to be Due to Shortage of Food. New. York, Aug. 31.----"The . mil> {tia of Petrograd is busy to-day sup- pressing anti-Govgrnment and coun-j ter-revolutionary activities," Says a special cable to the Jewish Daly For- ward received to-day from the Rus- sian capital. "Posters calling the population to an armed uprising against the Gov- ernment 'were torn down end at- tempts to start street dempnstra- tions are vigorously quelled, ! The main reason for the strength of the anti-Government propaganda is shortage of food which is very keenly feit over the entire country' The cable added that Chernigo? | Jews were searched and maltreated under the protext that they were con- cdaling provisions. Twenty persons are dead at Mos- cow, and many more are dying, it' was stated, as a result of over- from a nearby railway station, x MAY TAKE FOOD HOME. § U.S. Customs Relaxation For Tour- ists Returning From Canada. Washington, ' Aug. 31--Americans | returning from Canada may bring free of duty $100 worth of canned goods and other foodstuffs under a ruling announced by the Treasury Department. The ruling was de- signed especially to meet a situation ch had resulted from the sum. Canada of It is the construétion of the Williams which makes it the echolce of the great artists. The full iron inte, harmonic bridge and rans Agraffes assure a more mellow tone that goen to make it an instru. ment of quailty--a plane of a lifetime. We Invite you onli and inspect the many models at our showroom, to Princess and Sydenham Streets, THE "ARTISTS' CHOICE" Williams' New Scale Piano. J.M. Greene Music Co, Phone 1894 Yay TTY TY Bh oo WY