KINGSTON, ONTARIO, TUESVAY, MAY 7. sitse-- 1018 a SECOND SECTION - hs PRAIRIES JACK CANUCK'S 1,000-MILE-LONG FARM. A Part of Our Dominion That Has Been Over-exploited, But Which | Can Be the "Granary of the FF Wold" = It Is Not Beautiful I. But Contains Riches, LPHONSE KARR, that de- lighttul master of irony and and sentiment, of fancy and good "sense, used to say of the little Mediterranean town where be wintersd. that it was the prosce- nium to the Riviera. In the same way Port Arthur of the mighty grain elevators is the proscenium to the Canadian prairies, or John Canuck's thousand-mile-long farm. The West sends to this treasure houge its gold- en graiv, und the grim walls and bastions of thesé moaster structures' swallow whole trainlodds of the golden harvest, Dust rises im clouds through iron gr . Big wooden frames, fitted hoppers, shed wheat like molien gold. "Trays, on which 'the grain up & wild jig, move ' ecstatically to amd fro fo cleanse it of all impurities. For countless wiles stretches the prairie on if ney to the setting sue' threads it is lined a strip of wire fence, under which the t prai- rie grass ereeps into the roadway and cheerfully. sprouts all over (f. The ground in the offing rises and falls in hu faintly roseate undula- tions, narrowing one's horizon down sometimes to the limits of a ten-acre field, or widenidg it to Infnitude. At times, lim Pg twisted into the travesty swings a thin thread of tion aeross one's path, In , however, the road expands inte a "broad, field-fringed row 1% straight as an ar- i plain. Un- town, farmer or er," housed in Fh by the ploughed fire sonsecious of being empire, a link in ays with which to belt the world. te feet wide, neither beyond long jour- rord that "the heart of a town. gomes a day when " temporarily halted nd ihe glory of the Lodllgm Was seen Just Tn /(he level of the mud. An innocent 'newcomer,' astonished by this as goectacle, demand~ I was going, éwhat bored I'm *d-> ed of the hes" v only to re explanation: "Can't ven soe, ing horseback to Winnipeg?" Land values have up hy leaps and bounds since days when the prairi- out for. the citizens that were not, and the town of canvas sprang up in 4 night. To-day, the comfortable brick residonce ard the trim garden dominate e'ties like Winnipog., They seem tor have heen eomgcionsly built for a future of which the proseni has not got the measure. The sircefs are wide and smooth. and the broad ave- nies are boulevard with rows eof trees. There are no mesn thorough fares, and soon there will be no such things as 2 shanty amid the palatial hotels and Government huildimgs. Qutaide 'he town, on the. open prairie, where the gumbo may re- morselesaly Jurk, wheat as [ar as {be eve can see! Wheat that seems to march forever. and evel from the dawn to the land of the golden sun- sot. Nearhy, perhaps, is a tangle of bush and swamp, here and there al- kali outcroppings. that cause the earth around a small pond or "sloo" to'glisien white In the temperod sun. At one moment one congratules him- self on the dryness of the region, at another one is splashed from "ad to foot by the generous prairie mud. Now and again there are patches of ¥irgin prairie, dotted with bushes of the barberry kind and carpeted with the ever rarer prairie grass, through which run the tracks of wheels mark- ing the typical, neglected trail of the pioneer. Crossing it at right angles, the observant eye may catch sight of that wonder of wonders, the buffalo "trace," a dark brown, narrow, beat- en path along which the buffale marched in single file from "wallow" . to grazing ground, But it is the primitive trail that is the fascination, the giory of the prai- rie. Sometimes it runs into the stub- ble or takes a peep into the back door of the lonely homesteader. But always it makes its impression on the imagination, lifting a man above any littleness that may be clinging to him, For it is the virgin path along which the coureur de bois gayly took his way and which the pioneer chris- tened by toil. Gamboling gophers scamper on every side to their holes by the burrowing badger, prairie chickens rise with a wiry sound of their wings or rum into cover of a dell, a coyote skulks along in the mid-distance, -and a porcupine wad- dies along the trail in search of his quarters' for the night. At last the march of the prairies fs at an end. The indigo ramparts of the Rockies impose their will, For all those thousand miles there has been little but the gold of the wheat, the silver of the prairies, and the wondrous rise of the 'ever flanking moment more, and | P¢ wil come, The, rrow and "to the higher plitesus, leav- Yehind them . that unforgettable orama of farm and ranch, hut and the '"sloo," the gopher and "chicken," which make up the "granary of the world," THE -- STANDARD BANK OF CANADA HEAD OFFICE ' ~ TORQCMTD This Bank offers every facility in the conduct of accounts, of manu- facturers, farmers sad merchants. SAVINGS DEPARTMENT at every Branch. 135 NGSTON BRANCH, : Manager. ency Brake in Business Practically every business firm carries Br%, butler and about oi nancial Insurance -- a snlen tion fall off or t part o the FA BLE a accident insurance. to provide ready tash when re mee ou mm] Sntocmation: remy us s oh all Canadian bonds 'winter, when darkness seis in early, ! FORTUNATE PRISONERS GERMANS IN KINDLY FRANCE TREATED. ARE | 80 this ration than the liberal allowance of the French are am écomomical people. Though they insist on good cocking they eat less, in bulk, than the Brit- tab, the Germans or the Americans. Js (slightly smaller American or British soldier. Still, it They. Fare Better Than the Teutonic | is enough. Later inthe game it was Civilians at Home, and Would Be | established that French prisoners in Happier Stil} If Their Goyernment Had Not Mi-treated the Allies In Their Prison Camps. SEARCHING investigation of | conditions - among the Ger- man prisoners in France is manifegtly Impossible for one who hopes (gp do anything else during {he period of the war. The 200,000 or mare Germans and. Aus- triang held prisoners by the French are scattered all over the country, from the limes {o the Midi. Also, they are arranged, fo a great extent, in small groups, sometimes of only five or ter men. For civilians transpnr- | tation is dificult, and especially in | winter As a fatter of fact, 8 search- Investigation would take a man fur- nished with an automobile with un- limjted petrol. and with all special Dagaes, AlrOm, six months to a year. Such cdi lons are fulfilled for the investi ne Swiss. Embassy, we Li Eisoners on be- alf of Germs en ¥He work keeps two Or' thres Mien eontinitally busy, Utidble, for 146%of time, 16 make autHivestigation oft B kind, I have fi the next best dourse. Provid- "with a blanket: order from the Proms Ministry of War--an order virtdally permitting' me to visit any | amp at any time---I have looked into five of the larger camps in three main districts and into several 'of the smaller ones. Id every case but ane I thade these visits without previous warning of my: coming, in order to see the prisons, not when they ware arranged for visitors, but in thelr ordinary voutine, The number of trades found among 200.000 prisoners, most of them con- scripted from eivilian life at the he- Binning of 'the war, is of course als most infinite. -The mechanics among them are in great. demand. Both az a military mpeaSure and to maintain business, 'thé' railroads of France must be kept running. Owing to tae demand for skilled labor in munition works, the ratlroad shaps are con- stantly short of expert mechanics tu make repairs. The men among the Gérman prisoners who followed mo- ebanical frades in peace time have for the greater part been turned overito the railroads, wheio they work in the shops beside native workmen and un- der French foremen, 'Next greatest; ps, 'is the demand for earpen- "they ut up thoge temporary amps, for all 'kimds or WAr uses, 4 - pd now. Shosmukers 'and t&ilers, tien. od up in the general: combing ont of the prisoners, are set to repairing clothes and boots, both for their, fel- low prisoners and for the French sol- diers. Bakers are let. ofit to the mili- tary and civilian bakeries: butchers go fo the abattoirs --- .and so on through a great number of useful trades. 'So far as possible, prisoners are given the same hours of labor as civilian workmen. 8ince the war the labor &nions have patriotically relax- ed their rules in response to the com- mon emergency, and the hours of labor run from nine to ten-.nine and one-half is probably about the aver- age. And that is exactly the average for some five or six thousand prisan- ery, whom I have seen working at unloading vessels and trains, in the railroad shops or in factories. Us. ually they start to work at 7 o'clock and return at 6, with an hour and a half for luncheon. In the dead 'of they usually knocked off work at § o'clock, making. their hours for that period about eight and. one-half. Now we come to the more impor tant primitive necdg----shelter, eloth- 1g Ane, pa 8 lake them in 'he arge eamp, 250 an I visit | adit being 750. and 1,500 ho all are b uble barbed § « ed, Fog Bs ag bag by | D prisoners. tight and | WS They the first batches of These houses are .wafe | prisoners to 86 against their will. Germany were not getting the same treatment; that, in fact, they receiv- ed far less food than the German re- servists or idle troopsi The French "ORIGIN OF OLD TERMS, Gerrymandering Derived from Name of Massachusetts Governor: "Boloism"" as a term of reproach promises to break into the English language along with many other words never thought of before the war. Therefore the activiies of the Kaiser's agent will probably be tm- mortalised in future dictionaries, as were the acts of Judas and Simon Magus. Scattered through the Eag- ; maintain that their only way of pro- i lish' language are many | tecting comrades in German hands | i& to take reprisals, and to threaten more reprisals, against the prisoners which they hold; The Germans cut down the meat ration for French' prisoners to 86 grams a day. The Frefch at the time were giving their German captives 250 grams a day. Whty, after representations through ral channels, the French failed 0 ge "any adjustment. of this mat- i they adopted the reprisal policy & cut down the ration for German grams. As things have fimally worked out, | the French liave 8doptéd, in this item of meat, three imens, "The first is known as "favor dd." It is for Alsa- tians forcibl mBbHiged in the Ger- man army, for the | hs among the Austrian prisoners, and in 'general for the members. of subject races fighting for "Oentral Powers They receive 300 grams a day. e "ordinary" regi- men is the one followed at the be- ginning of tho war, before the action of the Germans made reprisals neces- sary. Under if live the Austrian pris- oners; since Austria is still giving prisoners the sage rations as their own inactive tropps. It allows 250 grams of meat § day.. Finally, as mentioned beforg, there is the "spe- cial" regime, maple necessary by the conditions of the times for the Germans, To summarize the discussion of the food sitnation: Oh his exaet ration the German prisoner fares beter at pregenit than the! free German work- ingman at home. He receives 600 grams of bread a day; his brother in Germany receives just 'half of ~(hat allowance, and the guality is prob- ably. inferior. Last August and Sop- tember the German allowance of fats --an essential to [ife~--was 50 or 60 grams a week. In. that geientifically compounded if 'monotonons 'stew the German prisoner in France 'gets 20 grams of fat a day, or 140 a week, Tven the ceanty allowance of meat is far greater than the one accorded the working class of Germany. And above all that there are mitigatioos Ike the right of purchase in the can- teen and the- additional meals given by peasants. or, other 'employers. When this fact is taken into con- sideration: they must fare nearly as well : aot quife. #is. well----as the laboring ciass' 0 tight times. Will Irvin in the New rims HE i Khaki Ds Dates Back to 1843. Khaki is said first to 'have heen adopted in British India In 1848 by Sir "Henry Burnett Lumsden, who had been asked to equip a corps of guides to collect intelligence and: to conduct a British force on the north- western froatier of India. The eloth was. a light cotton drill, as suited the climate of Hindustan, atd took its name from a native term "Khaki," which means in the Urda language "dusty," being derived from '"khak" or dust. Thus the tern applied to the color of the cloth rata- er than to the material. According to the dictiongry, it Is pronounced kaykee by the natives, but the English pronotinced it khar- kee, and this is correet, But as coftonh was not warm enough for all climates, uniforms of the came kind were made of gerge, and the tem khaki this included wonllen, Because it was weil fitted for the ellmate of Caba and the Philippines, the' United Sidtes chose khaki for the soldiers' uniforms during the Span. igh Atericun War. All typewriters aro not types" of feminine beauty. iim' tte. SH) "France in these | rived from proper names, sulting from derogatory pi = i some from just the opposite: "Lexow." comparatively of recent coinage, is familiar to almost afl New Yorkers as the name of the awthor of the state law which sta ons of the Jargest and most sé opal political investigations ever held in the Empire State, "Gerrymander," from the pame of a Massachusetts governor, has been used for more than 100 years in the "| United States to mean the division of election districts in an unnatural and unfair way for political 'purposes. It has been .proved, howsyer, that Governor Gerry was not entitied 10 the dubious honor of havin a named after him. John PF! the origin of gerrymander. y his way: "In 1812, when Gerry was gover- nor of Massachusetis, the Republican (corresponding to the Democratic in 'modern nemenclature) Legisia- ture redistributed the districts in such wise that the shapes of the towns forming a single dictriet in Essex county gave to the district a somewhat dragenlike con This was indicated.on a map of Mpssachn: setfs which Benjamin Russell, an ar- dent Federalist and editor of the Sentinel, 'bung up over the desk. in his office. The celebrated painter Gil- bert Stuart observing the uncouth figure, added with his pencil a head, wings and olaws, and exclaimed: "That will do Tor a salamander.' 'Bet- ter say a Gerrymander,' growled the editor and the outlandish name, thus duly coined, soon came into general cirreney." "Lynch" is said to be derived from a Virginian named Lynel' who took the law into his own ---------------- Turks Burn Great Library, Authentic news has been received from Bagdad that the famous Orien- tal Library; collected there by the Car- melite Fathers,. was burned .by the Turks. The Carmelite Fathers, it may be explained, went to Bagdad in the century. The library con- sisted -of More, than 20,000 volumes on subjasks connected with Mesaoo i sisting: in the main of d English, but also shme fialidn. ond German works: and .in- eluding many rare hooks. The at . "Sain, mususeripd. mort 4 century at a cost of thousands of pounds, There were the works of Arabic scholars Written between the sevenih and = eleventh centuries; most of them had not been printed: and no other copy of them exists, it is not entirely: clear 'how "tho library was destroyed, but the fol- lowing are the known facts: During the night of March 6-7 two Turkish soldiers who were billeted in the lib- rary in order, as was aliéged, to take care of its. contents, took bobks and 'manuscripts and used them @8 fuel for their fire. From this, it. is be- lieved, arose a conflagration. whieh consumed the contents of the fibrary. But there is some evidence that the 'destruction was intentional. Gn Feb, 25 'Falk Bey had been sppsinted by Khalil Pacha, the Turkish com- mander, to be his aide-dé-¢amp. Im- mediately on assuming this office he wrote a letter to Father Apastase Marie (a Carmelits nionk 86d a tive of Bagdad), who had some days earlier rettirned from internment, or- dering him, to return all the books which he had borrowed frant the Car- melite library, and threating to send 'im, in case of refusal, '16 (he r motest spot of the Sublime » Eight days aticr the borrowed" were return no hook 5 he: seen out' of a liprary of a ¥ than 0000 volumes ail were goRS The Kader Alphabet, A is tor-AbidHite; that's Now I rule. B is for Belgium. "dense titties fool! © ig for Chivalry, a word I don't know, D is for Decalogue, likewise a trop. E is for Europe, a shambles I've made. Fis oo Frighttulnecs] my stock in trade. G is for God, He's a partici of mine. H for Humanity--not in my line. I is for Imperial. sueh ay I am, J Is for Justice, naught but a sham. K stands for Kultur, the worl will have pone of it." Lis An 1 find a TS py cUSHION ~~ To the man who's pounded leather With his feet, all through his life, "Cat's Paw" Heels bring happy comfort Like a charming, thoughtful wife, [50° 5 "Cat's Paw" Series, No. /--~ Watch for No. & PAIR, PUT d ON 3 The Road of Much Travel! N order that war efforts may be unhampered, we have placed at the disposal of the military authorities for their exclusive use, certain of our long distance telephone circuits in various parts of the province. {0 Meanwhile, we are hurrying f¥ . necessary construction of addi- + tional facilivies to keep up the 'quality of our long distance. service. to waif for a connection; Ww q hen you ate b oy. bliged please do not overlook the fact that the war made "unprecedented demands, among many other things, on ielephone service and on the supply of telephone material. The Kind You Have Always Bought, and and which - has wn in use for over thirty years, has borne the signa and has been made under his per sonal 'supervision since 35 intacey. Allow no one fh tlt a at B wife] eriens ro arin, . £19