SATURDAY, APRIL 2, 1921, TISH WHIG. ET -------- Ee -------------- ee ---- ee ee ---- Ee ------------------ THE DAILY BRI A DT Rm ante em TTT 'teers, and that, as in all warfare, it is national resistence to English rule, and the recruiting, drilling, and training of Irish TT" Act of Conscription, which was never enforced in Ireland. intensified the spirit of I am told--and absolutely believe----that volunteers under Sinn Fein went on apace. any attempt to enforce conscription would have lead to bloody civil war. England could not, and did not, risk it, and during the last two years of the war the Sinn Fein organization was perfected, and the administration of Dhail Krin, the Irish Republic, was p ut into actual practice. They established their own courts of law, whose judgments their people sough iy and obeyed; their volunteers acted as police in civie disturbances when the Roval Irish Constabulary, weak in numbers, and boycotted, could A They did not for a time attack the English executive. Over a great part of the south and west of Ireland the King's writ did not run. notice. Then came another phase, when, after the war, the Eng- lish government were able to turn their attention to Ireland with a greater determination to enforce the old rule. It was the phase of police murders, attacks on pulice barracks, ambushes, and all elements of guerrilla warfare The average Englishman read with hor- ror the repeated shootings of Royal Irish Constabulary men. His blood boiled at the thought of these guard- ians of law and order shot down so often in cold blood, or after sieges of their barracks in which, temporarily, they were greatly outnumbered by well-armed men. It seemed to him, and seems to him still, a brutal cam~ paign of murder for which there is no excuse and no defense. Again he does not khow the Sinn Fein point of view, or, if he knows, rejects it as utterly poisonous in its doctrine The Sinn Fein view, I am told on trustworthy authority from the in- side, is that the majority of police- men shot by armed bodies of men Esme been proved to be spies of Dub- lin Castle, gathering, or concocting, secret evidence against Irish volun- GUERRILLA WARFARE BEGUN. acknowledged right to shoot spies on sight; so these men have been dealt with as such and not as ordinary policemen carrying on the ordinary duties of maintaining order. That is not good enough for the average Englishman, and he says: "Murder ig murder, and these crimes | must be stopped by the full power of martial law." The Irishman retorts "Withdraw your police, and your or- i ders which turn them into spies and | agents provocateurs, and they will | not be killed!" The English answer | is: "Let the murders stop first be- fore there is any truce." BLACK-AND- It was to stop mur- TANS ORGAN- ders, and to main- IZED. tain order, apart from all political discussion, that the average English- man gave his moral support tosthe government's strengthening of the military garrisons in Ireland and to the enlistment of a new force of men, auxiliary to the Canstabulary, who now have earned a sinister name as the '"'Black-and-Tans." These men were recruited from the enormous numbers of ex-officials and non-com- missioned officers who had not set- tled down to peace after the Great | who found it difficult' or im- | War, possible to get decent jobs, and who were tempted at once by this chance of active employment in Ireland. Their relatives and friends believed | that they were going to Ireland for honest work, even though dangerous and unpleasant work, such as might befall a body of special police in time of riot. They did not think they were going for dirty work which would bespatter the good name of England with mud and filth, THEN CAME It REPRISALS was not until re- cently that a. cer- taln ominous word was mentioned in English newspa- | pers and in the English Parliament. Reprisals. Months after there were tinental newspapers about this new ordinary English reader hear any- | thing about it beyond a few obscure | vidudl criminals, not even in the pas- paragraphs, or occasional half col- | sion of rage against great provoca- believe | tion, but blindly, wantonly, and bru- that dreadful things were happening | tally, as those Germans who played umns, which gave him to THE ANARCHY IN IRELAND--II : Erin Says: "Murder Must Stop." Ireland Retorts, "Withdraw Your Police and They Will Not Be Killed."---Deadlock Results Average Englishman does not yet believe stories of outrages by Black-and- Tans.---It was to Maintain Order, not to do Dirty Work, that they were Organ- ized.---Gibbs Condemns Reprisals, but sees little hope of Peaceful Settlement. By SIR PHILLIP GIBBS tions. They do not believe it possible that their government, or the military and police chiefs in Ireland, would tolerate such as abnominable policy, or that soldiers who fought in the only look on and take no active They simply ignored it. | ine view, very largely, I am sure, of | many incidents briefly reported to him, and _ the Englishman says to all sentimentalists: "Surely our fel- lows must be allowed to hit back, to | shoot if they are shet at, to arrest | the murderers at all risk, to burn | their houses about their ears if they won't surrender to the forces of the Crown in their duty of checking crime and maintaining order!" | If that were all, 1 think the average | Englishman would be justified in his judgment, apart from the rights and wrongs of our government of Ire- land. | CURRENT It is only quite re- | REPORTS cently, within the) | IN ENGLAND, last month or two, | that certain facts have been brought under the Eng- lishman's notice which fill him with abominable misgiving. Charges were brought against the 'Black-and-Tans' which at first he utterly refused to Great War would carry it out. That is their position now at the time I am writing, and they are fortified by government denials in the House of Commons. It is there that I must leave "the average Englishman," tired to death of the whole Irish problem, anxious for any kind of settlement which would bring about peace without in- juring the prestige anc power of Oud England, willing to grant the broad- ect measur: of ory rule this side of a republic, irritated with the tru- culence and na),ow spirit ef the Ul- ster r:en, and with the passi. « and fanaticism of the Catholic Irish, shocked by the anarchy now prevail- irg, abhorrent of the police murd- ers, but upholding the right of re- taliation so lon- as the tragedy and stupidity of this guerrilla warfare lasts. 1 write now for myself, not class- ing myself with the average English- man, because I have greater access to the sources of news, a Personally, IT cannot stand for this. I love England too well to defend that which dishonors her. As a war correspondent in France during the years of slaughter, I was the chronicler of the heroism of all those young men of ours who fought for the ideals of liberty--who died for them--and I described the war with passion I could put into my pen only because liberty seemed to me the goal for which we fought and the only justification of its horror, its insanity, its degradation of our civil- ized world. I should be betraying the dead, and all their faith, if not 1 tried to defend a reign of terror in Ireland which the united body of Irish Catholic bishops have described in words which cannot be put on one side in view of other evidence I have. "We know that latterly, at least, all pretense of strict discipline has been thrown to the winds and that those who profess to be the guardians of law and order have become the most ardent votaries of "lawlessness and disorder; that they are running wild through the country, making night hideous by raids; that reck- less and indiscriminate shootings in closer | crowded places have made many in- knowledge of the forces at work, and | hocent victims; that towns are sack- personal acquaintance with some of the moving spirits behind the scenes on the English and the Irish side. WHAT IS I am bound to ad- believe. It was asserted by the Irish and their American friends that in Bal- briggan, and Tuam, and many other columns in Irish, American, and con- | Places, these English auxiliary police had run amuck and had committed phase of activity in Ircland did the i acts of arson and murder, not in self- | defense, not in punishment of indi- THE TRUTH ? mit that I am not satisfied with the government denials on thesubject of reprisals. I cannot put on one side the admission of General Macready, which he has never denied, that it is a 'delicate and difficult matter" to punish men who, under his authority and discipline, do acts of indiscipline and disorder in the way of reprisals. Vainly I searched the speech of Lloyd George at Carnarvon for any in some places across the Irish Sea (Pe devil's game in Alost and Lou- | denunciation of reprisals, but found when English soldiers and the new force of auxiliaries were firing back raiding private houses where they killed those who tried to kill tee | or burning farmsteads and other houses and cottages from which they had been fired upon. The ordinary decent Englishman deplored these things and said: "Surely to God this business ought to be settled!" but could not find it in his heart to blame any of those sol- diers or police who defended them- selves against ambush and assassi- nation, and hit back hard against those who struck first. That is still > é¢ HAT to get for din- ner?" "What to get for supper?" To-day, to-morrow, next day, every day in the week. This is woman's problem and, the source of almost endless worry. True, there are times when most women take a Pleasure and pride in cook- g and baking, but when you are not feeling up to the mark it does get on your nerves and become a real worry--a nerve-exhausting worry. | Since meals are essential to life, the old problem .of "what fo eat" must endure, but need not be a worry These Eternal. Meals when your nerves are set , right. It is when you are tired-- nerve tired -- that such things become a source of worry. There is nothing like Dr. Chase's Nerve Food to combat this condition. It is because Dr. Chase's Nerve Food is such a help under these very conditions that it has come to be relied upon by the great majority of Canadian women. Head- aches, Slesplessneas, tired, depressed feelings, lack of energy are some of the ac- companying symptoms. You can obtain Dr. Chase's erve * from your dealer at 50 cents a box. we. Rd | that | vain, farm- only an admission and defense. And It was further asserted that civil- since then I have seen a great deal at crowds which attacked them, and {ians were being shot and flogged; buildings, steads and village homes were being burned, not as the sudden impulses of brutal men inflamed by a boycott in a hostile population and by mur- derous attacks, but under the direct orders "of their military chiefs and of evidence coming in, but not ad- mitted as a rule, to the English news- papers, revealing certain criminal acts and brutal deeds, a callous and wanton cruelty amounting to a real reign of terror on the part of the "'Black-and-Tans," which I am con- strained to believe, though I hate to |as part of a deliberate and cold- blooded policy to kill the spirit of a . people by a steady reign of terror. The average Englishman, the man in the street, of whom I am writing, the decent-minded fellow, proud of the good name and fame of England, resented such charges with indigna- | tion and disgust. The vast majority of people in England at the time I am writing still repudiate those accusa- OLD WELLINGTON FOLKS Miss Sarah Garratt, Aged Ninety-five, Breaks Her Collarbone. Wellington, March 31, -- The month of March has been delightfully warm and all the spring birds are to be seen here. While we in Prince Edward county had an atmosphere of about 60 or 70 degrees on Easter, the west wag shivering in zero wea- ther. Here the warm south wind op- ened out the early buds and brought forth the frogs to sing in small melo- dious voices the glad tidings of the arrival of springtime. Rev. Erastus Howard's two sons from the lower provinces are visit- ing him. The one is Judge Howard, Montreal, and the other an editor of an eastern paper, Rev. Rufus Gar- ratt and wife, Demorestville, were guests of the Rev. and Mrs. Howard on Wednesday. Mrs. Wilson, Toron- to, spent Raster with her aunt, Mrs. F. A. Burlingham, Wellington. Har- old and Wesley Nash were home from Albert. College, Belleville, for the holidays. Miss - Helen Harris, Queen's, Kingston, was also home with her parents: Miss Mildred Gib- son, Toronto, is the guest of Clayton and Mrs, Pettingill. Claude Teskey, Hubert Webster and Leslie Smith, government apple inspectors, were at their homes for Easter. Mrs. Gordon Hutchison has joined her husband in Toronto. Mr. and Mrs. Harold FitzGerald, Toron- to, spent Easter with Mr. and Mrs. W. W_ FitzGerald. Mr. and Mrs. Langley, Havelock, spent Easter with friends here, as did Frank Dayton, Toronto. Mrs. McCloskey and Miss Claudia Insley, Toronto, spent East- er at Mrs, Florence Insley's. L believe them, because of their ori- gin and authority. From some Eng- lish people living in Ireland, as well as from some of the Irish themselves, I have been given detailed accounts of the shooting of civilians, the "shooting-up" of villages, the des- truction of property, for which I can find no justification, even by the laws of warfare, which are ruthless en- ough. J. Lansbury was with his parents for the holidays. H. C. Benmore, Orillia, spent Easter here with rela- ties: Mrs, E. T. Case, Picton, was the guest of Mrs. Callion this week. Miss Striker, Lake Shore Road, and Mrs. Vernon Smith, Pleasant Bay, called on Miss D. Christy this week, Miss Benson and Mrs. Hazlett were at Bloomfield this week visiting their sister, Keith Dean and daugliter, Quubec, are the guests of Mrs. Dean's parents, Mrs, and Mrs. L. K, Shrouds. George Johnson, Consecon, was the guest of George Noble this week. Mrs. John Bowerman. Mrs. With the arrival of spring it is hoped to continue improvements cn the Wellington cemetery. . The com- mittee requires funds and assistance to carry on the work commenced last year. It is to be hoped that the peo- ple will render assistance. Seeding SPLENDID RESULTS ~ WIN CONFIDENCE I would be doing an injustice t piers if I did not tel Rien great nefits I have received from Vital, aig a prominent woman. to ealth. For a general run-down condition of the nerves AL is one of the most successful tonics. Price, 50 cts a box at all druggists. For Sale ky Mahood Drug Co. Dr. Waugh | ed as in the rude warfare of earlier | ages; that those who run through fear ara shot at sight. , . . . 'For all this not the men, but their masters, are chiefly to blame. It is not a question of hasty reprisals, which, however, unjustifiable, might be attributed to extreme provocation, nor of lynch law for miscreants-- much less of self-defense of any kind whatsoever. It is an indiscrimin- ate vengeance deliberately wreaked on a whele countryside, without any proof of its complicity in crime, by those who ostensibly are employed by the British government to protect the lives and property of the people and restore order in Ireland." There is no decent Englishman who, if he believes these things are true, as I believé some of them are, will for a single moment defend them as legitimate, in spite of all provo- cation. Unfortunately, the facts have been boycotted in England-- apart from two or three courageous papers --and the mass of the people do not know them. RESULT OF I see in all this the STUPIDITY, inevitable result of WICKEDNESS. long stupidity and wickedness. The wickedness began again when Sir Ed- ward Carson was allowed to raise and arm the Ulster volunteers--with German rifles--and defy the author- ity of the King and Parliament by a threat of civil war if Home Rule were passed. I saw in Belfast the has commenced and the farmers are getting in their seed at a record rate, Miss Sarah Garratt, one of Wel- lington's' oldest residents, had the misfortune to break her collar-bone and injure her hip from a fall recent- ly. Before this transpired she was well and active for her ninety-five years. Last Sunday she attended a meeting and then walked Jown to call on her cousin, Lanior ° Beach, who is also ninety-five years of age, but has been bed-ridden for years. Mrs. Amos Garratt spent the week- end with her daughter, Mrs. Se- bourn Cronk Principal K. C. Hort- op is in Toronto attendng the Edu- cational Association meeting. Mies Hughes and Miss Maud Jarvis, Black Creek, are guests of Mrs. Robert Hughes. George Boyce spent Easter in Belleville with his son, Bert, Mrs. William Monaghan spent Easter with her sister in Brighton. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Mainprize and family visited Mr, and Mrs. Abel Roblin .on Tues- day last. Frank Garratt was down from North Bay for Easter, Wellington has been, is and always will be a show town. One show fol- lows another and all are well attend- ed. Mrs Norman Moraen and son, Ralph, are spending Easter week in Toronto. Miss Helen Wootén, May- nooth, spent a few days with Mr. and Mrs. B. Fanning, Don Gullett spent a couple of days here this week, Mr. and Mrs. Jackson Clark, Paris, Ont., visited Mrs. 8. Clark on Sunday. Mrs, Henderson spent Easter with Mrs. Whitten, her daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Cleveland Bleakey are guests with his parents Leonard McCullough, Utica, N.Y. is spending a few days at his home here. James Lamb has returned home after a few days' visit with friends at Port Hope. The East Star Lodge will have rooms over Jack Shurie's 106 Wellington St. Phone 256. § drax store. Thev will be spacious march past of those men, and ban- ners which promised allegiance to the Kaiser rather than submit to Na- tionalist coercion. I saw riots there fn which the Catholic minority were stoned and beaten with extreme bru- tality, and I saw the swearing of the Covenant which raised again the old fires of religious hatred and poli- tical warfare, while the present Lord Chancellor of England, F. E. Smith, acted as "galloper' to the leader of the Ulster rebels. It was the freedom given to Car- son, the blind eye turned to the gun running of German arms and ammu- nition, which challenged the Nation. alists and raised Sinn Fein. We went from one stupidity to another. Ire- land would have accepted Hone Rule if we had given it with real sincerity before the war. She would have fought with all her manhood by our side if in return we had pledged our- selves to anything like Dominion Home Rule. She would have hated us less if for long years past, as still to-day, we had not placed in Ire- land as our representatives men who did not understand the Irish tem- perament and were not courteous to Irish sensibilities, but men who at Dublin Castle were the avowed en- emies of her national aspirations, hostile to her faith, and hard and brutal in their minds and manners As we have sown in stupidity so now we shall reap in tragedy. What is now to be done ? There are only two ways open to us. Either a bloody conquest of these people by a hideous civil war which will leave Ireland a desert, or a truce of God when by a general am nesty and a withdrawal of troops we may come to some kind of peace trea- ty with the leaders of Sinn Fein. 1 am certain that the English peo- ple will not stand for that bloody civil war. - The English people are tired of war. They want peace. Or, if there is to be any civil war, it will not be restricted to Ireland, but will flame out in England, too. Therefore, fail- ing a new conquest of Ireland by fire and sword, there must be a truce and a treaty. That is not going to be easy of arrangement, whatever the good will of the English people. The Irish people have no good will to us. They say: "We are not inter- ested in your Home Rule bill. You can talk and talk, and add clause to clause, but we care nothing for it all and will have nothing of it!" They say: "You may offer us Dominion Home Rule, and if you clear out we shall be very glad and will breathe more freely in your absence. But we will carry on with the Irish Republio; TWO WAYS OPEN, and very fine. Mr, and Mrs. Frank Carter spent Easter with Mr. and Mrs. Clayton Carter, Christian street, Real estate is very high in price. Mrs. Wannamaker, ninety-six manufacture, to assist the public will be stamped with their general which is ours now in spirit as it will be in every future act. You may cut out Ulster to your heart's content, but Ulster is part of Ireland, and as such shall be part of the Irish Republic." What. is to be done with an attitude like that? Frankly, I do not know, unless we leave the Irish to fight it out among themselves, as far as Ul- ster is concerned, which seems to be an impossible proposition because of English and Scottish sentiment for Ulster's safety. If Ireland will not accept any meas sure of Home Rule, leaving Ulster separaie for the time being, nor any« thing less than a republic, them I am afraid that there will never be any bridge of reconciliation between our two islands. For the English people will not surrender, except by absolute compulsion, the Irish Harp on their Royal Standard. They know that to accept an Irish republic' would be the outward and visible sign of the break-up of the British Empire and the aownfall of our pride and power. Auything less than that they will giant but never that except by the ruin of their spirit and strength. As an Englishman, friendly to Ireland, in spite of that re- bellion which I cannot forgive except by a remem- brance of tragic history which put poison against the English into Irish brains, and acknowledging with shame the folly and evil of many things which are now happening un- der our martial law--not justified despite the murders and guerrilla warfare which I equally condemn--- I can see no hope in the futura of avoidiug greater tragedy, more fear- ful things, unless the Irish will show a little generosity on their side, wipe out many black memories, abandon their attacks upon military and po- lice, and, in return for a complete and absolute truce, come to terms which will give them full rights over their own nationality while still remaining in the confederation of British peo- ples under the King-Emperor. If they would agree to that they would get not only the friendship of the English' people, among whom, in spite of all this tragedy, they have masses of friends, but they would rise to a height greater than that of national- ity, which is the brotherhood of man in the name of Christ. But, knowing the Irish people and their present passion and purpose, I think they will not agree to any of that, so that the future is as black as night. IRISH MUST SHOW GENEROSITY. Copyright, 1921, by Harper & Bros. Published by arrangement with The McClure Newspaper Syndicate. years old, is the brightest old lady in Wellington, as sprightly as a girl of sixteen; intelligent and in full possession of all her faculties. She does all her own work, Aspirin Nothing Else is Aspirin | Warning! Unless you see the name "Bayer" on tablets, you are not getting Aspirin at all. 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