Daily British Whig (1850), 8 Aug 1922, p. 1

The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

ALIEN WANDA HAWLEY The Ba ly British Whig ALLEN ENID BEN} in 2 "KEEPING UP WITH LIZZIE" YEAR 89; No. 188. -- Seer ENCH: PLAN | OF JWRINGING i CHEAPER WHISKEY FOR BRITISH COLUMBIA The Prices Likely To Be Less Than Those of Quebec. -- Victoria, B.C., Aug. 8.--New KINGSTON, ONTARIO. TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1922. WOULD AVERT A COLLAPSE GENTLEMAN BURGLAR LIVED DOUBLE LIFE Was Stationmaster and yn- duiged in Arson and Porch- climbing. Townsend Harbor, Mass., Aug. 8. AT LAKE PORTS SILENT AS "= isies | A GRAVEYARD New Crop Starts to Arrive at Canadian Head of the Lakes. Fort 'William, Aug. 8.--The new | LAST EDITION, GLAD HAND FOR MEXICO | British Columbia liquor prices will be announced by Attorney-General Manson next week. Reduction in whiskey prices are to be greater than * *.|-- "The gentleman burglar" they In Transportation [I} [call him--that suave little man who > . could. have bought and sold all Townsend Harbor. John Abbott was:the stationmas- Wy $e | war Reparations From Will B th Ni 13% is already reported as cea: United St t t d, 33 da havi ed in- | e the Nova Sco iov-e 32" vie shot' ales Soon to { 1st. On August 1st one car of bai- | | ley, grading No. 4 C.W., was inspect- Germany Is Considered. Lloyd Ceorge Said to Regard ~ the French "Proposals Too Severe. London, Aug. 8.--France's plan for wringing war = reparations out pf financially unstable Germany was pnsidered to-day by the Alles. [Proposals of rigid control of Ger- man finances, in case a moratorium granted the former enemy nation, were submitted by Premier Poincare pf France to a committee .of allied finance ministers and their experts. his committee is to report back to he premiers of Great Britain, France, Italy and Belgium late to- day. a According to the best information, France demands that the following programme be backed by the Allies] f Germany is given an extension of | me in which to pay for damages | he caused in the war: One--Allied control of the print- ng presses that are turning out pa- or marks by the millions. * Two--Control of customs receipts mn the occupied territory, the pro- eeds to go to the committee on parantees and held as security that Germany will pay whenuthe period of moratorium is over. Three--Control of tangible assets uch as property, capital and secur- les. Four--Tax on all coal mined in he Rui district and perhaps the ploltation of all forests and mines in the interest of the reparations ac- pount. Lloyd George Opposed. It is believed that Lloyd George as strongly opposed to most of the roposals of Poincare, believing them too severe, Lloyd George, it @8 understood, favors granting Germany a moratorium until 1924. From Italian sources, it has been rned that the 'financial confer- ) may result in temporary agree- pent regarding the course to be fol owed in dealing with Germany, and ihat an atempt will be made to re- bonvene the International bankers' pommittee in October In view of ranting Germany a loan. DFFICIALS GROWING MORE OPTIMISTIC Dver the Prospects For Settl- ing the Great Coal Strike. Washington, Aug. 8.--Administra- fon officials are growing more op.i- pistic over the prospects for settling he coal strike. Secretary Hoover is ncouraged over the progress at Cleveland, and advices from the coal flelds are more encouraging. But lit- @ hope is entertained - that ths rms of the president for settling he rail strike will be accepted by the roads and strikers. HAVE NOT YET ACCEPTED WHEAT BOARD POSITIONS btful if H. W. Wood and Rice Jones Can Be Se- cured. . Ottawa, Aug. 8.--At noon to-day, government was still awaiting a reply from H. W. Wood and Rice nes as to their intentions in con- ption with the offer made to.them head the proposed wheat board. nominations were made by the fwo western governments and the of- ir was formally sent by the federal thorities. Considerable doubt is XP d that the nominees will ac- Mr. Wood has had no expecgi- in grain handling, and while ex- gsing himself as in favor of a d with powers similar to those id by the original board, it is doubtful it he favors the present or- gan! on. Rice Jones is a high of- ficial of the United Grain Company, which company cannot be expected to deep sympathy with the market- method proposed under the d. In fact, witht the private panies opposed to the proposal, with the general grain trade out sympathy, it is exceedingly diffi- t to secure men of experience to le the situation. While the war in progress, the private interest od themselves to the general. of the Missing Hydroplane Are Safe innipeg, Aug. '8.--Major B. D. superintendent of Victoria alr station, has arrived at Vic- Beach with a crew of five he- to the hydroplane which has ) reported missing for more than week. While landing at Lake Pik- kum to pay Indian treaty mon- the machine struck a rock but forecast some time ago, The reduc- tion on some of the. popular brands of whiskey will likely run to 75 cents or §1.00 a bottle. A number of the new prices in the new sched- ule will be less than the Quebec scale of prices. Present indications are that in making the reduction the Government will be sacrificing $60,- 000 to $75,000 a month or around three quarters of a million dollars a year, i8oft Coal Tie-up Is Nearing an End Cleveland, Ohio, Aug. 8.--A definite programme for ending the soft coal strike on a na- tional basis, it was learned here today, will be proposed here Wednesday when operators from various regions of the cen- tral competitige fleld .are ex- pected to jofn the conference with the leaders of the striking miners. The plan, it was said, had the approval of enough oper- ators to insure settlement of the coal strike, | French-Canadian Nui | Escape Death in Typhoon Montreal, Aug. 8.--The French- Canadian nuns who miraculously es- caped when the typhoon swept Swa- tow, causing twenty-eight thousand casualties, and carried away the roof of the Ursuline convent, of | which they 'were in charge, are Sis ter Marie Rosary, Mother St. Cross {and Mother Mary of Incarnation. All three belong to the Ursuline sistor- hood, Stanstead, Que., and left last June to form a new mission at Swa- tow, FASCISTI CAPITULATE TO TTALIAN: GOVERNMENT Obey the Command of Premier Facta to Disband Their Forces. Rome, Aug. 8.---The Fascisti capi- tulated to government orders to-day and commenced demobilization. Pre- mier Facta had commanded the Na- | tionalist furres to disband, but fol- lowing a threat of a general strike by socialists, the Fascisti refused to obey orders, and instead seized cities thronghout Italy and drove out the socialist administrations. Government troops defeated the Nationalists in a series of clashes at disputed points, and the latter's leaders directed de- mobilization. Have a Definite Programme. Cleveland, Aug. 8.--With a defin- ite. programme for ending the. coal strike in the United States ready for consideration tomorrow, the joint conference of leaders of the striking union miners. and coal operators (o- day marked time awaiting the ex- pected arrival of other operators, especially those of Illinois and In- diana. Ottawa Man Is Killed By an Automobile Ottawa, Aug. 8.--Pierre Chevrier, aged forty-nine, was instantly killed here last night when run over by an automobile when alighting from a moving street car at East end of St. Patrick street bridge. The driver of the automobile, Fred Gardner, surrendered to _the police. Nineteen year old Harold Brun- nette, Ogdensburg, N.Y., school athlete, announces he will begin training for an attempt to swim the English channel and plans to sail for rEngland on Sept. 15th. the United States. | A Call Seat Outto Sixteen Chiefs of Railway Brotherhood. Washington, Aug. 8.-- President Harding's proposals yesterday to the leaders of the shopmen and railway executives of the United States to end the railway strike were officially described as "final" so far as the government's effort to bring about a settlement through yoluntary action | of the two parties is concerned. | B. M. Jeweel, as spokeman for | the shop craft's leaders, stated that it was not expected that strike action will be suggested at a general con- ference "with all executives of rail-| road labor organizations next Friday to consider the whole strike situa-| tion. A message suggesting the con" ference, sent to Warren Stone, chief of the engineers, sald it was believed a programme could be formulated having for its purpose the protection of the public, the preservation of the railroad industry and am honorable | basis of settlement for. managers and employees." | On connection with the call for| the shop craft executives to meet and decide on President Harding's pro- posal, Mr. Jewell pointed out that he and his colleagues did not have authority to answer for the federa- tion. He added, however, that "no- body ought to get the idea that the shop federation will accept." - | Sends Out A Call. [ Cleveland, Aug. 8.-- Warren Stone, | president of the Brotherhood of Loc- | omotive Engineers, this morning tel- | egraphed sixteen chiefs of railroad | brotherhoods asking them to attend | & conference in Washington next| Friday to consider the railroad sit- uation throughout the country and "Avert the impending calamity of a collapse in transportation." CONVICT ESCAPES AT ST. VINCENT DE PAUL Guards Feared to Shoot Lest They Might Endanger Lives of Nuns. Montreal, August 8.--William Ed- wards, who was serving a two-year term in St. Vincent de Paul peniten- tiary for highway robbery, escaped from his, guards in broad daylight this morning. He made a dash for freedom while one of the gang of convicts was engaged in the con- struction of the new filteration plant fer the prison and the village of St. Vincent de Paul outside the gates of the penitentiary. It was impos- sible for the prison guards to fire at the fleeing man for fear of imperil- iirg the lives of the inmates of the convent of Sisters of Providence. MANITOBA'S CABINET, It Has Been Chosen and Members Sworn in. Winnipeg, Aug. 8.--Manitoba"s farmer cabinet was sworn in at noon to-day and is as follows: Prime minister and minister education--John Bracken. of Attorney-general--R. / W. member for Winnipeg. Provincial treasurer--¥. M. Black. Minister agriculture--Neil Camer- on, member for Minnedosa. Minister public works--W. R. Clubb; member for Morris. Provincial secretary--D.: L. Leod, member. for Arthur. Craig, Mec- ------------ A drop of 1% cents per gallon in the price of gasoline in Canada has followed the reduction in price of that commodity in the United States. The prices now are 41 and 38 cents per gallon, according to the grade. New York, Aug. 8.--"Five women in the United States drink now where one drank before prohibition. Even girls in their teens are doing it. Many women have turned home brewers." Thus Miss Alice Carpenter tersaiy stated t three of the feasons | why she is so forcefully pushing her work as director of the women's committee of the association agains: the prohibition amendment. "Women began to want booz: when it was made a forbidden fruit," she said. "According to the pervisity of human natdre, whatever is forbid- den Is attractive. Without free ac- cess to beer and wines, the desira for stronger liquor has been created among the conservative class that Five Women in United States Now Drink "Where One Drank Before Prbiiio Miss Alice Carpenter Makes Statement in New York--Wo- men's Association Wants State Regulation of Sale of Wines and Beers. never touched it before. "Prohibition's most potent and el- fective friend is the bootlegger, he is making the profit. We haven't been able to enroll any of his kind in our organization' Miss Carpenter's theory the only possible way to enforce pro- hibition is to cut off all fod capable of termentation, for so long as such ingredients exist in this counmiry there will be home brewing of liqu- ors capable of making ple as drunk as those sold over the bar. Therefore, she is launching a cam. paign among the women to bring about stafe regulation of the sats .f wines and beers and government ro- Zulation of stronger spirits. The is that £7.500,000. salon, she holds, is gone forever. ter, the most eligible bachelor in town, a solid citizen, a pillar of so- ciety, an exponent of law and order, a scholar and a man of means. Now he is serving a term in the House of Correction at Cambridgs and there is a movement afoot to prosecute him on various charges when he is released next month. For all burglaries and fires have ceased in Townsend since Abbott was sent to jail. A regular Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was the little stationmaster local authorities say. For three years he completely fooled Townsend. Then private detectives traced to him a theft from Mrs. Warren, who had pitied him in his loneliness and per- mitted him a room in her big home. He is serving a six month's sentence. Ten years ago, it has been learned since his conviction, he was found guilty of breaking into two churches in Amsterdam, N.Y., and having as- saulted a janitor with a hammer. He was sentenced to jail and when his time expired he dropped from sight. Several years later from Chester, Vt. where several mysterious burglaries took place, he arrived in Townsend and soon won the confidence of the town people. RAILWAY LINES MAY BE SEIZED . o is Appears Inevitable As Both Sides Seem Very . Obstinate. Washington, Aug. 8.--The governmental seizure of the railroads, in thé public interest, today appeared inevitable, as the leaders of both sides in the railroad strike indicated their opposition to President... Hard- ing's latest proposal for settl- ing this menacing dispute. Rejection of the proposal will leave the president with only two moves, administration leaders said, a call for a con- ference between railroad execu- tives and strikers' leaders to settle their troubles, and this failing to take oyer the rail- roads. The president indicated he is nearing the end of his efforts to mediate the dispute. LIVE MODELS SHOW COSTUMES FOR DEAD Style Show to be Feature of Convention of Under- takers. Th Augusta, Me, Aug. 8.--A touch of novelty will be given the drab busi- ness of the annual convention of Maine undertakers here this week when, on the opening today, live models will display funeral gowns. And after discussion of the good and bad points of new styles in burial at- tire, for both sexes, the convention will announce what fashion decrees the deceased shall wear this season. The convention will continue three days. Thinty-five manufacturing firme, from points as far away as Columbus, O., have made reserva- tions for exhibits of burial perqui- sites, London Exchange Stocks Hold Up Under Crisis London, Aug. 8.--Every influence militated against a good showing by the stocks on the London exchange during the last week, and considering 2ll possibilities, it is a wonder that prices did not suffer more. With the Greek crisis, France's ultimatum to Germany; the Balfour note bringing the sore point of the inter-allied debts forcibly to the attention of un- easy debtor nations, the markets have been decidedly séary. Added to all this was the collapse of the mark, which infused the entire foreign ex- change with unstability. ---- i ------ Cost $37, ; To Handle Relief London, Aug. 8.--Unemployment benefit disbursed in Great Britain ia the last two years amounts to £77.- 000,000, it was announced by T. J. MacNamara, minister of labor, at the closing session of parliament. This sum does not include relief granted by local boards of guardians or other relief bodies, but relates to govern- 'ment unemployment insurance. The administration costs of desl ing with the distribution of this re- lief for the same period amounted to -------------------- Premier King promises a strong C.N. R. ; | tia Coal Mines. This Is the Threat Made in: Speech By James B. McLachlin. | "Sydney, N.S., Aug. 8.--"The coal] company by starting to erect fences arogdnd their colleries, the same as ey did during the 1909 strike have started the fight against the miners and the war is now on. We are not going to run away with mines on August 15th as the com- pany would lead the world to be- lieve, but instead we are golng to close them down so tight that they will be as silent as a grave yard." Such was the declaration made by James B. McLachlin, during the course of his speech at a mass meet- ing of the miners held in the Savoy theatre, Glgce Bay, yesterday after- noon. There was a great outburst of cheers when McLachlin took the platform. Continuing, Mr. McLach- lin stated that he remarked last Sunday that he believed "striking on the job" was a success and he still upheld that view. -------------- A TERRIBLE SLAUGHTER. Already 28,000 Lives Reported Lost in Typhoon. Hong Kong, Aug. 8.--The toll of the typhoon, on Aug. 2nd at Swatow already has mounted to twenty-eight thousand dead. Coffins are lacking Ito provide decent burial for many | and bodies are being interred in gun- |ny sacks. The new figures on lives lost were contained in a circular, is- sued yesterday, by the Hong Koug branch of Swatow Chamber of Com- {| merce. | ---------- | WILL STOP FIGHTING. | { If the Socialists Will Stop Provoking Attacks. Rome, Aug. 8.--A lull in fighting between Fascist! and the Socialists, which has been raging since Friday, was reported here to-day. The let up in hostilities was accompanied by la' communique of the Fascist in which it was promised that no furth- er campaigns would be conducted ed and the balance of the grain was rye, inspected on Augyst 1st, 5 3rd and 4th, all grading No. 1 C.W The earliest inspection last year of the new crop was on August 10th | when one car of wheat and fiye cars of rye passed inspection at Winnl- peg. Meanwhile the depletion of stocks at the head of the lakes has crease this week being slightly over a million and a half, as against a two-million-bushel decrease last week, both receipts and shipments having dropped about half a million bushels each. * The decrease took place in all grains, wheat leading, with a lower- ing of a milllon and a quarter bush- els. The stocks of all grains on hand her now total 11,386,618 bushels. Church Makes Protest Against Dance Halls Brockville, Aug. 8.--The Quarterly Eoard of the Methodist church at Iroquois, of which Rev. T. J. Vickery is pastor,-is causing a big stir among residents of that village in protest- ing against the alleged "commercial- ¥sm and exploitation' of the modern dance at the Riverview Dancing Pa- vilion. A request has been made to the village council either to close the pavilion or regulate the hours and the ages of those attending. G. E Dulyea, proprietor of the dance hall, is being conducted in an orderly man- ner, with a constable in attendance benefited to the extent of ninety dol- nie. SEIED CABLE OFFICES AND STOPPED SERVICE The Irish Rebels Were Very Busy and Cable Communi=- cation Stopped. h---- London, Aug. 8.--A cable munication between the United States and Great Britain, France, com- against Socialists "if the latter de- sist from provoking attacks." To Leave For Orient | Aug. 8.--Roscoe | C. (Fatty) Arbuckle, motion picture | comedian, has applied to federal offic lals here for passports for himself | and Harry Brand, his secretary, a business trip ofdndefinite length to i Chine, Japan and Korea. They plan | to sail from San Francisco on Aug- | ust 16th. | a Los Angeles, Cal., Honeymooning in Canoe. Campbellford, Aug. 8.--Mr, and | Mrs. O. P. Storey, Sarnia, who are | trip that will cover over one thous- | and miles, arrived here Saturday, and were given a rousing reception at Trent Bridge, Bradley Bay and other summer resorts along the route of the Trent canal. This unique trip will conclude about the end of Aug- ust, when they return to Sarnia, where they will reside, "WORKS AT 101 YEARS. Anthony Marsell Hoes Corn and Splits Wood. Brockville, Aug. 8.--Although 101 years old, Anthony Marsell, who lives on the second concession of Matilda township with his son, James, is hoe- ing corn and doing other farm work every day. Last winter he insisted upon splitting wood and doing other chores. None of his faculties are said to be impaired ° except his hearing, which is slightly defective. -- DALY OL YIELD OF ONLY SEVENTY BARRELS From the "Discovery" Well at Fort Norman, Is Official Report. Edmonton, Alta. Aug. 8.--"I am afraid it is true," was the comment of Vice-President McQueen, of the Imperial Oil company, when he was asked as to the correctness of the re- port brought here by drillers that the original "discovery" wel at Fort Norman was now producing seventy barrels a day. Mr. McQueen pofnt- ed out that seventy barrels a day at normal was not a commercial pro- poéition owing to the great distance from a rail head. A fresh crew is leaving for the north, and until they report on the conditions of the wel the company has no opmion as to future plans. Drilling will proceed it the crew finds conditions favor- able. The present increased flow is due to the cleaning out of the well. Only four or five barrels a day was Germany, Ireland and northern Ear- ope was badly crippled to-day when the Irish rebels occupied the Wastern tint nme imac. " 9 | Fatty" Arbuckle Planning | Union cable 'station at Valentia, Ire- [30's treatment land. Only three Western Union cables were working out of zance, England. The cables of the Commercial Cables Company were still out of commission, to-day, fol- lowing the seizure by the Irish rob- at Waterville, county Kerry, Ireland, Yesterday. Fighting and Bible Reading Inseparable in China New Yprk, Aug. 8.-~Wars and spending their honeymoon in a canoe | politics around Peking do not inter- | fere with the sale of the Scriptures. The American Bible society has an- its headquarters in Shanghai 187,000 Bibles to the subagency in Peking. This was the largest single shipment ever sent out in the history of the society's work in China. A year ago a record-breaking con- signment of 588 packages was sent by mail, through the eficien: Chinese postoffices, to Szechuen. - Although part of this order fell into the hands of robbers along the Yangise river. the books were ultimately all deliver- ed. Russia Ceases Buying Flour and Sugar Abroad Moscow, Aug. 5.__The Soviet gov- ernment announced yesterday that, owing to the excellent crop pros- pects, the Foreign Trade Department is instructing its bureaus abroad to cease buying flour and sugar. Despite the splendid harvest re- ports, however, food prices in Rus- sia have Increased from 30 to 40 per cent. since the first of this month, Moscow being the chief sufferer. SHIPS ORDERED HOME. Germany Fears Their Seizure at French Ports. Lisbon, Aug. 8.--German ships in the service to and from Brazil have been ordered by their companies to return to their home ports and not to touch any French port for fear of seizure, which France may threaten for Germany's failure to pay repar- ations. 3 Struck by Freight, Brockville, Aug. 8.--Lioyd Knox. trainman of Belleville, was injured in the G. T. R. yards here Saturday afternoon, when he stepped off a ca- boose. in front of a freight train com- ing into the yard. He was struck by the engine, sustaining a wound on the right kmee cap and cuts about the head and face. Knox was taken to a local hospital, where he is con- the production all last winter. : fined fora few days. slowed down a little, the total de-| each evening to enfprce oftter, and | points out that the Methodist church | lars on the occasion of a recent pic- | Y'en- | nounced that 1t recently shipped from | | Recognize Neighbor. Difficulties Between the Two Republics Are About =~ to End. Mexico City, Aug. 8.-- Recognition of Mexico Ly the United States is just around the corner, political ob- servers belléeved here to-day. Rati- fication of the treaty with American bankers by President Obregon, and {the latest note from the United Stat- -es has given impetus to the talk of irecognition. Some believe that re- cognition will come within ninety days and others that it. will coma sooner. The Mexican congress, it is | believed, will back Obregon, and rat- [ity the financial agreement which was drawn up in New York by Fin- {ance Minister de la Huerta and Am- erican financiers. While Obregon has not seen ocor- respondents for nearly two months, it has been learned on good authority that he recently told prominent Am- erican vigitors that be believed the difficulties between the United Stat- es and Mexico would soon be termin= ated. The Mexican press is taking an optimistic view of the situation, and several papers this morning print extras from the new note of the Un~ ited States. Mexican bankers are [quoted as being pleased with the ace {tion taken on the financial treaty. retorts by stating that the pavilion | LORD CURZON BACK AT HIS LONDON POST |The British Foreign Secretary Alleged to be Cured by | Autosuggestion. | London, Aug. 8.---Cured largely {through Professor Emile Coue's auto- {suggestion after having been severely {111 for several months, Lord Curzon i$ now back at his post as foreign | secretary, | When Lord Curzon was obliged to {retire to the couniry because of his illness, it was rumored that he might never return to active public life, but i following Prof. Coue's system, so {much discussed because of its sensa- | tional cures and failures, the foreign | minister hypnotized himself into be- (lieving he is well--and he is. That is the essence of the Paris- The patient must {convinee himself that he is cured and by saturating himself with this idea during all his waking hours he will {gradually recover, | Lady Beatty is one® of those who {credits Prof, Coue with curing her. for [els of the company's station, lo;aced | But the auto-suggestion method came {In for most discussion when its auth- jor was blamed for throwing the pa- |tients of a hospital for shell-shocked jex-soldiers into hysteria which he | was demonstrating his system with {one of them, ] | | HATRED DEMONSTRATED. -- [There is Hot Time in New York's { Chinatown. {| 'New York, Aug. 8.--Long hatred, {that has smouldered in Chinatown | for ten years, following the declara- {tion of a forced peace, by strong arm {squads of police, broke out last night {with a roar of gun fire and to-day, the president of one of the rival bro= therhoods lies dying and a womans companion is in a hospital with gun shot wounds. Chinatown is overrun with police and detectives, who fear deadly reprisels will be quick Ia {coming . . FARMER STUNG TO DEATH. | Working in Aplary When Attacked ! by Bees. | Quebec, Aug. 8.--News reached 'here on Saturday from St. Apollin- aire, Lotbiniere county, of the death of a farmer there as a 'result of hay ing been stung by bees. Thé victim (was George Rousseau, . who was working in his aplary when the bees jattacked him and he was so severely stung that medical assistance was of no avail and he succumbed shortly afterwards. He leaves a widow and seven children, Want Increased Rates, ; Cobourg, Aug. 8.---Francis Dogger, supervisor of telephone systems, | heard the appeal Friday at the courte iroom here of the Haldimand Rural Telephone Company for: permission to increase iis charges to prsons who are not shareholders from $13 to $185. There was little opposition to the re- quest offered. Judgment will be given later, Ty FPP 4 0999949990000 0 LJ + WELSH COAL Now ENROUTE TO TORONTO 4% . Ro « 4 Toronto, Aug. 8.-- The first # consignment: of Welsh coal or- & # dered by the city, is on the way & 4 to Toronto, Mayor Maguire was & 4 informed in a cablegram from + Swansea, Wales, to-day. The & 4 steamship Carrigan is bringing ¢ 4 4,500 tons. : % 0000000000000 004a

Powered by / Alimenté par VITA Toolkit
Privacy Policy