Jerbeck La room 127 1 pate 8 - Avenue separately. : three new houses, in good Street. x Franie H _ shed; all improvemen Street... - ouse, garage "0 E. E.WATHEN NELSON STREET 'PHONE 1891-7. 'When decorating and re-ar- ranging your home, see us for , mew pictures. Choice assortment of the very newest. supplies for sale. on south side of Prim. A hh a The Development Dealt With by Prof. L. M. Arkley The following is part of a paper on "Development of the Art of Heat- ing and Ventilating in Canada," read before the recent semi-annual meet- ing of the, American Society of Heat- ing and Ventilating Engineers at Lexington, Ky., by Mr. L. M. Arkley, professor of Mechanical Engineering in Queen's University, Kingston: The subject of heating and ven- tilating divides naturally into two sections, first the heating and ven- tilation of - comparatively small dwelling houses and the same ap- plied to large buildings, factories and shops. They will be treated in this 'order. The method of heating small dwellings probably progressed in the following order: a Heating by open ventilating flues; b Heating by open fires with ven- tilating flues; ¢ Heating by open fire place with chimney attached; d Heating by box stoves; ¢ Heating 'by box stoves: bricked into form a kind of hot-air furnace; t Heating by the standar8~type of hot-air furnace; g Heating by hot-water systems; h Heating by low pressure steam. One of the first references to this subject may be found in the Pro- ceedings of the Royal Society of Can- ada (1905) where it is stated that, in 1627, Champlain bullt chimneys in 'his "abitation" or combined dwel- ling house and fort, for ventilation purposes. These chimneys were not connected to the fire places, but serv- ed to remove some of the smoke and soot from the rooms. About this time it'is recorded that Louis Herbert and Guillaume Couil- lard, two of the earliest settlers.in Quebec city, built smoke escapes in their homes similar to those of Champlain. They also fitted sashes in the window frames and hung doors, and arranged them all to open and close. In 1670, is found the following de- scription of a typical dwelling which has some bearing on the heating question: *"The four walls were made of logs that would hew to about one foot square, these were fastened se- fives, without calked with moss and plastered with clay." - This construction should give a coefficient of heat transfer of less than 0.1 B.t.u. per sq. ft. per degree 'difference of temperature, which is better than some of the fancy mod- ern wall construction that exists to- day. 'The kitchen had a special fire place for cooking and "two or three chimneys heated the mam part of the house." ' Double windows and doors were also used about this time. The white population of tne whole of Canada was less than 10,000, so that the field for heating engineers was rather limited; and as near as the writer can gather there was no con- troversy on between the advocates of ll "window . ventilation and those who favored the mechanical system. It must be remembered that wood was the fuel used at this time and it 1s recorded that the inhabitants did not realize the"mdvantage of having it dried before using and the result was much sickness, due to the fumes and smoke in the unventilated house. Wood was first sold publicly for fuel in 1647 at Montreal and brought 1 shilling and 8 pence per cord. It held the field as fuel in Canada un- til about 1875 when the old Grand Trunk Rallroad began to use coal The Fire Place. The next development, the large open fire place built of stone with chimney ' attached, came In sbout 1675 and was the standard method of heating and ventilating for years. One of the best examples of these old fire places can be seen to-day in the ults of this old building with its walls of solid mafonry four feet thick are two fire places, 5 ft. wide curely at the corners, and the seams, which was built in 1705. In the|t by 4 ft. high by 8 1-2 ft. deep, in '| practically as good: repair as when they were used over 200 years ago.| ly of Heating ~ And Ventilating in Canada of Queen's University----Interesting Details About Heating Development in Kingston. iron pot or tank for a boiler fitted with drop tubes eighteen inches long which were tapped into the lower sheet and hung over the fire. This bojler was bricked in with a furn- ace long enough to take a four foot stick of wood, The radiators were made of pressed iron sheets riveted at the edges and hela apart 1 1-2 inches by stay belts. The Kingston Custom House was: heated in the same way about the sane year 1855. Hot Air Heating. In 1858 hot air furnaces were used to heat certain bank buildings. These furnaces werd made by bricking in the old cast iron stove leaving an air space around from which the warm air was taken by ducts to the differ- ent rooms. 3 Another interesting hot alr instal- lation was that installed in 1870 in the old stone building at the Royal Military College, used at one time for: training midshipmen for boats on the lakes, but now used as a dor- mitory for the Cadets. In each end of the building was placed a large box stove mounted on wheels on a track. 'These stoves were bricked in and space left around the sides and top for heated alr which was taken in ducts to the nalls in the upper floors; there was no attempt made to ventilate with this system of heating. The object of the wheels and track was to provide a way for cleaning and repairing the furnaces. Hot Water Heating, Perhaps the first building to be heated by hot water was the old Commercial Bank building located at the corner of King and Queen streets where Angrove's foundry now stands. Box coils were used for radiators with cast iron screens to cover the coils and marble slabs on top to im- prove their appearance. The furn- coils instead of the cast iron sections now in use and the furnace was built to take the regulation four foot stick of cord wood. Ths grate of this type of furnace was often made of pipe through which the hot water cir- culated. Among the first buildings heated \ip this way-were Dr. Betts house on Union street, Mr. James Macnee's -house at the corner of Bagot and West streets, and the Court House. Cast irpp furnaces for hot water heating came into use about 1876 and were made by Warden King, of Montreal, among the first residences to be heated in this way were those of Mr, Alexander Gunn and Mg, John Carruthers. Of the larger building a unique system was installed in Rockwood Hospital in 1866, this might be de- scribed as the vault and steam coil system: Narrow halls or vaults were built in the basement, and in these vaults were placed twenty-eight thousand feet of one-inch pipe ar- TRY MAGNESIA FOR STOMACH TROUBLE To Neutralize Acidity and Fermenip- tion. Prevents Indigestion, Sour Gaxsy Stomach. ' P who suffer from indigestion usually have tried epsin, charcoal; drugs and various digestive aids and know these things will not cure thier trouble--in some cases do not even glve reltef. : y But before giving up to chronic 4 ia, jus. try the effect of a 1 surated Magnesia -- not the ordinary commercial carbonate, citrate or milk, but pure Bisurated Magnesia which you can obtain from practically any drug- gist in either powder or tablet form, Take a teaspoonful of the powder or four compressed tablets with a Mttle r after your 'next meal, see what & erence this makes. It will instantly neutralize the da us, Ed et uses r o en! ur, making wind, flatulence, heartburn and the bloated or héavy, lumpy feel- Chateau de Ramesay of Montreal, RE A Boe MY very- you eat. You cam en our without Ta of die anon > Instead of soda hereafter take a little "Phillips Milk of Magnesia" in water any time for indigestion or sour, acid, gassy stomach, and relief will come instantly. Better Than Soda For fifty years genuine "Phillips Milk of Magnesia" has been prescrib- ed by physicians because it over- comes three times as much acid in the stomach as a saturated solution ranged in long coily with return bends and headers. These were sup- plied with live steam' from a boiler plant situated at a lower level so that the condensed steam from the coils drained back to the boilers by gravity. Air from the heating vaults was led to the different rooms in the building. above through tin lined ducts built in the walls. Outside air was taken to the vaults by similar ducts. This system was similar to liament Buildings at Ottawa in 1860, and both contracts were probably carried out by the same engineel, Mr.oC.. Garth," of Montreal. This system is still in use in Rockwood.' The first attempt at combined heating and 'ventilating of large buildings was that of the Old Arts Building of Queen's University in 1875. The halls and some of the rooms were heated by direct radia- tion, the radiators being made with a cast iron base with short pieces of pipe screwed into the top of the base and capped at the other end. In ad- dition to this there were tin lined boxes in the basement in which were placed box coils made of pipe. The alr was taken from outside passed over these coils then up through tin lined ducts to the rooms above, it was 'one of the duties of the janitor to regulate the inflowing air to this box. The 'system was the: old style two pipe system, the boiler being placed in a pit in the basement. Schools were first heated by steam about 1890 and fans for ventilating were first used about 1595. ; The Parliament Buildings. Perhaps no better contrast be- tween heating and ventilation of early and modern large buildings can, be cited than that of tne Parliament Buildings at Ottawa. In 1859, notices were issued invit- ing tenders for heating and ventilat- ing the main Parliament Building and two large D imental Build- ings. The successful bidder was C. Garth of Montreal and the following description of the system he employ- ed is taken from the report of a Com- mission printed in 186%. "The mode of heating embraced by Mr. Garth's contract 1s a combina- tion of the steam coil and vault sys- tem, In the system vaults or chambers ; are built un= derneath the building in which coils of iron pipe are placed, in this way all the air used is heated and then conveyed through flues in: the walls to the rooms. The boiler room is outside the building to ve heated and placed 10 ft. lower than the steam | coils, in order to save "eat and to make it possible to get the returns back to the bollers by gravity. Ven- tilation is provided as follows: ex- ternal air is supplied to the heating vaults through long underground ducts, in this way it 1s tempered and | does not cause trouble from: exces- sive condemsation in the pipes first coming in contact with the air. Cir- culation of the air is secured by plac- ing two 24 in. iron smoke pipes from the boilers inside a ventilating shaft 15 ft. square by 128 ft. high. Tha heat from the smoke pipes rarefies the air in the shaft and causes suf- ficient suction to remove the vitiated alr from the Legislative chambers and the library to which the venti- lating shaft is attached. The heated air 1s Introduced overhead and the vitiated air drawn off near the floor which is known as the 'downward method of ventilation'.™ ---- Modern System. The modern heating and ventilat- ing system designed hy Mr. M. F. Thomas of Toronto, for the ew 7 J = & i fi i HEF that employed to heat the first Par-| THE DAILY BRITISH WHIG PHILLIPS Milk of Magnesia of bicarbonate of sods, leaving the stomach sweet and free from all gases, Besides, it neutralizes acid fermentations in the bowels and gent- ly urges this souring waste from the system without purging. It. is far more pleasant to take than soda. Insist Upon "Phillips™ Fach bottle contains full tions. Any drug store. : ' from all locker rooms and lavatories. ston came from Mr. J. J. Druce of the firm "of McKelvey & Birch (founded in 1854), and Mr. David Hall, a former employee of the firm also contributed. LETTERS To The Editor Of The Whig Amherst Island Questions. Sir:--In your issue of the 29th ult, I see that a writer informs us that she has discovered a panacea for the ferry troubles and instead of the all water cure she will now treat us in the future to a little electricity with the aid of her good friend, A. M. Rankin, M.P.P. Is Miss Boyle aware that Mr. Mil- ler made the remark on the platform sixteen months age that he wished to be reeve for six months only, and in that time he would have the ferry in operation. I wish to say that a man with business ability would have had everything in shape months ago, and given the electors a vote on it. Why the delay? For the sim- ple reason that things are not work- ing ®0 smoothly as he wishes and are'not likely to. I wish to say that Mr. Miller has made the remark that he does not intend to give tha elec- tors a vote on the ferry question. This I can vérify. What assurance is there that our next reeve is going to carry out the little role of Mr. Miller in a manner as satisfactorily to him as Mr. Patterson did in the past? What assurance is there. that this $6,800 will ever be used towards the building of a ferry? What assur- ance is there that this grant from the provincial government, will be given in the. future if not used as designated. abt - Miss Boyle gives me the advice to get out of the rut. I wonder if she means the ruts and holes created on our roads for the crying lack of $6,- 300 in an imaginery trust fund, in- stead of being used as designated, and we wouldn't have been treated to the spectacle of three autos ahd a load of hay being mired on our main travelled -road in a radius of one mile, not speaking of the rest of the island which, is in a similar condi- tion and shouldn't be if that 1,600 odd dollars: kept back yearly for the past four yedr, had heen wisely ex- pended. : However we look for a remedy In our road comstruction gang. who are expected to run true to form and in consequence we can look for the grader coming along any day; with our road overseer manipulating the 'wheel on top accompanied by two men driving four horses, who will pass along, gather in the cobwebs on the outer edge, squeeze up a little dirt in' the centre, put in the day in some manner, present their bill to our worthy council. Twel dollars please, for tha operation. 3 I think Miss Boylgds quite incon- Most of the data regarding King- Hl {lil +157 PRINCESS ST. fest daug TEN TES ~ v A NEW AND BETTER SHEATHING "BUILD FOR WARMTH" ALLAN LUMBER CO. 'Phone. | 042. Victoria Street FORT GARRY CAFE | 'WE SERVE THE VERY BEST MEALS. Drop in and enjoy the good things we have preparedd Our desire is Good Meals and Best Service. Bp EDWARD LEE, Proprietor 'PHONE 201. PIPE AN fu P El : FURNACES The only house that is properly heated is the house in which every room is properly heated. A BANNER Furnac steady heat all throug all day and all night. No other ° heating system compares with with the "BANNER" for liv- g comfort and economy in fuel. Ask our dealer or write to us direct for Booklets describing BANNER Furnaces. The Gait: Stove & Furnace Co, Lid, gives you the house a ard no other furnace com- Galt, Ont. sistent when she expects the fare on the steamer Brockville to be reduced prder $1.00. It is quite true that My. Campbell could withdraw said steamer from the route at any time, but your Mr. Campbell, as a gentle- man, has assured us of a boat ser- vice for this season and did some ac- cident unexpected® or unavoidable take place that sald steamer be withdrawn. Mr. Campbell would see that we were given transportation on some other boat. : Stella, June 2. GEORGE T., HOWARD, R. R. No. 2 SHARBOT LAKE WEDDING on the 2nd of June Sharbot Lake, June 5.---- At high noon on Wednesday last, the home, of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Chambers, Shar- bot Lake, was the scene of a spring wedding when theif second young- Titer, Margaret Elsie, be- came the bride of Mr. Russell Arm- strong, youngest son of Mr. and Mrs. Sdémuel Armstrong. Rev. H. Cole- man officiated. The charming young bride entered the parlor to the strains of Mendelssohn's wedding march with her father, who gave her in mar- riage. She was beautifully gowned in white silk flat crepe, with touches of georgette and pearls. She carried a lovely bouquet of Ophella Jwith streamers ult roses and maiden-hair fern. Sho wore the groom's gift, a handsome three strand pear! necklace. She was at~ tended by Miss Helen Chambers, her sister, who wore pale sand crepe chene and carried a lovely bouq Mr. William England supported B groom. The bridal couple stood u an arch of evergreens, decorated wit streamers and bells. The music was rendered by Mrs. William Armstrong. Following the ceremony, the guests assembled to the dining room, where. a dainty lunch was served. The roo| and -table was tastefully decorat and flowers. T) groom's gifts to the bridesmaid a organist were gold bar pins, wi black onyx and pearls, and to the groomsman a gold watch chain, The newly-weds received many useful presents showing to the esteem in . which they were held. 3 . Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong later my ored to Sharbot Lake, and depari the train fox eastern points, showers of rice and good wsih The bride travelled in a sandalwood colored flat silk crepe dress, with navy blue coat and hat to match. On théir return, they will reside at To- ronto, where the groom is an eme ployee of the C.P.R. "The out-of-town guests included Mr. and Mrs. D. Bustard, Mr. and Mrs. R. Grimshaw and daughter Lilian, Mr. and Mrs. D. Andrews, Mp. & James Andrews, Misses Jessie - | Emma Sharp and Mr. Leslie ny " ol ~ Children Cry For