1.135 Ibs. of milk daily ¥ Feeding Grain on Pasture. v 4 The man who is in the dairy busi- ness in a big way recognizes that if his cows are going to yield him the greatest profits he must feed some grain or meal while they are on past- ure no matter how luxuriant it may ibe. The ordinary farmer who only keeps six or seven cows, these usually grade Shorthorns, on the other hand, usually tries to make his cows. get through the summer without any 'grain. If the pasture is good and the cow is giving under 16 pounds of milk per day, this is legitimate, but if the cow is giving over 16 pounds of milk per day is should be fed some grain. Prof. 8. H. Eckles, of the Univer- sity of Missouri, suggests the follow- ing named quantities of grain with abundant pasture for varying produc- tion: \ Jersey cow producing 20 1bs. of milk daily .. 3 Ibs. 26 bs. of milk daily ..4 tbs. 30 Ibs. of milk daily .. 6 Ibs, .. 8 Ibs, 40 ibs, of milk daily . 10 lbs. Prince Edward Island's crop is above the average. Sheep holdings in Prince Edward Island are on the increase. High winds have caused consider- . able e to Western Ontario ap- ple cro : The potato crop 1s very light, but reports indicate that the quality is unusually good. . No. 1 Ontario Wealthies realized up to 43 shillings in Glasgow last week. 5 No. 1 Snows have been selling up to $5 and $5.50 in Montreal, and Mc: Intosh a dollar higher. . . Even spotted apples from Virgini sold up to thirty and thirty-two shil- lings ip Glasgow last week. . Ben Daxis and Baldwins each make up over one-eighth of the United States apple crop this year. United States apple crop is esti- mated at 67,769,000 barrels for 1916, as compared with 76,670,000 last year. Less than 10 per cent, of the ap- ples shipped from the Georgian Bay district up to Bept. 22nd graded of grain of grain of grain of grain of grain potato Holstein-Freisian or 'Ayrshire cow producing 25 Ibs. of milk daily ... 30 bs. of milk daily .. 35 Ibs. of milk daily -. . 40 1bs. of milk daily .. 9 lbs. of grain 50 bs. of milk daily . 10 lbs. of grain While this is, of course, an arbit- rary rule and variations should be made to suit different copditions and individual cows, it is ip/ accord with good feeding practice /and probably is as good a rule of its kind as has been formulated. For cows of medium production it is usually more economical to feed silage or some green crop rather than grain for supplementing short past- urage. In supplementing pasture with grain, it should be remembered that the percentage of protein in the grain ration need not be the same as for winter feeding. Good pasture is an approximately balanced ration. The grain ration to be fed with past- ure grass should, therefore, have ap- proximately the same proportion of 'protein to other nutrients. In the case of extra heavy producers the per- centage of protein in the grain mix- ture should be somewhat greater. 3 bs, of grain 5 Ibs. of grain 7 lbs. of grain Spies. in Brighton district will 'not run 10 per cent. No. 1, and packers are putting up a good grade of No. 3. Much more care and attention is being given to poultry in Prince Ed- ward Island than was the case a few years ago. The New York hop year full of promise. cent years growers losses from blight. Particular care will have to be given to tramping in the gilgs.this year, because so much of the corn has been partially dried by frost. However high the standard of the ewes may be, it cannot be retained without resorting to the use of the best and most suitable sires avail. able, Onion growers in New York and Ohio who have sound stock of good quality are more inclined to hold and store than to dispose of their season's produce at once. The secret of the most economical beef production is a proper start in life for the beef calf. It should never be allowed to lose the baby flesh. At a sale of pure-bred Jerseys in England five bulls averaged £25 6s 1d, and twenty-seven cows and heifers £34 17s 8d. One two-year-old heifer feiched 105 guineas, At a sale of dairy Shorthorns in crop is this In several re- suffered heavy No. 1. Pr my Toronto. Oct. 13,--Receipts of live stock at the Union Stock Yards this Som ing a0) at cattle, 33 calves, ,219 hogs, he Everything was cleaned up at un- Export ttle, choice, $7.76 to 8.25; butcher cattle, choice, $7.25 to : 1.50; Tetin; Je.50 to $6.90; com- mon, $6 to $5.50; butcher heh Sods to $6.60; medium, canners, $3.50 to to $6.85; feeding . 8 7.26 6.50; and 8] Ewes, $3 to Hogs, fed $6 to $12. 0 to $11. Colves, pn Ohicago. Chicago, Oct. 13.--Cattle receipts 7,000, market , mative deel cattle $6.60 to $11.40, western steers, $6.15 to $9.30, stockers and feaders $4.76 to $7.75, cows and heifers $3.50 to $9.30, calves $7.25 to $11.50. Hogs, receipts 20,000, market slow at 10¢ above yesterday's average. Light $9.35 to $10.25, mix- ed $9.40 to $10.35, heavy $9.35 to $10.25, rough $9.35 to $9.55, pigs, $7.26 to $9.30, bulk of sales $9.70 to $10.15. Sheep, receipts 18,000, wothers $6.50 to et steady, $8.20, lambs, native, $7.50 to $10.30. | » Buffalo, Bast Buffalo, Oct..13.--Cattle, re- pts 300, steady. Veals, receipts , active, $4.60 to $13,50. Hogs, , 1,000, active; heavy and, $10.35 to $10.35; 1 nl 0.26; light yorkers $9.50 . stags $7.50 COWS $T 9.25 9.50; |. yh to § England an average of £80 per head Trans The Latest Market Reports | jute, $8.80; strong bakers in jute, $8.60, Toronto, Ontario flour--New winter, $7.50, in bags, track Toronto, prompt ship- ment. Millfeed--Car lots, delivered Mont- real, shorts, $32; bran, $29 to $30; good feed flour, per bag, $2.50; mid- dlings,) $35. Hay---Baled, No. 1 track, Toronto, best grade new hay, car lots, $10 to $12; No. 2, $9 to $9.50; straw, $6 to Minneapolis. * Minneapolis, Oct, 13--Wheat--De- cember, $1.70% ; May, $1.66 3-8 to $1.66%. Cash No. 1 hard, $1.78%; No. 1 nothern, $1.76 3-8 to $1.77 3-8; No. 2 northern, in % to $1.73 3-8, Corn--No. 3 yelldw, 89%e¢c to 00 %e. Oats--No.. 3 'white, 45%¢c. Flour-- Pncijtuged. Bran -- $22.50 to 23.50. Duluth. Duluth, Oct, 13 --Wheat--No. 1 hard, $1.78%; No. 1 northern, $1.75% to $1.77%;: No. 2 dé, $1.67% to $1.72%; December, $1.70% asked; May, $1.66 bid. Liverpool. Liverpool, Oet. 13.--Wheat--S8pot, steady; No, 1 Manitoba, 15s 4d; No. was realized. Ordinary English milk- ers are bringing £30 to £35, or double the price of two years ago. At a sale of 300 Suffolk rams in England prices ran up to thirty, thirty-two and thirty-seven guineas. Two consignments made averages of £21 6s 3d and £21 9s 3d, respectively. Pigs in England are fetching 13s 6d a score live weight, which, in the opinion of a correspondent of The English Farmer and Stock Breeder, does not leave a very great margin of profit, with all feeding stuffs so dear and difficult to get. ' As a general rule, lambs would he better of fairly early weaning. After the average lamb has reached the age of from four to five months, he will do better to 'be placed apart from the ewes on good, fresh pastyre and well fed, rather than being left with the dam.--Farmers' Advocate. Before the discovery of a success- ful hog-cholera serum it seemed 'as though in parts of = America hog- raising would be swept out of exist- ence. In Nevada many farmers be- came afraid to raise hogs, because of the losses from cholera. Later, up to 1915 the total number raised in- creased greatly when an effective serum treatment was devised. % United States Bean Crop. In spité of the fact that the acre- age of beans in the United States has been steadily growing since 1814, it is a peculiar faet that production has been falling off just as steadily. This year's crop of 936,000 acres yielded 9,869,000 bushels or 10.5 per acre, while 1915 gave 11, and 1914 132 bushels. § California, Michigan and New York are the main bean-producing states, with California leading this year in production and Michigan in acreage. Heavy picking is required in Michi- gan and New York, but in CaMfornia we are informed.that picking is nqt a common process. w Costly Hog Feed. Exhaustive experiments at the Mis- souri. Station show 'that 469 pounds of a ration consisting of 10 parts wheat and one part tankage are re- quired to produce 100 pounds of pork. This means 7.1 WBushels of wheat anid 42 pounds of 'tankage, which, with wheat at $1.25 per bushel and tankage at $50 per ton and grinding the wheat at 10 cents per - hundredweight, would mean a feed cost of about $10.35 per hund- redweight of pork produced. It would be cheaper to sell the wheat nd purchase middlings and barley or corn to feed fifty-pound pigs. Annapolis Valley apples are largely grading up to No. 1. Kitchener, 36¢ to 38¢: London, 40c; Owen Sound, 33c; Peterboro, 38¢ to 42¢; Port Hope, 85¢c; St. Thomas, 38¢c to 40¢; and Woodstock, 33c to 88¢ per dozen. . ' Butter. Belleville, 43¢ to 46¢ per pound; Brantford, 38¢ to 40¢; Cobourg, 37¢ to 38c; Guelph, 39¢c to 40c; Hamil- ton, 40c to 42c; Kitchener, 37¢ to 388¢; London, 38¢ to 43c¢c; Owen Sound, 33¢; Peterboro, 38c to 42¢; Port Hope, 35c¢; St. Thomas, 40c; and Woodstock, 40c per 1b. meth Chickens. Belleville, 20¢c to 24¢ per pound; Brantford, 20c to 23¢c; Cobourg, 20¢; Guelph, 18¢c; Hamilton, 20c to 26¢; Kitchener, 20c to 22¢; London, 18c¢ to 20¢; Owen Sound, 18¢ to 19¢; Peterboro, 15¢ to 18¢c; Port Hope, 20c to 23¢c; St. Thomas, 18¢ to 21¢; Woodstock, 20¢ per pound. Cmt-- Potatoes, Brantford, $1.50 per bushel; Co- bourg, $1.25; Chatham, $2; Guelph, $1.70; Hamilton, $1.15 to §1.40; Kitchener, $1.25 to $1.30; London, $1.10 to $1.40; Owen Sound, $1.30 to $1.60: Peterboro, $1.60; Pert Hope, $1.40; St. Thomas, $1.30 to $1.60: and Woodstock, $1.50 per bushel. = . Wheat. Belleville, $1.40 per bushel; Brantford, $1.40 to $1.45; Guelph, $1.50; Hamilton, $1.35 to $1.40; er, + $1.40; London, $1.50; 2 do, 14s 11d; ; 14s 7d, Corn--8pot, erican mixed, new, 10s Winter patents, 47s. don (Pacific coast)--£4 15s 6s. Hops in Lon- to £5 - wen Sound, $1.50; Peterboro, $1.- 35; St. Thomas, $1.50; Port Hope, $1.45 to $1.50; Cobourg, $1.40; and Woodstock, $1.40; : Oats. Belleville, 50c to 53¢ per bushel; §0e to 60c; Cobourg, | Worse Wil Yet Be in Good Demand. This year is a remarkable one in horse circles in Canada. Owing to the demand for horses in Europe an easy sale of all classes has been look- ed.for by the breeders, and farmers who raise a few more animals than they can use at home, but the demand has not appeared here, with the re- sult that horsemen are becoming somewhat discouraged and are be- ginning to feel that to intrease their live stock of this variety would be a mistake, One result of this apathy was the reduced number of horse en- tries at the Canadian National, yet it seems that the men who know most about the horse business, on account of their close touch with it, are satis- fied that it is safe to keep on with the heavy horses at least, That the war in Europe has not interfered with the Old Country precedent but rather encouraged them, is shown by the interest taken in the Scotch and Eng- lish shows, and the good all-round prices obtained at the principal sales of breeding stock; extraordinary prices in fact have been realized for pedigreed Clydes in spite of the fact that there has been hardly any ex- port of these animals from Scotland through 1915 and 1916. The total number of harses of that breed ex- ported during 1915, up to November was only 45, whéreas a few years ago the number was 1,600. The figures gathered by the En- rolment of Stallions Board of 1916 show that, although the total enrol- ment has not been so large as in pre- vious years, the percentage of pure breds is greater than before, and it is believed that there are fewer grade stallions being' used, because though the majority of them are now enrolled their né¥mbgr is small in proportion to the pure breds. In other words, the new law requiring the inspection of all stallions, and the announcement of a law pending, which will do'away with all but pure- bred stallions for stad. purposes, 'is causing owners to get rid of their grade animals. This speaks well for the possible quality of the horses of this country in the future, and is specially encouraging in regard to heavy horses, as 80 per cent. of the stallions enrolled are of that class. The chief trouble in the horse business seems to Jatre in the light- weight breeds, and this fact was de- monstrated at the Canadian National Exhibition by.the lack of numbers in the classes. Another fact noticed and commented on by one of the best judges 'was that some of the light horses----the younger ones. especially, per acre 'to be rather light this year. ths quote alsike at $8. to $8.76 per bushel, according to the quality," and timothy from 2¢ to 3c per pound for the poorer samples, and bc to Bc for the better ones. ) Homey at Toronto. Clover honey is unchanged in the. market quotations at Toronto this week, but buckwheat is advanced 3c by Gunns, with the range as fol- lows: Clover honey in small pack- ages, 10c per pound; large packages, 9%c, and buckwheat, 7c. Potatoes at Toronto. This week' New Brunswick Dele- wares are quoted around $1.66 per i tish Columbia, $1.65, and Prince Edwards, $1.50 per bag. There latter are a new feature in Ontario markets. In the past the Prince Edward Island crop has been loaded on boats and sold at Ameri- can ports. ut recently a car ferry has been put into operation between the Island and Nova Scotia, which permits of cars being loaded on' the Island, shipped across to the main- land, and whirled off to the Ontario and Quebec markets, where they are given a good reception. The Prince Edward Island potatoes figure here this year for the first time in many years. : Beans at Montreal. The Montreal quotations for beans remain unchanged from week to week. Canadian hand-picked lots are still selling at $6.75 to $7; three- pound pickers are quoted at $5.75 to $6; five-pound pickers, $5.60 to $5.65; six and seven-pound pickers, $5.25 to $5.50. a hat. ron "4 Hogs, live, cwt. ., were not as well turned out, nor as well educated as they should be. This want of fitting was, however, put down to the lack of labor which ex- ists at present, yet the most of the heavy horses at the show were in splendid condition every way. That. the farmers of Ontario are, to such a great extent, interested in the breeding of heavy horses is a goobd thing, as for this class there is and will be the greater demand Standard-bred breeders know their market and, as a rule, deal direct with those people who develop their animals to advantage, and the busi- ness in this breed is not one for the general farmer, as the work with such animals ig somewhat out of His line, taking, as it does, special know- ledge and a great deal of time. The horse that might well be given more consideration by the average farmer is the Hackney. His breed is a good one and, beside the possibility of his development into a very high- priced harness or saddle horse, there is the assurance that he will in most cases be found a vhluable animal on the farm, ds he has a great deal of spirit, is heavy enough for nearly all agricultural work and can move at good speed on the road. With the careful selection of stallions, with a view to maintaining size and all- round action, the Hackney wiil no doubt increase in popularity, as the improvement in the roads of the coun- try advances. This improvement in the roads is one matter that can be looked to as a cause for increased demand for all pleasure horses; ponies and road- sters will no doubt come into their own again after the war, in spite of the popularity of the automobile, and, in fact, there is great reason that the breeders of all classes of horses should feel encouraged. One thing though must be recognized, namely, that quality is going te count more than ever in the horses of the future, and the experience of this year shows that a poor specimen is better dead than eating his head off. The H Crop, This year's honey yield in the Un- in' Ontario. In only one state this year (Wyomipg) did the yield for colony<run up to 100 pounds (spring count) 1 pounds being the top limit low Wyoming. Throughout the States the average this year is 46.1 pounds per colony, which was an Improvement of only 10 pounds over last year. Ontario's average this year has been 89.6 pounds. Reports from all over Ontario in- dicate that apples are sizing up bet- ter than. expected, and are coloring well, 'The crop is, however, a very light "one, with an unusually large proportion of scabby fruit. % §, local, bskt. Potatoes, sweet, 1b Quinces, basket -.. Tomatoes, Ib... .. | Watermelons, eich 75 1 1.26 6 .s bo Barley, bush. .... Bran ton ... .. .. Buckwheat,: bush. | Corn, cracked, cwt. Corn meal, ewt. .. Corn, yellow feed wi Sh ur, ewt. .. .. . Food flour, bag . .. Hay, baled, ton .. Hay, loose, ton .. Oats, local, bush.. Oats; Man., bush. Shorts, middlings . Straw, baled, ton. . Straw, loose, ton. Wheat, local, bush. H . White ex pe 1b Beet. | hun Cuts, Ib .. Local, carcase, lb. Local, hinds, 1b... . Western, carcase 134 Western, hinds, 1b. Western, fronts, Ib Hogs, dresser, ewt. Lambs, spring, by carcase, 1b. Veal, by ecarcase, + ee sas i -- . Hons, live, b.... urkeys, ee. A ---- 6 1.50 2.00 40 05 1.00 1.76 cured, Ib. 16 el Manas i Ro le 1b. -. bing the Hamess. . { The most important point in caring for harness is to keep the leather soft and pliable; tii®"can be done only by keeping it well charged with oil and grease. All work harness should be thoroughly cleaned, washed and ofled twice a year. To:do this, the harness showid®be taken apart and 'then alt the plain leather straps should be thoroughly washed in warm water to which a little soda has been added. Scrub it well with a brush or a cloth to remove all dust, dirt and grease, The leather should be allowed to remain in the water any longer than is necessary or the stitching may be injured. Wash one strap and hang it up to dry and then take another, In this way, by .the time the last straps are washed the first are ready to be oiled. Work each piece well with the hands until it becomes pli- able. Patent and enamelled leather shzuld not be put into the water at ali¥®bhut it should be rubbed with a cloth 'moistened in warm water. Af- ter washing, the leather ought to be oiled while still soft and pliable, and bafore the drying is complete, so that the oil will strike in well." Lay out each strap on a board, and oil well with pure neat's-foot or cod liver oil. * The first is an excellent oil for harness, but cod liver.oil hds the ad- vantage of keeping away rats and mice; they will never bother harness that has had a dressing of this oil. Take one strap at a time and give it thorough treatment. A paint brush may be used to apply the first dress. ing of oil. Let the straps lle over =~ night in a warm room and then go over them again. Work each strap through the hands this time in order to make it pliable. Now hang the harness up and allow it to drain and dry thoroughly before putting it to- gether, also wipe all parts off with a cloth in order to remove the surplus oil which otherwise would eatch dust and dirt, : : If the harness needs blacking, how is the time to attend to this werk while it is apart. Use vinegar black on the red spots and apply any stand- ard make of harness black to the other parts. Or you can obtain the nfaterials and make your own har- ness blacking, as follows: First dis- solve together over a slow fire three ounces of turpentine and two ounces of white wax. Then add one ounce of ivory black and one dram of in- digo, well pulverized and stir until cold. Apply thin. All broken and weak places in the harness should be mended at this time, . Every farmer should have a simple repair outfit for harness, such as a leather punch, copper rivets and™ a sewing outfit. At any tim& when the harnesy begins ripping, take a few minutes and make the necessary repairs. This will often save a breakdown while at work, and it may eliminate the necessity of b 5 a new set of harneds, wt' * Keeping Vegetables. f ~The essential conditions for the Storage of all root crops, including such vegetables as potatoes, beets, carrots, horse radish, parsnip, winter radish ruta-baga, saisify, turnip, khol-rabi and also cabbage, are that they be kept. cool and moist, away from air currents. Storing should be done as late as possible, avoiding freezing. J These conditions may be met in several ways, The simplest for home use where only a few of each are to be stored, is to place them in a-box of moist sand or soil in layers and leave in a cool part of the cellar. Where larger quantities are to be kept, they may be put in what is known as an out-of-door pit. . Only whole specimens free from disease 4 tion from other countries, says The .| valu of the raw as shipped from | 000, market | HE should be used. The method is as M'krats spring, large Do, mediam .... Do. small . M'krats, winter, large Do. medium .... Do. small ...... Racdcoon, large . medium 50 10 25 50 50 25 50 1. AOR ys vneis. Oe CANADIAN ASBESTOS. Manufacture Must Wait Until Coun try Is Bigger. Most of the mining men interested in the output of asbestos in Canada would like to see more of the raw material manffactured at home, but at present they do not see how that can be done without exposing the present mining industry to competi- Toronto Globe. The Eastern Town. ships Boards of Trade in a recent reé- solution indicated that the products manufactured 'the raw material shipped from a had a value of about $70,000,000, whereas the was approximately $3,000, The suggestion by the Boards of Trade in question was that by plae- ing an embargo on the exportation of the raw material all the factories . handling the raw would be situated in the district most conveniently lo- cated for obtaining it. ready | stated; this tendency would be wel- comed by present 'mine operators, whose case is put by a note to the August Bulletin of the Canadian Ross, who says: The asbestos industry in this coun try has, up to the present, with one exception, been limited to the duction of raw material, and this has expo! . in ever-increasing ! uantities to all parts of the world. | exception that I have in mind is a ] i i Mining Institute from Mr. W. ei follows: yThe vegetables are placed in a conical 'pile on the surface of the ground in a well-drained location. A covering of six to eight inches of straw or litter is then placed over them; and a covering of as much soil, commencing at the bottom and work- ing toward the top. In severe chi- mates a later covering of manure may be necessary as soon as the soil reezes. In this way, vegetables may be kept in perfect condition until well along in the spring. ' Betting on Hogs. i Wagers have been made that no \ packing droves will be put up at Chi- cago during the coming winter pack- ing season under $9. Packers are go- ing into the winter with bare cellar floors and will be disposed to accu- mulate, Hogs have been making money for everybddy. It is a com- mon belief that the winter aceumu- lation will cost more money than any that packers have ever put away. As pointed out oy you, Canada can or ought to be able to supply the re- quirements ol thé British Empire in raw asbestos, but manufacturers are Soak th buy in tha cheapest market. ¢ principal Eng- lish manufacturers bave used quantities of Russian crudes ot Canadian, It is admitted that it is good as Canadian, and for the higher grades of goods they must look to Canada for their require- ments, but for the cheap classes of not as r ental manufacturers who are compet- ing with one another for trade have shown & preference for Russian crudes, and this {s mainly due te the price, which is lower than that of the Canadian quality. ly used in the textile branch of industry. © wy war Family. On his little farm in Oshawa, Ont., Mr. A. W. Brown is having a jolly are abroad in the dom and liberty. sters represent four families, and Mr. Brown fs keeping an eye on them all "until . "In addition to three soms-in-law who front," said Mr, Brown to News. "I have dlso two ) in-law and four nephews ¢ fighting line, and a relation mine who went to the first Canadian af fe E Es - i it it