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Ld ~~ : SHE DRYDEN OBSERVER CANADA LAID FIRST CABLE. OXDRIEFT Used in Millions | of Tea-Pots Daily Its Intrinsic goodness in Tea Quality ~ makes it the most Economical in Use = = Earliest Messages Were Exchanged Sixtysone Years Ago. @ The first messages to cross the Atlantic by cable were exchanged August 16, 1858. The first submarine . eable on this side of the Atlantic wa that between New Brunswick anc Prince Edward Island, a distance of ten miles; by the Governments of the two provinces in" 1851. The second cable in America 'was also laid by Canadian enterprise between Cape Breton and Newfoundland, a distance of 85 miles, in 1856. 3 The idea of laying a cable across the Atlantic originated not with Cy- rus W. Field, who organized the com pany that was ultimately successful in the enterprise, but with Frederick Newton @isborne, an Englishman who came to Canada in 1845 and gpent the first two years with his brother, Hartley, on a farm near St. Bustache, Quebec. Becoming inter- ested in electric telegraphy, then showing possibilities of commereial development, the brothers studied the Morse alphabet and secured em- ployment with the Montreal Tele- graph Co. as operators in 1847, Frederick Gisborne ov-ningi the first office in Quebec. ; Some years later Hartley Gis- 'borne. went to Bgypt, where he be- came director of the state telegraphs. Frederick hécame associated with the organization of the British North American Electric Telegraph Asso- ciation and was deputed to visit New Brunswick and Nova Scotia with the purpose of connecting those provinces with the other Canadas by telegraphs. His representations proving accept- able, he was appointed superinten- dent and chief operator of the Gov- ernment lines at Halifax, 1849 to 1851, during which period he became ~The members of the Oxd: MW. I. met at the bine 2 1 Pollard on Thursday, Fe . Mrs J. Spalding pave. entitled "The Hayseed' alc ¢ other 'The Bishop and the Ke which was quite a Tow ha | sketch. Nirs A. E. EF. o0 gave a paper on "How tc a oi or treat a serious cold", which n. {oubt will prove quite beneficia: .0 quite a few members. Tk secretary was instructed to ser 310 to the Armenian Fund. The next meeting will be held at the home of Mrs Harry Pateman, March 18th, when Mrs J. Adams and Mrs Pateman will give some more useful hints or demonstra- tions. It was decided to have a colection box on the table each month for those who cared to supply funds for help when nec- essary for various funds. Next meeting at 2 p.m. March 18th. HUA 1 i} Cheerful Evenings at The gravel pit opened on Mr S. Richardson's lot for the gov- srnment use for good roads i= yoing ahead fast. Every Oxdrift 'atmer who can possibly leave home is rushing his team to and 'ro from the gravel pit to: main yovernment road. Their main ob- ject in view is good roads and as quickly as possible. The hauls are very long and hard on teams, cet good roads. There is lots of help with the shovels, all working away and all in good spirits. What a fine thing it would be 1 tie community hall site was se- cw ed now and gravel dumped for [ sundation while the pit is open. Quite a few of those cnergetic fzrimers and their sons wi'l donate 5 each to Lily build a conm- wunity hall in Oxdrift. We all live in hopes of sceing that lovely <~hool used for school perposes alure, ard our dances, meetings, and entertainments held in the "drift Community Fall?---1921 ar 1922. : sulating wire in rubber covering to carry the electric current under water. After successful experiment- ation he prevailed upon the Govern- ments of Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick to lay the short cahle under Northumberland Strait in 1852. He then proposed the laying of a submarine cable from Cape Bre ton to Newfoundland and the further extension of cable service from New- foundland to Ireland.' To enlist capi- tal for this later enterprise, he wont to New York in the winter of 1853- 1854 and there met Cyrus W. Field. The outcome of the interviews with Cyrus Field was the organization of the New York, Newfoundland and London Telegraph Co., and, the sie- cessful laying of the Atlantic cable in 1857; but Frederick Newton Gis- borne was nevertheless the origina- tor of the idea and prime mover of the enterprise. In 1856 he complet- ed a land telegraph line across New- foundland that was utilized as a part "of the first cable system. Up to 1854 Cyrus W. Field was not interested in the possibilities of the submarine cable; before meet- ing Frederick Gisborne he was a moderately wealthy dealer in paper stock. in New York City. 'Are more enjoyable than any outside entertain- No ment. To ensure these, what you need is a-200d Gramophone. We will provide you with such an : J Sz instrument, for cash or on the easy payment plan. The best Records in great variety. Finest selections by the best living artistes. J+ is with regret that we have | tc 1eport the ill Lealth of Mrs I. Crerar, who hes had 1 nervous breakdown. Tier many friends v.ich her a speedy recovery. Come and hear them before you buy. 'While you are listening you can have an oppor- Mr A. Browning has cleared ¢100 from one acre of peas this tunity to inspect our line of Tle : i year, selling them at 11c a pound. ctrical labor- Hot : a fs Dryden, Ont. Opposite fhe CPR Station saving devices--Ranges, Toasters, Calls EE Poi Wododen Money. Who ever heard of wooden money % The only known currency of this kind {s issued by the Hudson Bay Co, : and circulates all over the vast ter- ritory controlled by that powerful trading concern. ; It is a coinage consisting of pieces of wood known as "castors," which are stamped with a die. These are accepted everywhere in that territory gs cash, and are exchangeable for all arts of supplies and commodities at the widely scattered stations of the corpeviation. : 0 The area governed by the com- pany is vast. In one straight line it extends as far as from London to Mecea; from King's Posts. to the 1 Pelly Banks is further than from Bo Coat Pov Irons, Washers, Wringers, Lamps, Vacuum Cleaners, Bed Warm- % --p------------ 'Meals served at any Hour gain ers, ete., ete. ~All sold on easy terms to suit your purse. _ Qur aim is to install these conveniences in every home in Dryden. Our prices and terms are arran- GOOD MENU Paris to Sarmacand, Over all of this ; is possible. SLE eters. dominion, smploy. (he na: : . ¥ ete ion, en h a= ged with a view to make this possible. _ |REASONABLE PRICES. {Pri cuiedy mploy fhe, ns Crees, to collect the furs which fur- nished {ts revenue. : : Hudson Bay is about two-thirds the size of the Gulf of Mexlca, If {8 an almost landlocked sea," With 8,000 miles of coast line. More than 800 years ago Hendrik Hudson, try- ing to find the northwest passage, wintered there, His crew mutinied and set him afloat in an open boat with his son and seven others. He and his companions were never seci again. Lal g Sens The unit of value in that part of the world is'a beaver skin. Two mar- tens are equal to one beaver. trapping 'is' done {n winter, and in _gpring the Indians bring the pelts to e stations, receiving in payment for them wooden money. With the R. Sweeney General Blacksmith, Wood IPLEY' mr e-- AND = Worker AGENT FOR} {Massey-Harris Farm Implemements, etc. 0000000684800 0000480000¢0¢000¢0¢8000800¢ *00000¢ EY } The Busy Store ; : rig fatter they buy what supplies they $ Bain Wagons need at the store maintained by the a < ll company at the station. - g a _-- and Sleighs : ° : Still Think of Us as Pioneers. 4 The Latest Prices eo Dryden - Ont. Pre-war ideas of Canada as a wild 3 4 i 3 : { io colony appear to die hardin Eng- 3 Royal Household Flour, per ewt....... Shaan 8 _-- pnd, For instance a Londen writer ~~ i + A : n famous daily gays; 4 ed Co hana a Hon. W. E. Raney has been "J have just noticed what I regard ® \ Chor MH, DET EWE cee Xie mesa g S |elected by acclamation, according 28 2 VeI¥ interesting advertisement oe | Shorts, per ewt............. SE Ms . to ar t ived f § fn an imposing contemporary :-Foot- ® Bran, perewt. ........o ena eport received from Fergus n,n yequiped for Canada. Good sit / "® Oatmeal Feed; per cwt .......... i Sh by the Toronto Telegram. Col. uation, ete, ete. Really [ should not / 3 an a ies : a : Prichard, whose nomination had have been more astonished if [ had * Wheat S pigs, : =~ | been forcasted, decided not to run read that a stockman was required 4 roun eat Screenings, per eWh en a |in the riding. All members of the [or Berkeley Squard, Does if mean $ for stock and pigs. 4 tied { ta bi h that the threatened exedug of well- 4 @ St Charrles Cream, per tin .............. dria » is armer's cabinet now have ody fipilies Joe a country ig ® . re ; . 5 ~ already begun? Certainly no every 4 Ho! size, Der PN ern as 9 ; : _ fay pioneer wants to take a footman 4 ! otel size, per case........ i. 4 LEAP YEAR DANCE | with him!" ® Brookfield Eggs, per I.doz. carton .............. 2 § vm __% Brookfield Eggs, loose per doz........ ciel ahs | The success of the Masquerade : Hot Weather, - Pure Lard, in 1-lb cartons, per Ib......... SH : 8 was such that the Orchestra has oa, this pt ein said a a, 3 Ib. pail, per pail ...... aes been beseiged with demands for be or to Canada, "Why, Ive seen : . To. \ : Play t so hot down seuth that the pop- A 5 ib pail, per pail sella 3 another big affair. In response, corn popped right on the 'gtalks." 5 to lb. pail, perpail........o...; ie : to this desire it has been announ- "Whew!" exclaimed the host, "And 4 5 20 Ib pail, per pail... .... a 00) : ced that a Leap Year Ball will that's not all; the julee af the eane ® One tin cach, 27% 1b Tomatoes, 1 Corny 1 Peas ... 65 be held at an early date, probably « in the next fleld turned to molans i, 9 | - : : the oth of April which will put ail ran through the fence, mixed up with e : = : : oth of Apt, P the popcorn and formed the fir. ® = : : previous events in the shade. Also | combination of popcorn and 71 © ! ; se la practice dance will be given in that 'ever crossed your Hix oo : xrdneg & the Pulp Mill Hall next Friday} | "Zi 70 9 Ie ° \/! | ry en . ievening, March Gth. All the pop- Le Calls In : i roe orks re MJ TT @ ularcircle and square dances, and As a gh : 35640504 0600640+84848480900010900484A0+89890009 'a buffet. Admission 50C.. cover a suifice thi Hag gu ov i : = ta No > : a id ne Lt TH : 3 SR than the human body, i : | ; A) : « \ : B \ : {3 h i wr 2 2 by 5 2 .. [but we have to sacrifice a little to interested in the possibilities of in-- The' * ed gtates is 6.6877. CANADA'S PROGRESS. Another Page In Story of Country's © Development. : The rush to Peace River is on, Every north-bourtd train is crowded with prospectors for land, for hay, for timber, for oil, for coal, and above:all for chances to apply their capital of intelligence, energy, ex- perience, industry, or money to the jevelopment of the natural resources of the country for the benefit of man- kind----and incidentally for their own personal profit and welfare. The largest area as yet unoccupied, offering undoubted facilities for crop snd stock-raising, is the Vermilion district. It is an area 150 miles in length by 50 in width, with a large navigable river flowing through its centre, and with a railway 125 miles away. With the railway and Peace River the trip to this region ean be made by raft, flat boat, or steamer. Before the railway reached this point the district was isolated. Mr. F. H. Kitto, of the Dominion Depdrtment of Natural Resources, described it thus:-- ; : "I,ocated about 250 miles north of the town of Peace River, cut off from the outside" world except for steam- boat service during a few summer months, with its interest focussed on the fur trade of its own great dis- trict, the little post has lived its own life and retained its simple customs, far from the stress ana WOITy of greater centres. The dawn of a new era is just approaching, ! ° the tran- sition will be rapid." _Before the war the dc. .oment of the west, the incoming of settlers, the breaking of new ground, was the subject of much descriptive writing. The war turned our attention to Furope and relegated Canadian af- fairs largely 'to the back pages of the newspapers. The Peace River 'rush is one of the indications: that we are getting back to normal con- ditions, and to the reading of our interrupted story of national pio- gress. The European story is the more dramatic; yet the more prosaic story is one of steadily growing st rength. Our country is about as large as Europe, and is capable of sustaining a population equal at lecast@to that of thn greatest of European states. ¥ Salaried Man and HEH. C. of TL. A prominent autherity on social questions said something the othor day .when he was discussing the pro- posed investigation into the appt ently too-high cost of living. {3 said 'that, while economic coRditic were the fundamental cause of the high prices of necessities, violations of laws designed to prevent concerted raising of prices also might be pariil responsible, and then he went on: "There is no doubt that th jority of the peeple ore MOVE » porous than ever befors,-farm-re wage-earners especially. The who has suffered from high pri® has been the salaried mwm-n. I we could do something to h 'p hin I'm open to suggestions." [) While the ones who 1b Ervin ad tions to offer are putting ~ into presentable and workable she pe, it is an appropriate time to poy a ilegarv= 2d tribute to the qu tii ¢ the} "average salaried man who hes Lorne tie burden of the high cost of living incident to the war and who has suf fered perhaps more than the men who haye been in big profitable busi- ness, more than the farmer who has reaped a harvest of gold {from his fields (more than the wage-earner who has found increase after increase awaiting him on demand, The average salaried'raan has kept on the job; he has fed and clothed his family somehow; he hus done his full share in buying bonds and stick- ing away thrift stamps and in giving to all the war causes; he has pinched and economized, taken on extra work evenings and spent his holidays and off hours in the home garden; he has dene his duty in the main bravely, loyally, patiently, nobly. Biome The biggest thing about him, is that he hasn't kicked and howled; he hasn't threatened and menaced; he hasn't bombed or Bolsheviked; he hasn't often complained. He hag, indeed, borne the middle of the big load and heen a good citizen about it. Tis is not a whit less of a hero than some others whose work has 'been more spectacular and whose suffer- ing has been more sanguine. He de- serves a tribute! : oS Ss Training Ex-Soldiers, 'Canada continues to lead in the important work of the industrial re- trhihing of disabled ex-members of _{h@'forges. To-day there are in Cans ade 11,616 disabled men undergoing 'industrial re-training under the dl- rection of the vocational branch of the Department of Soldiers' Civil Re- establishment, while the number of disabled men in training in the Unit- In each instance . htained from the figures have been g officizl sources. = There are at present in Canada 7,049 disabled men receiving indus- {yic] re-training in the schools con- dusisd by the vocatignal branch of the Dopartiment of Seldiers' Ciyil He= ostablishment, and, in addition, 4,567 men have been placed for instruction under the direct supervision of the - deparfment in various shops and Glapis (hrgpshout Canada. "Hg date {g Ganadg, 6,073 sx-men: pers of the forces have graduated from these eaurses. : = First Letter to Oress The fivst letter to cross the Atlan tie Ocean from America to England was written from the harbor of St. Jauniy, Newfoundland, by Captain joha Rutt to Hing Henry VII pad forwartlcd to England on an Bnglish vessel on August 2, 1527. Captain Rutt wag on 8 voyage ot discovery {g Ching under the patyonase of Ring Henry. Gne of the {wo ships under Ruti's command had been lopt in the " Strails oi Belle sls, and it way thige mizfortuue that the saptain reported in Lis cpistle to hia royal master, ~ toyed, Si «© Ina) port of Londen 8.881 tons of unsofind food 'was condemned i 1916, tg egmpared wilh &, in the previous year 118 28 sheep duribg the six months pre to lambing time together and detailed attents® flock during 'the 1 Plenty of exercise coupled cient 'amount of the right feed to maintain the ewes thriving condition will usually reswit in the birth of active rugged lambe, sufficient supply of milk. In practic ally every flock, no matter how Ww cared for the attendan and Lamb. '® Care Before Lambing Important How to Help In Cases of Poor 'Delivery -- A Good Ration for Ewes When Raising Lambs. (Contributed by Ontario Departmeat of Agriculture, Toronto.) HE two main factors contri tributing to a satisfactory lamb crop are the proper feeding and care of the ith for which the mother will have & t must be O hand frequently, day and night, dur ing the period the lambs are arriv- ing. A little attention at the proper {ime often results in the saving of not a few lambs. $i Absolute dryness and freedom from draught are very essential for the flock at lambing time, and whed the lambs are expected in March of even early April provision should be made for reasonable protectiol the cold: ' Wool balls in the stomach is often the cause of much loss in young lambs, This trouble as well as diffd- culty in getting the lambs to nurge may .be loose and dirty wool from around {he udder and quarters of the ewes. [t must be borne in mind that at this time the ewes, heavy in lamb, should be handled gerily, otherwise serious loss may ef dr from ewes slipping their lamb 4 A Provision should tow small pens located along warmest side "of the building. % : be mede for a separated from the main flock and in cases of difficult parturition, weak lambs, ewes disowning their lambs, 4nd ndmerous other difficulties that may arise they can be looked after a great deal more satisfactorily when confined in small enclosures. It pot infrequently happens that a ewe 'has difficulty in delivering her lamb; tl is more common in the cade of young ewes with their first lamb. When the lamb has come forward = enough so. that the rgse and from feet are in sight and the head unable to pass through the should be assisted by gentle on the forefesct: i the inside of the vagina 'well linseed oil; this has the elfe softening and allowing the op to stretch, and will, unless the is a very severe one, give relief; action should ke taken until it reasonably: certain some assistance needed, and before! investigating is the hands should be perfectly cleam and disinfected. D Lambs may be born weak and a parently lifeless, more particular! in case of difficult delivery. These may be revived by quick action on the part of the attendant. First re move the phlegm from the mouth, then hold the mouth open and blew gently a few times to start lung ag= tion. Next lay t and. gently; bea to the heart: shoulder. : A ewe may loge have a supply of milk, bully avoided by clipping away all -- the ewe about to lamb isd much safer 7 ulling If this fails smear in good : i} X y : given a lamb say one of twins or an orphan lamb belonging to another ewe to raise. This may be accom-~ plish by skinning the dead lamb "throwing the skin over the one adopted. A ewe may take to lamb when held and the lant ed to suck. Especially is th where a ewe has a full flow of milk. - When a lamb is bern during 8 cold spell it may become so thor- oughly chilled as to require attem- tion. Plage the lamb in hot water until well warmed, rub dry, then wra; in a cloth and place beside a fire um restored, A little warm milk fakes from the mather should be given as goon as the lamb will take it. A few drops of whiskey in a little warm 'water may often prove henefivial, Ewes, like dairy cattle, vary a areal deal in the amount of milk given, mother may have more milk than more, the lambs may be nursing on one side only and the other side wi become inflamed and caked. hold ths ewe and allow ano to nurse or milk out. | udder has become hard hot wa.or for five minu woollen cloth, dry thorou apply (warm) pure.-melt lard. Ss Ewes should be fed 8par especially of grain, for a few da after lambing, as saon as they ar safely over the eciieets lambing they should be gradually brought up to ful} fesd. Clover or alfalfa hay, together. with a grain rat and bian should give regu SIE or good quality silage IS available they will supply succuicency and add vayiety to the ration, we All lambs should be 'docked and the male lamis, other than those in= tended for. breeding purposes, cc8= trated at from ten days to two weuks' 'old, Sek : Following Is a good ration fer owes when raiging lamba ~~ Outs, eight parts. 3 Buran, four. parts. 2 Oil cake, gone part. : Roots, four to 8 : Good hay. Looilub wed ion a pacd account of the "PG ey Sacliville, § El CA roa grain, meat pa. vil we or mith as ow jag tog wikier won In case of single lambs the (hie lamb will take for a week or rants iX pounqgs per = ak se 1 day : 14 "pound per 1