THE DRYDEN OBSERVER isi AGOUT THE SILO FILLING Foth Cutting Outfit and Moisture Content Important. Have Sufficient Horse-power for Cut- ting--How to Control the Mois~ ture Content--Mustard--Advans tages of Dairying. {Contributed by Ontario Department of Agriculture, Toronto.) When silo filling is to be done quickly, that is,{one hundred or more tons. of fodder cut per day, the cutter and the power must be in keeping with the work at hand. An eighteen horse-power engine or motor and a fourteen-inch blower cutter will handle one hundred tons per ay. Where smaller silos are used and the farmer desires to, or has to, do the work largely with the farm help, small cutters can be used. Eight-inch cutters will handle three tons per hour if driven by an engine of not less than eight horse-power. Have 'Sufficient Horse-power for Cutting. Claims are often made that two or three horse-power outfits can do effective work, but this is a mistake. If the work 'is to be done quickly and effectively with the best use of labor the power sliould be ample. If it is desired to cut forty tons per day . the power should be not less than . built as a good steam engine is built. : eight horse. Sixty tons per day the power should be twelve horse. One hundred tons per day will require an eighteen horse-power engine. The cutter should be of the proper size for the power used. Carrier cutters do not require as much power as do the blower cutters, but the 'advan-- tage of easier ercetion, simplicity and 'ease of wetting the fodder through the use of the blewer offsets the in- creased power requirement. Cylinder and knife on fly-wheel types of ma- chines are, equally satisfactory pro- viding of course that they are equally well built. Low priced, poorly con- structed fodder cutters are daager- ous. Qelect a cutter with a wood reputation, and one that is as well Moisture Content Important. It is essential that there should be . sufficient moisture present in the fodder at the time it t into the silo to provide the water requirement for the -ensiling process and leave the surplus necéssary to have amply moist well made silage, after the fermentative and cooling processes have taken place. With suf- ficient moisture present in the ensiled mass there is little danger of the fermentation temperatures running too high, the greater the amount of water present the firmer the eut fod- der will pack and the smaller the spaces for air. Corn in the early glazed or denting stage, oats, peas or vitch green enough for high grade hay making carry sufficient water in the natural juices to meet the re- quirement for ensilage. Frequently it is necessary to use corn, oats, peas or sunflowers that have suffered from drouth, or have dried through de- lays or have been permitted to remain unharvested until long past the best condition for silage making. If so, ihe shortage of plant juices can be made up by the application of water in quantity sufficient to thoroughly wet the fodder. ; i How to Apply the Extra Moisture. Water is best applied by running a stream directly into the fodder cut- ter while the fodder is being passed through and blown up into the silo. With water under pressure, a valve to control the flow and a section af garden hose the process of wetting the cut fodder is easily accomplished. Corn fodder that has remained in the ; field until Deember and become quite dry can be successfully ensiled if suf- ficient "attention is paid to wetting and packing thoroughly in the silo. The wetting must be complete and all the air possible pressed out by tramp- ing the evenly spread cut fadder as it goes into the silo. With red clover, alfalfa, peas, oats, vetch, rye, sweet clover, mustard, grasses, sunflower, corn or artichoke stalks, -there is little likelihood of overdoing the wetting if a stave silo is used, since such a structure permits any surpius moisture to drain away. With water tight cement concrete or tile silos a little judgment is required in deter- mining the amount of water required to give complete saturation but not flooding. For further information re- garding silo building and ensilage apply to the Department for a copy ef Bulletin 287.--L. Stevenson, Sec. Dept. of Agriculture, Toronto. 'Mustard. : Fields that are heavily infested Avith mustard can frequently be turn- ed to good account by using such areas for the production of silage fodders. The sowing of peas-and oats in the proportion of one bushel of oats to one bushel of Deas per acre (the mustard will come volunteer), will make .a very acceptable silage. Mustard has a high feeding value, and the seed in the soil can be ex- bausted in time by following the practice of using mustard infested lands for silage crops, cutting the entire mass, cereal, legume and weeds and putting all in the silo in a finely cut 'and packed condition. 'Advantages of Dairying. Dairying maintains the fertility of the soil. ¢ Dairying means a steady income. Dairying furnishes regular employ- ment for labor. : The market for dairy products is ateady. / Dairy utilizes unsaleable roughage. Dairy affords opportunity for in- creased income. 3 Dairying utilizes waste land. The aim of the dairy farmer should : be #0 keep more and better cows, thus sedueing the sost of producing milk. ' H = 8 35 ! A Government flying boat in charge of Flight Lieutenant Laurence and Flight Sergeants M'Laughlin and Gra- ham, which is on its way to Victoria Beach, Lake Winnipeg, for the Dom- inion Forestry Department, arrived at Port Arthur at nine o'clock on Sun- day evening. The 'boat' left Ottawa on Friday morning and was due at the Soo, on Friday afternoon, but did not arrive there until Saturday. The | machine 'left Sault Ste. Marie at 4.50 lon Sunday afternoon, but was forced {down en route because of fog ana rain. | The craft is the largest yet seen at' the head of the Lakes and is powered by twin engins. It is going to Victoria { Beach to join thé squadron there and; by dusk this evening. wll be used during the Summer in? patrolling the forest for fire outbreaks It was the intention of Lieutenant Laurence to leave at six o'clock this | morning, but fog interfered and he, did not get away until this afternoon. | The boat will fly from Port Arthur, making a stop at Kenora, and from there to Victoria Beach Winnipeg. The party intend to reach their destination While enroute across Lake Superior on Sunday the big machine cruised over Canadian Pacific steamer 'Assiniboia' and the Northern Navigation steamer Noronic, upbound from eéast.--News-Chronicle DRURY'S DEFEAT SAVES U.F.0. Conestoga, July 3--In the defeat of the Drury government, J. J. Morrison, secretary of the United Farmers of Ontario, sees the salvation of the U.F.0. he told a meeting of North Waterloo farmers. "If it had not } b ; kL is being put} come," he declared, "the movement would have disintegrated, because the principles for which we came into ex- istance were being forgotten." Flying Boat | One of The Family | Will Dear Editor: \ Here's another . reflection on life. a Probe Debt * k kX TORONTO, July 3--The Globe this Maybe you once boarded at a house 'morning publishes an interview with 3 where you were treated as one of the * family. If not, increase your church * givings as an act of gratitude. You 4 know the poor. fellow who boards ink a professional rooming house. How he is pitied in all our best literature, including the Saturday Evening Post. He hasn't the privileges of one who is treated as part of the family. Oh no! He doesn't have to carry a pail of water before dinner, neither does he spend half of Saturday afternoon at the exhilerating sport of chopping wood. The landlady doesn't give him the privilege of making hig own sup- per while she endures the strain of visiting friends. ~~ When her son comes home, the mere professional boarder doesn't have to share his bed with the welcome guest. No, no matter how cold the night or how few the bed clothes, he has to sleep alone. But all these privileges belong to the Hon. G. Howard Ferguson, premier- designate, regarding the appointnient of a financial advisor to the Ontario government. Speaking over the, '=le- pphone from his home in Kerptville, 'Mr Ferguson stated that Ontario is to have an expert financial advisor. "I have mot the slighest doubt," said Mr had had such a man in the last fous years he would have saved the tax- payers of the province at least 000,000. To measure up he must be a big man in every way and a man who does measure will be entitled to a good salary." While provincial treasurer in the Ferguson government is still to direct the financial policies of the depart- ment, Ontario's controller of finance-- for such he will be designated--will have the task of working out the provinee's own financial problems. fellow -who is treated as one of the family. Just one more comment. The harsh landlady in a regular boarding house collects all the rent due to her, or- out you go. The gentle ministrant who has received you into the family circle, demonstrates 'her affection by gathering in the same amount of board and then borrows a five spot because she is a mother to you. in the morning she forgets. to heat" the shavihg water. As the Dinosaur used to put it so 'well: i Go to bed MUSTAPHA DRINC FOR SALE FOR SALE--Thirty tons of ~ baled HAY, prime qualify. Also small ; stack of loose hay at $17.00 per ton. Then | R. H. PRONGER, Dryden 29--6¢ Mr Ferguson instanced outstanding loans and debts accumulation, which, he said ought to be surveyed by an expert and his counsel and not the least' of the controller's duty will be to make a complete survey of Ontar- 'io's present financial condition and tell the new government just where it stands. Mr Ferguson stated that he had not decided who would be selected for the ~ position of financial advisor. He also stated that he expected to announce the names of members of his cabinet before the end of the week. 3 FOUND |FOUND--BAY HORSE with cropped 'mane, at Lot 2 Con. 6 Van Horne. Owner can have him by paying ad- vertising expenses--apply J. K. GUTHRIE End RR SOR Carelessness butts, cigar ends, matches, pipe ashes, camp fires, fly smudges, railway locomotives, slash-burning operations--human carelessness of some kind accounts, for over 93% of the forest fires in Ontario. It is impossible to say how many fires along railway lines are not due to engine with cigarette sparks, but to the thoughtless smoker \ tossing away his cigarette or cigar butt. . ] However, there is no doubt a fair num- ° I ber of forest fires originate in this way, I 9 and such are preventable. Each in- y : dividual, should realize his personal : responsibility to be careful with fire in any form in morthern Ontario. STXIXIA] £4 XJ & ~~ fire. % Forests BL The Ontario fire ranger is at the mercy of all types of carelessness, and cannof prevent fires starting, as a rule. He can only attempt 'to limit the consequences. Heis entitled to your help and co-cper- ation by being careful with Ontario Forestry _ Parliament Buildings Toronto, Ontario Branch Ferguson, "that if Ontario | "health propaganda were Health Talks By Dr. J. & MIDDLETON Dr. Middleton will be glad to auswer ail questions on Public Health matters through this column. Address him at Spadina House, Spadina Crescent, Torento, Ont. A direct, plain message to the pub- lic often carries weight when more elaborate methods of publicity fail. Simple statements tersely told, strike the "imagination. i "Hygiene can prevent more crimes than any law." is one of these. Why is this message effective? Because it stimulates thought, and when once the public begin to think seriously 'about any subject, that subject be- comes a topic of interest, the news- papers gel hold of it and many aven- ves of publicity result in consequence. Many a man or woman, reading this remark, "Hygiene will prevent more crimes than any law," will be tempted to ask what the word hygiene means. A good opening for educational re- sults, for hygiene is very comprehen- sive and includes both personal and community well-being and everything that promotes this well-being. Tn somé way and by some manner, weh ave got to get health messages across to the average, ordinary man or worman. The reason ofr this is plain. There are so many people of this kind. There are a few high- brows and a few few housebreakers and automobile theives, once in a while a desperado who" will not even stop at murder, but the great majority of people we come in contact with from day to day are just plain ordinary people with an average amount of common-sense. Many of these good people "come from Missouri," that is, they have got to be shown. Some circumstance or experience in their lives have perhaps given them the impression that little good can be done by hygiene or all that it represents. If you can prove to them that they are wrong--not by preaching long- winded sermons, but by a few facts-- they will soon become you friends and supporters in the good health crusade. i was talking to a Toronto Alder- man a few .days ago and he thought peopel were just as healthy before any of these up-to-date methods of public introduced. It seems strange that an = alderman should say this with the record of the Toronto Health Department so obvious to everyone. Why, the infant mortal- "ity alone has been cut in half in Tor- lonto during the past ten years. Ty- " phoid fever has been practically abol- 'ished, communicable diseases have been very, much reduced in numbers, {and the milk supply is practically all pasteurized. The general surround- ings from a health standpoint have been much improved and yet one of the aldermen does not think that much has been done. He does not know what is going on in health work. Ed- ucation along health lines is what he 'needs, and as soon as he becomes F acquainted with the work and aims of {the health department, he will be a far more useful servant of the people. How can hygiene prevent more crimes than any law? Because it raises the standard of citizenship. It "Iremoves as far as possible those in- | fiuences and circumstances that lead to a low state of moral conscience: it makes people more nearly normal and hence not so likely to commit crimes against society. Nearly every crim- nal examined has had little or no 'training from a hygienic standpoint. Their upbringing has been at fault. pdiscipline in the home; they have grown up like weeds and developed bad habits and a bad outlook on life. Hygiene tends to remove all influ- fences that will prevent a man or wo- 'man from leading a normal, healthy 'life. It is one of the finest words in the alphabet. nh 8 29880006600000066005000060 > A.J]. GARDINER (zeneral Merchant EAGLE RIVER, ONT. & AGENT FOR > Cockshutt Plow Go.. Frost & Wood Implements Charnla'e Prasm Caw > arad Cau py ¥ rw Copel Raw Furs Bought and Sold 2000606000500 000600500006s & £9€96009020000 000006 IDES Dick Trist Bryden Livery, Transfer and Exchange Barn DRYDEN = ONT. ft 29987002 196200000009 A a SED ® They have not had the advantages of cH