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THE DRYDEN OBSERVER Swar m Con i{rol Po (Experimental Farms Note) Natural swarming may be termed the "bugbear" of beekeeping and to control it is the most difficult problem of the beekeeper. Natural swarming usually occurs during a honey Bo cspeciall to get from a colony it is advisable vee of the col- yme method of | honey overcrowdl brood nest will relieve t revent SES ~All colonies de not vex treatment and preparation for swarm- ing may often ke checked by apply the following. manipulations: 1 By giving the queen more room for egg production. 2 By addin supers for the storing of nectar. 3 By giv-1 ing the colony more ¢hade and Feat lation. 4 By raising a few combs brood froma the brood nest to a super. 5 By destroying queen cells a are far advanced. The swarming fever may be so in- tense that some colonies will not re- spond to the above measures and may persist in their = deetermiration to swarm and thes more drastic reas- ures must be applied: 1 Artificial swarming, in which the bees and ro the same £2 same g more before I queen ar all shaken onto a full set of empty combs or full sheets of foun- H dation. The brood is put into super i and placed on top of the colony & above | the honey supers. In the production i of comb honey the brood is placed in; another hive standing along side of the : original colony; in this case, enough bees should be left in the old hive to take care of the brood. 2 Remove the old queen from the -hive and des- | troy all queen cells. Ten days later again destroy all queen cells and in- troduce 'a young laying queen. 3 in localities where the honey flow is short and very heavy the removal of al lthe brood and bees from the brood chamber to a tcp super "and leaving the queen on a full set of empty combs below will often stop swarming. These three manipulations should only be applied when larvae in queen cells are found. Is is a good plan to clip the queen's wings in the spring, especially in out- | apiaries, for should a swarm emerge: between visits, there is less liklihood | ses a of the swarm absconding. Should a swarm emerge with a clip ed queen, she will be unable to iy? and ean be found on the ground at the entrance of the hive. The queen should be caged, the old hive moved to one side and a new hive put in its 'place whiel the swarm is in the air. The caeg containing the queen is plac- ed at the entrance of the new hive, and when the swarm returns the queen released: The supers from the parent colony are then placed over the swarm and the parent colony can 'be either placed on a néw stand or left by the side of the swarm. = C. B. GOODERHAM Dominion Apiarist "Ye Olde: Firm" Treintzman & Company, Tit Kenora Branch © The best in PIANCS AND PHONOGRAPHS Old instruments taken in exchange New ins struments sold on easy terms %* Xx kk IRA J. WILDE in charge At the old Rhodes Stand JOS. A. STRUTT, GENERAL BLACKSMITH & HORSESHOER " All work done promptly DRYDEN f ATE ONT. ? RASS RNVEH HEH HOEGIDEHB HED Dick Trist Dryden Livery, Transi r and Exchange Bara En DRYDEN - ONT. ith a History Rr ------ | a EW, Canadians are aware that , among the landmarks of United States history that stand on Cana- dian soil is the house in which John Brown, of American civil war fame "hatched the conspiracy that led to his being hanged and that helped to preci- pitate the great struggle between the North and South. The house stands at Chatham, Ontario, within a stone's throw of the C.P.R. station, 'and in plain view of those who pass through. According to local tradition the house was one of the more imposing resi- dences of the town when, 60 years ago, John Brown and his friends met in one of its rooms to arrange his anti- slavery crusade. To-day somewhat diminished from its original imposing proportion the building houses the towerman who is on duty at the immediately pfjasant street crossing. Sixty years and more ago, says the "Galt Reporter," the present structure was a four-tenement building, and one of the "show places" in the older por- tion of Chatham. Between 25 and 30 years ago, when the C.P.R. was run through Chatham, half of the building was torn down. Still later, the remain- ing two tenements were converted into a single residence; and as such the building survives to-day. Chatham in. the two decades preced- ing the Civil War, was one of the northern terminals of the celebrated #ynderground railway" organized by Kmerican abolitionists to facilitate the escape of negro slaves to Canada. Large numbers of the escaped slaves settled in gWindsor, Chatham, and various points in Essex and Kent counties, and several townsites were laid out at that gme as model negre communities. These townsites are still shown on' old | ca maps, but the communities von liad "growed," if unlike Topsy, never they attained any proportions HY Ah one or two exceptions, fong since dwin- dled into insignificance, with the depar- 'ture of the greater portion of the ool- ored population. © In the latter 50's, fowever, South- western Ontario - contained a large negro element, and many of the escaped slaves had established themselves in business and were ambitious, well-edu- cated and well-to-do. So 'when "Ossa- watomie" Brown, nursing his daring scheme of freeing the slaves 'at a sin- gle s®oke, looked about for suppert, he turned naturally to the negro settle ments in Southwestern Ontario for funds and helpers. The exact date of the' 'confererion at which the date was plarmed is not pre- served in the local tradition. It seems probable that John Brown visited Chat- ham on several occasions' in connection with his work for the slaves, The con- ference probably took place late in 1858, or early in 1859. 'The Chatham structure is often care- lessly 'referred to as "the Holden house." The owner, however, was a colored man named Eli Holton. Hol- ton was present at the meeting held by John Brown. So was Isaac Holden, another prominent colored man. Both were big men, physically, and leaders in the colored community. . C. Cooper and a little man named Harris, with several others,' took part in the confer- ence. : To Bn extent Browh "secureid Sup- port, financial and otherwise, is not| song known. The details of the meeting were, naturally,- bept secret at. the time; and what little the public ultimately knew came out, most of it, after the raid. © It was on Oct. 17, 1859, that the Chatham conference bore fruit in the startling 'raid on Harper's Ferry, in, 'Northern Virgins, where Brown, with! several of his soms and a number of, other white 'men, seized the national armory and issued a proclamation calle ing upon the slaves to rise in insurrec: tion against their master. The raid @| a few hours spread consternation, pag) merely throughout Virginia, . a throughout 'the United States. Lt.-Col. | Robert E. Lee, however, arrived with! a detachment of marines, the armory was recaptured, and Brown and a few| of his companions were taken princi Brown was hanged at ginia, Dec. 2, 1859. "A few months later, Abraham Lig» coln, at his Cooper Institute speech 4 New York, referred to Brown's raid id the following words: i "Jolm Brown's effort was peculiar. It was not a slave insurrection. It was = alterpt By Shits meu to gi MS revolt among the slaves, in which the] slaves refused to participate. In fact, Er wi it could not succeed.' | 'Within a little more than a year of speech, and within two years of the raid, Lincoln was in the White House, and the Southern States were seceding. However thinking men 'might condemn his folly, fn Northern States] generally regarded Brown as a -- tyr; and "John Brown's Toy Ne mouldering in the grave, but bis ssul| 'marching on," the battle] of the soldiers who were Go dit i Jip vod to compe! the sur- render at Appomatox of Browa'® go Browns am querer. 0000 © (Experimenta Tests made at the Experimental Station, Kentville, go to show that it is quite profitable for one to grow his own iy seed. This may be done i ing timothy at the rate of ten pou a per acre when seeding down. Or, if eight pounds of timothy, eight pounds of red and two pounds of alsike are seeded, a good even stand clear timothy will be secured the second vear after seeding. It is sel- that there is not a fairly clean timothy somewhere on a should be reserved It does not mean as the straw after r quality and can be weathered. It was 2 of timothy alone 1921 280 pounds of and 2220 pounds 'of 1] threshing. The as done August 4th, and on was dry the seéd ripened rapidly. This same area produced 157 sounds of seed and 2475 pounds of hay per acre in 1922. A considerable amount of other grasses, particularly red top, was icenite in the 1922 cutting. An adjoining area seeded in 1920 wih the clover and timothy mix- ture mentioned above, yielded 186-1bs of timothy seed and 3052-Ibs of timo- thy straw per acre in 1922. This seed was of particularly good quality and much better than the seed from the area in tir thy seed for two years. The practice here is to leave the timothy that is to be cut for seed sta png until it is nicely filled and t with a ey The sheaves are to ed nicely and allowed to stand for two or three weeks, or until the heds shell readily. It is then taken in and threshed in a threshing mill or with a flail. It sometimes happens that birds cause a great foss from shelling in which case the sheaves should be taken inside to a loft and allowed to stand until they can be threshed. } § Fe & ol ciover dom stand of found that > in 1920 gave in timothy seed straw harve as the = W. S. BLAIR, Superintendent Kentville, N.S. Finishing Hens & Broilers (Experimes Note) @OBDEHBOHT 400 TIL IVT RIORY | re = ry CANADA'S SEASIDE AND 'MOUNTAIN LINKS PLEASE GOLFERS es CoLwWOOD GOLF CLUB. Vic rors GOLF RB NILE HIGH OT -BRANFE, IN THE CRANBL/IBN ROCKIES Te an 1 HE history of golf in Canada is a long story. The first game played on this continent took place m this country and the development of the game here has gone forward with rapid strides. To-day the Do- minion is dotted with links noted for their excellence from St. An- drews-by-the Sea in New Brunswick, to Vancouver in British Columbia. Guests are welcome everywhere and United States experts like "Chick" Evans and Oswald Kirby are unani- mous in declaring that the quality of Canadian golf is very high. Ca da's first club was the Royal Wore real founded, in 1873 about fifteen years before St. Andrews Golf Club, the first in the United States, was started in Yonkers, N.Y. & Canada's St Andrews-by-the-Sea is a seaside course 0 quoddy 'Bay, an .estuar. h of Fundy-so near Maine that a lc driver could almost put one: over. the: 'international fence. St. Andre rot: a name to be taken ightly, when: Sir William Van Horne and Lord Shaughnessy had the 6,100 yard New Brunswick Tinks - aid out, "they made it worthy of its great' Scotch namesake, 'the mothe?" links of the' golf world. Many of 'the "hbles" are on sloping ground with turesque panorama of the bay in one -| direction, and the green fore another. In addition to the 18-holes,. there is a 9-holes Passama- | for ladies and the Algonquin' is' head quarters for golfers. * The Canadian government 'owns and manages 'at 'Banff, Alberta, one ; River. of the "most. interesting and pic- | turesque links in the world. Banff Golf" Course, this year expanded to 18 'holes, is nearly a mile above sea- evel along the banks of the Bow From the efge of the fair- 'ways majestic mounfais tower a 'mile above the links and the golfer enjoys his favorite sport in a scenic setting of unforgettable beauty. Now and then' the "gallery" watching the 'game is 'augmented by wild moun- 1 tain goats who peer down from some lofty ledge at the players. The links are in charge of a competent profes- "I'sisnal and are a fine test of 'the game. ¢ 'Farther west Vancouver and Vie- {toria 'enjoy golf both sumamer and winter on links which are a delight J both! expert .and, noice. y f sider that Dispose of all hens that are not to ibe kept over for breeder just as soon as they stop laying. If this plan is 1 followel the marketing will be exten- 'ded over a considerable period. If you can get them all marketed. before broilers become plentiful you ar cer- tain to obtain much better prices than if you market them later in the sea- son. After hens have been laying heavily they are likely to be thin in flesh and should not be marketed until put into good condition again. Even hens that have been loafiing and are consequent- ly fat are not in as good condition for killing as they should be. Ten days feeding in the cratees will make a great difference in these birds, as the vate feeding and the inactivity softens "the muscles and makes the fowl much ,more tender and juicy. ¢ 'Broilers: -- pes Many poultry growers do not con- special feeding of broilers 'is necessary. They think that because ie 'he chickens are young that they will ; be tender and consequently they take them from the range and market them as they are. Such methods tend to retard the demand for poultry | meats. A consumer who gets a broil- er that is hard and stringy is not in- clined to order another, but if he gets one that has been properly fed in con- finement for from ten days to two weeks the quality will be such that he will want more.~ To properly finish either fowls or broilers they should be crate fed. Nothing but soft feed should be used ad to get the finest quality is necessary to mix the mash with sour milk, in the propor- tion of about three pounds of milk to two pounds of grain. A mixture of equal parts of fine ly grounds oats and corr-r.aeal is one of the best feeds but other grains may be used if lower in price or more easily obtained. A little salt added to the feed will make it rnove palatable and the fowl will eat rioore. Do not overfeed for the first day or two, as the birds will go off their feed ad will lose weight instead of putting it on. ' Only by marketing poultry of the highest quality, will an increased de- mand be panel: GEORGE ROBERTSON Centra Experimental Farm, Ottawa.