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a ES THE 'BATTLE OF THE CRUISERS "The American Press Views Britains Stand from Various : Aspects Suggested More by "Paper Policy Cruisers are the core of the prob- Jem at Geneva, many observers agree, because it is Mm this class of war ves- gel that competitive building between the United States and Great Britain is most probable if the limitation con- ference fails. And it id right here chiefly that the American and British proposals clash. Administration of- ficials, says a Washington dispatch to the Baltimore Sun, "make no secfet of the fact that they regard the cruiser issue as the most difficult one for the Geneva Conference to deal with, or of the further fact that this issue at the moment involves only the United States and Great Britain." Our program would extend to cruisers and other auxillaries the 5- ratio that was accepted for capital ships in 1922 by the United States, Great Britain, and Japan. The British plan would 2 "oO Than National Need NONE. SATISFIED parity "is fair to both Britain and the United States." Moreover, "it would eliminate competition and remove the danger of suspicion, discord, and war." We read further: "The day has passed when the United States would be willing to see another Power commanding the seas. It will not now tolerate superiority in any foreign Power. Its commerce, its remote possessions, and its duty in guarding this hemisphere require it to be the cqual in naval strength of any other Power.'" While firmly cher- ishing friendship with Great Britain, Japan, and all other countries, the United States relies upon its own re- sources for its own security. In 1921 it abandoned a building program that would have made it stronger upon the seas than any other Power. It pro- posed parity of naval strength with place definite limits on the size and armament of cruisers, but would have their number and collective tonnage determined by the nation's need, The present relative cruiser strength of the three Powers, counting "modern" cruisers built, building, authorized and appropriated for, {s tabulated as follow®by the New York World, from figures supplied by our State Depart- ment: Number 'Tonnage United States 18 155,000 Britain 64 387,410 Japan 38 247,665 Great Britain's preponderance in the cruiser clasa is further increased, our spokesmen say, by the fact that she hes many swift subsidized pas- senger liners of 20,000 tons or more with gun mounts built into their framework, which could be converted into commerce destroyers within ten United States has Great while the few vessels of this type. days only Britain argues that she needs more light cruisers than we do, because she has to protcet the 130,000,000 miies of ecean-trade routes of her far-flung my lt is semi-officially intimated the he United States, on the other hane can not and will not accept enythi short of parity with Great Britai nu all classes of ships." Com- menting on the resultant situation, the Washington Post remarks; fhe hour Js at hand when the Bri- tis Government will formally agree e to agree that the United and Great Britain shall have of strength upon the seas. Kirst Lord of the Admiralty, Bild nan, has advised Ambas- cov Gibson that while Britain is to agree to a parity of strength in 10,000-ton cruisers, it will not 'ommit itself to an agreement for parity in smaller cruisers. The rea- son given is that protection of Bri- commerc and widely separ- t sessions warrant and require a larger number of cruisers than is needed by the United States "The answer from Washington 13 that the United States will not and can pot accept anything but parity with Great Britain on every class of ship The British Government is re- minded that it agreed at the Wash- ingion Conference to the principie of the 5-5-3 ratlo on all classes of vessels. Th was no intimating whatever, pi to the beginning of the Geneva Conf last week, that Great Bri- tuin had changed its position and would row insist upon maintaining freater naval strength than it is will- nz to concede to the United States. "By no casuistry and by no attempt to divert the discussion can the Bri- tish Government hopa to avoid making. a decision that will have fateful conse- quences "The alternative to Britain's insist- anco upon cruiser superiority is un- limited iner e of naval strength by the United Stetes. There can be no mistaking the temper of the Ameri- can people on this subject. Refusal by anv foreign Power to accept the principle of parity will arouse a fur- ore in this country, and the construc- tlon of a navy superior to that of any other Power will result!" In the opinion of this Washington paper, the American proposal of Toy TT Pere rt Corr Great Britain. Great Britain accept- ed the proposal as to capital ships and aircraft carriers, and approved of the principle as applied to all other ves- sels," Tho Topeka State Journal reminds us that before the war Great Britain tried to regulate the size of her Navy by the "two-Power" standard, which means that the British Navy was sup- posed to be as powerful as the com- bined navies of anytwoother coun- tries; and that in 1916 Woodrow Wil- son advanced the theory that the United States, because of its exten- sive coast line, required "incompar- ably the most powerful Nayy in the world." 'This -Kansas paper goes on to say: "Britain has abandoned the two- Power standard, and we have aband- oned the idea--never widely held-- that we require inéomparably the strongest navy in the world. In capi- tal ships, the two Powers have agreed on equality, and the United States is now proposing equality as between the two Powers in all clasges of ships. "It_is hard to fix a standard by which the 'needs' of a country in the 'way of armament can be determined. If war were immediately certain with another naval Power, we would obvi- ously need all the naval strength we could assemble for the occasion. If international peace forever and for- ever were absolutely certain, a fleet of revenue cutters would suffice us. In a world of uncertainties, our naval needs are hard to define. "It is obvious that the various na- tions interpret their needs with some consideration to what they can afford. If they could afford to maintain it, it is is doubtful whether Britain would jhave abandoned the two-Power stand- ard. If 'need' is determined by extent of and distance from colonial posses- }slons, Britain's need would appear {considerably greater than our own. {If need is determined by dependence lof the home population on ocean com- merce for food an dother necessities in time of war, British need and Japanese need would both" appear greater than ours. The fact that we ean better afford a bigger navy than' Britain is what justifies our preten- sions to equality with Britain. Wheth- er we need it or not, Britain knows that we could, if we wanted it, actual- ly possess the incomparably superior navy that Wilson once advocated." When Great Britain pleads the need to "protect" her ocean-trade routes, | What she really means is "dominate," {argues the Chicago Tribune: "There is little need for protecting most of the routes in time of peace that cannot be met by a forty-year- old gunboat. Piracy is virtually ex- | tinct everywhere in the world except | off the China coast and along our ; Various rum rows. If we take our re- jorenciiollGae in the Philippines seri- jous}y, even in the eastern Pacific, Geat Britain has little need for other or greater nayal armament than we have. "The situation in war time is, of course, different. Then, we are con- stantly reminded, Britain must be as- sured of unbroken communication with the world for food and raw ma- terials. Some of the colonies might withstand blockade for a long time, but the mother country can be starved into submission in a few months. In contrast the United States could hold out much longer without supplies ftom abroad. "The argument is disingenuous. British naval action in all her later wars has been to blockade her enemy. 'Contraband' is what Great Britain wishes to declare contraband. The guarding of imperial communications in fact has meant an interference with neutral commerce whenever it suited British interests to interfere. This» has worked a serious injury to American commerce in the past and Quick, safe, su painful callouses on the feet. all drug and DrScholls Zino-pads Put one on--the painis gone "America is beginning to outsell Bri- tain in her own dominions, bound to- gether in a tariff union. Elsewhere in the world we should be able to go ahead even faster. At the same time our dependence on the raw materials of industry which are not found in our country is becoming greater with advances in technology. We must buy such vital materials as mangan- ese and rubber from overseas. They may not be so essential to our life as imported wheat and meat is to Bri- tain's, but the difference is not so great as might at first be imagied. Without some of the raw materials Scarborough to the New York Herald Tribune, "is something like this": "We do not admit that we accepted in February of the America invitation parity for auxiliaries at Washington. We no not admit that our acceptance to this conference, in the terms in which it was couched, committed us to the 5-5-3 ratio for ight craft. It is true that the American invitation sald that "the United States is disposed to accept the 5-5-3 ratfo with regard to those vessels not covered by the Washington Treaty, but it is likewise true that the same paragraph men- tioned 'hesitation to put out rigid pro- posals at this time.' If the American attitude now is to be "We can not and will not accept anything less than parity,' that seems to us extremely rigid. "SA is the finest 'Orange Pekoe' sold. Impartial Experts Say A" T32 "Of course, nobody will attempt to restrain the United States from build- ing to a parity with Britain, but for our part we should be disposed to re- fuse giving our sanction to such a process under the name of limitation." inch contrasting material. the pattern. 89-inch for short sleeves; % yard 39- Price 20c The skirt, having an inverted plait at each side of the front, and slightly Gi Taxes, : "I stopped my horse lately where a great number of people were collect- ed at a vendue of merchant's goods.' The hour of sale not being come they, which c we draw from the outside _TAterary: Digest. will be imperiled by cutting us off from the world. world, our industrial system must stagnate. If not our lives, then our SSS prosperity and our standard of living Wilson Publishing Company Britain's interest in gathers at the back, is joined to a dart-fitted under-bodice having a shaped top, or shoulder straps. The skirt is No. 1590 and is in sizes 34, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inches bust. Size 36 were conversing on the badness of the, times; and one of the company called' to a plain, clean old man with white locks, "Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the times? Won't these may do so again as long as the protec- tion of trade routes is allowed to re- main a British monopoly: Our interest in foreign trade, while not yet so large as Britain's, is in- ergasing far more rapidly. It is prob- is a profitable companion. -- It removes the odors of dining or smoking from the breath, soothes the mouth and tongue, allays thirst cations as are the British. Even now we are giving hostages to fortune in permitting any other nation to domin- ate our communications." And in the Minneapolis Journal we read: "Smaller and hence less expensve cruisers would serve Great Britain well, equipped as she s with plenty of naval bases. Six-linch guns for cruisers, instead of eight-inch, would enable her to arm as auxiliary cruis- ers for 663 merchant vessels of from 6,000 to 25,000 tons. Against this number the United States has only ninety-eight such vessels." Explaining why the United States does not welcome Britain's proposal to limit the size of cruisers to 7,500 tons, the Detroit Free Press says: "The phenomenal extension of our trade routes southward and across the Pacific, especially the latter, is a fac- tor that American naval authorities are compelled to take into account in determining any maximum tonnage limitation on cruisers--and this ap- plies to other types of auxiliary ves- sels suitable for the task of protect- ing trade. With cruisers held down to 7,500 tons, and having a restricted cruising radius, the United States pwould be virtually shut out of the! western Pacific and Asia. Our naval bases on this ocean are separated by thousands of miles--distances which the small cruisers would be unable to make. "Our nearest naval base is 3,400 miles from Japan. Britain has naval bases and fueling stations all over the world, and along the 10,000 miles between England and Japan the over- age distance from station to station is only 1,650 miles." The British attitude at Geneva, ac- cording to-a dispatch from Harold E. HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS. laide St., Toronto. return mail. oh CREDIT CRISIS Sir George Paish Foresees Complete Breakdown of Credit The world is in danger of impaired credit, even of a complete breakdown of credit, writes Sir George Paish, British financier, in the current issue of "Barron's Financial Keekly." After pointing out the necessity of credit for the well-being of the world, Sir George Paish comments, "Since the credit system was introduced a condition of complete distrust and an entire absence of credit has never been experienced, and, therefore, no one is able to visualize what would be the effect upon demand, production 3589 A. MODISH SEPARATE BLOUSE AND SKIRT. ' Exceedingly smart is the blouse shown here, of unusual design, having tucks at the shouldérs, and a square neck. Contrasting material is used for the bands under the scallops at the left side of the blouse and on the long tight-fitting sleeves, cuffs on the short sleeves, and patch-pocket. The blouse is No. 1589 and is in sizes 34, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inches bust. Size 36 requires 2% yards 39-inch or 1% yards 54-inch material; % yard less Commonwealth Has Adopted Canberra, Australia's new capital, recently inaugurated in a fitting man- ner, has provided the commonwealth with an excellent excuse to sound its siren of "opportunity" throughout the British Empire. Australia--in truth one of the newer of the world's con- tinents, or, if one prefer, the largest of the world's islands--has adopted as a slogan: "The Land of the Bet- ter Chance." With a good propostion to sell, Australia is vigorously launched upon a campaign of salesmanship. If these are busy days in thé-Commonwealth that has already produced at least one superlative prima donna and to-day proclaims itself the biggest wool pro- ducer on the globe, there are also few idle moments in Australia House-- that imposing building in London's Strand, where the Director of Migra- tion and Settlement keeps long and regular office hours. Hes the oppor- tunity siren's London mouthpiece. The Director of Migration and Set- tlement is a kind of sublimated cham- ber of commerce. He is primed with statistics covering Australia's "sun- shine products"; her flocks, herds and crops that "live in the sunlight"; her "Kangaooo" brand butter, opulent with vitamines; her fresh and pre- served fruits, some of which are of- ten temptingly exhibited in glass jars in the windows of Australia House for the delectation of the commerce of the Strand; her wines, "sweet and dry, heavy and light, to suit all tastes." Workers Are Needed. But-"sunshine products" do not produce themseves untended. Aus- tralia being a young nation still im- bued with the pioneering-spirit, needs workers of every sort; and the Di- rector in the Strand is ready to meet all likely applicants half way. It is the -Diréctor's business to drum up AUSTRALIA BIDS FOR IMMIGRANTS Better Chance'--Many Ways to Lure the Colonist and prosperity of a complete credit breakdown. It is because the world is in danger of impaired credit, and even of a complete breakdown of credit, that so much anxiety is felt in all countries about the future. Some of the greatest authorities are convinced that such a breakdown is inevitable, and all are agreed that unless far- reaching measures are taken forthwith as a Slogan "The Land of guaranteed, upon arrival, steady em- ployment as domestic workers, "un- der conditions that offer ample scope for recreation and social adyance- ment." Another bid is addressed to British parents and provides "a chance for your boy." Australia is eager to re- ceiye "farm learners." Free training on Government Farms may be en- joyed by "a Mmited number of boys"; but "work on arrival" is guaranteed to all, impartially. And-while, unlike the women, "your boy" is not trans- ported free of charge, the steamship fares are low and are "payable after- arrival, if necessary." Future Assured. ' Wages begin with shillings (a boy earns a minimum wage of 16 shillings a week, with his keep, to start on), but there will be "periodical increases according to ability." Nor need the London-bred youth fear lest he be con- sidered ill-equipped for the adventure overseas, for he is assured that "pre- vious experience is not essential." Willing lads who save their wages are promised "certain prospects of becom- ing independent farmers." Not in Ganberra alone but through- out the Pacific dominion a boom in nation building seems to be in pro- gress. Australia--as a special chal- lenge, perhaps, to Canada--proudly points to prairies on which graze 90,- 000,000 sheep. The Australian cheese output has risen to 300,000,000 pounds a year. The bacon yield is 69,000,000 pounds. There are now about fifty woolen and tweed mills. The cities are reported to be ex- panding. And there appears to be ditions will become extremely danger- ous." The United States is the savior. con- tinues the article which reads, "That America is still granting credit so freely is-a most fayorable circum- stance. Indeed, so long as she con- tinues able and willing to grant it as freely as she is now doing, the danger of breakdown may be averted. But with this willingness cn the part of America toe grant credit the volume of credit is rapidly increasing with- out any corresponding expansion in the power of borrowers to redeem the temporary credit already obtained or to meet the service of the permanent obligations they have incurred, "This dangerous situation has not caused by any lack of productive capa- city, for the available evidence indi- cates that the world's power to pro- duce foodstuffs, raw materials, and manufactured goods has not only re- covered to the pre-war level but now exceels {t. Nor fs it due to any un- willingness to work and to produce. Jf it were, the nations would not create so many obstacles to the distribution of existing products. It arises from various causes, the chief of which 1s psychological. After the unGxampied courage displayed by all nations dur- ing/ the war, the world has reacted to a condition of extreme fearfulness which has thrown it out of balance and unable to understand or to realize the éonsequences of {ts actions." The article concludes, "In consequ- f Every woman's desire is to achieve that smart different appearance which draws favorable comment from the observing public. The designs illus- trated in our new Fashion Book are originated in the heart of the style centres and will help you to acquire that much desired air of individuality. Price of the book 10 cents the copy. Write your name and address plain- ly, giving number and size of such patterns as you want. Enclose 20c in stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap it carefully) for each number and address your order to Pattern Dept., Wilson Publishing Co., 73 West Ade- Patterns sent by FAGES WORLD to strengthen the credit situation eon- IX and aids appetite and digestion. a oor can Every Meal Se ISSUE No, 31-- able, it not certain, that before many | emigration from the crowded Britis |quality as well in this expansion. Aus- tralia is developing a native architec- ture, of which the recently dedicated Parliament Building in Canberra is a striking example. It is huge but low; it neither rambleg por gpratvis, but in & tiassivs ay covers ground--as it Aa Os Y that of the British Isles. Tho in- tries is largely in manufactured goods, a field in which our superiority to the British is only beginning to show itself. The trend is nowhere clearer than in the British dominions. British exports to Australia in 1924 were some $20,000,000 less' than in 1928; in the same year American ex- ports to Australia increased $45,000,- 000, a jump of 40 per cent. years our foreign trade will exceed | crease of our trade with foreign coun-, Isles. He is leaving no stone unturn-/to demonstrate that whete a city has din an effort to convert dwellers in! plenty of elbow room there really is the over-peopled mother country into o reason to soar upward: colonials with .all but lmitless} The "Land of the Better Chance" prairles upon wHich to work out their|has a sense of humor, too. For, in- destinies. celdentally, the noble and spaciously By means of posters and display ad-|austers Parliament edifice has a de- vertising a series of offers that may/}bonair note, lending an air of xersa- well bring results is being broadcast. | tility. This is apparent in a little One of these offers applies to women,|porch at one side toward the back, who are asked to accept, with the} upon which, it has been suggested, Colonial Government's compliments, | defeated bills may pause as they slip free passage to Australia; who are out for a consoling cup of tea. ence both of the war and of the poll- cles pursued since the war the world has now to face a situation in which the amount of credit in existence {g fabulous, when the di culties of mak- ing payment are insurmountabie, and When a general breakdown of credit is' prevea+22 <1 4F the Création of st{ll more credit." cf AUTO PARTS - Shay's Auto stock of slightly used parts for most makes of cars. Batteries, Carburétor2. Coils, Springs, Wheels, Tires, at small portion of original cost. Your money back if wanted. 927 DUFFERIN ST. TORONTO {Minard's Liniment for scaly scalp. alvage carries largest Jog: uires 1% yards 86 or 39-inch ma- i per IDs pereH Ope os Cami ae Tae malay % ' < . ne for skirt; 1% ree 86-inch Be rae aah he ie eae much greater-than ours," And jrescan JOLXy material for shaped top, or 1 yard for|/them? What would you advise us| ay ticipate re, Hine penn Cen straight top with shoulder straps-/to7" Father Abraham stood up and' aUUY 88 Eales ss - ©) | Price 20 cents the pattern. replied: "If you woould have my ad- vice, I will give it to you in short: for, a word to the wise is enough andl many, words won't fill a bushel, as Poor Richard says." They all joined desiring him to speak his mind, and gathering round him, he proceeded as follows: ' "Friends," says he, "and neighbors, the taxes are indeed very heavy,. and i fthose iaid on by the government were the only ones we had to pay, we might the more easily discharge them; but we have many others and muchmore grievous to some of us. We are taxed twice as much by our pride, and four times as much by our folly, and from these the town men cannot ease or deliver us, by allowing an abatement. However, let us hearken to good advice and something ma; be done for us, God helps them that helps themselves, as Poor Richard says in the Almanac of 1733."--F¥rom "Poor Richard's Almanac of 1757," by Benjamin Franklin. (te Minard's Liniment tor earache. HD yi Tempus Fugit. It was little Jackie's first train journey, and the succession of won- ders had astonished him. When the locomotive plunged into a long tunnel there came from his cor- ner many exclamations of dismay and suspicion. Then the train rushed out into the bright sunlight again, and a voice was lifted in profound thank- fulness and wonder. "Hurrah! It's to-morrow!" -------- Please Magistrate: "You say this man stole your watch. Do I understand that you prefer the charge against him ?'* Pat: "Well, no, your worship, I prefer the watch, if it's all the same to you." _ - BICYCLE BARGAINS New and Slight ' used, $10 upwards. Transportation Pre- paid, Writa tor Price List, VEERLESS BICYCLE = WORKS 193 Dundas Street West, Yoronto 1500 the Grand Stand Spec- tacle "Canada" a vivid dramatiza- tion of Canada's Historic Develop- ment, , + $50,000 World Championship 21- mile Swim--the second Wrigley Marathon--on Wednesday August 3ist. Nearly one hundred modern per- manent buildings, costing $8,500,- 900, contain exhibits from the world over and provide an educa- tion beyond description. © 4,000-VYoice weit Nat oe casts a divine spell. leaving th Spectator wata a Cavcal 2m the throat and 2 glow in the heart. . A fascinating, picturesque, 13- day exposition that stuns by its magnitude, amazes by its corapre- hensiveness, enthralls by its var- jety, and fascinates with its noble, brilliant pageantry. 5 - Write Dep't of Publicity, Canadian National Exhibition, Toronto 2, Ont., for all particulars, 1 Oth Year = Celebrating C ia Bree apap a t C.N.E. Birthday 3 ' <OHN.G. KENT JOHN. 3, DIXON Mynazinr Pri Director ~ 4