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A brief skeoh of life in that com- munity as we remember It may not be uninteresting to 'the present genera- tion, especially in the great West. where farm life is a lukury; compared to what it was,when the writer picked limbs and chips in the clearing. hoed corn and potatoes the stony hlll‘ side. out grain with a. sickle and helped thrash the year’s crop wlth a flail. It is safe to fly there was not a m'owinz machine in the entire county until some years after the close of the re- bellion. There were no riding plow§. no hay rakes and stackers. no cultiva- tors. except the old shovel plot-r. and no rest at any time for. the weary coun-l try boy. He was given the poorest; scythe and expected to keep up with} his father in the clover field or meadowi ud at night time, when the day‘s labor} In the field was done he turned the old: stone for an hour to sharpen the tools for the next day’s work, cut wood, feed the cattle and horses, and do oth-‘ er chores before seeking rest- in his trundle bed. The next morning he was on by daylight and at it again. It is strange how many things Pennsyl- vnia fathers can find for their boys to do all the year round. In the early spring it was repair {hm-es. clear a few acres of timber into another field each year; then came getting the ground ready for corn. pota- toes and buckwheat, the hay- ing. harvesting. which w' soon followed by plowing amiSee ng win- ,tcr wheat and rye. But. whS' enumerâ€" ate? It was one continual round of hard work for the greater part 'of the year. and the balance of the time was put in worrying over what was com,â€" lnx. . ' In the early fall the migratory shoeâ€" maker would put in an appearance and “shoe" the whole family. from‘ mother in father down to the last .ba‘by.‘ He was hired by the day. our parents'fur- mm the leather. During' the sum- mer ahoemakers would visit the farm- cream! solicit the jobs. but they all asked the same price per day. and even then in the wilderness of Pennsylvania these t-obblers were not averse to torm- ‘ilg a trust on labor. When the shoe.- mher was located with his bench and tools melt member 0'! the family would «he their turn. and there was often fifesavfâ€"or' flcrtitious show. and ,be- lined in the strictest economy and the most incessant toil: §é ‘ pushes west into Clehrheid'irom Cen~ tor and other counties in the famous Bold Eagle valley. to where lqnd was chap and-plenum], and there. began cutting farms out of the vast forests. Notlnfrequently a young man, after clinging himself to a country lass. would strike out into the forest on the western .range of the Allegheny moun- tsunami clear a few acres as a nucleus for his farm. build a small log house and then return to civilization for his bride. They usually took the wedding journey by ox team with their wagon loaded with the household goods their parents ‘gave them and wandered out into the wilderness to build homes for themselves and their children. it was ly of such industrious and frugal people that Clearfleld county was pop- ulated. They cared little for society REMINISCENCES 0F. PRlMlTIVE TIMES IN PENNSYLVANIA lif-"TATE. gmt rivalry among the boys as to who should be first. The girls» were gnu-Ally given preference. and it did I brother's heart good to see the little tots enjoy their winter's footwear while’ )1. was new. ' Folloiing the close of the summer‘s and hll‘o work came three months of mm school. To some this came as a relief; to others it was worse than drudgery on the farm. How lamili r to the writer. alter a lapse‘ of m ' sets. is that old log school house minding as it did then in thv woods, with no farm or farm house in sight. Not even a public highway passer] near it, but-paths diverging in all directions from that temple of learning led to setâ€" tlements surrounding. many of the pn- pils walking as far 'as three miles through the (loop snows of- winter in alder ‘to secure an education. It was :T is 'diflicultfio c911- } ccive at anything more primitive than some localiâ€" ties in Pcnnsyl~ vania were‘prior to the civil war, be fore railroads were bum, into Clear- fleld County. where the writer was born. The sturdy pioneers. princi- pally Germans. had more 1 LILY! u. At the time we write : [-3 teacher was not employed so mu: becauseo! his learning its his abilit,‘ to_ wield a whip and maintain. ‘ord " The least shay of fear on the part 1: the teacher meant giving up his job. Behind his desk. lying on two nails 1“ full View of the school wasusually ti ‘2‘ :hoicest rod he could find in the tor-r . When he had severalofl'endern to . 381 with he would stand them in a r: »'l in front of his desk and punish thm‘ all at the same time. Some teacher were need- lessly severe, but no doult a. great deal of severity was‘necessarrr ingorder to preserve any sort of orde 2 one touch- er in particular had 3 ion :: ode or,rule’s hung up that it was aim ‘. impossible for any child to obey. iii‘ en a sneeze above a whisperwould 83‘. ieét the vic~ tim to Some sort of punis 1 lent. Some years later that teacher 1 as- drowned in a mill damuand no on; vho ever at- tended his schoo‘l'shed a : ar. Each winter we were “spelling schools.’ and th bright spot in school life. be chosen and one side v other down. Usually tw tiest girls were named and and naturally they first the best spellers 11 Many a boy studied hii speller late at night in 01 slim privilege of standi: o! the prettiest girl for moments at spelling so when the close came, tk range themselves outsidr ask permission or the 3 home with them. Many tug lad came to grief in as that was backwoods in that old building so boys and girls gained tm edge in education, and it same old school house t) 8/ score of young men ' Union army during the c to'win glory. and others turn. The building ‘: church services for ma! many funeral: at soldiv there. - __ know nothing better. A: over our experiences in ' 3e look back ‘ hat-‘ country school we feel that :1 cm itry 'belle is the most arbitrary crca r ~~e on earth. rShe loves to make! 19. tel o v miserable. and will smile on him 01 his hopes only for 3. ch r day to raise r owe to frown on him the next to dash}l em to earth. “Husking bees” .were v:~ her country diversions that made lift The young men of a would be invited to bus] worth living. :eighborhool be com and the girls would make'aru a butter un- til nightfall. Then the § 31mg people would pair off and Ms? corn for an hour or two. it was an m :wrltten law that every time a young rcd ear of corn he had a kiss the‘girl by his side. was charged that many‘ men. yellvd "rcd ear" nothing of the kind, an. (harged that some vc were color blind and on men's attention to only .. ~orcd cars. At ‘any n music in the corn field : cakcs hitting a sidewalk come a good supper am‘ daylight. Those old lie:s" arc Yet a pleisaut n. lirc during boyhood daj the country funeral. thq ings. an occasional horse raising made up forlife - . home. no found a 331 right to 0! course it I f the‘ young I‘ in thcy had i it was oven 1. pretty girls 14 i the young i ghtly disco]- ‘ thcre was ~ xiiar to pan- ’l‘hcn would ancing until i re “husking . uory of farm 8 The wake. 1rival meet- ? ice and ham .= humdruui at know nothing better. A: over our experiences In school we feel that a, (K the most arbitrary croa rShe loves to make! a rel and will smile on him 01 his hopes only for 3. ch on him the next to dash There were, of course other bright spots in the life of, tin fountry,boy. One of these was a. “ r ckleberrying trip" into the’mountainés in the sumâ€" mer. Several families v v ild join in a party and drive some 20 wiles into the western range of the Al 9 theny moun- tains after berries, and t‘rr v *do so there yet to this day. A cup would' be chosen, a boy or two let': ‘.0 watch the teams during the day. 1 the “Lance would go in search of h" ies. Usually about a week was con-umed in this way. At night time the N I folks would sit in a circle around a H ,ior an hour or No and gossip, out some of the yarns they would spin about bears. wildcat: and ghosts wr-r‘d make the young people crawl clay: to their par- ents. No doubt many an: ies ware told to See the elect .it wou'fi have on the r-hildren. But the trip 3 looked for- ward to every‘ year as a v: rt 0! on outâ€" ing, a going ariay form h one on a va- ration. and ,that did u- youngsters good. ‘ " ' Another vacation of a r each .year was soon 81?: when we went into a to z away and gathered chef: ,: «31 huudxjad i: firstknowl- m Ls m that . more than pm at into the £1 war. some never to re- 25: used for years, and r were held, The wake. \vival meet- we and ham humdrum at 1 grout deal innarder to one touch- ode of,rule’s : impossible en a sneeze led: the vlc« lent. Some 38- drowned vho ever at- 81'. van atveral was the one Sides would 11d spell the )t the pret- lr cap as. )uld oh the school. old Cobb‘s r to get the by the side few fleeting 01. Then. boys would 1e door and mole of days zr tho frost. t some miles xuts, hickory there was zilar to pan- Thon would ancing until 1e “husklng nory of farm s to walk Well mean- at way. but thuette We nuts and walnuts. No woll :- ulated country home considered its w nter'a supply ‘or somtithing to eat comphate Without a bin of nuts. lnstmd of buyâ€" ing them ,euvh family. went Into the forest and gatherod tigem. _ * ~ _4_-_. At the time Wv write of the nearest railway “113785 miles distant.‘ At least two-thirds of the. inhabitants at our district had up' to that‘time never been a train of cars or heard a steam whistle, because sawmills and "grist mills." as they were called. Wore pro- polled by water. Whenever :1 man needed some flour he “0"“ W “ he lied a “grist" and took it to the ne est mill and had it ground. paylng in toll out of the grain (or the g: Inning. Some of thoeo old mlilswere wonders of architecture and muhlnery. but they answered their purpose well. Nearly all the origmp‘lgsettwrs lived In 103 house; many of which are doing servlce yet.‘ They were roomy and warm. though not handsome. In time. as the owners grew able. they weather- boarded their houses. sometimes even paluting them. but thls was unusual. The barns were the most pretentious. however, as these were supposed to hold all the grain and he)! rglsesl on the nun. u... ~uy 0.... (arm, besides housing all the livestock in the winter. The barns were gener- ally built on the sldehlll. with a threshing floor on the first story. and mows for buy on each slde, while. in the basement the cattle. horses and sheep were sheltered. ‘ no- 1â€" .. “abâ€"J a ‘u._.,., . ...__ to within lest; than half a century ago. Few newspapers were read than. and about all the hooks in the house weri- the old family Bible and the school hooks used by the children. Young men would grow to manhood without going 30 miles from home. There was nothing to coax them away from scenes familiar to them. nothing to tempt them to seek adventure. The inhabitants were peaceable and lawâ€" abiding. There was seldom a quarrel and a lawsuit. and while every "tav- ern'fi had its saloon attachment it was rare that an intoxicated man was seen. A drunkard then was considered a no- body, and were he a young man no self- respecting girl would speak to him. Moral suasion was all powui'ui in everything. ‘ The people were fairly happy and prosperous, no doubt fully as much so as they are since the advent of railroads. the opening of mines and the inauguration of . vast manufactur- ing industries. nutty "cu. u..-..... _. Taken as s wh‘ole. life in cvntral Pennsylvania {was yeg primitive up , ._L_‘..__ _.. The famous French savnnt. M. Ber- thelm. has discovered ,pintinum in Egypt. Examining a metal box. once the property of an Egyptian queen in the seventh century 8 .C.. he found a plate supposed to be silver. .Ciooer ex- amination showed that the piste is made of an alloy of platinum and gold. The box itself is otherwise interesting. its sides being covered with inscripâ€" tions and designs in gold and silver. lt hails from'l‘hebes. The platinum prob- ably came from the alluvial dePOSlu in the valley of the upper Nile. Bjornstjerne Bjornson. the Norwe- gian poet. is idolized by all Norwegians, while Ibsen my nther be said only a: be admired. The two men are oppo- sites in personality, habits and tunes. and indeed. have only one thing in common. the untriendiiness with which common. we uflll'lellullllwu m they are regarded In Sl'eden. Chauncey M. 100ch Unltod sates neuter from a'hnost a septuagencrlan, will soonwod young md Palmer. He eagerly‘loolu forward to the hour whe: mistress of hls home. nEPEW TO BE A BRIDEGROOM. the Nerve- Then like a bony troop-hone Th! hears the bugiewall His eye grew clear nnd brilliant. "in form erect and all. The boys of "boom and saddle: And butlle'n blood crest To him were all imprisoned Within the army'chat. 1” A veteran my uni wrinkled. And seamed mm new wu h A man who marched and huh]: “‘Ith Shannan to the sea: All day he dosed In alreamjand. H1: held upon his breast. ' Unless he vhnnced to open Hts war-worn “my chest. “'Ilh careful. loving fingers . He took us treasure: out. The m that In! lhe'nme. The word that checked the ro The blanket full of cranes And mémorles 0! rest. And blvouacn In the 5 am. Were In the army c t. , The blouse In 'hk‘h n bulls! ‘ Had burned a blackened hole. The plume so bright 'and yellow When-(he drums began to roll. Though from Its nodding nvlendor The moth lad mule a rest .‘ For many a sultry summer " Within the sunny clue-Q. But most of I“ be cherished A rlncle! not! and fine. A Southern-maiden give uâ€" Thepulm-lree to the Mneâ€" Wh n In her home he lingered Vnr's not unwelcome guest; 1": silken nunah‘me (fldod The dln'cy army chen. The-prime minister of Holland. Dr. Abraham Kuypcr. has broken the rec- ord by being the first doctor of divinity and preacher to hold tbnt position. in the British house of common: during the last decade oevernl former divine: hove attained eminence. Thus. the Rt. Hon. H. A. Aclund. who we. a member of the cabinet of 1892-95. in an ex-clor. gymon of the church of Enchnd. and served It on time u cuntor under Dr. Creighton, the late bishop of London. I neuter from New York, although id young um! beautiful I!" lay the hour when he will mtg/ll her Long since the brave old aoldigr, \Vho (lot-led In his warn. Has heard the final min-all And Inn-ten with the Man: But at!" at times I (Macy In regions of the Men He yearn- to rummage over His battered army chem. â€")umu Irving. In built; ! An ndvem trade buience of 830.000.- 000 for the month at Ausult does not make a very gratifying exhibit for the country which hes long been the letter in internetionel trade. 'l‘o Annie-u the report is instructive in that the to- te! British purchuee from this country were volued et about £1,435,000. while its melee were only 5315.000. in other words. the month’l tote! debit balqnce is all due this country. Arkansu Inn $749 manta-wring mnlhhmentl. with a cnplul of m,- 000.000. all n ywly product of 846‘- 000.000 The Incmne in ten yours I: upiul. 140 pt: cent. catah‘hhmenu. 181 per cenL products. 98 per cent yearly. The wage uncr- number 26.501. with a yearly payroll of 88.606191. Possibly the clergyman who Invested the church fund- in a rum plann- tlon with disastrous results Ind never heard of am comm-ndncnt "Thou shalt not rubber.” THE ABIY CHEST. ulle‘a Weekly “Mr‘ W 1 “’ CHIXXS NE STAND ' The tumor can he lgotten the lucid.” M to but was ‘so impreuod with the lane writer um In not my 1' ‘nVG him but highly mm In; mom“ “a nut-cu. um u: this I...» may people no: on and 'you do an hummm‘tho - newly rich to find 311.0! than an“; Immense mum-'- "' ‘ Developlfll“ on "" . “11W. of W zxrsm will battle tot us right If wowed to tannin his Idea; If he will Dunn!!! his rights may of those who are op- vollnx reform- In the country will bk «on a) hit mndll‘d- A A , n..- Amman-m aon a; me u u. Hie [nuance :tutlour edict: torbldiflns the sale of once! and prawn; tor the abolition of the old style at cullin- tione based upon the reform manor-tell sent to the court by Chen; cnin but end other mthern Viceroy: u «lieu-aâ€" oi the empire and nre undoubtedly more continent of their mummy to public interest. than nu at the oth- en. It must he understood thnt the ”5' lie mind of China in in n crude late and the policyottrnthtulneum-ot «teen to prevail. thet the Inn-en day he (Many {roused to a. sense of their Whil- U. The fact of the nutter in that 11th all their adherence to religion. methods the Chinese are prudently mulâ€" "i send this asking pardon for 112‘ damage 1 and Lin Buy did you in ten. In: up your sprint to get hard; to swim on. I ouppoud it w u Iced bod settled in the and. It ha been oven 30 years ago. i want to lake every: thing straight here below. to when my: cue coma baton Chm in Judge-bu: i will not be fond mating, l up try- in; to ludndflmnt 11“.!th the hereafter m- me don't mount to much. Pleas «Imp no u line uni let me Inrinracud Quantum-oi cu: know it i- d. you won’t reins-her no Jun- at." was my mutter m I lived with him tour "In. is“. They have long since ”TIM at the point when they consider walla dmserous and mm amnion}; “no" “â€" _.....- "W I! They are naturally luv-shut". not harmed by than in "not“! they accept their rule with compul- tive equaninity. But above .n this]: they believe in Munich] purity. 10" population bu no checkmwod and pe- meated the Chinese bureaucracy that honest 0|!!ch tppear to the ordinry citizen to be nu almost impossible prgpocition.‘ After am there :- conddmbk coo- :nlence mm the people ot this coun- try. Sonatina: we get up unmet who do not show even o lymptou of conscience. but the out. one rare. A little nuance comes from the status of Indiana nod Colondo. that shows how soft a: velvet a man's conscience can become 1! he [W In the and race for dol‘lnru to uk forgiveness tor the wrong: he committed may year! ago. A resident of Colorado rent the follow~ mg manly letter to on Indium tom he did not treat fill]! our 80 you: 1180' It would be well It muons! mum- ation or mu qua-flan could he brought about. for the force of domestic ecu» only In Chluwtllnve tobeonootun first questiqm considered. _ Dr. F. W. Tm. he“ cur. department or blolon, has 90"“04 $0?th th- at Institution and m N.“ on the board to Idiot ml, United State- nvmm ¢ the St. Louis tux. ' fiaere line for all-ks ( The telephone tncllluel «tum-ted between Bhutan! 1nd other Inoenor cluea could not be more properly con- ducted ands!“ line. have proved very remunentlve. There fie 1 great demand for teléphone faculties tro- all the coast towns and cities. for the business 'peopie ire n.9- Idly converging to the point of utilize- uon or novel acumen, the taper-t!- tloue Ideal In ten!!! to an heeomln‘ rapidly Menu-nod; ,_ _ _ _ _ astonishing to lam Lha't elect plhncea are finding a. wide use had that here are wide pallibi electrical development that. A thouund clues and tom um involved la this development: thou sum: of allot of electric mum-d will be bullt and innumerable W llm are pmjectod. The telephone In- tem will have the ndvanuxe over the telegraph because the km of Cbln ls mlnly lnartlculnte. The common words wt u largely Incomprehensible'pnblqn and 'the efl‘ecu «find an be more many conveyed by ml'ephonetc communica- tion. A cur. 6! come: are tremendous mummies 1 China it the proper control n m be maintained. it will b in: to lam that electrical 1; am finding a wide use in Chin rub-mm“ tor MALCOLM J. GRAHAM. a Iehct unlm soul-uncut exhibit to.» the Wflthe 13 GA!!!- 26" “7 I. 'P' bd‘ M 11‘