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fjjgtffctitfl fMndealn ' ./ j 1. VAN SLYKg, pifef yd PMbtiahfr- | y" MOHENRT, - - ILLINOIS. A man was arrested in New York lot kneeling on Broadway and praying, fie doubtless could have stood up and sworn the shinglesoff the'roqfs *nd no one ' wqtoid hafe interfered with Mm. , ABOUT §1,000,000,000 of the national debt has been paid since the war ended. Prance had now nearly treble the debt of the United States, and Great Britain more than doable. Even Spain has a bigger debt than that which remains to the United States. •• r 'l->-' " "1: HALF the silver dollars circulated in Montana are alleged to be counterfeits made by the Chinese in San Francisco. They are described as of exactly the weight of the genuine ones, one thirty- second part of an inch larger in diame­ ter. They contain only 16 oanta-' worth of silver, which is all on the surface. IN an article, showing to what extent Chinese competition has driven white labor outof the trades in San Francisco, the Alta, of that city, gives these in­ structive figoresj^--. Chtoe»? etgarmakern...... 8,800 White cigarmakefs n.,ji .{.......... 179 Chin ere clothing nska*. »• 4. i...... .7,610 White clothing makets..... 1,000 Chinese shoe ojierativea 5,700 Write ahoe operative*. 1,100 be profoundly at a loss to know what to do in the latter opae. Xtif* % thing unheard of hero.. IHC-Gov. GBAR'S rteent joitfifey to Colorado was attended with many hard­ ships. Elected President of a mining company in Iowa, he had set out at once personally to inspect the mines, and traveled to Pueblo and across the Sangre de Cristo range of mountains to Le Veta pass. Thence the journey had to be made by sleigh and on snow-shoes over wenty-seven miles of the Rocky mount­ ains to Del Norte. One night was spent in theicy wilderness 13,000 feet above the sea, and Gov. Gear arrived at his destination in an exhausted con­ dition. So mam petty laroepiea have been committed by visitors to the t^hite House that a new rule has been made in regard to admitting strangers and tho public general!/! They are no longer admitted into the whole suite of rooms on the ground floor. A permit is nec­ essary tojget into any but the East room. Recently four majolica ornaments were stolen from the mantel of the Careen room, and the President justifiably or­ dered that the promiscuous crowd who frequent the White House should be confined to the East room, where there is nothing much that can be taken away, «xcept the chairs and sofas. CONGRESSMAN COX interviewed Os- man Pasha, the hero of Plevna, at Con­ stantinople, and pleads guilty to & feel­ ing that made him hold his hat with a tighter grip. Osman is described as an equable handsome man, built like Gen. HoClellan, with large, black and lus-' troij-; eyes. He is now Minister of War and must be an impressive figure, as lb. Cox more than intimates that the Congressman was not a little flushed in the presence of the soldier. A SHORT time ago a dealer in Pennsyl­ vania failed-owing a New York house several hundred dollars, and an agent Was at once dispatched to see if anything oould be saved from the wreck. After the lapse of two or three days he-wrote back: "Complete failure. Can't realize a cent. Debtor skipped the country. Beet I can do is to elope with his wife, fair to medium, and 35 years old. An­ swer by telegraph." The ansfeer in­ structed him to return home and let the A&Ki -MA , THE White House conservatories, un­ der the charge of five gardeners, are breed to their Utmost all of the time to provide (the decorative plants arid flow­ ers for the regular use. In the rose house built for Mrs. Hayes some 300 blossoms are cut each day, but for extra occasions other Government green­ houses are levied upon, as at the last , State dinner 900 roses were dsed on the table alooe, b«"«»* the ooean» or noieui and heliotropes over which the primrose •hips sailed. . | AccoBimra to & P. Porter's report on indebtedness the lowest rate of interest s in North Carolina, which State pays or promises to pay 2 per cent, on $6,578,- 000 of its debt. Almost one-half of the aggregate debt of the several States, or $516,832,826 pays £ per ceni interest while on $23,370,864, 10 per cent inter­ est is paid. Nevada pays 15 per oent. interest on $19,000 of indebtedness, an3 12 per cent, on $29,000. Minnesota pays 12 per oent. on $26,190. These axe the highest rates paid in any of the States. WHBN a special palaoe car was used for Modjeska, the actress, it was utilized as an advertising medium, the sides be­ ing emblazoned like a circus ear. This season Booth and Patti have each had a special car, but a plain one as to exte­ riors, though the interiors were in each instance handsomely and conveniently arranged as a dwelling-place. Next fall Ijotta, Maggie Mitchell, Mary Anderson and several other stars will travel in the same comfortable manner. Except in the largest cities, they will eat fcs well as sleep in their can. - A STOKY is going the rounds at Wash­ ington that the Chineete Minister, with his interpreter, called at the house of Secretary Frelinghuysen, when Miss Frelinghuysen offered him a eupof tea. The Minister drank the tea and re­ marked very coolly: "It is of medium quality. I will send yon some that is really fine." The next day she received, with his compliments, two pretty boxes of tea and a pair of vases of exquisitely- carved white weoq. The diplomat after­ ward explained thVt only the Ciiinese grandees get the best quality of tea. Foreigners may pay what they choose, but they cannot get anything above sec­ ond grade. THZBB is a man in California who has a habit of getting away with the high­ waymen of'that State. A few years ago, in response to the demand of one of them, he .threw his money on the ground^ and, when the highwayman Stooped lb pick it up, he shot him dead. And about a week ago, meeting another, who drew his pistol first, he took out bis p-nrsc, as the highwayman demanded; but, instead of handing, it over to him, threw it at the pistol, knocked it out of his hand, succeeded in picking it up first, and drove the rascal off. In . the course of twenty years more he may aoquire a reputation lor this sort of thing which will save'him from this an­ noyance. AT a birthday party given by the daughter, aged 11, of Mr. E. Ohapin, proprietor of the Narragansett Hotel, Providence, a cake about the size of a wash-tub was the center-piece of the feast. When the knife was applied it refused to go below tne surface.. The top crust was removed entire, and it was found that the cake was filled with saw­ dust. The young guests were com­ forted when each was requested to take a spoon and fish from the sawdust a package containing a favor. Seventy- five packages were thus obtained. TKB Astor estate, in New York, is valued in the tax list for 1881 at $11,500, - 000. The personal estate of Wm. H. and Wm. K. Yanderbilt (not including the nejr houses on Fifth avenue) is veined at $3,250,000; Mrs. Cornelia M. Stewart, $5,250,000; A T. Stewart & Co., $3,000,000; Peter and Robert Goelet, $5,670,000; ex-Gov. Edwin D. Morgan, $1,000,000; James Gordon Bennett, $1,200,000'; Elizabeth Burr, $1,200,000 ; Ames JL Eno, *4,000,009; S. S. Hig- gins, $2,000,000; Robert Banner, $900,000; Lorillard estate, $2,500,000.- MeNUMKNT-BUtLDiNo to the memory of the Earl of Beaoonsfleld took an ex­ traordinary turn. Money fer the pur­ pose of such commemoration was sub­ scribed with unusual alacrity, and now that the statue designed is reaching com- letion it is found that there will be a •tupkis of at least $10,000. The prob­ lem which confronts the committee is not to cfetermine how a deficit shall be made up, but is the altogether pleas- anter one, what shall be done with Prose Poems From the Chinese. A Woman Bqfare Her Mirror.-- Seated before her mirror, she gases at tne ttoouiigWf. t»naMMh> tiling-'w down, and breaks the entering light; it seems as though all through the room one sees jade shivered into a thousand atoms. But instead of combing her hair she lets down the bamboo blind, and the moon appears yet more brilliant, even as a woman clad in silk, who lets her robe fall, t The Porcelain Pavilion.-- In the midst of the little artificial lake there rises a pavilion of green and white por­ celain. It is reached by a bridge of jade that curves like the back of a tiger. And in that pavilion friends clod in bright robes are drinking together cups of lukewarm wine. Gaily they converse or write verses, pushing their hats a lit­ tle back on their heads, or tucking up their sleeves. And in the lake itself, where the little bridge, reflected upside down, looks like a crescent of jade, there are also friends in bright robes, upside down, in a pavilion of porcelaiu. The Stairway of Jade.--Under the sw.eet light of the full moon, the empress remounts her stairway of jade, all glim­ mering with dew. And the hem of her robe softly kisses the edge of every step --'the white satin and the jade resemble each other. The light of the moon has burst into the apartment of the empress; as she passes over the threshold she is all dazzled; for before the window, upon the curtain that is embroidered with crystal pearl, there seems to be a com­ pany of diamonds disputing for the light, and oil the floor of pale wood there seemeth to be a circle of banning stars. Characters Eternal.--Even while I make verses, I watch from my window the swa.t ing of the bamboos. I let char­ acters fail upon the white paper; afar of! one would fancy plum tree leaves were falling crosswise upon snow. The de­ lightful coolness of mandarin oranges passes away when a woman carries them too long in the gauze of her sleeve-- as a white frost vanishes in the sun; but the characters which I have let fall upon the paper will never become effaced. [Any one who has noticed the peculiarity of Chinese written characters will ap­ preciate the extremely poetical simile.] The Fan.--The young bride is sitting alone in the perfumed chamber, into which the husband entered for the first time only the evening before. In her hand she holds her fan, whereon these characters are written : " When the air is stifling, and the winds are still, I am beloved, and they beg the boon of re­ freshment from one. But when the Winds arise, and the air grows cold, I am disdained and forgotten." And while reading these characters the young woman dreams of her spouse and sad thoughts, like clouds, wrap themselves about her. " Now is the heart of my husband yonng and ardent; my husband comes to me that his heart may be re­ freshed. But when his heart shall have become chill and tranquil, will 1 not, peihaps, be disdained and forgotten ?" Queer Case of the Buck Ague. What old deer hunters call the " buok ague" will often affect a man rather curiously*. A gentleman of our acquaint­ ance was in the woods chopping, when a deer, not noticing him, came up quite close. The sight of the deer, " so near and yet so far," naturally excited our friend, and. mistaking his ax forjs gun he slammed it against his shoulf deliberate aim at the deer, ai away with. MB finger, vainly pull the trigger. But there off, except by the dest.--Jamet (V*.\ Herald. IdBBBAfilSM Is M THE FAULT DOCTOR. Fexjoms,--Beef marrow, bound on Mid renewed twice a day, is said to be the most effectual agent for the cure of thoss painful visitants, felons. OxtBomo RumrMAUBM.--An paper avers positively that eating onions, whether ecwk©fl or row,Jgive greast relief is chronic rheumatism. A remedy cer­ tainly worth a trial, REMRDT FOR lIiroouaH.--Dr. M. 8. Leslie, of Lexington, Kv., says that the best remedy in ordinary hiccoughs is about twenty-five grains of common ta­ ble salt placed in the mouth and swal­ lowed with a sip of water. IN acute sickness when milk sad beef- tea disagree, the French hospital* give a preparation called albumen .water, fnade by dissolving the' white of an ©gg in a pint of water wad adding glycerine to sweeten, and lemon juice to flavor, THH editor of the Medical Call says he lias often been called to children, in spasms or suffering from vomiting or di­ arrhea, the whole trouble feeing doe to nursing from the breast of a mother or that had had a '* fit of anger." Loss OF VOICE.--When the voice is lost, an is sometimes the ease from the effects of cold, a simple, pleasant reme­ dy is furnished by beating up the white of one egg adding to it the juice of one lemon, and sweetening with white sugar to taste. It has been known effectually to cure the ailment. FUBSH WORMS.--Black specks on the skin disfigure the face. Remove by thoroughly washing in tepid water, rub­ bing with a towel and applying with a soft flannel a lotion made'of three ounces of cologne and half an ounce of liquor of potash. Or press out by putting the hollow end of a watchkey over it. DR. KFLCH says iu the Louisville Medical Herald: "Many of the oom- mon forms of disease affecting theeye or its component parts are local manifesta­ tions of disordered nutrition, and it must not be forgotten that, as one of the component parts of the complete human organism, the eye derives its nutrition, as other organs, from a common source.' COBN EXTERMINATOR.--Take a lemon and roll it until it is soft, cut a thick slice and bind it on the corn on retiring at night. In the morning, if the corn is white and disintegrated, pull it out with gour finger nails--never cut a corn. ometimes several applications of the lemon slices will be necessary, but the corns are bound to succumb, and you cau dance the next night, if you like. After you remove the corns, wear shoes that fit, and are not toostiff in the soles. BOBACIC ACID AS AN ANTISEPTIC IN SKIN AFFECTIONS.--Dr. George Thin, of London, emphasizes strongly the advan­ tage of using some preparation of borao- io acid to overcome the offensive odor of the feet, and gives instances in which this treatment has been thoroughly suc­ cessful. In some cases he recommends the wearing of stockings and oork soles saturated with the acid. In others he prescribes an ointment, or rather a kind of glycerine cream, made as follows : A solution of boracie acid is incorporated with a fatty basis of white wax and al­ mond oil, which produce a soft, homo­ geneous mixture, free from the irritating crystalline plates of the crystal that a*» apt to separate from vaseline. He fiullv that this is also a very useful remediier agent for inflamed feet, as after lo^,r. walking tours, and in such eczemas are produced by the irritation of mnderclothing. *" Women's Masculine Idote Evety man who fills an effective lie position hits an especially good po rtunity of moralizing upon ferniui1 frivolity and frailness. A handsoi^V actof, a good looking popular preach't'ft- a charming singer, finds the women lit down before him much as the ladies J before the hero of Patience. As vt H. High Church young ladies delight ! standing up out of reverence to ve yomig curates when they enter t church, so there nre many women w would be charmed to go down on th^***1 kneA when one of the heroes of socidUie enters a drawing room". Good looks are not always necess iry, though as a rule women prefer their idols to be hand­ some. Excessive notoriety will do in­ stead. The men who, with no personal charms--with, as in some recent in­ stance, a positive unpleasantness about them--go through society worshiped and adored by the women, must indeed be inclined to adopt the true Guy Liv- ingstonian view of the other Bex. These ladies who sneak after the man of mush­ room notoriety, imploring him to come to their afternoons, begging him for his photograph or a copy of his poems, or an autograph letter, or a lock of bis hair --must appear to him very " poor litile beasts" indeed. But however he may despise them, he can, to a certain extout, understand their motives. They want other women to see him talking to them, to meet him at their houses, to be aware that he has written letters to them and given them his photograph. The idea these women entertain must be that they obtain a second-hand distinction by be­ ing associated in people's minds with the idol of the hour. Women have from all time regarded it as sufficient honor for themselves to be the favorites of great men. This is but a modern ren­ dering of the old story. They have made it the fashion to sit in adorning circles, around their hero, and gaze upon him with meek eyes of wonder, much as if he wfcre a Persian prince, and they his humble slaves. But there is none of the charm of danger in this, and perhaps not much excitement; for it is ail done in public, and has become a prominent feature in the programme of most drawing-room entertainments.--London World. : , She (greeted Her Former Husbsnd Cor- dially. Nineteen years ago the present wife of M. Muzzy, of ConnetBVille, Indiana, married John Robinett. Soon after they were married they became separated "a short time elapsed and she became the mother of a daughter. After two years, thinkiug her former husband dead, she married her present husband. Nothing was ever heard of her first husband until some time ago, when he returned and made himself known to the daughter, who was delighted to know her father, whom she had always* thought dead. She is married and the mother of two children. After the first surprise .they called on her mother, who greeted her former husband cordially, the whole re­ sulting in his spending several days as the guest of the house, enjoying their hospitality. Mr. Robinett has been a wanderer in the years that have inter­ vened.--Connersville litnea. Reporting Society News. There is often a pretense of disgust on the part of society people that publicity should be given their affairs, but this is .generally ail put on, and frequently the greater pains are taken to secure the coveted aewspaper notice. The descrip­ tion of a dress ot a bride who was mar­ ried in Grace Church not long ago ap- ' in a leading newspaper. The she revised the entire account of the wedding, as she happened to know a mm. on the paper who obtained for her the copy at an early hoar in the day. ITifrjimr. HMSJPMCKS. GOVEIIOR'S MESSAGE Following l« the fall test of Gov. CfaJJom ® at to both houses of the The drauAneiKM StmMiwta OM Very linaieg (traddlioc FWM *t XVla Life. \ [From the N«w York Tribune.] By some int-xplicable oversight the most remarkable speech at the Jackson banquet in Chicago was not included in the telegraphed reports. Whether jeal­ ousy or laok of appreciation was the cause of the omission, we are unable to decide. The speech was the first one of the evening, was on the comprehen­ sive and soul-Btfetfag subject, "Our Country," and w$s delivered by the Hon. Thos. A. Hendricks, of Indiana. The enemies of Mr. Jjeiwtricks are fond of saying that he has never been known in the course of his long public career to come out sguarely on any less than two sides of a great public question. They even go so far as to say that his oes in Congress are chiefly able for tha fact that his a committee of five enabled that mittee to accomplish the unprecedented feat of being equally divided. In de­ fence of these accusations his friends say that if they are true they only dem­ onstrate the -1 v' March 38: •tiven lou have i extraordinary < vide» that the hem the State • the year 1871. i I in apeelal 1. Oorooi on an constitution pro- ahaii appor- .' ' _ with Senatorial distrio based upon 'the population w .ascertained by " " This apportionment of aving been made by yon at your > in 1881, and the Congressional deepening of the canal, espe- rj point of view, at a utrong ad- w® should do all of the canal so aa to giv« a the waters of Lake to the cltv of Chi­ ton the dis- the State not ha mind; and that in one notable instance they are not true, for it is on record that Mr. Hendricks one© started an agricult­ ural fair by coming out boldly against hog cholera. In this dispute we do not propose to interfere. If we speak of Mr. Hendricks* remarks at Chicago as an able straddler, .we do so in no invidious sense. We merely wish to express our admiration for the" masterly manner in which he avoids collision with any of the many questions which are agitating and dividing the Democratic ranks. In the first place, his treatment of his subject showed unsuspected originality. It was undoubtedly expected that in speaking of "Our Country " at a Demo­ cratic banquet on Jackson's birthday some slight allusion would be made to Democratic men and measures, and that the usual modest statement would be made that but for the constant and watchful care of the Democratic party we should probably be without any country at all to-day. But Mr. Hen­ dricks rose superior to worn-out ideas like those. He spoke boldly of the " railroads, telegraphs and telephones " as undoubted elements of our country's greatness, and then startled the ban­ queters with the announcement that with their " permission and approval" he would take a journey upon one of the great lines of railroads from Boston to San Francisco. At this point several of the Jacksonites arose to bid him God-' speed, but sank suddenly back in their seats in confusion when they discovered that the journey was to be a flight of the imagination * only. Mr. Hen­ dricks started at otce, taking his audience with him. He pointed out to them all the cities aloig the route, ex­ plained the peculiar industries of each locality , the character of the soil, and the State titled under cided it to be my duty, ti ___ _ _ graph of the fifth article of the constitution, to convene you, and have named the subject* for the cou^l.leratiou of which you are convened. The work of apportionment is a plain con­ stitutional dntv. That instrument is ftill and explicit as to the manner in which the Sena­ torial apportionment shall be made. I am confident yon will strictly adhere, not only to the letter, but to the spirit of the constitution, in the discharge or this doty. The apportion­ ment of the State into Congressional" district* is required by the nation#.! constitution and law. The recent act, of Congress giwi Jltinoia twenty Oongres«ira»l rcpresantatiTea, a gain of °ne^over the present number. stated in our State constitution, requiring the formation of districts of contiguous and com- character" of his P*0' territory, and containing, newly aa poaat* tie, an equal number of inhabitant*, should bo observed oy you in making Congressional dis­ tricts. The subjects of Senatorial and Congressional apportionment having been before you during your last session, and doubtless having been mnch considered by you since, your adjourn­ ment, I trust you will not be long in coming to a determination aa to both, and in passing such bills in relation therato as your wisdom may dictate. ' CAXAL& I have asked you to provide for submitting oago, in that its effect baa Chicago river, and in a gnat aooroes of water mpi>ty of that gnat eiiy from of the great increase of population and'manu- facturee iu Chicago, the supply of water flow­ ing through the canal does not sufficiently di­ lute the sewage to make it innocuonn. and result ia * serious injury to the popnlom trieta which border on the canal In the com of Will, Grundy and La Salle. The evil oonie- of the insufficient supply of water felt in winter, and such have been made to me by .the authorities and citizen* of Joliet, Lockport and other towns that I have caiued investigation to be made by the Canal Commissioners and the State Board of Health, whoso reperts om these questions will be placed before, yon, with suggestions m to the best »na of remedying the evils complained, of. is represented to be perfectly f«wible to so Jtetw* the flow of water throngls. the present nsi as to make its bed and borders healthful and pure, Xtoe subject should receive TOW im­ mediate and careful consideration. There can be no discussion as to the duty of the State to see that it* own propertv is not maintained cr operated in such a condition as puts in peril the health and liwfl of it» citizens; and that such ia the ©resent condition, in winter at least, of the Illinois and Michigan canal seems to be clearly established." These evils hare not been aa serionsly felt the pest winter on aoconnt of the copious rains and the absence of ice, but any cold winter will bring them back if the cause is not removed. KivrsioN, I regard it as very important that you shall act favorably upon t he fourth subject named in my proclamation, and provide for the ap­ pointment of a commission to revise the crimi­ nal jurisprudence of our State, with authority to report their revision to the next General Assembly. Our criminal jurisprudence is cer­ tainly very defective. The protection and wel­ fare of society are the objects of criminal law. The law describes such acts as are believed to be injurious to society and of snfficient importance and forbids them, and enforces ita command® toy punishment. It protects the in­ nocent by punishing the guilty. The conduct 9S' ... from my own _ I am sure yon could not as ought tot* made wit mnch time. Mid it can be Wllvdone by a making the region and reportil^ Jawhote to the Ctau*al Assembly foTSSi? unonumn University. ' & The interest of the ia hereby of said Normal general election, the proposition for the trans­ fer of the Illinois and Michigan canal to the United States. I regard thie as a most import­ ant matter, and one in which the people of the whole country are interested. The "time has come, in my judgment, when it is clearly the part of statexmiMMhip to make this canal, now belonging to our State, a great water-way, tree to the commerce of the people of the nation, and adequate to its requirements. It should be made wide and deep enough to contain a volume of water flowing constantly from the lakes to the Miss­ issippi river of sufficient size to fully answer the demands of trade for years to come. In connection with this canal and the improve­ ment of the Illinois river, the proposed canal from Hennepin, on the Illinois river, to the Mississippi river, at or near liock Island, should be constructed of such capacity as wilt meet the needs of the commerce of the great lakes. The work is national in character and im­ portance, and should not be done by Illinois alone. While both canal* and the river are en­ tirely within the territorial limits of our com­ monwealth, yet the benefits to bo derived from their construction and improvement would be coextensive with the nation, North, South, East ami West. There seems to be no question, then, that it should l>e done by the National Government. The constitutional power to per­ form the work, I think, will scarcely be ques­ tioned. I feel sure that the time has come when the nation should not hesitate to nudertake those great public improvements. It was esti­ mated by the committee ©f the United States tienate, created in 1812 to investigate the sub­ ject of transportation routes to the seaboard, that the value of commodities moved by the railroads in the year 1872 was #10,000.000,000. The amount has doubtless been very largely in­ creased from year to year ever since. main over Sunday, starting for Da! Monday, if Providence permits. Mills has bt-en towiiildp collector the i>a*t two yeur*. and Is highly Fpecteri. Through the effort* nn Mr. Gee. Pratr. hl«frit»M«l*|»rei h**»*wtrtiT'si evidence of tlicit* good will. A England goes wlili Nr. Mills, ta cure ol the stock on the journey. C. Ii. Pratt has taken poM#K»I<H the Ktorf htUily occupied by Mr. Du He goes to Chicago to-n.orrow to good*. OWInjf to ba»l reads he |»l to wallt to Baarington. " 4., Frank Barker lias been away fr home for 11 few weeks oil a vjicati A1 lun-r Srmiijn * > i t t 1 * » -- \ y tm- *WmcWrr'nariu'uir of liia mind. From Jackson as a warrior he pamed easily to the Mississippi river, and de­ livered himself of a passage which we transcribe in full, as being by all odds the gem of this remarkable speech: "We stand be°i<le the Father of Wa­ ters. He rages, and his anger is fright­ ful. His'punishment of the people on the bovder is cruel and remorseless. He to a vote of the people of the State, at the next I thus punished ia classified and defined as crimes " - . | penalties axe imposed proportioned to I the nature of the offenses. To the definition of crimes in our Criminal Code there is to seri ­ ous objection. The complaint is more against this practice of the criminal law. While I would not favor any system of law or any practice that did not secure to persons charged with crime a fair and impartial trial, vet the State ia not called upon to guard with such a jealous eye the rights of the ac­ cused that the rights of law-abiding citizens and the peace of society are imperiled. By an examination of the criminal jurisprudence of many of the States of the Union, I find that there is a strong tendency to a i-impliflcation ot criminal pleadings. The technical character of indictments hsd tlieir origin, as Judge Look- wood well expressed it, inthi<sanguiniirv nature of the Engliwh laws and the unprotected condi­ tion of the prisoner. Advancing civilization has. however, been endeavoring for oenturies t® apportion punishment to crime according to its intrinsic atrocity and danger. I shall not at this time attempt to fully point out and discuss what I regard as defects in our criminal laws and practice, but content myself with a few instances and suggestions. The law in relation to changes of venue should be amended. Under the present law, in the trial of a criminal cause, on an application for a change of venue by the defendant, supported by the affidavit "of two reputable persons " of the county, alleging that the Judge is pre­ judiced and that, the aeaussd can not have a fair trial, the court must send tlie CM® to gome other county or Judge, I think the absurdity of such a law in apparent The Judge may lie entirely ignorant of the accused, or the crime 'alleged against him, yet be must grant the change on the allegation of prejudice, with 110 means or opportunity to investigate the character of the two citizens of the county, or to question the trnth of their affidavits. The )aw in relation to the •election and qualification of jurors should be amended. There is a be- liet that the technicalities of the law roh just­ ice, and that punishment does not follow crime with sufficient, certainty. Juries ought to be composed of intelligent and just tueii; anil how to secure them in all oases is a difficult prok» lew,, and the expzarienoe under our present law, inMMWWfefte governing their selection. In the seleotion of so important a tribunal all agree that great care Khoutd be taken, and their qualifications should be described by statute with particularity and clearness. Care should be token that no one Hot qualified should be selected. The very foundation principle of judicial ad­ ministration will be destroyed unless the jury- box can be protected from incompetent, and venal men. The law in relation to challenges % defendant, arraigned for any crime punish­ able by death or imprisonment in the peniten­ tiary, should be amended. So large a nunilx* nriated for the Univeraty. Since the adoption of the 1 mmkes it the duty of each General, provide for the expenses of all tha I tations, an appropriation of the i college and seminary fund has been madahi- niaUy. In 1873 and 1815 the whole fund wm given to the State Normal Universities. In 1877 and 187® it was divided between the Nomal Universities. At the session of 1881 bills were prepared in t-u ««iai fonn,making appropriation for the ordinary expense of each university, each bill containing an appropriation of one-half of the interest of the colleges and geminary fund with other amount* for the jmytn«*t of ordinary expenses. The appropriation for' the &>uthem Iliiaota Normal U Diversity paised as prepared in the matter of the approptiation of one-half of the interest of the coiloge and sem­ inary fund, but in the bill for the appropriation for the State Normel Uni vanity at Normal, the words " in addition, to the one-half of the interest of the college and seminary fund which is hereby appropriated" ware inadvertently dropped at some stage, and the bfli paaaea without the omission being noticed. I recommend that this error be remedied by proper legislation, anu that the one-half of the interest of the college and w-minary fund ha appropriated for the payment of the ordinary expenses of the State Normal University. It will be necessary for you to Btake aa ap­ propriation for the expenses of this oalled^M*- •ion. I am ccnfldent you will able at an early day to reach the remits in such enactments as you may deem it wise to make, which will serve the tmblio interest and do credit to our State. a M. Ctru<oH, Qevenife KnoBtni Omcx, March 23, lttai. Jt,* - FACTS FOR THE CURIOUS. h\~' For many years past the energies and enter­ prise of the people have been engaged in the construction, equipment mijtl operation el rail­ roads. until they have spent in their construc­ tion and equipment thoinands of millions of dollars, and have built in this country about 100,000 miles of road. The roads have been of vast benefit, and have given new life and moroy tg Uy PBCTPU* of yvfT part of the 1; we CoHIPVHVlHVwWili ftetsjadmitted, experienoe has " i proven that t&w must be controlled in their operation. Illinois is fully committed to the policy of ooHtrolling'tlie railroads, and the powers exercised by the Legislature have been confirmed by the courts. How­ ever much the public welfare has been served by what has been done in this direction, experience has also proven, I think, that one of the most .efllcient agencies of con­ trol is competition between the railroads and the lakes, rivers and canals. Such competi­ tion, if the water-ways of tho country were im­ proved as they should be and such canals were constructed as even the most superficial ob­ server must admit, upon au examination of the topography of the country, should be built would give great additional protection to all classes of business and labor. It is shown that transportation of freight by water is more than 60 per cent, cheaper than by rail, and the great saving to the producer and oonaumur of the grain of the States west of the Mississippi would in a brief time amount to more than the cost of the Hennepin canal, and of the en­ largement of the/Illinois and Michigan canal. nd adoption of such measures The advocacy in the interest of'uhe commerce of the country , - , , ,, . . , will bring peace, I contentment, happiness and has broken away from the restraints that ; prosperity, blavfery has been abolished, the held him in his channel. He baa driven | war for the integrity and perpetuity of the the people from their farms and seized Union is over, aild our nation is founded on a their IMMK What .geneie. shall be m- ! JS^gtgS. «S3®W!V» voked to control the turbulent waters / , people, and the plain duVf of the statesman is When' it was once my duty to speak and ! to go forward, audvdeabfatta new questions as vote on this question, I had difficulty in j they arise--work for the present and future satisfying myself of the authority of Congress to vote money to maintain the levees. It seemed it was not so much in aid of commerce as to defend and protect agriculture. But I came to the conclu- of the country, instead of dwelling upon the past. ̂ I believe the most important work of the present is the improvement of our river% lakes and canals, and the construction of such new canals as will unite the waters, and, whenever many millions of dollars and millions of acres of tho public domain in aid of the construction of railroads across the continent, and in diver­ sion that, as Jefferson had found author- | it caQ reasonably be done, shorten distances for ity in the constitution for the purchase j the tran.q>ortatibn of freights. of that country, I might feel authority I The Government in the past has contributed to vote for its preservation. The great interests of the country required it." There is no straddling about that. 1 ent portions of the undeveloped territory of the Possibly the fact that at that very mo- 1 United States. It should now direct ita ex- . .y /.rwn I penditnres to utilizing the waters of the coun- ment the Mississippi for 600 m les J try in the interest of ch>/ap transportation. The course had an average width of forty ' 0f ^ productions of America is in miles restrained him from attempting j the valley of the Mississippi. The cheapest to straddle it: but. whatever the cause, , means of getting these products to the best , . • u ' markets and to the people needing them should kt US give him credit for com g „ adopted. The farmer wants good prices for boldly against the ' turbulent waters.^ : what ho has tu sell, the laborer wants cheap He calls them " cruel and remorseless,' j food, and the {interest of both is that the and is eager to have them restrained at j moving of the food from the farmer to the oon- th« rmhlip o*r*>nsp That cets in a Be- j surner should be at the least possible cost. The the public expense, xnai gei» ui 1* oc , 1&r,or portlon of the population of America oc- vere blow at the nver, and records a , cupv the jjig(lj9gippj valley, and its productions first-class bid for the Southern vote at ; ftre' more than in proportion to its relative the same tioie, This is the boldest ef- , population. Chicago, the greatest grain and fort of his life since the hopr-choTera I live-stock center in the world, is advancing censure On leaving New Orleans he 1 with unprecedented strides. There should be censure, un leaving A«W O'ICBU tinkering policy advocated or permitted. passed directly to VV ashington and, ftt . ^jia^ever ^ of money necessarv to wt the ter a few guarded observations on the 1 demands of commerce "for a hundred years to dangers of centralization, he thanked \ come should be insisted upon by our people, the club for the cordial reception ex- j •»>Jv tended to him on " this brilliant and in- i 8^ glate in the immediate future will depend teresting occasion,' and sat down amid 1 oq the gtateMI1(ulf)hip in providing cheap cheers. It was a great speech. It took , transportation. We have the rich fielia, ttie \Jai the whole country, from Cape Cod to | grain, the beef, the pork, the food of all kinafl, lan Francisco, and it did not find any- j and, by the aid of J-P ^ thing like tariff, or free trade, or polyg- ; j^|n^mpriu aU tlie markets of Europe, amy, or politics of any kind, from one j D(jfore tlic National Government will exwend end to the other. It was the greatest : monoy in the enlargement of the Illinois straddle of the great American strad- i and Michigan canal it will t°„rf illor'a lif« ! State, its owner, a transfer of tne interest of aier s me. j the in tbe canal to the United States. I 51=8 I therefore respectfully request that you well en- How the Japanese ValBe Unman Life, j [Hiogo (Japan) News.] j the United States, subject to ^ vote of the peo- In our items from the native papers j Pj« ^rth^stiS will t>e found one which discloses what j „ajrtw that the proposition of transfer submit- appears to be an extraordinary miscar- \ ted should be specitlc, it seems to me that the riatre erf justice. For some time attempts | establishment of the conditions and terms of were made to overturn the train near I the transfer is a necessary edition' ' to the submission of the proposition and shonld Kioto, by placing large stones on the track. Every effort to detect the das­ tardly perpetrator--as it was evidently the work of a single individual--proved ineffectual, until at laat one night he was caught in flagrante derelicto, and marched off to jail. It will be noticed that sentence has now been passed upon a ruffian who more than once attempted the destruction of a train. be included in the same act which provides for j such submission. The improvement of the rivers which form j the western and southern boundaries of our State should receive national aid, and I believe will do so ; but I do not think it would be wise i or pertinent to connect that with the transfer i of the canai, or iuipot» upon the transfer any : eoniitions other than those which are immedi- | ately oonneoted with the property, which seems ; to ino to be, as already stated, the enlargement freight, sad the judge haa marked lik i the Dltoois aiid Michigan eanal and the im- e .. . ' •*?>. 1 • . ] provement of the Illinois elver. i 1 sliall dose this considerstiim of the eanal f § tieation by repeatiag^Ujportte of mtmm 01 the value of the crime by inflict- a fine of two yen and twenty-five of peremptory challenges aa is now allowed by law often reHiilte in excusing the best mew qual­ ified for service. The fact, too. that a person called as a jnror has an opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the accused should not dis­ qualify him to serve in the case, if such pep- son can state, on oath, that he will, if taken as a juror, decide the case 011 the evidence as given on the trial, ana Jwill impartially render a verdict in accordance with the law and suoh evidence so produced, and the court shall be satisfied of the truth of such statements. The law should also be amended so as to make the jury the judges of the facts only--the court the judge of the law. I think this is tbe law in nearly all the States of the Union. They do not favor intrusting the jury with the dec:sion of legal questions which, often perplex the ablest lawyers and Judges whose emue lives havo been given to the study of law. Iu Illinois the court must instruct ihe jurv as to the law applicable to the points in­ volved in the trial, bnt the Jury may utterly ignore the instructions when given, and decide the law for themselves. The constitution rests all judicial power in the courts, and I do not believe that the fram- ers of our constitution intended to place the decision of law questions in the hands of pep- sons who never read a law book. I believe that tbe Judge sbeuld be required to write his own instructions and give them to the jury bo- fore the argument to tho jury commences. If this were required, fewer instructions would be given, they would state the law more accurate­ ly and clearly, and would not be so likely to mislead as they too olten do. when drawn by the attorneys in the cause. If, however, the argument should suggest to the court cany new points on which the court might believe it necessary to give additional instructions, such additional instructions should be given after argument, I think the law should be amended so that in all criminal cases the jury should be required to simply find the accused' guilty or not guilty, and that the court, in case of conviction, should tlx the punishment nnder the statute, and that before sentence the State's Attorney be required to produce such evidence as he may have as to whether the de­ fendant has been convicted before, and as to his character, and that the defendant also have the right to produce any evidence on the same points; and that upon the verdict and upou such evidence, and the evidence produced on the trial, the court be required to Hx tht> pun­ ishment. In determining the degree of pun­ ishment the fact that the defendant bad t»-en convicted before, and his character, should be taken into consideration. The practice governing continuances In criminal cases should be changed. The in­ terests of society demand that crime shalf not only be punished certainly, but promptly. It is too easy to secure a continuance under the practice of the criminal law of this State. Un­ der the General Practice act applicable to civil causes, the party making application for a con­ tinuance shall state what he expects to prove by his absent witness, and the other side may. admit that such witness would testify as alleged in the aflidavit, and the admission shall have no greater force than if such witness were present and testiiied, leaving the other s'd J free to contro­ vert the statements contained in the affidavit, or impeach the witness the same as if he wore present in open court. Wnether the law should be the same in tbe trial of persons 'charged with crime, 1 am not sure, bat I ant unable to see why it should nut be. The defendant has no constitutional right to be confronted by his own witnesses. The Criminal Code of oar State lacks uni~ formity in tbe matter of penalties. It may be •aid to be old gsrssent, often not always well tactions to pro deem it necessary. J in relation to bribery, the a railroad, the false imprison tions of the Code & careful reading homogeneous, bat many «f vision* an other, and greatly neea a eareinl revision and amend meat. I think the lew to relation to the tmpoeition ef penalties, M a THK ancients believed that tha jgrax could see through stone walls. THIS tusks of a full-grown phant sometimes are ten feet long. 1' ' •!, IN Rome, bankrupts were condemned to wear in public black bonnets ol a ^ f sugar-loai form. - , ^ v IN an edition of Ptolemy's geography, • 1640, a double-tailed mermaid figures m oce of the plates. ;, . THB Hottentots say that if a lion, ia taking his prey, misses Ma leap, he will w ? not follow it any further; but, as though ^ he were ashamed, he turns round and |v • slowly, step by step, measures the ex- ^ 1 act length between the two points, as if w to find how much too sheet, or how' :^* much beyond the mark, he had made his leap. AMONG the latest uses to which dust has b^tar applied is the nre of car wheels. A writer states thai ̂ , sawdust car wheels, sawdust briok, saw-"3? dusr. fence posts, railroad ties, and evenly; sawdust window and door frames, cot,ing and molding, begin to appear among the possibilities of the immediate future. A ctTBiotni proof of the prevalence of f"i«; English language throughout th»f gwwe w m tbe» " Hewspaper and Bank Directory the' World," tiiut out of 31,274 newspapecs; and periodicals which were published? in 1880, no fewer than 16,500 were print-' ed in our own tongue. Nearly half the * remainder were iu German, a quarto J Jn French, and the greater bulk ©I rest in Spanish. Daily papers numbered- 4,020, and tbe gross circulation oi the whole periodical press is estimated at 10,592,000,000. 1 IK Switzerland, razors, pocket-knives, etc., made from English cast steel are tempered by immersing the blades at? a dark cherry red into a bath composed of four parts of liiiely-powdered yellow; resin, two parts of fish oil, to which is I added, in a very hot state, one part of i melted tallow, and allowing them to i cool perfectly; after which they are i heated without wiping them, and hard­ ened in water in the ordinary way. Hie s blades hardened by this process found to be more uniformly tempered ! than by any other, making it possible to produce an exceedingly-fine cutting; edge. THEBI died in England not long RINES a madman, in whose body was found twenty buckles, fourteen pieces of glass, .ten pebbles, three knotted strings, a piece of leather, a fish-hook, a pin, nine copper buttons and 1,782 nails and tacks. A French convict carried around ia his stomach fifty-two objects, including sev­ eral knives and a piece of hoop-iron four inches long. A sailor died in a London hospital a few years ago who, when he was drunk, swallowed pen­ knives and and clasp-knives by the half- dozen. In Boston, ia 1805, he swal­ lowed four in one evening, and next morning, encouraged by the notoriety, swallowed eight more. He was finally seized with vomiting, and was only re­ lieved by heroic measures, but his stom­ ach was ruined. But the nest Decem­ ber, being again drunk, he swallowed nine clasp-knives, and was several months in getting rid of them. He did not, in fact, get rid of all of thetn, und died of slow emaciation four jean afte** ward. •idnlght Sua. The days and nights are eqaal all over the world on the 22<! of March and Sfid of September, the vernal and autumnal equinoxes. Take a point on the Arctic circle, Greenland, for instance, which is just within. At the vernal equinox the days and nights will there be twelve hours long; but as we approach the sum­ mer solstice, reached June 21, Iteitig the farthest point from the equator reached by the sun, the whole Arctic circle will come more and more into the light, on account of the inclination of the ask. "When we are at the solstice we cannot get-iout of the light, and see the sun, which never sets, due north. Passing the solstice we approach the autumnal equinox, where the days and nights are each twelve hours long. To sJtaw van where the midnight sun oceans we will state that at latitude 66' degrt>e, 32 tain- u t < 6 B I x o x x i t t i # ^ 1 1 1 n W t i i i © l i l i e s ! t o lp twenty-four toon k»rg: at 67 degrees, 23 minutes they are one month long, in­ creasing until at 90 cleg tees, or the pole, they are six months in leugth. Tuecolor of the sun, on acoouni of i«s wiu£. <*> near the horizon, is redder than generally with as, but probably not mors so than l i t is A SCIB.VTIST says- ! ways saying i 0 • Oia gsrsssnt, sues »T!« ill done. I might give many iltuo- i>ve this statement, but 1 do not sary. An examination of tho law britery, the crime ot obetrooting ..€ sevemi Motions in relation to rament mi Judwpptag, the aeo- ode in relation to lateen?,. aQ opoa ? . Jr '*2: Ixxij to make 40,000 match--. - town "wist ̂ with «|aa ŵ 0 n̂aw how hard it is to make * match of two people wiA begin to . their faith in seM»twl«,-~MESBt *