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fPewg fflaiuftealc* f I. VAN SLYKK, Mtor and PvMUMr. IT, ILLINOIS. t. HORR, ^ xbJ'fy II i. ^ [Able Speech by the Xichigan Congressman. [ging Declaration of the. Prin­ ciples of the Repuh|. ^ lioan Party. I J £ J iioftting the Wisdom of the Hirer and Harbor Bill. Shameless Frudi PnetiMi In t̂oatlen Elections. jm. R Q. Horr, Congressman frotn" the }th district of Michigan, was renominated clamation by the Republican Conventios jh met ai Baginaw on the rain of August* Horr opened the campaign before the ting convention with a ringing speech, lion of which we print below: THB BIVJSB AND HARBOR BOA. at is a question that the public mind is a I deal excited about. It is a question that * * be discussed for two hours in order to i a proper understanding of it. Let me say 9 outset; howwer, that I intend to take but ' momenta in what I shall say in reference i bill. If there la any bill in Congress that the relation of & child to me it is the ' and Harbor bill. I believe I know its " xns, and I believe that I can demonstrate [business point of view, a political point of and a. patriotic point of view that it is as ' a bill a« was passed by the last Congress tie United States. I know it is largo, but ave a large country, an increasing country. I people who find fault with this bill do not i into account how fast our country is grow- I do not mean by that that we are getting | more territory from year to year, but I do i that we are opening mp new oountry and oving using the land which we already me for a moment show you how this ex- ion has progressed. Take the postoffloea I postroaas of this country, beoause they, | the riven and harbors, extend all over the on. ; In 1790 there were only-seventy-five 5cee in the entire United States, not half many , M 1 have had to fight in my district alone. In 1881 i were 14, SIX In 179!) we had only 1,875 j of poHfroads in the United States; in 1881 ladcver 344,000 miles of poetroads. It ^ iO 1790, to run the postomoes in thia »try, $82,140 ; last year it. oost §89,351,78ft. ith our rivers and harbors. We are con* .ly developing new country. Why! the It does not seem to understand that there is | little country but what lies east of the Alle- ny mountains; whereas, you take the map fhe United States and three or four busy i would blot that Eaatern oountry out in Iminntos e great bulk of the country of the United lies west of the Alleghany mountains south, and we are constantly opening up new country. Take bur own State as an itration, because we know what vre are talk- about around home here. Thirty years if anybody had spoken about improving harbor at Au Sable it would have been idered ridiculous, and yet to-day Am Sable ppiug more tonnage than the entire Con- itiout river, on which the Government has mded half a million of dollars. The same may be said of Alpena. Think for a mo- I like our President, and I say to you have a good President, but men sometimes :e mistakes. Fools never do. Our Presi- made a mistake in vetoing the River and bor bill, I think. Ho did not think so, but ,y I think he made this one mistake. He the very old Democratic notion into his but it is not a Democratic notion any ;er. because the majority of Democrats do believe in it--that a stream must not be roved unless it runs through two or more s. The fact is, the Supreme Court of this itry has decided this question as to when a may be improved under our constitu- and they that say that it simply depends n whether it is navigable or not; that is - only question. The State surrendered up tho General Government all control over eree. Is that not true? You cannot Ige the Saginaw river without you get par- ion from Congress, because it is a naviga- stream. State courts cannot as'ume juris- Ition over any vessel on that rivor as your el men will "tell you. You must go to the ited States court because the commerce of country is controlled by the General Gov- ent * So the harbors must be improved, proved at all, by the General Government, since there nave been appropriations le money has been paid for the improve- it of rivers that only run in one State, ion the earliest appropriations was one for Hudson river, in the State of New York, e constitution was hardly cold when the it Biver and Harbor bill was passed and that iluded the Delaware river as one of the ams that should be improved. There baa •er been an appropriation bill from the foun- ion)of the Government down to this that has .d any attention whatever to State. lines, is as it should be. The question of what .vigable river is in one State or another has hing to do with the improvement of it. The ly question is, is it in the United States of erica? If it is, the Government should take of it and give it suoh improvement as it B. HOW THE BILL WAS PREPARED. et me tell you how carefully we prepared this , and then* you will see whether the oriti- ims which are indulged in by the press all |er the country are just Our commutoe is posed of fif teen men. There is not a single m in the 351 in that bill--perhaps there are ire than that now in it, because I give tha iber as it was when the bill left the House here is not a single item in that entire bill h that committee did not consider careful- and in reference to which we did not take reports of tha engineers and read them Wcally, first, as; to what the improvement ; second, as to the amount of commerce it floated over the stream or into tho harbor; , as to all the information that we could it from the papers that were filed outside the engineers' reports. For instance, • reference to our home river, the «in&w, the Board of Trade sent an aborate statement showing the commerce this river, the mills upon its banks, etc. wry one of those items were carefully exam- ed "by that committee and we struck out every le of" them that did not seem to present good asons for being improved, and that did not ive oommerce enough to entitle it to the con­ tention of the nation. Don't understand e th*t every item in that bill met my approval, lere were "many in it that I voted against, lere were many items in it that I voted for, hioh others voted against. If you will think it a moment you will see that such would toeasarily be the case. The majority of theee en had determined what should go into the n, how much money each item should receive, la in nr» instance is t'iere a dollar (?IVOB on a ngleitem in excess of what the engine-rha* said as needed to complete the work or carry on the ork for this year, and only in a few instances is the full amount asked for beon given. In le bulk of cases they obtained 35 per cetit. »ly of what the engineers recommended. In ir Saginaw river we only got 30 per cent. Bat t mo say, fellow citizens, that in that entire st there is not a single instance where we have ot the approval of the engineers of the United tates. who have examined the work. More tan that, when there was any donbt the mem- ST of Congress who lives right about the work ad knows all about it was called in. But I ill say that as a rule he was generally in favor f "the old flag and an appropriation." There no donbt about that usually. NO STEAL OB JOB IS TH* BILL. How they cal' it a steal and a job, and vet tare is not a possibility of a steal in & ft fc le only bill among the general appropriations iat von cannot get a steal into. Now why is lis so? Not & dollar of this money goes ont f the treasury except offla work is dosii-. for it. 'o hear these editors and these cheap men who 0 blowing about this River and Harbor bill, to sten to them you would think the bulk of this tonev went right into the pockets of us fellows ho drafted the bill. There is not a man of as ho can get a dollar of it The people on this iver cannot one of them get a dollar of it until b.ey earn it They must go and do the work. It 1 riot possible to get a dollar out of the treasury nder that bill except what goes for labor and laterial. Now where is your chance for a »b? You cannot put up a job in it, YOB lay improve a stream that you ought not to Bprove, but the Congressman will not get any f the money if you do. The people who do the rork will get the money and you will get simply a certain amount of money for a certain ^nonnt of work that perhaps ought not to be done. There wont anybody pocket any of this money unless it Is earned. Bis not possible to "-et a dollar ef tlds money except by work. Now I wish to say a few words to you in reference to the manner <n which the press of thisoountey have treated this bill. AH ATFTKAL TO THK It Is a very easy matter to dmonnoe any vaUie measure as a "job" or a "steal," but it w quite another matter to make vour proof, to point out the job, to put your" finger on the thief. It is an easy matter for George William Curtis to sit in the editorial chair of Harper'* Weekly and denounce the River and Harbor bill as a log-rolling job and each man who voted for it as a thief and a scoundi el, when at the same time he knows absolutely nothing of the real provisions of the bill, when he has nev**r ex­ amined a Pintle report of the engineers in •barge of these works and is wholly ignorant of tho proof upon which a single item is based. This kind of wholesale aspei;iDn of other men's motives is cheap. I select Mr. Curtis in this «ase, not because he is better than other men, but because he thinks himself so much purer and better than the average of mortals. And I dee ire here and now to give him full credit for all that exalted purity and patriotism which he SO constantly claims is ever present with him. How would Mr. Curtis think if he had been "P treated? Suppose I had risen in mv seat in the American Congress and stated that he, Mr. . Cortis, had turned ont to be a scoundrel, that in his management of the paper he had repeat­ edly sold himself for money, that he was a blackmailer and had been guilty of advocating measures in the columns of his ps-per simply for gain. The first thing you would ask for would be proof, would it not? You would say •ueh charges are unmanly unless yon know what you are talking about and you would be right Still that is exactly the manner in which Mr. Curtis has treated 200 members of Con­ gress, all of whom are his equals in integrity, and many of them his peers in intelligence and cultnro. Now I say the editors, of the country who have imitated Mr. Curtis in this respect are to blame for such treatment of this bill. The members of the Committees on Commerce in the House and Senate are not all thieves and robbers--neither are the two-thirds in both houses who voted to pass the bill over the veto of the President all scoundrels. If you will scan the vote carefully you will find twice as many good men voting for as against the bill, and several of the best who voted against the bill on its final passage over the veto voted for it when it first passed the House, notably Mr. Hiscook of New York and Mr. Reed of Maine. This simply shows that their objection to the bill was in the amendment put on it by the Senate and not on aooount of the work so much complained of by the press of the country. All I ask of the press ef the country is before they denounce over two-thirds of the members of both branches of the American Congress, as they have been doing, to examine more carefully into the proofs upon which these men acted and thus enable them- selves vo speak more intelligently upon these vast improvements. OPPOSITION TO THK WTT.T^ I know they tell us that the way we gel up this bill is to sit down and look over the coun­ try &nd see how many harbors we can find how manv Congressmen have got harbors or rivers in their districts, and then give enough to these harbors to catch Congressmen enough to secure the passage of the bill, and then put up a job and rush it through. That is the com­ mon idea about it Now, what is the fact? The fact is, it is prepared just like every other bill. Several gentlemen who voted against the bill had large appropriations for their district!!, Abram 8. Hewitt, of New York, the leader of the Democratic side of the House, came before our committee and represented to us that Hell- gate needed I150,000 or ipl.00,000 immediately for present use. You know that they are im­ proving that by blasting under the water. They ran out of funds and wore going to lose their entire year's work unless they could get a large sum for (ise immediately. So our com­ mittee reported the fact to Congress and asked them to give it They did so. Then when the bill was prepared he came to us and said, " We must have $200,- 000 more." We gave him that And vet he voted against the bill, fought it tooth and nail and did everything he oould to beat us from that time out He had a right to do this. After all many of the men in that House who voted for this bill were members whose dis­ tricts did not get a dollar. It is true that the balk of them did, but some of them did not, Now, there was not a man in that House constituents did not get some money appropri­ ated in the Poetoftice bill. If we ooula <f bill and leave some fellow's district out in ap- Epriating the money for postoffioes, not leav-anything for the mail carrying and the er postoffioe work in his district, I don't think he would vote for such a Postoffioe bill. Yet that is what thoy claim aboat this bill Hie fact is, this bill is prepared, as nearly as we can prepare it, for the purpose of improving the streams that ought to be improved, ana the fact that they are scattered all over the United States only shows that in our work we careful­ ly saw that every part of the oountry got its just amonnt TOT IMPHOVKXKXTS IK TEXAS. Now they talk about Texas getting so much-- 1880,000. Have you ever examined to find whether that is too much? It is a mooted question whether we can improve the harbors oa that Gulf of Mexico. The treacherous sands of those shores are but little known, and it is a question whether we can control them. It ic still an experiment, but is not an experiment worth trying ? The harbors of Texas are now being reached by railroads ooming from the Pacific slope, bringing wheat and grain from California and Oregon. This joins the sea­ board at Galveston, at Sabine Pass and other places, and they now need facili­ ties for getting into the markets of the world. Before you condemn this bill stop a minute and think what kind of a oountry Texas is that we are providing harbor. Michi­ gan has 59,000 square miles of territory. Texas has 266,000 square miles, four and a half times as much as Michigan. Do you know that you could put every human being in the United States into the State of Texas to-day, and then it would be little thicker populated than Franoe. Just think of it for & moment. Illinois, Iowa, Indiana and Michigan have just the same amount of territory that Franoe has. Yet yon have in these four States only About 8,000,000 people, while France has 37,000,000 of people. I tell you this to show yon the possibilities of this country in the future. waft DOE3 THIS SIYBB AND HABBOB BILL DO? It gives employment, to 125,000 men. It keeps them in employment over eight months in the year. It opens up the broad waterways of the country and furnishes cheap transpor­ tation for the future for the food and fuel of the people. Look at the Ohio river. Some people teli us that because a river sometimes runs dry you should not improve it Four months in the year, usually, the Ohio rivor can be waded. And yet the Ohio river floated more tons of ccmmerco last year than went in and out of the great city of Chicago. The coal that floats down that river affects tho people below millions of dollar* every year. When in tho con­ struction of the Davis Island dam at thb head of that river we obstructed it for a few months so that they could not get their coal out it raised the price of coal from there to New Or­ leans over $1 a tou, and cost the people of that valley more money than has ever beon spout on the Ohio river since wo commenced improv­ ing it Now all I say, feDow-oitizens, is that before we condemn s&eh a bill we should examine it I am not finding fault with the President for vetoing it They made him believe he ou^ht to do it He did it, I have no doubt conscien­ tiously. We passed it over his veto just as con- scientioosly. Our duty was, If we believed the bill to be right, to vote for it Many of the members cf Congress believed it wan right and voted for it The President did his duty and we did oars. We will both be happy. • • * * • • THK SOUTHERN KLECTIOKS. I come now to the question of Southern elec­ tions, and I will be brief, although tlK-re »re some very interesting maneuvers that I w*nt to talk to you about on that subjeot We turned out of the present Congress five men from Southern States, simply and solely on the ground that they wore not elected; nothing else, except that the people wlft> voted elected somebody elne. That is the only ground. We supposed it was sufficient THE CHALMERS FKAtTD. 1 first call your attention to the Lynch vs. Chalmers case in Mississippi. The Inspectors of Election in that district returned for Mr. Lynch 10,915 votes : for Mr. Chalmers 10.257 votes, giving Mr. Lvnch a majority of 6581 Mark you, that was the return made by Demo­ crats who had control of the voting precincts in the State of Mississippi. When the State Commissioners came to make their return, they returned for Mr. Lynch 5.522 and 9.122 for Chalmers, electing Chalmers by 4,437 majority, whereas Sir. Lynch was actually elected by 658 n-ajoritv. How did they do it? It will take but a "moment to show you. I show yon here samples of the two tickets. One has a little dash with an ,-o" in the center of it Now these State officers threw out all those votes because they said that dash is a distin­ guishing mark. The State laws of Mississippi declare that there shall not be any figure, mark or device on a ticket for the purpose of distin­ guishing it. That was intended to stop putting au eagie or such like device upon a ticket The law in a good many States is the sains way. The canvassers declared that that print- era dash constituted a distinguishing mark, and they threw out over 4,000 votes on that ao- Then they got together a Snpreme Ccrart in Mississippi who were idiotic enough to hold that that is a distinguishing mark. The Republican member* of Congress were simplv smart enough to hold that it is not That is all °* that ease, yet with suoh a fraod M that staring them in the faee almost every Dem­ ocrat in Congress voted to retain Mr. Chalmers in hie seat THK ALABAXA 8WTNDLK. Bat it is worse and worse as we go along. In Alabama there was a Greenbacker named Iowe who was elected. But before the election took place they issued a peculiar circular to the citizens of that district The circular was this: " Make at once a complste list of the quati- fied negTo voters in your precinct, in which shall be set down: l. The name and address of each voter. 2. With whom he works, and whether as a hired hand or tenant 3. What merohant or other person advances for him. " " '• deemed preferable that this onnma be made by regularly-appointed census •takers 0* committees, and that the negro voter should know that he is thus enrolled by the club, " As soon as these lists are completed each dub will promptly forward a oopy to the county Chairman to the end that all may be collated and printed." 8. There are a nunraek of negroea who wQl not vote for us, but who Will ni oiiiln to stay away from the polls. To look after these and see that they adhere to their promise enroll the young men of the precinct under the voting age before the day of election iuid assign each one to nepro, ' ini s was the iniw You know vos dtnnot --^ the poor negro to vote the Democratic tioaet You can hang him, you can drive him into the awamp, you can torture him, you can do almost anything, still he won't vote tho Democratic ticket But you may persuade him with fear hanging over him to stay away from the polls. Then by putting a little scion of chivalry under twenty-one in charge of each negro vou have the system complete. Thev went into that election, Mr. Lowe, of Alabama, got 13,466 ballots. Mr. Wheeler got 12,609, leaving a square majority for Lowe of 848. But a few days before election they sent out a little joker which I will read to you : "DHAR SIB : As soon as the polls are closed inform the inspectors of the election the Lowe tickets with Hancock electors on them are illegal. They contain the figures 1st, 2d, etc., designating the district These are marks or figures which are prohibited bv the election laws ; see acts of 1878-9, page 72, and all such tickets should be rejected when the votes are counted after the polls are closed." They indorsed this on the back: "Tobe shown only to very discreet friends." Then they went to work on this basis. Their tickets read instead of first, 1st; instead of second, they put the figure 2. Tnat is all there is on the tickets right down to the eighth, different from the Democratic ticket The Democratic ticket had the figures 47 and several other numerals on it but they did not hurt the Dem­ ocratic ticket, only tne Greenback ticket. This is the fact about this figure business. This is the first time I ever knew a Greenbacker to be disturbed by figures. They put Lowe out on that ground. The Republican portion of that Congress declared that he was actually olested and although, as I stated on the floor of the House, he added to the sine of s Democrat the folly of a Greenbacker, still every one of us voted to give Mm his seat simply because he was elected. The Democratic party filibus­ tered for eight days and then aid not one of them vote, in order to sustain that kind of iniquity. nu XACZZT-DIBBLK out I now eoms to the Mackey-Dibble contest in the State of South Carolina. Now there were in the precinct, at Hope engine house 1,218 votes cast When they came to coral; the bal­ lots they found in the box 2,289 votes. They also found that 1,683 of them were Democratic votes; that is, there were 465 more Democratic votes found in the ballot-box thau all the votes cast at that election. They kept a tolly, the Republican ticket could be easily distinguished, and whenever a darky came up to vote, or when a white man came, they kept a tally, and they found that there were oast that day, 597 Republican votes, and 617 Democratic votes. Yet when they oponed the ballot-box there were 2,289 votes in it You will notioe that this Democratic ballot which I show yon is a little tissue-paper affair. There are two Democratic tiokets. In print they are precisely the same, but one of them is wider than the other. The way they got those in there was that they folded the wider ballot and put the smaller ticket right in the last fold of the wider ticket, Tbeu when the ticket was dropped in, instead of one there would be two and sometimes as high as seven that dropped out of the fold in the box. Now, by the law of South Carolina, in casas of thia kind where there is an excess in the number of ballots, they blindfold a man who draws ont tickets until they get the number down jo it will correspond with the poll list Then they count the votes, and everything is fair and square, don't vou soe. How was it in thii case? Ttiey put a Democrat under oath as a witness in this case, who swore that he drew out the voles, and he said he could tell the difference between thorn by feeling as easy as he conld between a piece of cast iron and a sheet of paivr. tVhen he got through he had taken out every Republican vote but five. And he said that he hunted around for the d --d' five but did not happen to get his fingor on them. Now they returned tnat poll list when they got through as having 1,200 Democratic votes and five Republican votes. How is that for a fair count? At Hant Gap precinct the vote was Mackey 1.037, and O'Connor, a Democrat' 45. They took the ballot l*>x and sent it up to the State canvassers, who opened it to recount the bal­ lots. When they opened the box it turned out by some hook or crook that there wereonly nine­ teen Republican votes left, and that there were 1,021 Democratic votes. They changed there some way. Mow they went before that board of Democrats in South Carolina and presented such proof that they turned around and gave certificates to the county officers according to the ballot actually cast, but they that they had no right to correct a mistake for Congress, so they sent the Democrat up there on that kind of returns when he had stolen the 1,052 votes cast by the Republicans, and out of his own forty-sis he had only given the Republicans nineteen votes. In the case of Mackey and Dibble, the Democrats filibustered again on such a fraud as that. Their own men had returned Mr. Maekey as elected by 370 votes, yet by throwing oat eleven precincts in that district, they sucoeeded in doing what they did. Some of them they threw out on the ground that the negroes intimidated the white Democrats eo that they could not go te tbe polls. In another district iu South Carolina they put in tissue ballots headed Republican ticket for President, Garfield; for Vioe Presi­ dent, Arthur. Then there is not another name on the ticket of any one running for office ex­ cept member of Congress. Every one of those that was left in a box simply counted one for the Democratic member of Congress and counted Homing for anything else. What does all this mean? It means simply this, that there is a determined effort down there to disfranchise the colored people of the South. First they tried to it by bludgeons, shot gune and Xuklux Kians. Failing in that, and getting too many of them into tho peniten­ tiary, they adopted this trick of tissue ballots and false returns, and now in order to get the thing sure thoy have struck another plan. THE SOUTH CiBOLINA GERRYMANDER. Here is a mi*p which 1 will show you and whiefc they were so mad about- when I exhibited it to them at. Washington on tha floor of the House. [Mr. Horr here showed a large map of the Congressional districts in South Carolina. Mr. Horr pointed out the peculiarities of the noted Seventh district Continuing, h* said :] Did anybody ever see such a picture as that for a Congressional district? It would take a crooked man, would it not, to represent suoh a district as that? Look at this t^eventh district Here into these little gr>p.Tj« and n<vks and corners th«y have put the to»m ' comprising as nearly as possible every n»»r-o in the district. They formed a district of 1»7,- 000 people that had a majority of 25,000 negro voters in it In that way they could get rid of the negroes instead of giving them a chance to try and carry the districts. They simply carry out thia diabolical plan of preventing tho ne­ groes of the South from having any voice in the affaire of this nation. That is what 1 pro­ tested against, and I told them that I would exhibit that map as a stump speech throughout the North wherever I went I am now keeping mv pledge. • • * ..... * * A DEED OF JUSTICE TO SOLDIEB8. There is one little bill that was passed that I want to call your attention to. That was a good measure to pass, it seems to me. We nave scattered all over this country a few sol­ diers who, at least some of them, served through the entire war. When the war closed they undertook to send these boys out on the prairies to fight the Indians. Many of them felt that they had served their country well and that they did not deserve treatment of this kind. They thought their enlistment ended with the war, and the war had ended. They protested against being sent away into further servioe after four years of service. They claimed that they had fought until the olose of the war, and they thought they ought not to be compelled to stay longer. But they undertook to send them away, and those poor follows who had been away from home for four years, huudiwds, and I believe per­ haps over a thooaand of than in the whole United States, lit ont for home. They were marked aa deserters^ and none of them to this day have ever been able to get their back pav or bounty, or anything of thai land. Many of • them had served faithfully and well at the (font. Many of them carry with them to-day r»bel bullets. We passed a bill at the very last stages of Congress which wiped out the word 41 deserter" from tho lint allowing theee boys to again stand up in the glory o' their man­ hood ax American soldiers. Some of us thought that, while we were pardoning rebels and per­ mitting our Congress to be filled up with men who tried to destroy this nation, it was no more than right that those boys who had fought those long years for the old flag should be for- given tho little matter of trying to get home to their wives and children, even a little before they got their discharge papers. TH* REDUCTION OF TAVATTOW. But, fellow citizens, there was one other bill which we tried to pass. It passed the House, but never got through the Senate. This was the bill for the reduction of taxation. The Re- Eublican members of the Home and a few >emocrat« joined with them and voted to take the tax off from matches, to take the tax off bank checks and bank deposits, to take it off from everything that in any way cripplfed the business or the industries of our people. Teat bill went over to the Senate and failed to be­ come a law. We do not need this tax any longer. Our national banks now get only 3 per cent on their EX'!!'.?!* »r»(i T MV *nn fftlJo* that hill was just What defeated it? Simply the Democrats of the Senate who loaded it down with their free-trade notions. Ooe of the laxt things that was done in tb<» Senate was the attempt of Mr. Vest, of Missouri, to put salt in the free list in a " rider." If there is anything that a Missouri man is frantic about it is the question of salt Although to-day it is the caeapest article sold in this country, and brings lees money for the amount of mnscle and power that goes into the produc­ tion of it It has beeu cheapened beyond all calculation by being mannractured here at home in our own valley, still they tried to put it on the free list They tried to pat copper on that list. Thev tried to pat eveiything on the list until finally we were compelled to adjourn. Although the Republicans, or % majority of them, voted against adjournment, we were com­ pelled to adjourn without passing the biU. The toll ought to have been passed. It was a wise measure, but its temporary failure will" not be vwy onerous te tho peoph*, and they will not feel it in any mmm. his firm in Boston that he had trouble with his wife and did not care to travel any more. At this turn in the case Inspector Hanscomb, of Boston, was employed in the case. He learned from the Boston firm that Welch, accord­ ing to the route he had given them,should have been in Milwaukee on his way to St. Pattl on the day when the robbery occurred in Kewanee. The detectives in St. Paul and Milwaukee were com- small hole indicated the track of the ball. One of the eyes was forced for­ ward and disfigured her face, and the bullet was imbedded in her brain. She lay in her tracks as she fell, pale aa marble, Mid her features wearing a stern look. i For six months past Stratton and his wife had been quarreling. Mrs. Strat­ ton accused her husband of infidelity and drunkenness. He answered in kind. ILLINOIS AFFAIRSri THB CHHBP COWSPIRATOB TW TBM_KEWAW*K BANK ROBBERY RUN DOWN--HBT'DRSS OUT TO BK A CHICAGO DBUMWESR AND A NOVICE IN THAT LINE--AN HONEST FARMER AND A BE­ WITCHING KITCHEN-MAID OONDUCI TO UX- RAVKL THE MYSTERY. [From the Chicago Times.] The man who planned the robbery taf the First National Bank at Kewanee on the 14th of this month, and with one confederate executed the same, was ar­ rested yesterday morning in McDon- ough, Chenango county, N Y., by Rob­ ert A. Pinkerton, of the Pinkerton Agency in New York. His name is Ed­ ward M. Welch, formerly a Chicago drummer for McNabb & Co., fish and commission merchants on South Water street; also for Welch, Alexander & Co., on .the same street, of which firm he was a member, antl at the time of his diversion from the fish trade he was traveling in the West for Potter & Writhington, wholesale fish-dealers in Boston. The case was worked by the Pinker­ ton Agency in Chicago, aided by In­ spector of Detectives Q. M. Hanscom. of Boston, and Mayor Hitchcock, of Peoria, 111. The bank was robbed at 6 o'clock on the evening of the 14th. About 3 o'clock in the afternoon two men called at the bank and asked Mr. Pratt, assistant cashier, if they could leaj^b a valise there. Permission was giveniw Betweeq 5 and 6 o'clock Mr. Pratt ana Miss Pal­ mer were making up tkeir cash, prepar­ atory to closing the vault. A man rapped at the door; it was opened and two men. one of them very tall, came in for the valise. The tall man grabbed Miss Palmer by the neck and hit her between the eyes, knocking her down. The other man, Welch, gagged Mr. Pratt, knocked him down, forced him in the vault, where Miss Palmer was placed, and betwe n $19,000 and $20,000 in money was taken out. The assistant cashier and Miss Palmer were left locked up in the vault for one hour. She un­ tied his hands and he took a paper­ weight and loosened the screws of the combination; he then removed them with a dime and thus secured their re­ lease, when they gave the alarm. After the robbery had been commit­ ted, a number of citizens in Kewanee remembered' that they had seen two men walking on the railroad track, go­ ing in the direction of Neponset, carry­ ing a valise between them which seemed to be heavily laden. On the day af­ ter the Chicago agency of Pinkerton was telegraphed to for assistance, and at 10:30 o'clock that morning operatives were sent down to get every available pointer. A man named Burt, who was building a house in Neponset, came to this city and gave the first pointer. On the morning of the day of the robbery* he saw Welch in Neponset and spoke to him. He knew him well, having bought fish of him in other, days. The same afternoon Burt went down to Kewanee and met Welch again. Hi's attention was directed to him, inasmuch as Welch's appearance was changed. In the morning when he met himWelch had on a fashionable suit and green col­ ored cutaway coat. In Kewanee he had on a long linen duster. He remembered that Welch had been sittmg across the street from the bank, apparently watch­ ing it, in company with a strange man. When Burt heard of the robbery he re­ called these incidents. When he heard Mr. Pratt give a description of the man who had left the valise in the bank, he remembered that the deseription an­ swered that of Welch. With this pointer the Chicago agency learned that Welch was a traveling man out of Chicago on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroad, his territory extending west­ ward to the Missouri river. A number of traveling men in the city knew him; several of the conductors knew him. Some of these, when questioned, remem­ bered that he had been seen on the train on the morning of the robbery, and that he appeared sullen, which was not his nature. They remembered that he left the train rather abruptly when it arrived at Neponset. William Arthur, another traveling man on South Water street, saw him on the trai%,»nd spoke to him that day. A number tffcitizens of Ne­ ponset gave the information that he had been there that day and endeavored to hire a horse and buggy, but the livery­ men in town refused him, as he had no money. All these pointers seem to name Welch audibly. It was found that he liadv married an estimable lady in Peoria, and that she was at the house of her brother, Mr. Alexander, on Fulton street. Two days before he had been to the house drunk, and had threatened to shoot his wife. She was frightened, and went to her home in Peoria. At this altercation several men were pres­ ent, and prevented him from playing the bully on his helpless wife. He went away the day after. He wrote to municated with, and they ascertained j Yesterdav afternoon the eldest girl and that Welch had not been in either place ' ~ ~ on the day of the robbery, although he was expected in both on or about that date. Operatives were dispatched to Peoria, 111., the home of his wife, and it was ascertained there, through Maj. Hitchcock, who knew Mrs. Welch, that she had been in ignorance of his where­ abouts ever since the row they had in Chicago. On the 22d of this month the Pinkerton Agency was notified by In­ spector Hanscomb, of Boston, tliat a letter had been received by Potter & Writhington, dated in Chicago, the 18th, postmarked the 19th, mailed from the West Division office, from Welch, in which was written his final determina­ tion to quit traveling. During all these manipulations nothing had been accom­ plished toward actually locating Welch. A "shadow" was placed on the residence of his brother-in-law, Mr. Alexander, on Fulton street, but nothing came of that. Then one of those little games known to great detective agencies and deemed perfectly legitimate in the unraveling j of mysteries was resorted to. One of | the operatives of the agency here was I rigged out as a Hibernian in search of a heart to win. There was a menial in the Alexander family who was suscepti­ ble and ready for a conquest. The op­ erative in disguise played the gallant desperately, purchased ice-cream by the quart, and did the lover so well that the Bridget on Fulton street sang out in her court: "Sit still, my heart, sit still." She became communicative, as all wom­ en do when they are in love, especially in the recital of secrets. She told her lover all about Welch's difficulty with his wife, and said that Welch had been back to the house one night and dav (four days after the robbery), and that he had left, going east. She*told him that some one in the family was writipg to Mr. Welch under another name. This occasioned the placing of a shad­ ow on a boy who mailed the letters "for tlie family. One was intercepted ad­ dressed to W. E. Norton, McDonough, Chenango county, N. Y. Theloye match desperately >ia|«the basement beflwe^S the operative ana the hired girl as ififo gtoat agency drew near in breath­ less interest to the object so much de­ sired." "A ielegram was sent to "Bob" Pinkerton, in New York, to run down to McDonough and "lay for the man who called for a letter addressed to W. E. Norton." Bob arrived in McDonough Friday night. There he met Lieut. Pinkerton and a noperative from this city. Yesterday morning a man called for letters for W. E. Norton, and he was at once arrested. He was Edward M. Welch, the man who had played the role of the James boys on the Kewanee Bank. He had in liis possession $4,000, part of it being in gold. He had been gradually working his way East ever since the robbery. His mother lives in Independence, Iowa, where he used to be in business, and where he has some property under mort­ gage. Arrest of Aulilaat Cashier Piatt for CM* plicity in the ^obbcty. A dispatch from Kewanee says: The arrest of Assistant Cashier Pratt, as an accomplice in the bank robbery, was a great surprise to our citizens. Pratt was regarded as one of our most prom­ ising young men, and was universally liked and respected socially and in a business way. Detective William A. Pinkerton arrived here in charge of Ed Welch, and shortly afterward went to a barnyard where were dug up from under the walk, buried about three feet deep, $6,000 in gold, which was acknowledged to be a part of the stolen property. Pinker- ton's men also captured iu St. Louis a dentist named Scott, on charge of complicity. Another partv was also arrested in Des Moines. All the parties thought to have been in the case are now under arrest, and a large proportion of the stolen property recov­ ered, with every indication tnat the bal­ ance will soon be turned up. MURDER AND SVICHHB. A LA SALLE COUNTY WIFE MURDERS HEQ HUS­ BAND AND TAKES HER OWN LITE. The town of Leland, in LEW Salle coun­ ty, was recently the scene of a tragedy of a highly sensational character. Mrs. J. M. Stratton shot and killed her hus­ band, the leading attorney of the town, and then turned the weapon upon her­ self and put an end to her own wretched existence. The following particulars of the tragic affair are furnished by a cor­ respondent at Leland: Nothing so terrible has occurred in the history of the town, and the excite­ ment the crime caused pervaded all classes. Jonathari M. Stratton, one of the victims of the affair, was the princi­ pal lawyer of the town. His reputation, was good and his relatives are well- known people. He became acquainted with the woman who took his life at the point of a pistol through the settlement of an estate a few years ago, and after a short courtship married her. He was about 40 years of age, and had one daughter aged 15 and one about 10 years of age by a former wife. His murderess had been married and divorced. She had a son about 7 years of age. Just after her marriage to Stratton, two years ago, she came into the possession of $500, and the money was un­ doubtedly one of the causes of her action. There seems to have been extreme jeal­ ousy on her part, and frequent accusa­ tions that he had * not given her a fair share of her money. The residence is pleasantly located, and its inside ar­ rangement exhibits much taste. The furniture was good and mostly new. Everything about the place was as neat as a pin. Off from the sitting room, in a large ice-box, were the remains of Strat­ ton. He was rather a small man, with a brown mustache, and his countenance looked peaceful. The fatal bullet had entered the right breast and passed through the body, coming out under the left shoulder. In a little room off from the husband and wife's bedroom lay Mrs. Stratton, a rather pretty woman tastefully dressed in a calico suit. About her neck was a gold chain to which was attached a cameo locket. In her ears were pretty pendants. Her small, well- formed feet were incased in a pair of stylish shoes. Her left temple was blis­ tered and scorched by powder, and a her mother went down town to Mr. Stratton's office, and after remaining a while there all started home. On the way a saloon-keeper stopped Stratton and told him he wanted him to defend him. He agreed to do §o, and she strenuously objected, using SMne harsh language about saloon-keepers and wliigky. Her husband argued with her, and, as both were stubborn, the old quarrel came on. She called him names, and he retorted bitterly. When they got in the house the quarrel was con­ tinued. He was in the dining- room and she at the end of a small hall near him High words were had and the husband called the attention of his daughter to the f^ct that he could get a divorce on such language, and told her to remember the date. He said "a bill of divorce is no disgrace to any man." This seemed to greatly excite Mrs. Stratton, who, after walking nervously back and forth, final­ ly , as he was hanging up his hat, placed a 22-caliber revolver at his side and fired. The three children ran out. The girls went to a neighbor s, but the little bov saw the flash of the pistol and lie- held his father fall across the doorway as he ran out. The bov heard a second shot almost immediately and ran back. His father lay motionless, and in the room at the end of the hall was his mother. He called her and she did not speak. He ran away again from the. house. Shocking Mnrder in Henry County. A horrible murder was recently com­ mitted at the farm-house of John Dus- tin, three miles south of Kewanee, Henry county. Mrs. Maggie Copeland was left in charge of the house while the rest of the family came to town to trade. Some one, supposed to be a tramp, entered the house during the forenoon and beat her to death with a club and robbed the house of consider­ able money, notes and other valuables. The crime was not discovered until be­ tween 2 and^3 o'clock in the afternoon, when some of the neighbors went to the house on an errand. Finding no one at home and the house locked, they were about to leave, when, going around to the back door, they discovered the body of Mrs. Copeland lyiijg in a pool of blood and her head beaten into an al­ most unrecognizable mass. Bobbery was undoubtedly the object. LATER--THE MURDERER CONFESSES. Sylvanus K. Makison has confessed to the murder of Mrs. Copeland, and pointed out the place where he had con­ cealed the stolen money. Many threats of lynching were made by the citizens of tne neighborhood. . OUB COUHTRY. Wseiertal dtewOi I* X*««rlis»" An English writer, Mr. M. G. lftilbalL. \ contributes to a New York pnbliestioa. ^ an interesting article oa the nnfiw of material wealth in tk« Baited StUKk " + *1 He regards our advance m •osoething t ' ,v marvelous,.and says thwq. w potting. like it in the history of mankind. As. v,. S «F men and money aire two of factors in the make-up f ofr),patkm*l. power, we present the following table to ")$' - show the growing sigmfieaaflb <rf those factors in this country. K 1H00. 1814. 1*30 1890. 1S40 Wealth., jPcremrltm 1,950,<»ii, 500 3,»*,IX«V-00 16,a<)0,00e,0i)0 31.2VX',000,000 49,8UE,OOO,0O» The Illinois Wheat Crop. The State Board of Agriculture re­ ports that the 1882 crop of winter wheat is the largest, with one exception (1880), harvested in the State, and amounts to over 50,000,000 bushels. The spring- wheat crop will make tho aggregate vield a little over 52,000,000 bushel^. The average yield is not far from eighteen and a half bushels per acre, which is but little U^low that of 1879, when the largest average yield per acre was obtained. The a rea of the presdht crop--2,752,- 108 acres--has been exceeded but twice (1880 and 1881). The quality of wheat is much better than an average, and has seldom, if ev­ er, graded more uniformly high through­ out the State. The crop was saved in good condition and either thrashed or stacked immedi­ ately after harvest. The 1882 crop will return the pro­ duce" ' lore money than any crop har- . during the past fourteen years. (HK).f<00 1,8»>.<W,»0<> S,S55,000,(K»» 3,798,000,00® 730.000,000 316,000,00ft &, Mi,600,000 Prr It** MMlnC) 1.045 Black Bass. The bass, having hibernated in the depths during the dead months, come on to the spawning grounds in May, and sliortlv after set about making their beds, which when finished are shallow concavities, in diameter about twice the length of the fish, and from the time of completion until the hatching of the eggs are most vigilantly guarded and kept scrupulously clean. The eggs, which are attached to the bottom by a glutinous coating, are hatched in about two weeks after they are deposited. If a pebble or water-logged chip or twig is washed on to the bed it is as quickly re­ moved as is the hook of the angler, and all animate intruders are as summarily driven off. The infant bass, at their first hatching, are as black and unprom­ ising as a swarm of polliwogs in a mud puddle, but they soon disperse and grow rapidly, and early show their blood, for, long before fall, little fellows an inch and a half in length may be seen chas­ ing minnows as big as themselves. Wlion the spawning season is well over and the law off, the bass have returned to the lake; but in the few days spent by them in the stream before spawning and the beginning of the close time the angler is given a chance to take them, in a perfectly legitimate manner. Pro­ tection has done wonders for the bass,for ^all they needed was to be let alone during spawning time, and wherever the law has been enforced they have greatly in­ creased in numbers. Up to the passage of a protective fish-law, in 1874, it had been the common practice with all who angled, either for pleasure or profit, to catch these fish on their spawning-beds in June. Whoever had eyes sharp enough to spy out these beds under the tangle of ripples and knots of foam in the shallows or beneath the slow current of the translucent gray-green depths had only to cast his hook, no mat­ ter how unskillfully, masked with a worm, and the alert parent-fish would rush to remove the intruder from the sacred precincts, seizing it in her mouth and dropping it well outside the bed, if left to have her own way with it. But just in the nick of time the angler caime in, and, striking, fastened his fiSh, which, ten times to one, was hauled forth at once by a stout pole and line, without a chance for life, to spend her strength in useless threshing of the dai­ sies and clover. It was not always done in this butcherly manner, but it was done in some way by almost every one who fished at all, and, at best, was a miserable business. SALT mackerel is a new shade for men's clothing. It is probably intended for wet-weather wear, as salt mackerel is ahnttil of a gum overcoat for a ip*n dry.--New Orleans Picayune. , ropulatiim. ... S,:wo<ow> T,aoo,ooo • . . . 9,600,000 ...12,900,000 17.100,000 18-W . 186S............SViiM), i)O0 18T0 38,(500,000 18S0 50,300,000 Although the share of public wealth to each person was not much greater in 1840 than at the beginning of the century, ret in the ensuing forty years tho increase has been greater than in any European country. Mr. < Mtilhall says that in 1840 Oreat Britain possessed five times the wealth owned by the United States, and. while the wealth of the former country has only doubled within the past four decades, that of the latter has increased twelve fold. As to the constituent points of our national wealth, he rmmm the following as chief Railways ...? fM.O Farms Cattle MannfacttxtW Houmv*. ...... Furniture.... Forrstn, mlnsi Bullion Skipping Public works, Stan. Total........ $49,770,000,000^ He holds that the national debtslmid not be deducted from the aggregate,oft wealth since most of the debt is held in» the United States, and the same may be-" said of most of our other local debfe. fie thinks that European emigration to * this country has tended to the increase' of the public wealth, but at the same* time the rapid increase of population ha«f served to keep down the ratio of wealth, per inhabitant, and this is particularly observable in the last decade. Me says that the growth of wealth in the deeftte just ended is sufficient to buy up the* whole Austrian empire, OF pay for aggregate value of Italy, Holland and. Belgium. Notwithstanding this fact tlfo average per capita of wealth i» leosinthef United States than in Oreat Britain France, and Mr. MulhaU fnnuakuM. that following in proof oi this fact; WtmUk. trotted States. |49,770,'IMI000 United Kingdom 44,100.00«.000 Franoe .... 3T,JUO,O0O,SV0 Aa regards the items which mftke fp our wealth, he says that it is e*iy trace their growth,. Referring to advance of- railways he points (iflt'tnll* since 1870 their value fAdreaaed at ih# rate of nearly SI,000,000 a dayv Sundays* excepted, 'the following table ibows that increase of mileage and c^itpl .outlay§i from I860 to 18S1, inclusive; ̂̂ Capital JStN. OtUlay. MbiMMff un »,«» $ I860. 30,630......... 1,127,OAO,0OS........BP 187# 5i,»74......... a,41U,0S«^00 631 1881 93,671 8,205,000,0«)0........ 104 Mr. Mulliall holds that our agriclfttta, more than anything else, si>ow» ihetlft**".' precedented rise of industry in tk*&> . United States m one single goneratioft.£ He points out that, while the pcp.aiatiyii. has only trebled since 1840, the grbwtft" of agricultural interests has been^fire9 fold, and, whether we regard the vatad At^ crops or of cattle, the per capita ia atxmii double what it was forty years ago^.^he|||i; following is a oonparison between 1840& and 1880: *v tiuh. . • /tmo • > s - Acres, tillage <4,890,000 Grain, million bush 611 * ' Vsloe of all craps....'..'..$*10,000,000 $1,995,OOII,OUO|5 '• 871,000,000 i^».attLupot>g' r-F*r • ' MM* #i > ISO*, it5,;-: ; * 3 - f He furnishes the figures to show that ̂ our manufactures have increased threw fold since 1850. The most remarkable * increase has been in the manufactures.̂ of iron and cotton. The former has in­ creased from 1,580,000 to 4,100,000 tous» ' in ten years, while in the latter the don-: sumption of raw liber ha« risen from.' 680,000,000 to 641,000,000 pounds--th«*« is from 14 to 18 pounds per iniiabitftni^ The following table shows the value, ol manufactures for a term of yeais: '* * ' ArMUN) Fob14, 1810 $1,019,107,ooe 1880 1,885.863,000 1870 4,231,240,000 1888 6,2*0,000,000 While our shipping interest declined i from 5,354,000 tons in 1860 to 4,213,00% tons in 1880, yet our foreign trade haa.^ steadily grown, the value of imports has doubled since I860, and multiplied ten­ fold since 1830. » The following table will show that progress of our foreign trade since tha,; year 1830: r • > i f ; >#• ^ Taiue of all cattic.. Aere.% tillage Grain, tmabSIs Value of all erops.. Value of all cattle. ilant. «44 '• » •; > 108 ioe; Tsar. Import*. 1838, $ vi.oaa^A 1840 106,000,000 1*80...... 178,000,000 I860...... 3-I2,000,010 1870 430,It RT.OOJ 1880 864,000,000 Export*. • 7«,UMt<i00 13>,ooo,mio ]s-.>,)«o.oos 4oi,u><>,o<j^ SlU.OFIO.OII 83A,M»V4» The facts and figures set forth by Mr.,\ Mulliall are full of interest, and wijjL serve to show the rapid progress of t\i** United States within the /'pa*t forif* vears. Hs holds to the opinion that Wr< * Homestead law aud the land " grants tou railroads have done much towan^proft moting the development of our ro j, sources, and multiplying the springs iul. public wealth. v K u-: ' - » Why They BOB. Ex-Preaident Fillmore shortly befoie his death visited Europe, ana, as related '* by Col, Ramsey in his " Recollections,"' had the following experience with It® American Consul at Barcelona ; "Iwan**- much amused by the Consul's turning ̂ round abruptly to me, apropos of noth­ ing in particular, and asking me if IR " knew why their army ran away at Bstl!J Bun ? Of course I said no; and loo&ed *4 properly grave in the pre*enoe of a dis­ tinguished ex-President and an otfkual of the United States. He then informed me that a telegram had been received at the headquarters of the army to the ef- j feet that a valuable appointment in the Postoffioe was thea vacant in New Tack, ' and that every one bolted to try and se- ' cure it." I • '< .-»>i A Point About These Canal*! Fishermen who live about* Mediterranean shores say the digging %-i» the Panama and Corinth canals i»,;itely,| to influence the future character ot' thee finny tribes in the waters which these canals will join. They point td'their" own experiences since the Suez tinder-" taking was completed. Not a single' shark was formerly known in the Medi ­ terranean, a fact which niaJ^ tue lish| supply in that sea inexhaustible, hut sharks now migrate into it freely from ** the Bed sea and Indian ocean, and mak*4 sad havoc of fish that have a aaai&et* value. / >' % ' ; tkm Clean Dew .. .m; .Birr. to Rent if"ap 'I ]• o w.own t, south vide ni Si Will be In fel! and warm and f hour*., x