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> . V -v * * . \ m »'••>". ?••• VOLUME CIV.--NO. 89 C FRIDAY, APRIL 13, 1945, --34 PAGES THREE CENTS PAY NO yr:<v? es War Success SAYS HE PLANS NO CHANGES €> Asks Cabinet Stay; Takes Oath at * White House *Y WALTER TXORAN {Pieturmt mn pagae 2 mud 3) tctli» Tiltn fw *mHm\ Washington, D. C, April 12 --Harry S. Truman, one time Missouri farm boy, was sworn in as the 32d individual t« become President of the United States in a.: simple ceremony in the cabinet room of the executive offices of the'White House. He completed the oath, which toas administered by Chief Justice Stone, at 6:09 p. m. today (Chicago time), 2 hours and 34 minutes after the death of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Standing behind him was his wife, Mrs. Bess Wallace Truman, his schoolgirl sweetheart, who occasionally dabbed at her . tear stained eyes. High Officials Present Deployed about him wtre "members of the cabinet to whom Mr. Truman had broken the news of President Roosevelt's death and many high officials. Members of the White House jStaff peered in thru the three doorways of the room. Tears welled in the eyes of many of the witnesses. > ~ With his face set in solemn lines, the 60 year old Truman i .used his right hand to take c/ er the nation's highest office. Chief Justice Stone delivered tl-c oath froifc memory in measured tones. Mr. Truman repeated the words after him in a linn vpice. * I, Harry S. Truman, do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States and will, to the best of my ability, protect, preserve, and defend the Constitution." "So help you God," the chief Justice intoned. * So help me God," the new President repeated. Ceremony Otar Quickly The ceremony took less than .a minute. It was performed within sight of the back portico of the White House, where Chief Justice Stone had deliv ered the same oath less than three months ago to Mr. Roosevelt for the latter's simple fourth term inaugural on Jan. 20. President Truman wore a gray striped double breasted suit He had on a white shirt and a blue tie with white polka dots. He placed his right hand on a Bible which rested atop the cabinet table at which Mr. Roosevelt haH gathered for 12 years with his official family to chart the nation's course in peace and war. Shortly after the ceremony, irhich was delayed for 10 mintitfii pending the arrival of Mrs. Truman. Truman left the cabi net room. " x «Tut President hii gor.z over m mp * TRUMAN FACING WAR, PEACE AND DOMESTIC TESTS BY ARTHUR SEARS HBNNING .1 Cfttai* Triku* Pmm tarrfttl Washington, D. G, April 13--The sadden death of President Roosevelt at Warm Springs, Ga* this afternoon brought the nation face to face with critical problems affecting the war and the peace and with possible change* in domestic policy of incalculable significance. With Vice President Harry S. Truman sworn in as the 32d individual to be President early this evening the leaders of the government labored far into the night te gather the reins of administration firmly into the hands of the new regime. Asks Cabinet to Stay Altho one of the first acts of President Truman was personally to request members of the cabinet to continue to serve for the time being, -at least, it is believed that eventually ther^will be numerous changes in the cabinet. Whethir to postpone the San Francisco conference of 45 nations to construct a new league of nations to enforce peace was another question considered by Mr. Truman. He decided that the conference should go forward as planned and so instructed SecrAary of State Stettinius, who is chairman of the American delegation and in charge of preparations for the conclave. Stettinius later Issued the. following statement: With the authority of President Truman. I wish to announce that the San Francisco Conference will open on April 25 as planned.*! Expect Truman to Go \. As the delegates to the confer ence from the allied nations were to have been welcomed in person by Mr. Roosevelt it is expected that President Truman will go to San Franclaco April 25 to perform this function and launch the undertaking to erect a world peace structure. As a general policy, Mr. Truman set himself the objective of carrying on the government in the way that he believes -Mr. Roosevelt would have done. Whether he can adhere to this course in view of the diffeOfniee of attitude between the two men on fundamental problems of government is a question that only time wUi answer. A widespread judgment among politicians tonight is that the advent of Mr. Trtunan to the Presidency sounds the death knell of the Roosevelt New Deal. This opinion derives partly from the well known fact that the new President never was a New Dealer. He is a conseryi Continued on pago 6, column LJ THE WEATHER FWDAY. w 13, SnarlM. «13. Sanact. 1-ii. Ifponwt. ejos p. i^llonilB| itu. Marc 4venlns itar, Veniflp night lumlaarle*. Saturn «nd JupttflP CHICAGO AMD VICINITY?" Sbowcn and thunderstorm* today; Ufht ibower* tonight ant tomorrow morning: cooler tanlsbt and to --iw; Xrab to occasionally ttroos winds to- 4ar. hlsh today, II; low toalxbt, 46, hub S5. .Showers and thunderstorms today th and cast tonight* tomorrow ihowen ID extreme east; cooler tonight: Bach cooler tomorrow; TUBS* n CHICAGO IW MA oM S a. m. April lSi 4J *a., *a6.. .. .ei 5 a. m....eo • a. •... .ST T a. m... .ss • a. m... .SB 9 a. 10 a. .M T p a ... 93 S p •... .48 9 p. m... .48 10 p.m....48 p. «... Mldo't 49 1 a. B....48 2 a. m. ...51 lta.M ...53 Noon 54 l p. m....5S a p. a....55 3 p. a....54 4 p. a....57 5 p. a....b« • p. a....65 •Hlgto. tLcw. rar 34 Inara e*M T:SO p. m. April IS: Km tcaperatnre. S3; nocaal. 4C; ezcea sti Jan. 1. 58» lento. Prrdidtatlca. .08 at aa tacte defldaaq daet Jan. 1. 140 tncbea. RKbert wind Trtodty. IT miles an how. RcUHt* IraaMlty. 7:30 a. a.. *9 per cent 1:30 p. a-, ea: 7:30 p. a . ||. tOSdal wnte repvt a pw« 141 r«tal sww|i mtt pa MARCH. U4S SSL 111,089 THE 31ST AND 32D PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES - ^ ' 'h • y n fl I Associated maa fbotol JS82--FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT--194$ (ACM notol TTARRY S. TRUMAN Mrs.Roosevelt Gets News of Death at Club Washington, D. C, April 12 [Special]-- Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt was attending an afternoon benefit lor a Washington charity being held at the Sulgrave clut today when she received the news of her husband's death by telephone from P r e s i d e n t i a l S e c r e t a r y : Stephen Early. She went to the telephone, spoke a few words, put down the receiver, and walked out to her car without a word to any one. Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, whose husband died as a result of his labors in World War X, was at the same party. When Mrs. Roosevelt Arrived at the White House, Early took her to her sitting room on the second floor and said: "The President has slept away." 8orry tor Other People Mrs. Roosevelt replied* "I «» more sorry for the people of the country and the world than I am for us." Early •*>»« evening she left the White House for a flight to her dead, husband's sid* *t Warm Springs, Ga. Dressed in black and holding herself eirect, tho her face was drawn and gray, she was escorted to a black limousine by her daughter, Mrs. Anna Boettiger, who was the only one of the five Roosevelt children to be in the country when their father's death occurred. Early and Dr. Ross Mclntyre, the President's personal physician, followed Mrs. Roosevelt into the car. Sona In Service Three of-the four Roosevelt sons are in the Pacific. They are James, the eldest, a ctflonel in the marine corps; Franklin Jr, a lieutenant commander in command of a destroyer escort, and John, a navy lieutenant and supply officer on an aircraft carrier. Elliott, a brigadier general serving in the army air forces, is in London. Mrs. Roosevelt sent messages to them telling them «f their father's death. "He slept away this afternoon," she told them. " He did his job to the. end. tt hi would want to do. Bless you all and ail out love." She signed it " Mother.* . • II- • • 4 • - ROOSEVELT FUNERAL SET FOR 4 TOMORROW; BURIAL AT HYDE PARK Wahington, D. C., April 13 CFri day--<JP)--The White House an hounced early today that funeral services for Franklin D« Roosevelt will be held at 4 p. m. Saturday [3 p. m. Chicago time] in tfie East room of the White House. Those who will attend will be high officials of the government, members of thf Sypreitae court, chiefs of foreign diplomatic missions, representatives of the senate and house,, and friends of the family. Burial will take place at 10 a. m. Sunday morning at Hyde Park, N. Y. The body of the late President will not lie in state and the White House requested that the public not send flowers. Since the East room will seat only 200 persons, the number attending the services here must be restricted. An overflow will be permitted, probably, into an adjoining room..,, '( The services are*-*x£ected to follow the usual Episcopal ritea which would mean an absence of eulogies. In charge of the East room services will be Bishop Angus Dun. presiding Episcopal bishop of Washington; the Rev. Howard S. Wilkinson of St. Thomas Episcopal church, which Mr. Roosevelt customarily attended when In Washington, and the Rev. John G. Mage* of St John's Episcopal church, the church of the Presidents directly across Lafayette park from the White House. The burial services sit Hyde Park will be in charge of the Rev. George W. Anthony, rector of St. James Episcopal church, of which Mr. Roosevelt was senior warden. A special train will leave Warm Springs today, arriving here early tomorrow. 73)# White House expressed a desiri that crowds not meet the train. War Summaries WESTERN FRONT-- C. 8. tth army eroiaei Elbe river. Pag* 7. LONDON--Reds cut Naxia' last life line north of Vienna. Page 9. GUAM--Jap planes sink P. 8. destroyer at Okinawa. Page 11. MANILA--Yank* tavafe Bohol bl land tn Pfclttpfteaa, hplu ' "J ' RooseveWs Health Failed _ ^ Steadily Since Late in '43 tChleac* THtast Frtu Service) Washington, D. C, April 12--Now that death has claimed Franklin Delano Roosevelt the true story of his decline in h£Uth for more than a year is expected to be unfolded. From the Tehran conference in late 1943 until today, and especially during the bitter 1944 Presidential campaign, not a day passed without Some rumor about the chief exepu tive's health. I He was reported as suffering from a brain hemorrhage, • stroke, a heart attack, a cancerous prostate, an aneurism in the aorta, a nervous breakdown, and other ailments, and all at the same time-. For the most part the press of America refrained from publishing alarming stories, altho reporters saw the President wither under their eyes, lose ^his mellifluous voice, and slow down mentally. 4 First Story la 1M4 The silence of good taste was broken only when the President himself mentioned his health or some -one in his official family discussed the chief executive's illness. The first story on the President's health came in March, 1944, altho it was known he had been ailing since the Cairo and Tehran conferences of December. 1943. The question of his health waa thrust dramatically before the nation when Aubrey Williams, one of the first New Dealers, who was recently denied the directorship of the rural electrification administration by a senate vote, reported after a White House dinner that he was shocked because the President looked < so tired and worn. Shortly afterward Mr. Roosevelt took a rest cure at Bernard Baruch's baronial South Carolina estate. He stretched a planned two week stay into a month and re-, turned announcing that he was Unproved, but the lines of care about his face deepened and he rapidly lost the sun tan he had acquired. He continued to lose weight Took Note of Rumon During the last election campaign the Presidents health caused such a wave of apeeulation that Democratic Chairman Hannegan de nouaced "the whispering ""f'gn gslag ®s sad bsi&s 4atssa!Ss&£fcssstj PRESIDENTS OBITUARY An obltaavy of President Roosevelt appears on pSige 4. A •ketch of the new chief executive, Harry S. Truman, is on page *. stating that his health was pretty good. White House physician. Vice A dm. Mclntire, frequently declared the President to be in as good health as could be expected. Nonetheless, Howard Gerald Bruenn, a New York City heart specialist, was commissioned a commanded in the navy late In 1942 and assigned to the President Bruenn was with Mr. Roosevelt when he died. The commander had been with hirgi almost constantly since he was commissioned. It was widely reported that the President had tachycardia, or in layman's language a fast heart Many doctors studied presidential cardiograms and others were called in consultation to see the chief executive. It was known thruout official circles that there was a veritable parade of doctors in attendance on the chief executive. Parade of Physicians Last summer, leading Washington physicians were called in to examine a prostatic condition. One of these refused to operate, saying that the chances were too great for him to risk. This doctor urged that Dr. Jefferson Leahy, leading Boston specialist be called Drs^Leahy reportedly agreed to operate. The operation was reportedly set for [Continued oa page S, column 3) Tribune Features the President." took Mr. Booacvalt also| aCtfea Crossword Puzzle.. ...... Dick Tracy.. Editorials Friend 61 the Yanks Gasoline Alley Gumps Harold Teen Inquiring Camera Girl..., Moon Mulllna...u........ Neighbors ......... Obituaries Orphan Annie. Radio Programs........... Smilin' Jack .......... ... .^* ». [Terry Wimtis Wiafcla............ rage It .Page 12 .PageM .Page M Page IS Page 19 .Page 2ft Page 14 Page IS .Page IS Pag*15 ' \ S STROKE FATAL AS HE VISITS WARM SPRINGS Succumbs After Terrific Headache'; Had Been Sitting for Sketches - fPictures ** pages 4 aa4 f hmtk page) Warm Springs, Ga^ April 12 (AP)--President Fnmk* fin D. Roosevelt died unexpectedly today at 4:35 p. Bb (3:35 p. m* Chicago time) of a cerebral hemorrhage^ M r . R o o s e v e l t ' s l a s t w o r d s w e r e : / s* * I have a terrific headache." ^ ^ He spoke them to.Comdr. Howard Bruenn, nava! phyrf* clan. Presidential Secretary William D. Hassett mid Mr. Roosevelt's body would leave here around U a. m. tomorrow for the 22 hour run to Washington. Mrs, Roosevelt arrived here late tonight with Stephen Early and Vice Adau Mclntyre. ^ Mr. Roosevelt, 63, was sitting in front of a fireplace ia the little White House here atop Pine mountain when th* attack struck hiw. Bruenn described it as a massive cerebral hemorrhage* No Paia at tka End ~ - The President's Negro -valet, Arthur Prettyman. and a Filipino messboy carried him to his bedroom. He waf unconscious at the end. It came without pain. Mr. Roosevelt, in the third month of hit fourth tent as President, came here two weeks ago to rest. Dr. Bruenn said he saw the President this morning and he was in excellent spirits at 9:30 a. m. 'At 1 o'clock," Bruenn added, "he was sitting in a chair while sketches were being made of him by an artist (The artist wag N. Bobbins of New York Gty.) He sad* denly complained of a very severe occipital Headache (bade of the head). I ' Within:a very few minutes he lost consciousness. H« was seen by me at 1 JO p. m* 15 minutes after the episode had started. _ " He did not regaih consdousniss and he died it 4:35 p. m." * News Spread* Rapidly Only others present in the cottage were Cocndr. George Fox, White House pharmacist and long an attendant oa the President; Hassett. Miss Grace Tully, confidential secretary, and two cousins. Miss Laura Delano and Miss Margaret Suckley. News of the president's death spread like wildfire around the foundation and atop an adjoining mountain where guests were gathering for a barbecue. The President^ failure to arrive at the barbecue caused some anxiety. A telephone call was put thru and a few minutes later representatives of the Associated Press, United Press, and International News Service were told to rush immediately to the foundation grounds for some news. News of the President's death spread quickly and caused many tears among the 125 infantile paralyse patientiat the foundation here. Operator Almost Loses Voice • Miss Louise Hackmeister. veteran White House chief telephone operator, could hardly talk in her excitement to round up those who had to be informed. Tears and quivering voices) accompanied the announcement of the President's death by Hassett. Miss Tully, Mrs. Alice Wineger, Hassett's secretary, and Mrs. Dorothy Brady, Presidential stenographer, tat tense on a sofa as Hassett gave the news. Mr. Roosevelt arrived at Warm Springs March 30. He had been underweight and his doctors wanted him to take it easy to see if he could not regain the poundage at which he felt comfortable. The death announcement* was made u& white cottage in the center of the 2,000 acre Warm Springs Foundation for polio treatment which the President helped found more th^n 20 years ago. Mail Heavy oa Last Day - _1_ . .. • * _ Secretary Hassett said the President's mail was quite heavy on his last day end -that " it took him' at least 30 minutes to sign papers.*. The President went about his final work dressed in a blue suit with vest and foor-in-head -tie. j Thf list piece of legislation Mr. Kooaevett stgasd wet one to continue the Commodity Credit corporation end increase its borrowing power. Hassett said that as he did Mr. Roosevelt made his usual fnnunrwt at such t ttHl * Here's where I make a lew.** 4 '•••• : r . • • • 2 - - z ~ 7 ^ .i