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mWm %*A"! •' '^iA-l* «.. - MILLIONS IN BONDS. this pap havethe biggest bond AEIYAI OF NIAGARA. TEACH GIRLS HOW TO .RUffc: t bar the Treasury Depart-givon o ment he , *HT CAN'T TALK. idlhsmCMtllnn itabli; i lot oTtktaCB. if I wen • tnud supreme deflghfc mniblt; * . _ , ifttkg DM to DWNVKM'i hn. iwl Irtftfc Urtn, with bnt on* araa, AH>0n<h John Henry, when alna, WM won't to drive with more than one. wfc»n th«) moon with veltowllght, FlltfoMen edges on the night, "• llttt gar and giddy Hiram Browai Went driving just outside the to WO. Ito where a bridge, bayoad a kisoB, OMM not be crossed, unless a taB - Were paid to him; though there V** BOM Whea Hiram drove across alone. > How. when the sweet ,Tnne roios bloomed, And all the 'isirknesp wan perfumed, Th«t> sentimental Fairfax White Would hire me every ot her night. Awl through t be lanes go driving i" The meanwhile murmuring soft i To whom I never could exactly at But Fairfax didn't talk to me. In winter time, across the 'now With jingliiu bells I've had to go; And. though I'd mill the sleigh with "We'd go so Uow I'd nearly freeze. , And yet in anv kitd of storm * That. Honry Black kept nice and war||jj.--ia: Except ono night--he was alone-* .* Jiwt why t i me was never knownj •/;;; I inow he ran me out of breath. And Henry neirly froze to death. Oh! I'm an old horse from a liverv B labia,; 1 could tell A lot of things, if I were IU*. --Puck. . CAUSED BY DYNAMITE if!':- ||S The engineer leaned back cont«nt- ^; | «(lly in his cab and lit his pipe. The express was thirty minutes late, and ^ that makes a very acceptable rest for ?2»V the crew of the local freight, which *$•:; '.'took the siding at this point to per- mit the passenger train to pass. || "The air-1 rakes on freight cars are great things, Bill," he elacu- lated, as he watched the fireman |fe Jyrake down the ashes; "beats all - what a help they are in holdin'a t| . heavy train on a down grade. I saw |? c.a times once when I'd have given a If. . rile of money if there had been such stf a thing then, and 'twas right on this ^ division, too." "Let's near about it, Pete," said the fireman, putting the poker away and chipping off some hard tobacco j y 'for his corncob. t' ̂ "It's a good while ago now," the ;neineer answered meditatively. "I ?as runnin' a pusher between Cone- l , maugh and Cresson, helpin' freight ^ - and coal trains up the hill. It was if just alter the strike in'77 when the *V > boys raised Cain, and the cause of '* •-,. that strike, if you'll remember, was r ^partly on account of the company JL' , cuttiu' down the crews and doublin' the runs. Nowadays, with box and £. " !coal cars Qtted with air, a brakeman i *" .more or less aon't make much differ- f<-'** ence, but then every man counted, r;' Jand when theyjdropped a chap off on { - |these mountain runs it made the rest Ifeel shaky, for there wasn't enough linen left to tend the brakes. ^ "One night it was our turn to as- ,®ist what was known as the Panhan- * J ^dle freight up the mountain. We fietartea out from Conemaugh about ||;^ipi:20 pushin' the train, which was ade up of about ten cars of hegs, two box cars and fifteen or twenty four-wheel coal cars--'Jimmies, we called 'em. The box cars were at the rear; that is, right in front of us. We made pretty fair time up to ^ '^South Fork, where the. flood broke , 5 afterwards, you know. Then the fe j^sengine in front began to steam bad, |f; ^and what with us pushin' hard and , s * it pullin' by fits, 'twasn't long before ~ ;«the cars were pumpin' and jerkin' ^pretty rough. Then I saw the con­ s' ?.ductor com in' back hard as he could, ijWhen he got within hearin' be h yelled. 'For God's sake stop that bum pin'. We have two cars of dyna- mite in the train.' V". "Did I stop it? You better, be lleve I did, and mighty quick, too. I ft, V blowed for brakes and the engineer in front answered, and as the grade "* there Is about eighty feet to the mile H we soon stopped. I sent my fireman ; forward to tell the other engineer to try and get his steam gauge up and | that I wasn't goin' to bump myself y into eternity if I knew it. After he i was gone I discovered my water was | low and concluded to run baclc to a | sland pipe about half a mile down | the track to fill the tank. So, cut- | tin' the couplin' myself, I dropped | down, i found afterwards the crow 4 didn't know 1 had gone and bad | failed to put the brakes on the last j| cars, thiukin' my engine would hold 'em. "I hadn't more than got alongside }'. .8 the pipe than I caught a glim use of ^ j the tall lamps of the train corn in f;i, t lickety split towards me. I knew at once what had happened. The train had broke in two and part of it was runnin' wiid down the hilL That often happens, you know, and there ain't much danger in stoppin' the wild cars; all that's necessary bein' ? ^ for the engineer of the pusher to run ^ "f backward slowly, so as to make the ; it bump when it comes easier than if ; , *1 the engine was stopped. "But you can bet I wasn't hank- ^ ©rin' to stop two .cars of dynamite **! pulled the throttle wide op?n and fastened the whistle rope so as to keep up a steady blowln*. Great Mo •es how we spun down that grade! All the time the lamps on the run­ aways were twinklin' Sn plain sight, And I knew the cars must be comln' a-whizxin'. We passed a train goin' down on the other track, and, al­ though it was makin' pretty fair ipeod itself, the engineer told me afterwards that I si d past him like as if the devil was chasin' me, and when a minute or so later, the cars came along like a comet he thought 1 was a goner sure. "Well, I reached the sidin', and by osin' sand, and reversin' got my en­ gine stopped. Then I jumped for the switch. It was rusty and bent, but fortunately not locked. I gave it a terriffc jerk, got it turned and then run as hard as my legs would carry me. I was too busy gettin' out of the way to watch for the cars, but I heard 'em comin'. and I remember thinkin' that if they jumped the switch and kept on down the main track it wouldn't be my fault. 'Then there was a crash and a shock which seemed to come out of the sky. 1 was knocked head over heels by the concussion of the air, and when I crawled upon my feet it was rainin' pig. Fact. The sky was full ot ready-made sausage meat. A car of hogs had broke loose with the dynamite, and, of course, went up when it exploded. Spare ribs and pork chops fell all over Cambria County that night, and a farmer livin'near the railroad got three whole hogs out of the tops of pine trees next day. 1 was so weak I could hardly reach my engine, but I managed to get her side-tracked and out of the way just as the express came along." "How did the company reward you, Pete?" asked Billy, as the en­ gineer knocked the ashes out of his pipe. "Laid me off a month for lea via* the train without notifyin' the con­ ductor.1'--N. Y. Sunday World. •JV m that way, and when i saw'em comin' I dln't stop at the pioe but kept on goin'. My old push r jumped, and then lit out down the hill. Jimiuy crickets Mow she was a hummin' in less than a minute, while the runa­ way was chasin' us hell 1 ent. Scared? Well mebbe I wasn't, though it wasn't long before we begun to gain on the cars and leave them further behind. Lord! how the little drivin' wheels of that old pusher did hum. •'All this time I was thinkin', and thinkin' hard as well as fast. I knew,that bein' on the east-bound track 1 might run slap bang into a train comin' up and what would be left after that wreck would he blowed to Kingdom Come when the dyna­ mite arrived. In a case of tbat kind a man's got to think and act mighty prompt, and it didn't take me long to • form a plan. I had a good half mile lead then and steadily gainin', and If I had wanted to could have had tique to stop, crawl behind a rock UD on the hill side and see the big- gest display of fireworks ever known when the dynamite knocked the en­ gine into smithereens. "But 1 con jured upa better scheme than that in less time than it taices to tell About three miles further oown was an abandoned coal mine, with a siding connecting with the tip track. If I could reach it in time to throw the switch the runaways eouid be turned off and do little dam- age beyond destroying themselves. On the other hand, if the night ex­ press should be near, and 1 knew she wa® about due, the consequences would be horrible if I failed, bad predicament, wasn't it? But, as I •aid, in such cases a man's got to de- YOUR UNCLE SAM ROWS MONEY., All AWnt «1m nrtyMmi««!-t>en*r LOM-TIM New Issoe of Two Kinds, Coupon ud Registered--Great Fortunes bfwM. . ' Odd Thiajc* In Socnrtttoa. • ./ Washington correspondence: The new 5 per cent, bonds will soon be scattered all over the United Stales. They are but a drop in the bucket with what U nele Sam has borrowed since he began busine-ts a little more than one hundred years ago. The total amount of bonds sold by the Government from the beginning of the Union down to . ho year 1880 was ten billion six hun­ dred and nicety million dollars, a sum which makes the mind dizzy, and which would buy up a dozen of the small mon­ archies of Europe. This vast sum includes the bond issues of the United States up to that time. Many of them were made to fund previous loans, but interest was paid on every one of SBCRSTART CARL1SIA Ttie Vanishing Moose. A deer when started by a hunter or driven by hounds usually returns in a few days to the same hill or moun­ tain-side where he was first found; but a moose, when once thoroughly alarmed, will start on a long swing­ ing walk, and, taking with him his entire family, leave for good. It is one of the greatest difficulties--and there are many--in still hunting this, animal, to avoid getting him under way, lor then the huuter may as well break camp and try other fields, since not a mooSe will be found within miles. They scent a moccasin track or the smoke of a tire at an in­ credible distance. A fresh trail may be found one day, and arrangements made to follow it at daybreak on the morrow. During the night the moose returning to his old haunts, detects the danger-siens, and all tbe hunters find in the morning is a trail six or eight hours old leading for parts unknown in an almost perfectly straight line. The moose is at that moment, perhaps, twenty miles off, and still going. Although moose cannot be driven to water by hounds like a deer, but will turn savagely to bay, still they will not remain in a locality {where dogs are running; so that when the white hunters became numerous in tbe North Woods, and especially when they introduced hounding, the moose simply left the country, and passed either eastward to Maine or northward to Canada. It is a weil-autbenticated but little- known fact that they practically left in one season. They were numerous in the Adirondacks, especially in Brown's Tract.--a large district in what is now the southwestern part of tbe wilderness-- until the period between 1850 and • 1855 -(prob­ ably near the latter year,) when they suddenly disappeared. Before this several had been killed yearly. Scat­ tered ones were shot later, but 1855 marked their exit from the annals of New York game. Years later, four or five were brought back to Saranac, but would not stay. --Century. As Told by the Ring. The old proverb that "Listeners never hear good of themselves" was comically illustrated in the case of Charles 11., during his flight after the battle of Worcester, which was fought on September 3, 1651. From his hiding place at Boscobel the K:»ig, disguised as a servant, ac­ companied Mrs. Lane, who was visit­ ing her sister near Bristol, from which port it was hoped he might find a vessel sailing for Franca On the way Charles's horse cast a shoe, and he had to ride to a village smithy to get it shod anew. As he was hold­ ing his horse's foot, he asked the smith what was the uews. "He told me," says the King, who dictated an account of his escape twenty-nine years later to Pepsys the diarist, "that there was no news that he knew of, since the good news of the beat ng of tbe rogues the Scots. I asked h m whether there was none or the English taken that joined with the Scots? He answered, that h • didn't bear that the rogue Charles Stewart, (that is, tha King, holding the horse at that moment) was taken; but some of tbe others, he said, we e taken*, but rot Charles Stewart I told him that if that rogue were T I ken he deserved to be hanged, more ihan all the rest, for bringing in the hcots Upon which he said that 1 spoke like an honest man, and so we parted." We may be sure the merry mon­ arch, who dearly loved a joke, en­ joyed the humor of the situation. But though it was fun to him in after years, it might easiljr have been bis death at the time. these dollars, and the gold which has been spent in this way by Uncle Sam would gild the great departments of Washington and leave enough to make a solid gold statute as large as that of the Goddess of Liberty which stands on the Capitol dome. Fifty years ago if a Secretary of the Tieasury had made the statement that in half a century the United States would be borrowing money at 3 per cent, he would have been looked upon as a fool and a mad­ man, but there ia no security in the world better to-day than that of Uncle Sai&, and it is believed here that a 2 per <Sent. bond could be floated. Every One wants these bonds. They feel that their money is safe and that this $50,- 000,000 in bonds is surer than safe de­ posits of stocking under the rafters. Have you ever seen a Government bond? It is only a piece of paper, but it is often worth its weight in diamonds. The bonds of the present issue are in denominations of $50, $100, $1,000, and $10,000. The bonds aret of tne same size and the difference is shown by the figures on their faces. These bonds run for ten years and they bring in 5 per cent, interest. A Valuable Commodity. The new bonds are of two kinds. One class is of registered bonds and the other coupon bonds. The coupon bonds are payable to bearer and to them are fastened a number of detachable cou­ pons about the size oi an old 10-cent shinplaster. The interest is payable quarterly,"and every three months you clip off these coupons and Cash them at the Treasury of the United States or at the banks. Any bank in the country knows just what they are worth and will pay you the interest on them. You can use the coupons and the bonds in business deals and their value is so well fixed that they could almost pass as money. The chief danger is that no identification will be asked at the bank by the man who presents it. As to the registered bonds, these are of a somewhat different nature. They have no coupons and are payable to the person whose name is written on the bond. In the office of the register of the treasury at Washington there is a record kept of the men who hold these bonds, and about a wagon lead of ledgers and journals are devoted to this purpose alone. As soon as a bond is sold an account is opened with the person who buys it between him and the government, and in this is stated the amount he paid for the bond and the rate of interest. Every three months the clerks go through the books and make out a set of accounts. They notify the Treasurer of the United States to pay all the interest due to the persons who hold these bonds, and this money is forwarded to them in the shape of a treasury draft. As soon as the bond is redeemed the account is closed. These registered bonds are the safest investments known to the United States, and rich men put large sums of money into them. Van- derbilt once owned *45,000,000 of these registered bonds. The largest denominations of bonds now outstanding are those of $50,000. The fortunate possessor of one of these draws $2,500 interest every year and his original investment has increased in value about $7,000. This denomina- of bond is held by trust companies and millionaires. There are a great many bonds outstanding of the denomination of $10,000. The holders of these draw $100 interest every three months upon each bond. The largest issue of bonds ever made by this Government at one time was in 1877, when a total of $741, 000,000 was issued. Of course the pub­ lic debt was not increased to that ex­ tent, as a portion of the bonds re­ deemed others outstanding at the time. They had fallen due and Uncle Sam was not prepared to meet the obliga­ tion with ready cash, so he did what you would try to do if your note in bank should fall due and you had no hjfjMrf tha dreams ot avarice. ThlS bond is now in the Register's office of the Treas­ ury at Washington. It has been re­ deemed aftd canceled by the Govern­ ment. It is the only one of its kind ever issued and it was engrossed by hand. It represents the enormous sum of $15,500,000 and it was given out when the Geneva award compelled Great Britain to pay this country $15,500,000 on what was known ae the Alabama claims. The money wa-j paid to Hamilton Fish, then. Secretary of State. Congress had made no provision for the disbursement of this sum, and pending legislation upon the subject Secretary Fish invested the money in Government 5 per cents, receiving one bond of the face value of his investment. The oldest bond now extant is also in the possession of the Treasury. It is a faded document about the size of a $5 bill, dated Feb. 6, 1777, by which the-Government ac­ knowledges tho receipt of $30) from John Bonfield, which it agrees to repay on Feb. t>, 1780, with 4 j:er cent, inter­ est. A cancellation mark on the face shows that Uncle Sam redeemed his promise to Mr. Bonfield. Uncle Sam has, however, had his money troubles in times past. His credit was once quite low, and just be­ fore and during the war the money lenders were not so greedy for the government cribs. The first bonds that were sent out w e r e s o l d w i t h some difficulty and the financial skies looked dark. Many of the banks hail little faith in the future of the gov­ ernment and the BALMO* P. CHASB- treasury had to call uj,ou bankers and capitalists to help them in placing their bonds. It was the faith which Jay Cooke had in the government that made his great fortune. Jay Cooke & Co. at the beginning of the war did a great deal for the United States treas­ ury. The firm possessed the confidence of Salmon P. Chase, who was then Secretary of the Treasury, and they made a great deal of money by taking the bonds from the government in big blocks and dealing them out in smaller lots to purchasers. First Issue of Bonds. The history of the United States bonds is interesting. The first loans ever negotiated by this government were with foreign countries. France, Spain, Belgium and Holland furnishing the money in several small sums. The first issue of anything like a bond for home investment occurred in 1785, when the government negotiated what were then called loan office certificates. It was ̂ I'iyu, however, that the first issue of bonds to any considerable ex­ tent was made. It was found then that the indebtedness i&curred by the war of the revolution was a matter of grave importance. The Indebtedness was in many forms and on numerous accounts. Alexander Hamilton came to the front with a plan, which, after a long and heated, debate in Con­ gress, was adopted. It was decided to fund the revolutionary debt by means of a bond issue. The bonds ran in three series, the bulk of them draw­ ing ji per cent interest, the total Issue a m o u n t i n g t o about $64,00u,000. The scheme prov­ ed to be a success, and Hamilton lived to triumph over those who had op­ posed it. In lfti2 h e Government was again compel- l e d t o b o r r o w money. This time ALBXANDER HAMILTON® lpan $11,010.- iOO was negotiated, stock being issued to the amount bor­ rowed, and tl(£ revenues of the Gov­ ernment pledged for its payment. Other loans followed at intervals be­ tween this time and the beginning of tbe civil war. It was in 1S61 that the Government made the largest loan in its history up to that time. In consideration of the difficulties surrounding the situation and the critical conditions of the times, that negotiation may be classed as one of the signal feats in the financial his­ tory of the United States. Uncle Sam borrowed $150,000,00j on this deal. From time to time since the war the Government has made loana to recu­ perate its cash balance or to fund pre­ vious loans. The interest-bearing debt of the Government on Jan. 1, 1891, ex­ clusive of %he Pacific Railroad debt, was $585,639,315. Chinese Dig Under Folsom Street*. As a horse and cart were passing along Leiaesdoiff street ia Folsom, Cal.,. the other day, one wheel went entirely out of sight* throwing the horse oil its feet Investigation de­ veloped the fact that the Chinese have been running mining drilts be­ neath the streets and the railroads, honey combing an entire par* of this town and possibly extending under some of the business streets. It has long been known that a large body of rich, auriferous gravel lay beneath tbe property owned by the Railroad Company, but, they would not permit it to be mined. Considerable excite­ ment exists, as it is impossible to say how extensive are the workings. i/rgtANCj J . Itr THL BOND DIVISION. money to take it up--you would give another note in its place. This was a very popular loan, drawing 4 per cent, interest, and was negotiated without trouble. , > . An Kaormitni Sum. There are lots of interesting things about these valuable bits of paper Uncle Sam issues. If any reader of ' National Capital Notes. T HE increase in the public debt dur­ ing the mouth of January was $7,830,- 064. S OLICITOR W ALKER, of the World's Fair, protests against a transfer of award money to the National Commis­ sion. A TIN BOX to Mr. Wilson created a dynamite sensation among House mes­ sengers. It contained candied fine sugar. A TTENDANCE at the White House receptions demonstrates the inadequa­ cy of the building to accommodate the crowds. T HE Court of Appeals of the District has reversed the decision of Judge Bradley in the palmetto trade-mark liquor case. R E -ESTABLISHMENT of a military de­ partment ot the South is contem­ plated, with probable headquarters at Atlanta, Ga. SHOULD Asiatic cholera reach the United States this year, the govern­ ment has $700,000 left from last year's appropriation for fighting it. REPORTS from American Consuls at Sheffield, Barranquilla, La Paz and Cairo show that American flour is re­ garded at those plac es with little favo \ THERE i* a possibility that the Sen­ ate will pass the George anti-options bill, which seeks to prevent dealing in options and futures by making it a crime. j ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THF IN­ TERIOR REYNOLDS holds that where I several applications are filed for a i Sonsion clannent at different times by j Itterent attorneys, based on separate t disabilities, the several applications | pending shall b j considered at the ad- I judication as one claim awl allowed as ! aueh. 1 MIGHTY WATERS HARNESSED FOR HUMAN USES. ' . _____ Wondorrul Besourees of a Now RcjrbM-- Vast Industries Vpriaglng Up--How tho Missouri's Swift Current la Utilised-- -JNMUHTftad Promising City. ' Marvels of Mooting Great Falls, Mont., correspondence: It was not until the return of Lewis and Clarke from their remarkable journey, covering two and a half years, to the Pacific coast, in the first years of the century, that any definite knowl­ edge was obtained of the Falls of the Missouri. The intrepid explorers spent many months rowing and paling their heavy batteaux against the swift cur­ rent of the muddy river, which became clearer as they left the bluff deposits of the prairies and plains and neared the falls, above which the water is as clean and pure as ita sources of supply in mountain springs and snow. We wish our space would permit reprinting the long but graphic descriptions given cf this wonderful series of falls, in America's greatest river, around which the exploring party scent nearly a month. From the highest point of land, 350 feet above Black Eagle Fall, on which now stands a smokestack 200 feet high, as prominent an object a? the Washington monument, the top as high above the furnaces as that noble shaft, Lewis and Clarke looked for the first time over the site of the present city, but then temporarily occupied by a herd of buffalos, and later, in an en­ counter with a wounded one. Lewis was chased into the water opposite the town, where the river is 2,800 feet wide, and compelled to swim to the other shore. A new edition of "The History of the Explorations of Lewis and Clarke" has just been issued under the direction of Prof. Elliott Coues, of the Smithsonian Institution. It is a recital of a most im­ portant event in our history, and Drought down to date by numerous foot notes. It is dedicated' as follows: To the People of the Great West: Jefferson Rare yon the country. Lewis and Clarke showed you the way. The rest Is your own course of empire. Honor the statesman who foresaw your West. Honor the brave men who first saw your West. May the memory of their gloriouB achievement be your precious heri­ tage! Accept from my t.eart the undying record ot the beginning of all your greatness. E.C. " According-to Eastern ideas of calcu­ lation, this is a very young city, but undeniably it is one of the most prom­ ising in the West, and is bearing out the predictions of the explorers, that an important industrial city would spring up here. The first settle^ Hon. Paris Gibson, an honored and still ac­ tive citizen of the sturdy young giant with over 12,000 population, and as en­ thusiastic over the future a3 ever, with much now to back up his opinions and Erophecies, broke ground for the first ouse about ten years ago. Its growth was slow until the first railway, the Great Northern, reached there four years later. Now railroads reach out in various directions. The reader will naturally inquire what there is in the Northwest to make great States and cities. Is not this country in the American desert the school'books used to tell about? Yes, but the desert has since been chased hither and thither, until it is now lo­ cated in spots among the lava beds and high ranges of the far Southwest, and what there is of it contaics borax, salt, and resources of value to man, and there is no t uch thing as the "Great American Desert." What made the older States of thiB Union wealthy? Pine, forests, iron ore and copper mines supplied the raw material upon which Northern Michi­ gan, Wisconsin and Minnesota was built. Coal, iron and oil made Penn­ sylvania great. Corn and hogs brought riches to Iowa and Illinois. An extract of corn and rye distinguishes Ken­ tucky. Wheat has given prominence to Minnesota and the Dakotas, and so on through the list. Montana is a new State, and but lit­ tle known, except as a grazing region and producer of precious metals. Stock shipments last year exceeded $0,000,000 worth. Herds of cattle and flocks of sheep are brought into this State from the country south as far as Texas, to fatten on the ranges for Eastern markets. All the conditions here, grass, water and climate, are conducive to the highest development of physical life. The State produces horses of large lung power and endur­ ance, much sought after by the War Department for cavalry purposes. Budd Doble feeds his horses on Mon­ tana hay and oats. It was too far west, so stockmen said, to raise #heat, but a rolled flouring mill with 500 barrels daily capacity, located here, is making high-grade ttour from native wheat, and this immediate locality supports two agricultural papers. Those who have not been West have little idea of the possibilities and el­ bow room of a State like Montana, a region larger than all of New England, and then with country enough left over to include several of the Middle States. Standing by the tall smoke stack of the copper smelter, we looked down on the mighty river, with its rapids and cataracts, and saw waters fall with quick descent, furnishing power to turn wheels to crush ores, to generate electricity, to grind flour, to make hot fires hotter, and agreed with the builder of the marvelous wheel at the World's Fair, that where there was such enormous water power an indus­ trial city must arise. The monthly pay-roll now exceeds $160,( 00 for la­ bor, and is to be largely increased. The electrical energy possible at this point is beyond reasonable compre­ hension. It is already used in multi­ form ways: To refine metals, to run machinery s^id street cars, to cook food, and for heating purposes. Five ranges of mountains are in si^fht, clothed with forests and veined with precious metals aud iron, and val­ leys between seamed with beds of coaL Fertile lands slope back to grassy plains, where plowmen and stock rais ers are already busy. C. Slorteowi has different kinds M cres, rooks, etc., found hi this r«giocL In company with Prof. Morteon, we to­ day visited the chief copper smelter, and saw the brown metal by car loads and learned that by the electtiial process used in refining over 200,000 ounces of silver are extracted monthly from the copper output. Nine hun­ dred men are employed, and with the proposed wire and sheet copper mills cc mpleted, the force will be largely in­ creased. Along the double banks of the river for eight miles, the water everywhere can be harnessed to wheels and turned to human use. With millions of pounds of wool marketed here every year, it is only, reasonable to assume 'that this will become the site of wco^en mills, as it has of silver and copper smelters. With iron ore and coal, It is natural to think that furnaces, foundries and roll­ ing mills will spring up in close asso­ ciation with the raw material. The descending grade from the gold, silver, copper and iron mines to this point, must perforce of circumstances con­ centrate the smelting interests of a vast region along this available series of Our space will not permit us at this time to say more about this interest­ ing and resourceful region, and we must clcse with a brief reference to the re­ cent discoveries made by Prof. Scott and a party of Princeton College stu­ dents. They found in the Smith River Valley, south of here, whole skeletons of the camel, rhinoceros, and other tropical animals, comprising in all forty- two species and twenty-two genera. Sev­ eral specimens of the three-toed horse were found. The remains are petri­ fied. lying in indurated clays and pro­ truding from the banks or sides of the valleys or coulees. The Arrow Creek Bad Lands, at the foot cf the High- wood Mountains, east of Great Falls, is another interesting section, full of wonderful formations and abounding in fossil shells and remains of sea lizards and ancient reptile life. It is a fan­ tastic region, with deep coulees and rocks twisted and bent into odd and fanciful shapes. A lofty cliff exists in this same locality, well filled with petf rifled fishes. The Little Rockies and Bear Paw Mountains are also rich in fossil remains. This city is the nat­ ural outfitting point for scientific, geo­ logical, sketching, exploring, hunting and fishing parties. We are under ob­ ligations to the energetic secretary of the Board of Trade lor printed matter and personal attention, and prompt consideration will be given to all in-, quiries. J. G. JONES. BELIEVE IN THE " EVIL EYE." TRUSTEE CUliP Cof the Evil B/e). A Trial ftor tritchcraft in a Modern Town of Salem. The town of Salem, Ohio, was the scene recently of an extraordinary trial, which carries one's thoughts back to the Massachusetts town of the same name that hanged witches in the sev­ enteenth century. Salem has a pretty little Methodist Church, at which farmers worship. For the past two y e a r s s e v e r a l families attend­ ing the church have been pos­ sessed wijth the idea that they are bewitched. L a s t s u m m e r Howard Hughes, a w e l l - k n o w n farmer, d u g a well on his place, but after digging to what he consid­ ered a sufficient depth failed to strike water. He was nonplused for the mo­ ment, but, having a half belief In witches, came to the bonclusion that his well was bewitched. He went to Alliance to consult with a Doctor Hoff, a septuagenarian, who claims to be a witch doctor. Hoff went back with Hughes, apd descending into tbe well built a fire, and throwing several pow­ ders into the blaze went through a powwow performance. On coming to the surface Dr. Hoff told Hughes that William Culp, a trustee of their church and the wealth­ iest farmer in the neighborhood, was causing all the trouble with his evil eye and that the well would remain dry until after Gulp's death. Hughes told the Breen and Loop families, who also had a weakness for witches, that Culp was the wizard who was bringing all the bad luck on them. From time to time the deluded people kept clear of Culp, but denounced him as an evil man to all who would listen to them. A month ago some cattle belonging to Norman Breen took sick and died and then a relative of Hughes fell and broke his leg. Culp was blamed for all this and the familios have been very active in denouncing him as a wizard and dangerous person and advised their friends to keep away from him. Their belief became so annoying to the pastor of the little church that he concluded to have the. superstitious ones expelled and, preferring charges of witchcraft and defamation against them, he organized a church trial, which took place, the presiding elder of the district acting as judge. The trial occupied the whole day and, as a result, Mr. and Mrs. Norman Breen and Howard Hughes were expelled from the fold. FATHER OF THE INCOME TAX. R«irard mnt Congressman Hall Says to His B1U. Of all the men in Congress nono probably have a clearer view of the <A. Sure Way to Disarm j •f Women who have grown tireddf the masculine ridicule of ttteir run­ ning, when there is occasion for thedi to ran, cannot do better says Wmt* per'a Bazar, thjM* to have their daughters take a course of exerciae that shall spare them such mortifica­ tions, since at one time or another in life it may become necessary for all people to run. To this end exercise In a gymnasium is most desirable, be­ ginning with gentle calisthenics, and going on with bars and trapeze and ring, and ladder, avoiding the heavier work, the abrupt pulls upon the strength, or any too violent force of movement, thus increasing gently the breathing and the sudorific power, quickening and cleaning the blood and eliminating a world of refuse through the skin. In the gymnasium the girl will be taught to run so that her movement in her light skirts be­ comes a far more graceful thing than the running of her brother when he seems all legs. But her exercise need not stop at the gymnasium, while there is riding and rowing and swim­ ming outdoors and fencing and dane* ing within. Dancing is always a healthy exercise under favorable con­ ditions--that is, in pure air and wi|h not too late hours. And few things develop the shape better or produce more grace of movement than fenc­ ing does, calling upou all the mus­ cles and cultivating readiness, quick- ness, caution, and resolution at the same time. Swimming, although it leaves no single muscle an tried, is a less desirable form of exercise, be­ cause the temptation there is to over­ do: still the gre?tt swimmers declare that no other lorm of exercise makes the body feel afterward so much as if it had wings and could soar in outer ether. But it should be taken gently, and if the swimmer is at all chilled, it should be left immediately and brisk friction with brush and towel should take its place. After any of this order of exercise when the first glow has passed, there should be a quick bath and a cold- water doushe, which prevents taking cold. Other forms of Healthy exer­ tion are still to be found in walking and in domestic work. But it should >e understood, by the way, by those who desire to rid themselves of superfluous flesh, that walking is of little use for that purpose unless it produces perspiration; and walking, when carried to such a point, is not always best There are more effec­ tive ways, through gymnast c exer- cis?, to promote perspiration and thus reduce fiesh. And, after all, there is no healthier or better way to do this in general than by* what is called housework, whenever there is the requisite strength for its steady pull, and it is marvelous here how the strength grows by what it feeds on. Many a girl who was too deli­ cate or too listless to help her mother in anything but trifles, marrying and doing her own work develops a full chest, a strong back, stout limbs and goorl lungs, with the broom and the duster, the fiat iron and the scrub­ bing board, and appetite and cheery spirits and good nature have devel- bped at the same time with the sw| and happy coursing of the blood the veins by reason of the work. income tax proposition than Represen­ tative Hall, o f Missouri. He has made the sub'ect the study of years and is the father of the income tax bill in this Con­ gress. In a re- c e n t letter Mr. Hall said: I h$y?e before me an es­ timate of a num­ ber of persens and business ~~" firms residing in u!. & HALL. New York, Philadelphia, Boston and 4 , Chicago who drew incomes to the All these potent i amount of 250,000 a year. This esti- and varied resources are within bound- j mate placed the muaber at 12,000. See aries that make them tributary to a ! the immense income that would be common center, and that location is one j derived fpom this source. A writer in of destiny, for meu see these natural j the l orum divides the peopl* of our forces, and are beginning to utilize j Governmtflit into three classes the rich them. With all these things, there is ; being 182,090 families, their wealth indefinable hopefulness and keen alert- j being $43,367,000,000 averaging per ness in the air; every breath one draws I - * ~ is a pleasure, making it indead a land worth living in. ! In this energetic climate so condu- . cive to longevity, a few of the early i fur traders still linger. We remember • meeting a year ago old Hugh Monroe, j who spent ninety years in the North- j west, dying a few months ago at tbe ; ; age of 108 years, and old man Rondout, , i' who lives forty miles east of here, is in I his hundredth year, coming to what is 1 Montana in 1835, then as unknown family $238,135; the middle class he es­ timates as 1,200,( 00, owning wealth to the amount of $7,500,000, or an aver­ age of $6,2.0 per family, and the last he names as the working class, com­ posed of 11,020,000 families, owning wealth to the amount of $11,215,000,001), averaging $t)0S per family, and under the present system of indirect taxa­ tion the 11,020,000 families averaging $968 to the family, and who represent the great laboring mass of this Gov- m in l»•"{;>, then as unicnown ' eminent, pav 90 per cent, of the gov- a region as Africa. The country and ernmental tax, while the 182,090 fam- ennditions give men an opportunity to display their abilities. Robert Will­ iams, modest and quiet, is better known in scientific circles in the East and the old world as an ornithologist and bota­ nist than he is as a citizen of this oity His collection of birds la large ilies that average $238,135 a family do not pay more than 3 per cent, of* the governmental revenue. WILLIAM PEGGS, horse thief, es­ caped from the State prison at Colum* bus, Ohio. | Wasted Sympathy. The author of "Here and There m Italy" recalls the story of the Ger- man tourist at Capri, who one day, in the course ot strolling about, saw a beautiful girl, in the old costume of the island, bending over the edge of a frightful prescipice. Hurriedly ad­ vancing, the kindly man, in his best German-Italian, besought her to leave the dangerous spot; , but the girl sadly shook her head, and would not stir. "Lofeiy maid," cried he, "why do you despair? Why should one so charming weary of life? For yes! I know your purpose. You seek to die." Apparently trembling with emo­ tion, the girl turned her head asidfe "Come!" urged, tbe Germaa. "Don't; pray don't do it " At this the girl bent her ••lofely'* eyes full upon him, and starting lift answered: ' The signor is right I will not do it" The German went away" rejoicing, in tbe belief that be had saved the poor creature's life. But the next day, chancing to pass the spot again, he was thunderstruck at finding tile same girl in the same attitudfb He was about to seize her arm, when a loud voice called from behind him: <" "Please keep on one side, sir. I can't see my model." < There was an artist at his easel be- hind a big rock. The German walkiiil on. Not Sure of Himself. Over confidence has been the ruin of many a man. It is better not to boast., but rather to remember our­ selves, lest we also be tempted. St thought a venerable negro, mentioned ^"f^by the Washington Star. He had applied for work. - f ; "So you want to do cbores for as?" said the gentleman on whom he hit called. "'Deed I does." "Well, I don't know. Ton look ii if you were honest--" "Colonel, I'll tell yer de troof 'boil dat" "Very good." Q "Well, yer see, I specks Tse puf> fic/cly hones', but i kain't be sho." "Why not?" * ® "'Kase I ain't had 'nough speri- ence. l'se wifstood waterin ill ions all all right 'nough, but I ain't nebber had no face-ter-lace temptations wid chickens." • A Novel Use fbr Cranks. "The only way to dispose of tbe Crank question," said the man with the long hair and soiled shirt front, "is tt> arrest all suspicious charac­ ters, examine them, and every one who don't know the dilleience be­ tween right and wrong tontine him perpetually in the court-houses--" j "What for?" asked the prosecuting Attorney. ^ "What for? Under mifdern legal requirements where--i repeat ~ where would you find such a petit Jury':"--Cleveland Plain Dealer. WE sometimes find a poor person claiming relationship with a rich one. of the same name, but never a rich one claiming reiatioasfeip wftjh a poor OM ' •M:. ' Mi <• ̂ •