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&Ae HOME DEPARTMENT "FUR SETS" OF PLUSH 80LVES PROBLEM OF ACHIEVING RICHNESS WITH ECONOMY. With Proper Shad* of Material the Effect Deal red May Be Achieved Without an Undue Strain on the Family Purae. m N THE early part of last June a group of United States army offi­ cers stood watching an aeroplane as It soared aloft from the Army Aviation school at College Park, Md. The machine carried two men, Capt. Charles De Forest Chandler, commandant of the school, and Lieut Thomas De Witt Milling, one of the army aviators, who acted as pilot. Between the knees of Captain Chandler was strapped a queer-looking object, resembling some­ what a large inverted telescope with a disk-like attachment at the near end When the aeroplane had reach^jl a height of 600 feet and was skimming along at a speed of fifty miles an hour, suddenly above the roar of the en­ gine there came to the watchers below a quick rip­ ping sound. At the same instant a* score of little dust clouds spurted up from the ground a few hun­ dred feet away. This was repeated twice Then as the aeroplane glided to earth, at the spot where the dust had arisen, the officers ran forward to meet it. On th£ ground lay a piece of cheese cloth, three yards by fifteen, punctured with numerous small holes. And then the secret was out. The curious- looking object carried by the passenger was an aeroplane gun and the piece of cheese cloth was the target at which he had aimed while flying above at almost a mile a minute. M2T JWfY rJtf&tr Q&7CZ& jfr&ZRMTyF Tt? J%Y " upon unprotected person­ nel of land defenses, with­ out endangering the aero­ plane or its crew, It being practically Impossible to attack successfully the rapidly-moving aeroplane from below. The gun also opens a new field of at­ tack and defense in that it will be used as an ef­ fective weapon against other aeroplanes similarly armed. It means that hereafter unarmed aero­ planes will no longer be used in war, even for scouting purposes. A new 75-milllmetre gun, designed for the de­ struction of aeroplanes, has Just been tested at Toulon, France and proved satisfactory. &QU/LD Careful examination of the target showed that out of the full magazine of fifty cartridges dis­ charged by the gun operator, forty-five shots had hit the mark. The other five shots, the gunner explained, had been Bent into a nearby fish-pond In order that he might get, by the splash of the water, an instantaneous report of the accuracy of his aim. The fact that this was the first time the gun had been taken aloft, together with the trueness of the aim as shown by the examina­ tion of the target, spoke emphatically then and there of the great possibilities of fleets of aero­ planes loaded with these rapid-fire guns, soaring oyer a column of the enemy's troops. The potential result of Bwooping air-craft, arm­ ed to the teeth with death-dealing bullets, is stag­ gering to ordnance officers of the army and navy who discuss it. "Where will this lead'" thoy ask. It Is possible that the air is to harbor the greatest destructive forces in modern warfare? There seems nothing to prevent it. This remarkable aeroplane gun is the invention of Lieut.-Col. Isaac N. Lewis of the United States army coast artillery corps. Curiously enrugh, the gun was designed primarily for Infantry and cavalry use. Later, however. Colonel Lewis was Impressed with its possibilities for use in aero­ planes. Heretofore the difficulties which have stood in the way of serviceable guns for aeroplanes ha\e been difficulty in manipulation, too great weight, terrific recoil which would knock the frail craft out of gear, and flame from the rifle which would endanger the machine. In the Lewis gun these difficulties are elimi­ nated. There is no smoke--no flame--only the sound of the explosion tells that the gun has been fired. There is no recoil and the gun is BO bal­ anced by the magazine that the aim 1b not even interrupted while the gun is being flred. It can be flred at as high a rate as 750 shots a minute, but the rate may be reduced to 350 shots per minute, or to any number between these limits, by a Flmple adjustment of the gasport valve con­ trolling the admission of the gas to the piston cylinder. When firing at full speed it takes ap­ proximately four seconds to discharge a maga­ zine of fifty cartridges, and the empty magazine may be replaced by a full one within two seconds. It might naturally be supposed that Buch rapid­ ity of firing would soon overheat the barrel of the gun and render it temporarily useless One of the distinguishing features of the gun how­ ever. is a device whereby the barrel is kept con­ tinually cool by automatically produced blasts of a r. The barrel of the gun is surrounded by a close-fitting aluminum jacket, cylindrical in form and haidng some twenty deeply-cut longitudinal grooves extending from breech to muzzle Out­ side of this jacket is a light Bteel tube, three and three-quarters Inches In diameter at the breech and two and seven- eightha inches at the muzzle end of the gun. The grooves in the steel jacket have full access to the atmosphere at the breech, thus forming a series of Inclosed air ducts running the entire length of the barrel. Each time the gun la flred the ejector action of the dis­ charge blast sucks through these ducts, from the rear, a draft of air which serves to carry off the heat transmitted to the jacket from the barrel. The cooling is automatic in action, without the use of water or other cooling liquid and w^hout mechanism or moving parts. As aluminum has six times the heat conductivity of steel and but one- third its weight, this very effective method of cooling the gun adds but a few pounds to the total weight carried. Another novel feature which dif­ ferentiates the Lewis gun from all other gas-operated guns is the small Inclosed operating spring which is locatetd near the trigger- piece at the breech far removed from all Injurious heat effects. The temper of this spring cannot be af­ fected by either direct or transmitted heat, no matter of rapid and long-continued firing. The development tests of the gun, which have been in progress for two years, show that the barrel does not become overheated under con­ tinuous flre at full speed, and that it will not therefore be necessary to carry aloqg an extra barrel when on the firing line. Since nd cooling water is necessary, and no special mount except a small stake or "cowboy" mount weighing about eight pounds, the field equipment of the Lewis gun is reduced to a minimum. The gun may be flred from any natural support found in the field, such as a rock, log. stump, tree or mount of earth. It is even possible to empty a magazine while holding the gun to the Bhoulder or from the hip, as the recoil effect Is scarcely noticeable. It iB a matter of note that one of the most conspicuous things on the battleflel 1 in South Africa was the Jet of steam from che boiling water which was being used on the barrels of the rapid flre guns for cooling purposes. The gun is simplicity itself. It has only forty- seven parts, as compared with twice that number for other rapid flre guns. On the battlafleld or in the air where tools are necessarily scarce, and where they are needed more than anywhere else when they are wanted, the Lewis gun would cer­ tainly cause no worry, should some piece of the mechanism be broken or otherwise get out of working order, since the only tool required to dissemble or assemble the gun is the point of a bullet. The sustained rapidity of flre of which the gun is capable makes it a far more dangerous and effective weapon than any bomb-dropping device as yet devised. The accuracy of the firing of the Lewis aero­ plane gun on its first test was not only surpris­ ing in Itself, but has aroused attention on the part of our army and navy experts to the fact that our battleships and the disappearing gun bat­ teries of our coast defenses are completely un­ prepared for attack from the air. In the opinion of many, including Colonel Lewis, who is also the inventor of the Lewis depression position finder now employed in the coast artillery serv­ ice, it marks the beginning of a development that is destined to produce radical changes in our land defense and coast armaments, both for offense and defense. According to Colonel Lewis, an aeroplane cost­ ing not more than $5,000 will easily be able to carry the gun, 2,000 rounds of ammunition, the gun operator and the pilot. At a height of one mile or greater, and while moving at a speed of fifty miles per hour, it will be possible with this gun to pour in the most destructive flre upon the deck and flre control masts of battleships, and TELEPATHY AMONG ANIMALS Birds and beasts receive Information through the medium of earth -vibrations, John D. Quack- enbos, M. D„ writes in the North American Re­ view. Certain game birds and animals are sensi­ tive to the faintest earth tremor, and are ap­ proached only by the hunter who steps slowly and carefully, without Jarring the surface of the ground. The nature of the vibrations also con­ veys a notion of the direction from which the danger Is coming, and wild game depend as much on their apprehension of this as upon detection by the ear. When it comes to cosmic vibrations, the subtle movements communicated to the earth's crust by the tides or the pull of heavenly bodies, animals are mysteriously affected as to appetite, sleep, nervous poise and possibly pro* creation and migration. Recent experiments have proved moths and other Insects to be capable of thought transfer­ ence so far-reaching as to impress their fellows miles away with a knowledge of their where­ abouts. It is, well known to whalers that a cetacean struck by a harpoon has power Instantly to con­ vey intelligence of the presence of an enemy to a spouting school a half mile distant, so that th$ individuals composing it immediately disappear below the surface. Every angler is aware that if one trout in a pool has caught a glimpse of him all are Instantly apprised of his presence, so that his most attractive lures are offered in vain. What one knows all know at the same moment through an Interchange of subconscloua states. Aristotle noticed that the female par- tridge is affected by a distant male bird through what he described as a breeze from the male's direction. Some twenty years ago the late Austin Corbin purchased 25,000 acres of farm and wood land in New Hampshire and stocked the estate known as Blue Mountain park with elk and deer. In 1897 Is was predicted that the extinct carnivores, whose natural food is venison, would return to the region. Not long afterward the presence of pumas, or mountain lions, was reported In the park and vicinity, and the black bear lynx and wildcat are conspicuously in evidence today. PAYING FOR THE SPOONS If it were not for the souvenir thief no hotel manager would be gray-headed or bald Tbelr lives would be one long dream of bliss, broken three times daily by a spasm of happiness when they sell 35 cents' worth of food for $1.25. But the memento grabber ages him. "We tried to make the waiter protect the silver," said one the other day. "And we found that after the waiter worked for us a month he owed us money, be­ cause of fines for stolen silver. That wouldn't do. That same waiter would do his waiting else­ where--first trying to break even with the estab­ lishment before leaving. And it is very unpleas­ ant to lock the doors of a private dining room until we audit the teaspoons." So all hotel managers have adopted a new plan. The cost of stealing silver Is Included in the bill for the meal you take In the public din­ ing room. That is a matter of average. When you dine with a merry little party--or several merry little parties, as it sometimes happens<M^ a private room, it is also Included in the bill. roSr long ago the man who entertains out-of-town buy­ ers in a certain wholesale line ordered a private dining room and a special dinner for a half dozen guests. The hotel manager gave him a figure. "Tell your cook to spread himself on this din­ ner," said the prospective host, laughlngljr. "My guests are all from the west." "Pardon me." said the manager, hurried.'*. **l forgot an item. Your bill will be $2 more." The host looked at the memorandum and fjand an Item marked "spoons." "Much better to charge for the spoons In ad­ vance." said the hotel man. without a blush. "The ladies from out of town all take 'em. So do the ladles from In town. This way we're safe and they're saved a sin." Word for American Alps Lover of Fine Scenery Need Not Leave Their Country to Enjoy th* Best Those Americans who know Alpine scenery better than they do the moun­ tains of their own country would doubtleas be surprised to learn that on this continent there ate mountain ranges that in height frequently excel the Alps and In grandeur of scenery occasionally Burpass them. The height of certain nameleBh mountain ranges on the borderland be­ tween Alaska and British Columbia is hypothetically given as 19,500 feet. Mount St. Ellas is more than 18,000 feet in height, and there are many peaks in the southern part of British Columbia that attain an altitude near ly equal to that of Mont Blanc. Mount Whitney, in California, is higher than the Matterhom; Blanca Peak, in Colo­ rado; Cerro Blanco, in New Mexico, and Mount Rainier, in Washington, are very nearly as high. The scenery of these American mountains satisfies the aesthetic sense like that of the mountains of Switzerland and Italy, l&d the practi­ cal mountaineer finds the greater stability of weather CQnditkms makes climbing among the American moun­ tains far safer than excursions un­ dertaken among the Alps. Clgarmaklng at Home. In the beginning of the Industry In this country clgarmaklng was carried on by women as a household manufac­ ture. Trumbull, in his memorial "His- tory of Hartford County, Conn.," says that in the early years of the century nearly the whole Connecticut tobacco crop was worked into cigars by the female members of the family of tfc<j grower. It ia Impossible not to see that the most extreme of the present fashions are only intended for the rich. To begin with, the various suits, gowns, hats and muff seta, with that flashing something we have come to &now as "chic" are all too elegant and startling for any but the most fashionable thor­ oughfares and, nine times out of ten, they seem to need some species of equipage as well. It Is only the fairly simple tailored costume that will dare to pick its way dtong common patha, and even then it will be remarked If It Is in the latest agony, for the most somber tailor mades are now dec­ orated with coat trimmings in rich eastern colors and fabrics, and. to be up to date, it must still hamper loco­ motion a good deal. In other words, despite a little tendency toward an effort at drapery, despite a side slash­ ing here and there, the walking skirt is still first cousin to the pillow case in point of narrowness. And yet how charming the new suits are with their cutaway coats, close, long sleevea and the absurd collars that go high up In the back and show a tremendous V of bare throat at the front! Taupe is a favorite color for them, and when a velvet or velveteen or corduroy Is used the color touch may be a very pale cerise or a blue' as flashing as a Jewel. Buttons for these abbreviated suitB--for they seem tight everywhere --are Immense, some introducing the trimming color, and some, on plain gowns, sharply contrasting. Concerning the woman who wlsheB to be stylish and yet not conspicuous, the smartness of plush offers her the very best possible solution of the problem of the needed fur set--for who can be properly dressed In win- or of broadtail plush, could be got up for fifteen dollars, while a mole set, which it very cleverly counterfeits, would cost a hundred dollars or a hun­ dred and fifty. MARY DEAN. PLEASES THE LITTLE ONES Ingenious Toy to Be Constructed Out of Otherwise Useless Odds and Ends of Materials. There are few among the little folks who do not take a great delight in "making things" and with some old corks, matches, pins and paper, a £QOd deal of pleasant amusement may j be derived. In the accompanying sketch will be seen a little chauffeur constructed .y/ 7 I!! ' a ' , WOMAN SICK TWELVE YEARS Wants Other Women to Knew How She W&* Fmmllf Restored to Health. Louisiana, Mo.:--"I^hink a woman nrtisrmb" 4ia!lkes to make her troubles known to the public, --it complete restor­ ation tohealth means much to me that I cjannot keep from telling mine for the HPke of other suffer- lug women. "I had been ride about twelve years, and had eleven doe- tors. I had drag­ ging down pa ins , pains at monthly periods, bilious spells, and "was getting worse all the time. I would hardly get over one spell when I would be sick again. No tongue can tell what I suffered from cramps, and at times I could hardly walk. The doctors said I might die at one of those times, but I took Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegeta­ ble Compound and got better right away. Tour valuable medicine is worth mors than mountains of gold to suffering wo­ men. "--Mrs. BERTHA MUFF, 608 N. 4th Street, Louisiana, Mo. Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com­ pound, made from native roots and herbs, contains no narcotic or harmful drugs, and to-day holds the record of being the most successful remedy for female ills we know of, and thousands of voluntary testimonials on file in the Pinkham laboratory at Lynn, Mass., seem to prove this fact. If yon want special advice write to Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co. (confi­ dential) Lynn, Mass. Your letter will he opened, read and answered by a toomm M nftrlef This handsome "set" Is of plush and marabout In the new shade of taupe called "eclipse." ter without a muff and neckpiece? And whether it is of a real fur or an imitation fur matters little now, for so far as dress materials go we are at the age of makebelieve. So if you are needing these cozy mufflings which give so charming a winter stamp to the plainest suit, go and look at the plush fabrics and cut the accessories according to the set In the Illustration. Here a plain seal plush Is used in a shade of taupe called "eclipse," one of the vaguer, more shadowy tones. The scarf of the set is straight and has bias ends, which last feature is matched by a bias trim of the flap of the pillow muff. The pillow style, by the way, is still eminently smart for muffs and nothing ts easier to make at home than suoh a muffling; in fact, fabric muffs are rarely in any other form. The edge of the set Is of marabout In the same shade of taupe, and de­ spite its delicacy this feather trim­ ming Is an admirable substitute for fur and wears very well. A set like this in similar fabrics, SAPPHIRE A POPULAR STONE Have at Least One Excellent Reason for the Marked Favor They Are at Present Enjoying. Sapphires are coming into favor again, the reason attributed to the revival being that the stone of azure hue is the only gem which cannot be imitated successfully and made to suffer from undue popularity. While imitation pearls, rubies and dlamouds can be manufactured to look exactly like the real thing, sapphires stand alone as the inimitable gem. According to a well known Jewel­ er, sapphires have not been really fashionable foi* years, although they are becoming to women of almost any colored hair. Sapphires bring out all the shades of color in blue-eyed women, and they can be worn with equally pleasing re­ sults by women with eyes in that in­ definite shade of gray which changes to blue in certain lights. A drawback, however, is the fact that sapphires cannot be worn with certain colors in dress. "" with the fm.ic.leB namert and which you will find quite easy to make. The body consists of a complete cork, and for It a well-shaped one should be selected. The head Is made from a slice cut from a second cork and joined to the body with a short por- tion of u matoh, and the face can be marked upon it with the black end of a burnt match. Diagram A shows the hat, which may be cut out in paper and fastened on to the top of the head with a drop of gum, and the peak afterwards bent downwards. For the arms, two whole matches are used, and they are se­ cured to the body with tiny pins run through the ends and into the cork. Diagram B illustrates this, and holes should be made for the pins with a fine needle before they are lnaerted, or the wood will split. The feet and legs are composed of two matches and two "slices" cut from a small cork. When It Is necessary to insert the ends of the matches into the cork, It will be found that they will go In easily if they have been cut into points, and to conclude with, the but­ tons on his coat can be indicated with the end of a burnt match, or small black-headed pins can be run into the cork, and In making the chauffeur, don't forget to employ used matches, not unused ones. TO MEND KNIT UNDERWEAR Crochet Needle, In Combination With Embroidery Frame, Will Be Found Most Effective. A crochet needle is a good thing to mend knit underwear with. To do this, place the worn portion In an embroid­ ery frame; then, with thread to suit the mesh of the garment, wool, silk or cotton, pick up the ends of the stitch­ es where they are broken off and unite them, working back and forth until the holes are filled in evenly and smoothly. Perhaps the neok of the un­ derwear has stretched In the washing until It is all out of shape; In that case run a drawstring around the neck, wet it and draw it into place; then when it Is dry it will be the prop­ er size. You may then crochet a neat beading in place of the one which has worn away; and If the buttonholes have worn out, rip off the old facing In the front and stltoh on In its place a new strip of sateen. Sew the old holes together as closely as you can to their original size and shape, then catch them down to the sateen and cut that to fit; then work the hole as you would if it were a new one. are relieved at once by an applica­ tion of Sloan's Liniment. Dont rub, just lay on lightly. '• Sloan's Liniment ha» done more good than anything I hare ever tried lor stiff joints. 1 got my band hurt so badly that I had to stop work right let the busiest time of the year. I thought: at first that 1 would nave to have my hand taken off, but I got a bottle of Sloan's Liniment and cured my hand." WIX.TOS Whsklkb, Morris, Ala. Good for Broken Sinews Q. G. JONES, Baldwin, L. L, writes : --"I used Sloaij's Liniment for broken sinews abeve the knee cap caused by a fail and to my great satisfaction waa able to ireaatue work in less than three weeks after the accident." i'tma Iter Sprain MB. HENRY A. Vo*m.. 84 Homer--* St., Ptainfleld, N. J., writes : -- " A friend sprained his ankle so badly that it went black. He laughed when I told him that 1 would have him out In a week. 1 applied Sloan's Liniment and in four days be was working and said Sloan's wee a rlgte yo-od JLial- ment." Price 25<u 80c., and $1.00 Sloan' s Book on borses, cattle, sheep and poultry sent free. Address Lace Insertion. When lace insertion is set cross­ wise in a thin skirt the weight of the cloth below soon causes it to tear. This may be remedied by putting a piece of net a little wider than the insertion back of it The net strength­ ens the insertion, but does not detract from its daintiness. Hair Ornaments Worn. Ornaments are always worn in the hair, and a narrow bandeau of velvet is still popular. A Paris house shows a narrow stiff band of blue velvet sewed with colored beads, from the center of which springs up a pea­ cock's feather in natural colors, a bizarre and striking ornament An­ other band of velvet is sewed with brilliants, and a white osprey rises in the maddle in a fashion that is both becoming and dignified. Tuck the Sleeves. Try my plan when making chil­ dren's dresses, says a contributor to Needlecraft: Cut the sleeves an inch or so longer than Is neoessary; then having finished them In any way de­ sired, run a tuck--or more than one, as fancied--midway between shoulder and elbow, making them the right length. It is an easy matter to rip out the tuck when the sleeves need length­ ening. as they are sure to do the sec­ ond season. Many a multi-millionaire would be all right if he eould only lose Us reputation. Stops dandruff and loss of hair FREQUENT shampoos with* ite^nol Soap stop scalp itching and dispel dandruff, thus promoting' scalp health pwH preventing loss of hair. In sevens ffMw of dandruff and falling hair, a little Resktol Ointment should be oc­ casionally massaged into the scalp. Bol£ by all druggUle (Se*p Ke, Otofl Be), or sent by mall on receipt of prioe fey If--Innl Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md. Comti|mlion Vanishes Forever Proaapi. Reliaf--Periiiiwuicsit Cm CARTER'S LITTLE LIVER PILLS never fail. Purely vegeta­ ble •-- act surely but gently on the fiver. Stop after dinner dis­ tress--cure indigestion. Improve the complexion, biigliten tticeyts. SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE. SMALL PRICE. Genuine must bear Signature CARTERS ITTLC FILLS. Cough Syrup. Tut'iM 4£*H>tiL. in. tlrii*. Hold by Druitsriftt* \