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A.‘ ASCIEST IEXICAX CITY. The boss. at Iaxunuun's Immen- churchts and Plaza. One of the most interesting cities_in Mexico. ye: least known to the outside world, is Querequitd of the stats » « of the same name. writes a correspondent of the New York Port. 1'. was founded by the Astra about the middle of the fifteenth contrary, and in 1531wsacun- t send by theSpaniards. under Fernando Tapia, a lieutenant of Cortes. it lies a little in the south of the centre of the republic, on this celebrath mess central (central tableâ€"land) of Mexico. Hum- boldt gives its elevation as 6,383 feet above the gulf, but modern engineers place it some three hundn-d feet lower. In 1053 Kirg Philip 1V. of Spain declar- ed it “a noble and loyal city." its pre- sent prpu’ati-vn is about 42,000. The old turn has hul more than its share of his- torical happeningi. ln 18l0. the mo- mentous year when the patriot. vriest of Dolores. Miguel liidalgo do Uostclla (the vaga \Vnfllllhgbln of Alexia.) struck the first blow for indrpendrnce, chcrtll stormy meetings were held here by re- volters from the Spanish rule. From this city, in Septuuber of the same year, went the opportune noticeâ€"sent to llldslgu and Allende by the wife of Collector Doiii3ngu zâ€"~which savul the Ullll’lllcd little army of pvtriuts from to'al exter- mination. Us May 1:0, tow, llh: treaty of [we was tatlllcd in Q ion-taro which closed the war wi'h (ll- L'v-i' 2d Starts. On the heights near the town the so-called battle (tl-irty against four hundred) was fought under Cul. “Helms. ll) 1567,’ while Msxuuilian was in command, the' City was hrsieged by the liberal aiiny,‘ under Gun. Escobcdo; when. throughl the treachery of (mo of his ( iliccrn, C. l. ' Miguel L pm, the UlllUltllllllU emperor Wu taken prisoner, and his furcrs sud-l FORElCrN NOTES. A Horse Census In Hussls-The North reaflsnerellnâ€"Thc} Established thurch In Scot'sud. bun, etc. The” i‘ mm" ‘lm‘fi‘Jn “f ‘1’ “new” " towns, but. in such placesas Frankfort-out know why it is that no fertilizer has ever tioual conference at the Hague, take measures against the sale of spiritulius liquors w the North Sea. fishermen, and importation of the whole year is believed , to exceed 45,000. ' to remedy the evil by instituting an ex- ; port tax of 50 gold rubles on every horse ; the value of which is under 300 rubles. l it is a curious fact. that the centres of f German colonial policy do not, as might ' be expected, lie in the large seapor- the-Main, Dusseldorf, and Bremen, each ~ of which lies at least twelve hours by . rail from the nearest north German port. especially against the vessels following Frankfort, especially‘i‘ a centre where them out to sea in older to sell spirits. ' lfor some years past the colonization ina- lt appears all bill: certain, 38)! been very strong. The Deutscber "Vii-trim“ [let-few, that 511'. GlacstonelKolonmlvercin, founded at, the end of Will, if spared. make an effort to diseatab- lish the church of Scotland. lie owes too much to the dissenters of Scott- land to refuse to lead an attack upon the church, and if the result oijthe next general election be toretuin a liberal governnn-nt to power' there is no dotibtone of their early measures will be one for the destruction of the Scottish church. 0 The series of field operations which the 17th French army corps is shortly to denly tUrH'Hdel’cd ‘0 the WIIUUiCMII- go through is based upon a reminiscence Then, as all the world knowa, Maximilian was tried before a wurcmarual, and son- touccd to be shot in Querctsro Persist- ent but unavailing efforts were made to save his life. The Princess Salm-Salm rode to San Luis Potosi (the s at of the republican government, 160 miles dis- tant), and upon her knees, before the plebeisn President Juarez, besought par- don for tho royal adventurer from Mira- mar. The government of the United S'stes was appealed to in vain. None of the European potentates ventured to in- terfere; and Maximilianâ€"with his com- rades in arms, Gena. Mirsmon and Mejia â€"wss shot on June 19, 1867. His body was afterward taken to Vienna for inter- ment, and not long since three plain slabs of dark-red stone were erected on El Corro de las Campansa over tho exact spot where the trio fell. Like all Mexican towns, Queretaro con- tains innumerablo churches and plazas Among the latter, perhaps the most beau- tiful is one in the centre of the city befors the church of Santa Clara, with broad- leaved banana trees surrounding the an- tique fountain, and its quaint old monu- ment, erected to the memory of the Mar- quis do Villas del Aquila, aforiuer patron of the place. Not less delightful is the Alamcdoâ€"s rk of many acres, which is the more delightful because apparently uncared for. Its dedly shaped bunches of pink-tinted adobe, set among weeds and wildflowers, woo the passer-by. Alor‘g its circular drives, under ancient. trovca or ssh trees, the aristocracy of the o d town, in theirslumsy gorgeous cquipages, are wont to air themselvess at. the sunset hour, while in the leafy shadows lovers are al- ways straying. The market. places are even mOro picturesque and interesting than the more romantic breathingplacos. In them a crowd of buyers and sellers are constantly vociferating in soft-vowelled Spanish their wares, spread upon the ground, under huge umbrella-like shade of canvas or woven straw. Among the most. noteworthy of the numerous sanctuaries in Quereturo are the cathedral do San Francisco and the churches of San Augustin, Santa Doiuin~ go, Santa Clara, El Carmen do la Cruz, and Santa. Rosa. The, finest. is Santa Clara, with its oquisito carvings in gilded wood, and tho convent attached, which in other days was one of the richest and most arlsti cratic in all Catholic Mexico. To his by far the more interesting is the tumble-down ruins of El Carmen do In Cruz,withmousstoryadjoining. Cl‘licwiuds and ruins of 360 years have almost efl‘med the inscription upon the great granite cross which is set in the pavement before the monastery door and all the stones surouuding it have been worn hollow by knees of gunl‘rations of worshippers. Lingering in this now deserted spot, one can fancy the procession of cowled monks of tho ordor called Padres Cslnilos, each with his lighted candle, filling out from under the gloomy arches in solemn pro- csssiou, chanting as they go, to perform their svsning devotiqu around La Cruz dol Carmen. Against the protests of our ide, we entered the dark and crumb- fi‘iig cloistors, stumbling our broken paveman into the niouldy cells where pious men spent weary livcsiu a persist~ ent effort to win heaven. On the walls of some of the corridors largo paintings are still to be seen~rcpres.~ntuti.»us of the sufferings of Christ, and tho Virgin in the various phases of her glory, intrr- parsed with saints c. uwmplatiuiz griunu‘g skulls or enduring horrible martyrdom, whose austoro examples the Padres Cam- ilos endeavored to emulato. D d-. M_â€"-â€"â€"â€"-â€"- What she was Looking For. A young married man Worrios the life half out of his wile by quoting for her benefit all sorts of maxims, sdagcs, mo - was, and so on. Thu other day she was sitting by him and playfully slipping her hand into his vest pocket. "What arc you sitar, dearl" he asked. “Oh, a nickel or adimo or a dollar ; i don't care which," she replied. “That's good ; you don’t expect to find bristh on s goow, do you dcarl ' "Of course not, darling; i wasn‘t ook~ i for bristles." “glut smtlcd up at him so significantly that he didn't tluow off another proverb for a week. A Grstrful Fro: A mimij-iident writes to .-\'lllu:r . “ Last night 1 rescucd a to g from the Clans of a on, and, to my great su'pnss, it turned. and, after gazing at run for a few seconds. jumped slightly toward mo. halting alter rsch lap and looking up in to my law. it thus gradually sppri sch. of the events of the peninsular War in 181-1. The Pl'uVulllllg idea of the opera- tious is a plan to meet a march similar to th ,rillc'cll by Wellington from Spain into Franceâ€"Snub, no longer able to de- fend the li..o of the Adour, falls bacK upon the basin of thr- Garoi-ne, so as to threaten the right. flank of the English army marching upon Bordeaux. The ingenuous metlu-d adt ptcd by Russian military authozitics by instruct- ing the rank aLd file in the art of shoot.- ing by furnishing them with handker- chisfs on which the construction of the rifle and its use are explained has been carriul a 519p further. The pocket-hand. kercbiof is now being used to familiarize Russians with the history of their heroes. According to a Warsaw paper, a Moscow firm has just manufactured a number of handkerchiefs on which are depicted the chief incidents in the life of General Skobelefi'. Among the interesting exhibitions pro- mised for the year 1885, that of Russian historical furniture which is to be held at Petersburg will be much appreciated by snthuarians and artists. The primitive chairs and tables of the_ancient Slavs, as well as the costly furniture which at pre- sent adorns the residences of the rich,aud the bright colored deal goods in the mou» jik's cottage, will be exhibited, and ap- peals are at present being made to fumi- p ture dealers and others possessing antique furniture to send their goods to the com- mittco. The Paris police are making vigorous efforts to put down betting-houses, and the other day three bookmakers were fined various amounts by the tribunal of the Seine. The reason given by the pre- sident for the conviction of the offenders arelsomewhat curious. Betting-houses, he remarked, must be governed by the same law as gaming-houses; “because the majority of the public who frequent these places are not competent to form oration- al opinion as to the relative prospects of tho horses, and, therefore, betting is a game of chance." M. Cambon, the French prefect of the Nord, has ,just. published a degree pro- hibiting tho exhibition of deformed or fat children at fair: and other public places. “Considering,” says M. Cumbon “that it is the custom to exhibit deform- ed or extraordinarily fat children at all seasons at. public shows and fairs; and considering that those who thus exhibit children might be tempted to develop these iuf‘iiunties in order to gain a. living thereby :cousideriug also thatthis exploit- tation of children is immoral from every point of view, it is prohibited.” The Auguste Comte anniversary was celebrated recently oil the 24th Guten- berg in tho I’oaitivist calendar, by the Paris disciples of the great philosopher. Ono of the features of the celebration was a visit to tho cemetery of Pure La Chaise, to place a wreath upon his tomb. The monument of Augusto Comte, which stands just to the right of that of Cusimir l‘erier, is ofa very simple character. It bears the inscription “L amour pour in- cipe, l'orde pour base, I: progrcs pour ut." On each side of the tomb is a green-paint- ed bench, which is seldom unoccupied. Mr. T. Brough, a farmer, died recently at bcnham Park, Seaham Harbor, aged 100 years. He was born in 1784, and for the past thirteen years has been bed- ridden. Up to twelve months ago his memory was good, and he could talk of events which came _undcr his observation during the closing year of the last. centu- ry. According to the France, there is a woman living at St. Just-do-Claix, in the dopartmont of Isoro, who was born in 1761, so that she is now in her 124th car. Her name is Marta Girard, nee Durand. She was married in 1770 at St. Just, and had two children, one of whom died a few years ago aged 87. If tho war between France and China continues for any great length of time it is likely to bcComo extremely unpopular with the French ladies. It. is certain that the continuance of hostilities will have the ulfcct of materially increasing the cost of ouo still important accessory to tho French fcnislo toiletâ€"the chignou. The importation of hair forms quite an important branch of French commerce. Thu ll’llotlllf. imported in 1862 was nuaer 150,000 pounds ; it had risen toovcr 13.50,- 000m 1533. It is stated that by far the larger portion of it comes from the thick- . ly peopled provinces of tho Celestial om- .pire. A war which throatens to send up the price of tea, silk and false hair all at once is not likely to be popular with l French women, and the more bellicose ' Icmtoll and deputies may find it difficult to resist the pres-suns which their wives and daughters arc capable of bringing to “in "1d 1“ “’0‘” “W 0' "3"“ “mm” bear upon them in the internals of pace. had actually climbed upon otro of my fact. most reuwktblr. and would not possib. be misuudzruoud." on... - Ingenious idea It is tuld of it man 111 Connecticut who the great and increasing exportation of \ through life, the following ’ through a ' horses to foreign countries, the annual . sen‘sblo : Nearly druin sewn-l feet below tho surf-cs of tbol number of which, previous to 1878 first year, 53,000 the second year, 28,“)0 "up, however cleu- of sued. the gurfwe I withdrawn from quite a depth in his head wants! to pm a water pips} nd, Ilthuut digging up the drain 0 ummpluh it he tied a string 10 a drain, and giving a terrific "scat," the feline quickly appeared at the other end: the pipe was drawn through the drain by means of tho lino, thus saving consider abloaxpsnso. A horse census has been held in Russia. . .. - tecli nwas. _ l ' mm” “Pr”! 1 r P 0 fl . l with the ruult that there were in the 63 i provinces of Euro Russia 19,074,723 loom-s, of which nearly 6,000,000 were ;iu the military circle of Kazan. Con- 1882, numbered 2,400 members only a twelvemonth later, and has now branche in all principal towns in South Germany. All these associations, however, have done little else than draw up pompous programmes and make a good deal of noise. the only exception being the Ber- lin Central Society (for the development of German interests abroad) which is chiefly occupied with commercial ques- tions. The Dominican order in Austria-Hun- gary is divided into three provinces-~the Galician, Dalmatian, and the so-called Austro-Hungarian province, The last- named province has during the last thirty years gradually introduced the original strict rules of the order, which all houses with the exception of one in Prague now :bserve. T be prior of Gratz, Father Thomas Auschul, an Italian, and an ad- vocate of the strictest rule, was recently directed by the general of the order to visit the Gslician province, which livrs according to a mildur rule, and the result of the visitation was that the Dominicans of Gulicia were c died upon to observe the stricter or true Dominican rule. This ad- monition has met. with resistance, and the resignation of the prior is spoken of. it is believed, howover, that, as in the Austro-Hungarian province, so in Gali- cia, the stricter rule may with discretion be gradually introduced. Application has been made in London to Mr. Justice \Vills, vacation judge, in a case of Kitson vs. the Duke of Newcastle, for the appointment of a testamentary guardian of the infant Duke of Newcastle. Mrs. Hope, his matemsl grandmother, who died a few months ago, was resident in France. and by her will she constituted the infant Duke of Newcastle universal legstoo of all her property. According to the law of France, that. was prima facie not good, but the proper course to be ursucd was to apply to the courts of the country to be let into possession, and if other parties interested had no objection, the courts would make such an order. It was necessary, however, before the ap- plication could b.) made that a testamen- tary guardian to 'the Duke should be appoints-(l by the English courts. Under these civcmustanccs it was asked that tho Duke of Hamilton should be so appoint- ed. Mr. Justice Wills granted the appli- cation. llis (‘iuupnlgn Ended. About. 10 o'clock one night the tele- graph operator in the Timl-s editorial room was receiving over their special wires the United Press report of the opening of the republican campaign at Burlington, Vt. Among the other papers in the same cir- cuit receiving the message simultaneous- ly by the same wire was the Petersburg lnder-Appexl. The message ticked out. at a slow and steady pace, which seemed to add dignity to the names of the pro- minent orators present. The operator in The Index-Appeal office had said to the sending operator in New York at the beginning: “ Not feeling very well to-nightâ€"bson spitting bloodâ€"take it easy.” New York was sending slowly. T-h-e o-x-e-r-c-i-s-e-s w-e-r-e h-e-l-d l-n t-h-o c-i-t-y h-a-l-l, w-h-t-c-h w-a-s d-e-n- s-c-l-y c r-o-w-d-c-d. A-d-d’r-e-s-s-e-s w-e-r-e mad-o b-y C-o-n-g-r-e-s-s m-a-n H-o-r-r-o-f M-i-c-h-i-g-a-n, S-t-e-w-a-r-t o-f V-e-r-m-o-n-t, a-n~d F-r-o-st o-f M-a-i-n-e. S-e-n-a-t-o-r E-d~m-u-n-d-s p-r-o-s-iâ€"d-e-d. T-h-c f-o-l-l-o-w-i-nâ€"g i-s .i v-o-r-b-a-t-i-m r-o-p-o-r-t o-f h-i-s a-d- d-r-e-s-s : Suddenly from The Index-Appeal : “ Bk -â€"â€"Bkâ€"â€"â€"Bkâ€"â€"-â€"â€",” and left his key open, interrupting the message. New York had to stop sending. Washington cut the repeaters, and the different oflices gossipod with each other over the wires exchanging guesses as to what was the mat:er with Petersburg. Ten minutes passed. They began to call Petersburg hard names. Fifteen minutes, New York was beginning to get impatient, and was just about to cut Petersburg out and con- tinue the report to the other papers, when the interfering key was suddenly closed. \Vashingwn put the repeater through, and then this from the Index- Appcal : “Cummlns, regular press operator, just died. flcmmorrhago. I'm his sub. Go ahead address." And Senator lilmunds'speech went on, while the body of Ned Cummius, the great campaign ended for him, was carried out. â€".â€"‘ W eather Forecasts. It has been proposed! i xi 3 WAGRIGULTURI'AL. Fertlllzer vs. ,llfunure. One who has made several experiment in the use of different kinds of commer cial fertilizers, among them some of the most popular brands in market, wants to brought him as good crops as he gets from the use of animal manures. He even goes so far as to affirm that he has rarely received any more value in crop than the cost of fertilizer applied. Now we are unable to answerthese questions with any degree of certainty. We know that thous- ands and thousands of farmers scattered i 13 no good reason why calves should not over nearly the whole of this country, are Using commercial fertilizers to a greater or less extent, with results that are so satisfactory that their use is continued and increased from year to year. \Ve know that upon our own farm, fertilizers were applied exclusively, upon those por- tions which were most remote from the source of supply of stable manure. A five acre corn field was manurcd six years in succession with commercial man- urcs, and brought as large crops as other portions of the farm upon which stable manures were appicd. We know too, that stable manure hauled and spread up- on these outlying acres would huve cost us more per acre than did the commercial fertilizers. We do not say that our in- quirer used the fertilizer too sparingly, for we are not informed how much was up plied per acre, but we do say that. so far as we have observed, those who use for- tilizer in place of animal manure have, in the majority of cases, used a far greater value of the latter than of the former per acre, and so have not given the fertilizers a fair trial. \Ve believe the fertilizer manufacturers have been somewhat at fault in this matter by claiming more for their goods than experience would war- rant. Farmers have been afraid to buy and apply fertilizers as liberally as they apply stable manure from their own yards and the manufacturers have claimed that a less amount of fertilizer in value is re- quired than of stable manure to bring equally heavy crops. To a farmer who has been unsuccessful in the use 0 fertilizersflwo should say. do not use tb emlonger upon a large scale, but experiment in a small Why and en- deavor to learn why it is that your ex- perience differs so widely from the exper- ience of many others. Lands are not all alike in character, neither are fertilizers all alike, yet. there are standard brands that can be depended upon for both uni- formity and high value. Our own most successful experiments were made upon lands that were heavily fertilized and fre- quently and heavily cropped. In the river v lleys of New kork State, and in Ohio, wh i the land is quite diff- erent from inuo 4 ‘vllg‘hill land in New England we f6“- F during our recent trip that, an applifi’i _“‘ from 200 to 400 pounds of I 17’ 432,; r. _ sure is considered a on ’ gassing for almost any crop. ‘..heat, or . her small grains receiving a heavier dressing, are likely to lodge before the grain matures, and thus the yield is reduced. Ws never feared to use from six to eight hundred pounds per acre for any crop, nor to double it when two crops were grown on the same land in a single year. Nor were we afraid to use a ton per acre, when bone was the principal ingredient in the fertilizer, for we believe that what the plants failed to get the first year would be taken by other crops in after years, and with no loss ex- cept from the interest on the investment. We believe in a. fat soil, whether made so ty the use of animal manures or by for- tilizers. Our irquirer has a small farm, all situated convenient to the farm build- ings. lie keeps a dairy and buys grain largely, and it. is not impossible that he can buy fertilizers, in the form of grain to feed, cheaper than in any other form.â€" N. E. Farmer. Stirring the Soil Deeply. The advantage to growing crops derived from stirring the soildeeply, is notgencral- ly appreciated or realized. Very seldom is any attempt made to stir the soil deeply. Nearly all tho work of cultivation is limit- ed to the superficial portion of the soil, merely to ensure the destruction of weeds. If farmers would endeavor to stir the soil thoroughly, and frequently, during the growing season, between the rows of corn and vegetables, they would greatly in- crease the yields. If grains were sown in rows, so as to admit of stirring the soil frequently between the rows, great bene- fit would be derived thereby. “Besides preparatory tillage of the soil boforo sow- ing the seed,” writes Rham, “there is a great advantage in the stirring of it as the plants are growing. On this depends all the merit of the new culture for every kind of plant, especially those which have esculcnt roots or extensive foliage, and which are chiefly cultivated for tho sus- tenance of cattle. The effect of deep till- age is here most remarkable. If rows of turnips or cabbages be sown at such a distance that a small plough or other stir- ring implement cnn be used between them, and the intervals be stirred more or less, and at different depths. it will be It mom“ ‘0 1” "Him-’1‘“! by mew“: found that the deeper and more frequent ologists, says a writer in the Journal a} Scimce, that when a season has taken a decided character, whether as wet or dry, the ordinary indications of change seem to lose their moaning. in 1879 all signs of falr weather, drawn from the appear- ancu of tho clouds, the action of birds and insects, etc, were quite misleading. And in the present season I have more than once soon the commonly accepted signs of rain go for nothing. The sky may become gradually overcast, with dark ragged masses of undurscud ; there may be a "hollow and sbiustering wind," swallows may fly low, slutfs come out in numbers,bubb2ea of gas rise from ditches, etc, but the weather remains , or at the moat them is a slight shower. Interesting Figures - A statistician, Dr. Farr, we believe it was, recently the tills-vc. and until the foliage cavers the whole interval, or the bulbs swell to a great size, the heavier and more abun- dant the produce will be. It is w ed. while to try the experiment. Sow Sw ish turnips or maugel wurzcl in rows thrcc foot apart; let some of the rows be more- ly kept clear of weeds by surface hoeing, and the plants be thinned out to the dis- tance of a foot apart; let other intervals be stirred to different depths; some three inches, some six inches, and some nine , inches, or more. The result will be that ‘the first rows will appear to have been much too far from each other, not half the ground being covered with the foliage of the plants; the others will be covered more and more as the tillage has been deeper, and the last will completely ,cover the whole interval. The roots, or ibulbs will be in exact. proportion to the "1!“ film if one could richness of the foliage, and the yield ofxlng 615 grains. was blown into the brain : sldershle complaints have been made my watch the march of 1,000,000 people ‘ the deeply Lined ,0" win {at exceed a,“ i from 6,000 to 10,1700, but never exceeded the lstts r. After that period, however, a in 1379. to 244130 in 1880, to 32,540 in last. and in 1882 to 35,269. 1 number exportul last year up to Sop. 1 was 35,210, as against 29,000 in th As the 0 cor- responding portal of thsyoar before, tho i the thin! you, and loss than 4,000 in the : thirteenth. l at end of eighty years, 97,“)0; at l 3' £108 years than will be one survivor. would be oh- i lcighty-fivs, 31,000 ; and at ninety-five- ears them would be 253; at the and of with some men doesn't pay. The “penny well as over. ,. f any of the others, while the first will, 150.000 'Ould die 1-1" , by comparison, appear a War and scanty ‘ of bone, and a piece of his felt hat were: :may have been kept." At the cod of forty-fivel cat‘s log, thrust bar into one end of tho 1 rapid rise took place, mounting to 19,0(13‘ your: 500.0(1) have died. At the end of’ 'sixx years 370,000 would be still living; a , va Parmfsg Doesn‘t Pay. There are several rasons why farming i wise and pound foolish" system of breed‘ ing from scrub stock doesn't pay. It costs . nearly or quite as much to raise a pair of “scrub steers, which when four years old will girl. only about six feet, as it docs to ’rsise a thrifty piir of shorthorns or Here- ford grades, which at the same age will measure seven feet or more, and sell for nearly twice as much. The starving method of feeding farm stock doesn't pay. Many farmers feed their calves just en- ough to keep them alive, so that when a year old they are not larger than they. might. have been at four months, and are ', very much thinner than they should ' have been at that age. Large, thrifty ; calves can be raised on skim milk even, I if fed with a sufficient quantity, and there be so well fed as to keep growing thrifty: all the time. At no other time in the life ’ of the animal can flesh be laidonso cheap- ly as while if. is young, and unless well, fed then, the animal will become stunted, ' and no subsequent good feeding will so- cure the full devclopmont which might have been attained by feeding well while young. Keeping cows which yield a small quantity of milk of poorqualitydoes not pay. It is simply a waste of fodder to feed such animals. Old cows which have outlived their usefulness are equally un- profitable. Buying hay doesn’t pay. Some farmers, either from carelessness or want of judgment, keep more stock than they have fodder for, and along towards spring find that they must either buy hay or sell stock at a sacrifice. The profits on feeding ordinary farm stock are not. sufli- cicnt to repay the outlay, where much hay is purchased for feeding. It is better to be on the safe side in proportiouing the stock to the hay, even if a. few tom of hay are left over in the spring. It is better to summer over hay than to buy hay. These are :1ch of the reasons why farming doesn't pay on some farms, and they are about being remedied. A poultry raiser says that short. eggs produce lien chickens and long eggs pro- duce cocks. A BALLOONING CENTURY. Coloration In Louis on of the First Balloon Ascent in England. The centenary of ballooning in England has been celebrated at London, and the occasion had a special significance in the view of the hope presented by the recent experiments made by M. Renard, in France, that the problem of aerial navi- gation is nearing solution. The event celebrated was the ascension made from the artillery groundnear Finsbury-square September 15, 1785, by Vincent Lunardi, tke secretary of the Neapolitan ambassa- dor. This was not the first; ascent made in Great. Britain. J. Tytlcr, who was virtually the editor of the second edition of the "Encyclopicdin Britannica,” took a brief trip in n Montgolficr hot-sir bal- loon from Edinburgh August 27, 1784: but the occasion was little noticed, and his claims were not fully recognized until 54 years later. Lunardi’s achievement on the other hand, attracted wido attention and aroused enormous enthusiasm. Lun- ardi employed hydrogen gas, and his bal- loon was scarcely ten feet; in diameter, and its car was furnished with two oars, which were expected to govern the courso. One of these fell to the ground,and fright- ened a young woman to death, who be- lieved that the aoronaut was dropping ; but, on the other hand, it is said that the ascension saved the life of a young man who was on trial for murder, the jury hastily returning a verdict of not guilty in order to witness the strange sight, in the heavens. K'ng George, too, broke up a Cabinet meeting for the same pur- pose. But. England can claim very little credit in the matter. The English people had shown great apathy and even riotous antipathy to ballooning,and five weeks be- fore Lunardi's ascent had torn a French- man's fire-balloon to shreds at Chelsea. Nor could Lunardl at the last. find an Englishman to accompany him, and his companions wero a dog, a cat, and :1 pi- geon. This was the beginning of 8.0le travel in England, though it was over 15 months after the memorable June day at. Annonay, France, when the Montgolfiors sent up their linen globe, through tho buoyancy of smoke as they thou thought. M. Charles, professor of natural philoso- phy at Paris, had sent up a balloon filled with hydrogen gas 14 months before, or on August 27, 1783 ; and very many as- ccnts had been made in France before Lunardi's achievement, the first having been made in a captive Montgolfier, Oc- tober 15, 1783, by Frangois Pilatcr do Rozier, a young naturalist. Even Amer- ica, though but just emerged from the exhausting struggle for national life, an- tcdatcs England in aerial experiments. Messrs. Rittcnhouse and Hopkins, of the Philosophical Academy of Philadelphia, carried on researches nearly simultaneous- ly with the Montgolficrs, and soon after the receipt of the news of the French ex- periments they hired a carpenter named James Wilcox to ascend in amachinc con- sisting of 47 hydrogen gas balloons attach- ed to a car. Wilcox remained in the air about ten minutes, when through fear of dropping into the river he out several of the balloons with his knife. The longest balloon voyage ever made is also to be placed to the credit of the United Statesâ€" ono of 1,150 miles from St. Louis to Ilen- dorson, N. Y., made by John Wise and three companions in J uly, 1850, at an average speed of nearly a mile a minute. England, on the other hand, can claim the highest ascent-seven miles, made from Wolverhampton in Septmnbcr, l 802, by Messrs. Glaishcr and Cochll for scientific purposes. But except for tho i introduction of coal gas in 12327, balloon- ing remains pretty much where Prof. Charles left it, unless indeed the new claims of M. Renard, of which much is now being saidin Franco, shall prove war- mntcd by the facts. Remarkable Surgical Operation.) ' By the explosion of a gun last April an- : iron breech pin, 11} inches long and weigh- 'of Emerson McCoin of Muncio, lnd.l g'I'hishoavy piece of iron, several pieccsi l iand without trepanning, by making an ’opening in the frontal bone, through 'which half a teas mnful of brains oozed. | EThe wound has healed and the patient; Experiences no inconvenience, except from the hot rays able. FRANCE AND GERMANY COMPARED. Figures that Xswcnto the Tends t cut the Two Nations. M. 1‘.iul Leroy-Beaulieu has recently made an interesting comparison between the industrial population of Franco and Germany, takiugus it text the "Resultats statistiqucs du denombrcmcnt dclSSl"f.-r the former country, and tho “Statischcs Jahrbruch fur dss Deutschc Reich" for the latter. On tlie5th of .1 one, 1852 \tllt‘ date of the “Jahrbuch"), the population of the German Empire was 45,222,113, while that of the French Republic (11cc. 7,1881,).vus 37,002,048. G ornintiv,tht~rc- fore, being about seven and a luilf mill- ions to the good, and that. at it faster inâ€" creasing ratio thau France, seeing tllzlt the excess of births over tlcuths in 185:. was 425,000 in the one country and oulv 100,000 or so in the other. While lie-Mini,v in mind that Germany is givcn to “nigh:- tion, and France to immigration, the, former population may bu said to iiicrciisc at the rate of 350,000 per aiiiiiim, and of the latter at the rate of 150,000. EllCll decade sees some two million people more in the German proportion ill.lll in tho French, so that by the film: we reach the year 1000 the excess will be close up- on 11,500,000. A comparison of tlic ocâ€" cupations of thetwo countries shows some striking differences, owing to the habits and temperaments of the different nil- tions, although itis diflicult to arrive at u strict classification, because in Franco, more than in most countries, persons urt- often found figuring in two or thrco cup- acities. It often happens, for instance, that a land-owner in the country (sud ic~ turned as such) is a lawyer in the city, whilo in the lower strata of society it “'00- var is as often its not iui agricultural lzi- borer wlicn textiles are slack, and many a house domestic helps his cufploycr in the fields or in his oilicc, being by turns a servant, ii farm bailiff. or a clerk. These however, are difliculzics incidental to all census returns, iiiorcor loss. The number of those who live by farming or forcstr)‘ in Germany, including women and child- ren, is 10,225,455, the some great class in France, representing 18,240,200 ; to very great diflerenco when we considcr the relative similarity of surfuco, which in Germany is 540,000 square kilometers and in France 528,000, though the differ- enco becomes considerable when we take into account 7,500 000 extra population; On the other hand the dill'croncc is lessâ€" ened by the fact that children are much more abundant in Germany than in France. If. is, however, when we con- sider tha manual industries that the greatest difference appears. Mining, building, and handicraft. truch generally employ 10,058,080 persons in Germany, while in France all industries (yrumlv's «I petites) put together givo occupation to only 0,424,100. and this undoubtmlly gives the keynote to the greater :icti\ity andzdcvelopmont of the life of the pcoplu in the German Empire. Commerce and the carrying trade, including shipping, railways, and hotelâ€"keeping, employ 4, 531,080 individuals in Germany, :i:.(l in this respect it is outstripped Ly Franco, notwithstanding that the railway milcugo is less, and that the Gcrmunsuro uoti ri- omily tho grantcr travellers of tho two. The army, navy, goudnrmorie, and polit'u comprise iii Franco 432,171 the addition of the wives and families bringing the number up to 552,851. In Corninny tho army alone numbers 451,825, or, with the families, 542,282. The numer of functionaries and officials, together with the profossimls, arc in the latter country 570,422, and in this respect; again li'rnncc heads the list with 080,000. Gcriuuny contains 1,022,223 persons without it pro- fcssion, and this army is reinforced by women and children bringing it up to 1,- 008,309, in addition to which :i class con- sisting of those preparing for work, such as students and apprentices, number 1:27. 000, while there are also 038,214 which include housekeepers, day servants, mill the like. Franco has only 747,083 actu- ally without a profession, but has 2,121,- 173 living on their menus, which is tanta- mount to the same thing : and them is n small batch of 101,310.of p (JCSNSlU/l’lfill' comma, which, if all the secrets Wore known, would form -u remarkable EL'l‘lt‘ll of revelations. The number of 111034! who live on their means (1‘071 rigr‘rncm l'ri’llm'll- cu) in Germany is placed of. 1,503,123, which is very considerably loss than tho French contigenf, and tells in fuvuur of the Germans, as possessing loss idlo once; in a household. Domestic scrvim: in France employs 2,557,200 of whom from 130,000 to 180,000 wmild be personal sur- vants, whilc 105,404 men and wow women are returned as uttcnilru'x in l...- tcls and rcstumuufs. The doinlxuit: clam in Germany is only 1,324,024. 'l‘ho no. cupatious depending upon eating, drink. ing, and lodging comprise 1,101,500 in dividuuls in France, as against 7.70”; 17 in Germany, a fact which will be putt-Ill. to those who are acquainted with tho, {\ru countries and know the different (lrgrw'h of estimation in which the nr’. alul gram... of living are held. -.v....â€".s4.w--.0 - ~ The King of Italy’s llvrolsm. “ At l’ordctiouc they rujoicc, :tt. Naples thcydic. IgotoNaph-s." Such wmtliotcl.» graphic answer of the King to tho inhabi- tants of I’ordenouo bcgging his priming: at. their races, and he cumu, and was to- ccivcd with an ovation. 11in imp! sailfis- to describe tho enthusiasm of those im~ ’ flirt“ pulsivc southerncra~pulp-rs, blaming-g and tears met. his Majesty not otherwise than bent gratefully for lhu, scllasscritico which 1.11.5 itupcilwl him to onetiuntcr so much dang: r. and to witnch such deplorable distress. the same from day to day, and to rcpt-at them would be useless and to» painful. There is, however something: that. is choosing in the midst of all the darkness, and that in tho abiicgatiou of the King, of those who accompany him, Hill! of all the local authorities, and of those whose duty it is to assist the suffering. first visit of his Majesty, after a short ro- pose, was to the Hospital of the Canoe. chis. " I wish to see all," he said, when someone interposed to prevent. his mount. E ing to the upper story. The Archbishop, whose visits to the hospital have been daily, was already there to receive tho King, and accompanied his Majesty in every direction. .â€" .â€" ¢w_.’~- w--.â€" ltls stated that the l'nitcd Suit-s de- partmen‘. of justice will begin the prose- of the sun, and is as cation of civil suits against the Star, The case is most remark- Route ring contractors within a few. weeks. “litrctfi'rf' lrl‘l appeared, and oven the Col-lest liczri". c..n- , 'I'm: (lu‘a‘iiln are} The m DYING ABOVE THE (31.011118. 1 ’ A new York our. Fatal Ascent sins-n Pmk. Colorado. 5 Carrie .1. \\'.-ltou, a wealthy young . Luiy .‘n in New York city, was frozen to lath while making the ascent of Long's " :lk recently. Luig's l‘cak has an alti- ‘. . of l-l.-:3t‘- foot, and is one of the high- ! \ mountains in Colorado, and one of tho 1 most diilicult of ascent. lts summit, i which towers above tho clouds, is covered ‘ with snow during the amine summer, and “bile it is the Lost travelled by tourists of any of the high Colorado pinks, its ascent _ :zss novor l‘ccu considered dangerous in tho ploasan: summerand fallmotiths. Tho " l mountain is a: the head of Estesl‘ark, one ' l f tl‘n most fmliionable summer resorts in the llockv Mountains. .‘liss \Ycltou has boon sumiiicririg in Colorado. and two weeks ago took no hot .iusidencc in little l‘ark, stopping at ono . of the principal hotels, lit-r friends, among them Mrs. \Yurrcu of New York, romain- in; a: t‘o‘orudo Springs, where the whole inlrzy had spent several weeks previous. Miss We ton spout much of her time in horseback riding and visiting the sur rounding points of interest in tho mouu~ mine. She rc3ulvcd on making the u- cczit of Long's l‘cnk, which stood rs a huge scxllitlul at tho head (i tho park, uinl f.-r this purpose act out on Monday his: oiiliorscbuck. St‘thl miles away, at the for»: of tlic llullk, \vusu cubiu occupied by :i l‘.‘\llCllllli\ll named Lamb and his wife and son. llcrc Miss Wolton remained for tho, night, first having engaged the [surviccs of Czlrlisle Lamb, the son, aged 1‘), to not. its her esc m and guide to tho pcuk, ho having acted in that capacity to tourists on several occasions. Next morning at sunrise Miss Walton and young Limb, seated on sure-footud bronchus. wcro \vcndingthuir way up tho narrow and iincvcii trail leading to the summit. The wuuthcr was warm and pleasant, :ind them was no forebodings that. :i dulightful trip :ibovo the clouds was not. boforo tlicin. lt funk livo hours to make the first son-n miles, so dillicult was the trail. This brought them to tho timber line, and tho snow hud than becomo so deep and the full so obscured that it was decided to hitch tho bombs and proceed up tho mountain on foot, 118 the banks of iauow \vould bcur tho \voights of men, \‘vhilo the horses would break through. The air at thisultitudu was getting chilly, and tho clouds Woro just ubovo tlicm. \Vruppiug thciusolvos in heavy clothing llicy Ill'tlUf‘CdL‘d on foot. The distance to the summit wns about. fourmilcs, andtliis :taccut was niudo after much tedious delay undlizird work, the top of tho liliick punk being reached at about. four o'clock in the afternoon. 'l‘hoir stay at tho peak was not of long duration. A heavy storm had in tho mosutimo sot in below them, and 'i‘ili: ll.\l‘.l{ otovns \vnnn lll‘llNl‘v Tunnmn .\l:01"l‘ in frightful confusion. From tho rolling and tumbling of the huge banks of clouds, us soon from ill)0\'0 tho guide know that flu and his fair companion had it risky do- sccnt before them. Miss Wilton, who had insisted on go- ing to the summit, when the guide advised u. i‘ofrcut, was now thoroughly frightened ut the prospect of spending ll night on the mountain and in a raging snow storm. if. was about. five o'clock when the return journcy was started. 'l‘licy had not pro- cccdoll fur when the heavy storm cloud lifted, and the travellers foiiiillllicliiscchs in the midst. of ii blinding snowstorm, tho heaviest, tho guido 313's, he ever saw in tho mountains. Maris \Yolton began to cotnplalln of buing ‘vcatriml, and iiftor hav- ing :ruvcllod twu iuilcuzind is half from the summit slio cmuplctcly gave out. Before this film hurl llculi aided down tho trail by tho giiido who did all in his power to 0.8- sist lu-i'. \‘Vln n exhaustion ()\'Ul‘C.’11110 her the guide made an uttuuipl. to carry her (lown tho lr‘uil. lllls'll \Vclton weighed about. 1.10 pounds, and ns the trail is so rough and precipitous that. travelling it; without any burden is considered fl font; of during and strength, young lizimb found it oxlt'cmlkly difficult to make any pro- gress. Darkness had to‘. in, mid ho had to gropc his way. For two hours ho ploiidcd with his heavy burden, and “us only able to iuuko two-thirds of a mile. During this time Miss Wclton was grown iur; mom and mom numb with the cold. The. storm in the nit-nu timo was growing tllr'l'o furious. At 10 o'clok tlio guidu :uw out, and sitting down ho told Miss \\'clton of his condition. He, too, was getting so lmuuuibcll that he could hurd- ly walk, and tho only clizlnco of saving oitlmr of their lives, he told her, was for him to hurry on and suck assistance. At first the objcctcil to being left alone, but. finally conscntcd to ri-uzuin until Lamb coillil return. The horses w: ~ - llitcliod about two miles further on gown the trail, and for those, .U‘l'lll'. iznmixo runs \vizm'ox l-‘Alll’.\\'l’.l.l., the guilt: iumlo tho grcatuit possible spa-ed. 'l'hc moon ll:l.(l now nrosonud mn- toriully hillm‘l him on his way. Thu lllll'SL‘Il \vcro found us they had been left, on". mounting ono of tlmnouiiil loadingthe “til: 1‘ young Ltiuil) hurried to his father’s mil/in, ::l,\‘l:ii lllllt‘fl away. He made this distance in an hour, and informed his father of what had ocllrrl'll. 'l'wo fresh hour. .‘l wow: :11 ullCi: saddled, and as soon 1151 young ll'lllll) had got warm the two men arm-toil for the place where Miss Wulv {on llr't'l lm-n loft. It was four o'clock in tho morning when thcyroncliml tho point. Minn “Elwin was found stretched out in tho snow lii‘iul. llor {tortures woro placid Slwp1ucsul, tho I‘L'Hllll. of tho colil,h:id evl- donily overt-vino llttl‘ soon after the do- pslrtuio of llL'I' guide, and slio hull lain llU-tll ill the snow bunk, wall knowing tho flA'I‘ which \'.".|ll(l HM!“ ovortnkc: her. lio- till-f. luvr wauini‘vory handled riding whip, with lnr unim: and plum: of rusidonco cu- :jmvul flier-um. :Lll'l in her belt was a lirunlssoiui ly mounted rovolvcr. llor licrt‘.‘_v kid glows had been rmnovcll, and llut’ diamond llcll'.‘t.l(l:il hands were cover- in the snow. The turn. men CZlf'flUl the body between v.1; b. “1. they could, to where this llwrat-‘l norv tv'h rod, and at nine o'clock i’ln- hut? murmur: arrived lit the cabin. l' ‘in n :i .luu'icc of flu: Ponce Will! fulfil. for ’:iu'l tiru Luna‘- 1 apaiuu'l to him. He had the: bully plrszl in :i lm‘t, and thou had it. ‘01:.‘iv": ml by n aggon to lmnguiont, a :di sum: of .-..,=.ty mllw, where it was re~ . coivml by friends who had come from Col- ;:.r..ll t Springs. The body was sent to ‘ New Yuri; for burial. . . -. H.-- ......m......... ‘ .‘lu lllfl'l‘lllllll‘ll Ull Wolf. 5 l‘hi’lips lhul. tin-ll near Cutler, l‘a., is one of t:.:.- plnrnomo..nsl wells evcr lawn in tin.- m‘mle oil rcgionl, and all in- ’Uzltll'. is :mn.‘ custom-l there, to the ex- ‘clutlou of the lately discovcrul Glade dis- trim, which is rapidly waning. l'hillips' well wan vlriilul on Aug. 1:0, and has been prml.icii.;j rincu over 1,300 barrels daily, remaking r »*_‘ll'.l:y' 100 barrels an hour. It flows as; the regularity of clockwork, the oil gushing out. at intervals of nine 1 iiiinutus and a half, the flows lasting about .four minutes. Large numbers of people ;vizit thc will. lil’u‘z'. ...., a...“ .0 leo-b oohâ€"- A crank .4 a p: ;.I.n who rhea not alwsy. iagrcc With you, or. has opinwm of h wv 2-