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3 3 i -. foams vmrom's ransom“ Jewels In the Tower and Objects 01"“ In Buckingham Palace. The regalia has .been put under the custody of a fresh functfbnar . Capt. Loftns brother-in-lsw of the Hare 'oneas of Ely, one of the Queen’s dearest friends, father of one of her Majesty’s c aids of honor, died and left the post of Custodian of the Crown Jewels vacant. The office is absolutely in the gift of the Queen, and with it goes, be- sides a handsome emolument, a set of rooms in the Tower of London, opposite the Trai- tor'sGateâ€"aquaintsbodewithin the fnassive . walls, with a narrow passage leading from the sitting rooms astt edomestic oflices, to the vaulted cham r where the well-guarded treasures repose behind tall iron railings, not unlike those that encdmpass the tombs of the Swligers at Verona. From the win- dows of the Custodian’s parlor glimpses are caught of the Thames, and in the slanting rays of an autumn sun through the golden haze of low-lying mists the scene evokes a faint reminiscence of the Venetian lagoons. It is strange how often huge, prosaic Lon- don, when it hides its grimy ‘ monotony under the softening mantle of its fogs, as- sumes alikeness to distant and picturesque lands. At Hyde Park the hackneyed'Ser- peutine will, in November, with its blurred and changed outlines, take an air of Venice. The river UNDER THE BRIDGES might at times stand for the yellow Tiber or the swift Arno. Southern lands should be visited in summer and northern ones in winter in order to jud e them at their best. In the same way Lon on, the city of fogs, should be seen during the season when they prevail. Hateful in the season, the big city, in spite of the curses deep and loud hurled at its climate, has its characteristic charm at the close of the year, a charm not felt perhaps by the inhabitants or the ass- ing tourist, but which surely inspired ur- ner. The monuments of the metropolis are never seen to such advantage as through the fleecy curtain dropped over them by the mists, half vapor, half smoke, that float around them. The dome of St. Paul looms as large as St. Peter’s in Rome ; the Monu- ment rises to greater heights when its bristl- ing head is mercifully hidden in the clouds; the dreary, stuccoed thoroughfares of South Kensiugton, partly obliterated, reveal only the rosy facades of some newly constructed gabled house of red brick ; the broad squares might be solemn, tree-girt ponds, and the level awards of the parks, no longer fringed with tall houses, a wild, open moor- land. lVestminster, so well ablcvto confront the glore of day, loses nothing by being seen in afeathery frame, and it blends harmoni- ously with the more recent Houses of Parlia- mcut, while the screaming little Thames omnibus steamboats, hushed and shadowy, might be silent gondolas gliding by ducal palaces. The busy hives of Somerset House and Charing Cross cease to be only the [centres frgm which a commericial popula- tiou IS CONSTASTLY STREAMING toward the Mansion House; the Royal Ex- change and the Band of England, behind their Grecian porticos, are the temples of industry, while further eastward the Guid- hall, magnificent and severe, is at once a palace, a tribunal, and a church. . The sovereigns cntombed in the necropolis of Westminster could, perchancc, on such a day recognize their ancient capital far better in its busy centres, may be, than in Buckingham Palace, which is so difficult to invest with any grace, and, of all the royal residences, is the least easy to enter. Very few, except those who are invited to the three or four concerts and balls each year, are permitted to visit it, and then only by the special favor of Sir Henry Ponsonby or Lord Latham, the Lord Chamberlain. Buckingham has neither the imposing feudal grandeur of Windsor nor the Old World character of Hampton Court, still redolent with the memories of Henry VIII. and Anna Boleyn. Although it cost £1,000,000, although it is large and spacious it can boast of no architectural beauty, pre- senting only the massive style of architect- ure of the unartistic epoch of 1830. ~ In 1703 John Sheffield, Duke of Bucking- ham, builta modest dwelling house among the mulberry gardens of the locality. It pass- ed into the hands of George III, who settled it on Queen Charlotte. It was destroyed in 18:23 by George 1V., who on the same site laid the foundations of the present structure. His dcatliinterrupted the construction,whicli was resumed later on and finished twelve years later, when Victoria was Queen. She inhabited the palace for the first time in 1837. The interior is as cumbrous and heavy as the facades, but it is furnished and decor- ated with ' GREAT MAGNIFICENCE AND LUXU'I‘ The Prince Consort took an immense interest in Buckingham Palace. He made the apart- ments not only rich but comfortable, and if in his lifetime he was not credited with all the good work he did, since his death it has been gradually borne upon the public that he had as much taste as ability. He wasiustru- mental in bringing together a great deal of the authentic and superb furniture of the Louis X1\'. and X\’. pcriods:the richsilken fabrics of the Lyons looms; tlicfour magnifi- cent sideboards of the dining room in which M. Boule so cunningly wrought a delicate traccry of bronze scrolls on a background of lapis lazuli: the carved man telpieces su port- ing clocks by (liaudion; the candela ra of Gouthierci : pianos decorated by Gillot and mounting; by Catlieri. It is to be regretted that the native taste for cleanliness has led to an undue polishing of bmsses and gilt broures, robbing them of the tempered inel- lowucss so dear to connoisseurs. The best painters of the Dutch school are represented not singly but in numbers. but, again, the llcnilvmndts, licrard Dows, Cuyps, Mclzus, Micris, and Tcniers have been submitted to the same ultrapurifying prozcss. and are as resplendent in varnish as any modern picture. The Reynolds and Gainsboroughs have been SPARK!) THAT IS Dli:.\' l'l‘l', perhaps, because, being 0“ 3 higher level, from it all the company's supplies are sent? .__.â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"_â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"-â€"-â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€" r l 1‘ dreds ; (innumerable are the jars, bowls, p tea, an en , com risin 5 'mens thatare neversgesn out (If ii'iugeuiiiesf:l The Queen isas fond of her china as of her laces, and values it beyond paintings and jewels ; she can give a state dinner served on com- plete services of Sevres, a single piece of which would excite the covetousness of the collector. England was not slow to take advantage of the revolutionary era dating in France from 1793, and in availing .herself of the dilapidations which nosszn' HER snxenscns of the treasures which were their pride and glory. She acquired them at nominal prices. The collection of china was commenced by George IV. when Prince of Wales. chased maste ieces of ceramic art on which Boucher, and ragonard had 'nted their inimitable medallions, he p‘ai about £250 for a pair of vases which would be consider- ed chcap to-day at £20,000. The Dubarry rose, the turquoise blue, the Sevres green, the pate tendre exist in such profusion in the apartments of the palace that. there are not enough tables and cabinets‘to contain them all, and they are crowded into large cases standing in every corner. ‘ Windsor, the finest of the many fine monuâ€" ments of England, contains an almost equal quantity of valuable china and it is a pleas- ing and charming contrast to see the frail and brittle treasures enshrined in the em- battled walls of_tlie castle. The imposing mass, seen from miles around, is even more stately when it looms above the leafless forest and the park, apparently suspended in mid air above the 'mists. A wave of » limitless space seems to roll over the walls, chapels, and donjons grouped around the round tower, immovable as the royalty it shelters. dian, the witness of the origin of royalty, its legitimate usurpations,victories, services, and activity from the time when the grim tower was the palace of the third Edward. The buildings around it are of every date, every reign, every style, but they have slowly and solidly aggregated themselves into a strong, harmonious whole. They constitute a singular, majestic edifice, strangely original and grandly severe ; pro- foundly archaic and ultra modern, amemenâ€" to,of the middle ages, and the eloquent ex- pression of England as it is today. It is fitly prefaced by the simple, honest figure of Queen Victoria, whose statue stands at the gates. She has completed the work began by Edward the Third, continued by the Tudors, the Stuarts, and the ~Hanoveriaus. She has added the last touches to royal Windsor, and future generations will wish as little to dispense with her bronze effigy at the entrance as her subjects would wish to disturb the statue of Queen Anne under the shadow of St. Paul. ”t ESCAPBDI‘I‘ROM THE SOUDAN. The Story of Prisoners Who Crossed :1 Des- crt in. Their anm. ' ' Since his arrival at Cairo, with the nuns who was his companions, in flight from the Mahdi, Father Chrivalder has told in fuller detail the story of their escape. . It appears that On Nov. 29 a serious out- break occurred at Omdurman, in which the laggsrafisoldiers of the Mahdi fought With the townspeople, seventeen of the soldiers and seven townsmeu being killed. Father Chrwalder had long been on'tlie lookout for an opportunity to escape, and had kept up the hopes of the captive nuns on the same subject. The flight in the town was so furi-. one that the Mahdists all rushed either to take part in or stop it,-and the usual vigi-' lance over the prisoners was relaxed. Father Clirwalder managed to get word to the Sisters, and they made their way out of Omdurman while the excitement still reigned. The fugitives travelled 550 miles on the back of camels to Korosko, making only one halt, and that of two days at the Murad \Vells. "Being in native attire, bronzed by the sun, and well acquainted with the native language, the father and sisters avoided suspicton as to their race. Three days of the journey they were with- out food or sleep, tortured by fear of being pursued and taken back into captivity. The Sisters have not yet told the whole story of their treatment by the Mahdists, but their appearance indicated years of suf- fering. The fugitives agree in saying that the people are greatly discontented with the rule of the dei‘vishcs and would welcome the arrival of Egyptian troops. - , THE HUDSON BAY COMPANY. It uas Traded With the. Indians for Over a Century. There are few companies which have weathered so many storms, and outlived so many disfavors,-as has the historic old Hud~ son’s Bay Company, which at present carries on business successfully in different parts of the North-West. company was incorporated to'tradc with the Indians of North America.~ ‘Originally it composed of Prince Rupert and seventeen others, and at its inception the company was styled “The Government and Company of Adventurers of Great Britain, trading into the Hudson's Bay.” Ever since, the com- auy has continued to trade with the In- ians, the early custom of-barter being still preserved in many of the outlying posts in the northern part of the Dominion. The company’s otliccrs evinced a spirit of enter- prise and the development of the company’s trading grounds are inseparably woven to- gether. Theirs was the first vessel to ply upon the Pacific Ocean. It was the old llcavcr, which the Hudson's Bay Company had in commission as early as 1835. the Hudson's Bay Company’s spirit is as lively as ever, and to this day it continues muses. Therarevasesare counted by He pur- _ It stands as the guar-' Over a ccntur two this. 33 All Arm-runs mm WOLVES. It was away up in the northern part of Ontario one bleak December dav, years ago, that I went out to a friend’s house some miles from the little village where I lived. I was only fourteen years old then, but, like every other he in‘tnat cold climate, where ice ‘ sin oveinber and lasts until April, I ha skated ever since I was six years old. g I took my skates along, as my friend lived near a lake, and there had as yet been no snow. which every boy known spoils the ice. We had great fun skating for several days. One Thursday afternoon about 3 o’clock I started to walk home, some six miles. Dear old Mrs. Bâ€"‘ Charlie’s mother, carefully warned me not to leave the main road, and I promised, but I soon forgot to remiss, so when I came to a tch w icIi “ cut across” through the woo and which I knew would shorten my walk a mile or so, I took it, and had not left the main road man minutes when it began to snow, so softly at first that I did not see how necessary it was to go back to the main road. Deeper into the woods I went, and faster fell the snow. My path was rapidly getting harder to follow. At last I stepped on its hard surface into the soft mass on each side. I floundered about till I got turned around Then I tried to find the path again. ‘It was gone ! Every part seem'ed equal] soft to my tired feet. The sun had gone own and darkness came on as I keptpushingthrough the ever~deepening snow. I thought every now and then to strike the path again, but no trace of it appeared. It must have been 6 o’clock when the snow ceased to fall. I leaned against a tree and tried to think which way home was. I had began to get drowsy and would no doubt have gradually slid down into the snow and a sleep that would have ended in death had not a sound come that lifted me to-m'y feet, erect and trembling. It was only a bark, and to a city boy mighthave been mistaken for the bay of a distant deer-hound. But to me, a boy of the frontier, it meant the bark of a wolf â€"and it told me that the beasts had smelled me out. Almost- before I had time to realize my danger the noise had ceased to be the.howlin g of a. single wolf. . The cries were can ht up and repeated from difl'ereptparts of t e forest as the animals gathered on the trail. I was getting weaker and weaker ivith the fright and the advance ofnight, but I plunged forward until, rising over the crest of a little bill, I saw a lake below. ‘To cross was to. be wholly at the mercy of the wolves, whose holdin by this time seemed so near that; I fancie I could see them jump from behind the trees upon me. . - " Should I climb into a tree? What good would that do ‘2 In the first place, benunibed with cold as I w 3, how could I keep awake through the nig t, and a. nod might mean falling to the ground? All this shot like a flash through my mind. No, I said, I’ll stay on the ground. But what to do ? Oh, those awful howls, how near they are. Ali 1 What was that dark spot on the lake? In a sheltered cove the wind eddies had blown the snow to one side, leaving a large circle of clear ‘black ”ice, the joy of a skater’s heart. - As I stood trembling with anew shiverat every fresh bark of the rapidly nearing wolves a passaoe from a lesson in natural history rose be ore me. ' “ Wolves are afraid of fire and many per. sons have saved'their lives by its aid.” I felt in my pocket and found some matches. That heap of brush ’over there ! Under the top there must be some dry branches. I tore off the snow-covered limbs and beneath I could see dry leaves and twigs. I gathered up an. armful and made for the shining circle of ice tea-ring out someleaves from a book in my pocket. I fixed the best ‘,‘ start ” for a fire that experience in the woods had thought me to make. The first match set it ablaze, and fanning it with my hat, I soon heard the twigs crackling. But the little fire would soon be out and the wolves would then be upon me. Enough wood must be gathered to keep it going till daylight. To getit I must go back to the .shore. Oh, how I dreaded leaving the cheerful little blaze! Back in the woods the bowls were growing sharper and clear- er. But no time was to be lost. Four times I ran breathless to the shore and came back with great armfuls of brush and branches. The fitli time I‘had gone about 50 feet from the fire when I saw, a dark body jump out from among the trees. I lied back to the blaze and fascinated with terror gazed at the leaping forms. In a moment another appeared, then another, until a dozen were bowling“ and dancing about a few feet away. I piled more brush on the blaze. As it flared up the wolves backed off, and sat on their haunches. So it went on for an hour or two. Then I began to get drowsy again. Once I caught my- self dozing and on waking found thefirc had died down a great deal. If I sleep, I thought, the fire will go out and the wolves will then pounce upon me. Oh, I was so sleepy ! I just wanted to lie down for a few minutes, that was all. I must sit down, anyway. I could use that bundle slung over my shoulder for a seat. 1 took it down and threw. it on the ice. It rang out sharp and loud as it struck. On my half-numb senses it dawned that it was my skates which I had brought along. If I put them on I can keep awake,” was the happy thought that came like a flash from the fire. In a moment almost I had strapped them on. I glided around the fire . which was in the centre of the circle, sever- al times before Icould get warmed up. Then my passion for skating awoke. I was just of the n the disc. red entirel . I waited agribther half heal-’31 then tooyk off my skates and walked down to the curl of smoke. I rested at the camp several hours and went home. “’hen nextI went out skating I so rised all my playmates by the progress had , made. “ Where have you been practising 2"§ they all asked. They had reason for askin ‘ for on that night of desperate practice I has changed from a novice into an expert. THE U. S. DYNAMITE CRUISER. The Vessel a Failure and or no Value for the Purpose for Which She “'ns Built. This novel type of war boat is declared by l our best naval advisers to be of little use in her present condition, and it is recommend- ed that she be altered into an ordinary tor- pedo cruiser. The striking success which attended the experiments of Lieut. Zalinski in New York 3 harbor, 1887, in throwing projectiles charg- ed with dynamite froni pneumatic guns located on shore, led to the belief that simi- l lar weapons might be successfully used on| shipboard ; and the government. anxious to possess itself of an arm that appeared to be at once novel and formidable, hurried for- ward the construction of the Vesuvius. She was launched in 1888. ' The Vesuvius is a steel ship of 725 tonsI displacement, 252 feet long over all, and 26g feet wide. She is without masts, and practically unarmored. She draws a maxi- mum of nine feet of water ; the mean draught is eight and one-half feet. Her engines, l which have been illustrated and described by us, are of four-cylinder, triple, expan- sion type. They actuate twin screws, and give a speed of about twenty knots an hour. Her model is characterized by very fine lines, engines 4,000 horso'powder. In the forward part of the ship the three pneumatic guns that form her armament are . placed. These are built into the ship. Their l muzzles are carried forward and project; above the deck near the bow. They are 15! inches in diameter, fifty-four feet long, made l of thin cast iron, not rifled, the vanes upon the prejectile being relied on to give any desired axial rotation: The full-sized shell for this gun is 143 morass OF BRITISH runways; f} Curious Speculations Regarding nell Origin. You will find that seven in ten among the more intelligent British Colombians con- clude these Indians tobe of Japanese origin. The Japanese current is neighborly to the province, and it has drifted Japanese juuks to these shores. When the first traders Visited the neighborhood of the mouth of the Columbia they found beeswax in the sand near the vesti es of a wreck, and it is said that one wrec of a junk was met with, and 12,000 pounds of this wax was found on her. Whalers are said to have frequently encoun- tered wrecked and driftin ‘uuks in the eastern Pacific, and a locagl legend has it that in 1834 remnants of a junk with three Japanese and a cargo of pottery were found on the coast south of Cape Flattcry. Noth- in less than all this should excuse even a ru- derless ethnologist for so cruel a reflec- tion upon the Japanese. for these Indians are so far from pretty that all who see them 8. rec with Captain Butler, the traveller, w o wrote that “ if they are of the Mongo- lian type, the sooner the Mongolians change their type the better.” The coast Indians are splendid sailors, and their dugouts do not always come off second best in racing with the boats of white men. With a primitive yet ingeniously made tool, like an adze, in the construction of which a blade is tied fast to about handle of bone, these natives laboriousl pick out the heart of a great cedar log, an she c its outer sides into the form of a boat. \ ’hen the log is roperly hollowed, they fill it with water, an then drop in stones which they have heated in a fire. Thus they steam the boat so that they may spread the sides and fit in the cross-bars which keep it strong and preserve its. shape. These dugouts are sometimes sixty feet long, and are used for whaling and long voyages in rough seas. They are capable of carrying tons of the salmon or oolachan or herring, of which these people, who live as their fathers did, catch suliicient in a few days for their main- tenance throughout a whole year. One gets an idea of the swarms “of fish- that infest those waters by the knowledge that before nets were used the herring and the oolachan,_ inches in diameter, and its body is about or candle-fish, were swept into these boats seven feet long. Back of the body is a tail by an implement formed by studding a ten- fitted with spiral vanes, which secures its , foot pole with spikes, or nails. This was alignment and rotation. The body is made : swept among the fish in the water, and the of thin drawn brass tubing, and will hold boats were speedily filled with the creatures 600pounds of high explosive, dynamite or that were impaled upon thespikcs. Sal- gelatine, the whole weighing about 1,500,111011, sea-otter, otter, beaver, marten, bear, pounds» when charged, This is the largest‘and deer (or caribou or moose) were shell the guns are adapted to fire, and the l effects of such aheavy charge of explosive. can only be surmised. Should one explode ' in the air over aship, the efl'ects of the con-y cussion on her crew would probably be very disastrous. According to the opinion of students of torpedo practice, the submarine explosion of such a shell within 20 feet of a , ship would destroy it. l The air by which the projectile is driven is compressed under a pressure of 2,000 pounds per square inch into tubular reser- voxrs. No attempt has ever been made to test the guns with a. full charge of the explosive, by reason of defects in the mechanism which render dangerous the operations of loading and‘discharge. The naval bureau considers this vessel in no respect fitted as a. gun platform for artillery of this description, even if the lat- ter proved of any military value. It will be readily apprecmted that, unarmored as the Vesuvius is, her stores of high exploâ€" sives and alarge portion of the length of her guns are completely exposed to the fire of rapid-fire ordnance ; the eflcct of asingle shell from a l-pouuder sent into her maga- l zine of high explosives may be imagined. ; The vessel, as is well known, possesses only indifferent steering qualities, and, this being the case, it is probable that two tor- - pedo boats of the type of the Cashing, armed with an automobile torpedo and with rapid-fire guns of smaller caliber, would very much ovcrmatch her. It is consider- ed, therefore that the question of the value of the guns for war purposes should re- ceive an early conclusion. '1 7-.” A THOUSAND WERE MASSACRED. 1‘ Report of Father Minn on the Slaughterl ofNativc Christians In China. According to advices received in Brussels from Father But .05, the Vicar Apostolic of Mongolia, and ather Minn, a Chinese, priest, a thousand native Christians were ' massacred during the recent troubles in China. The same advices add that all the Belgian missionaries in the disturbed dis- fricts and all the Belgians attached to the missons were safe, and that all danger for. the present had passed. * SAN Fransisco, Dec. 2Lâ€"The City of Pekin brings Chinese advices that the Unit- ed States steamship Palos was at Nanking during the Chinese military examinations which lasted from Nov. 6 to ll. There were 5,000 students present. During the examinations a conflict occurred between the students and the police, growing out of the arrest of two students for smuggling. One of the prisoners was killed while rcsist- . ing the officers. A Government commission . is iitvestigating the affair. Foreign creditors of Chang Foo, late Gov- . ernor of-Shantung, have been assured by the Government that they will be fully paid. There has been a small revolt in the Province of Tokicn, due to excessive taxa- tion. It was promptly quellcd. M ’W No Bails. A wedding ceremony was to take place on the edge of learning the most dliicult, ‘in one of the prominent churches. The motions on skates, such as the “ grapevine, Everything earthly must decay, but a single and double ;” “ The scissors,” “ The outer edge,” “ The Dutch roll, backward and forward, single and double,” and t) trade with the Indians and gives. as well i H Figure cights”. of various kinds. One part of its attention to the wants Of pale . after the other I went over them. \Vhen faces. The present head governor of the l tired by one I would try another, and so company is Sir Donald A. Smith, of Mont ' “.5; myself. an hour passed this and the real, but the head otliccrs are in London, , won-.33 Lmug no nearer than n.1, first. Then England. To this {micei all the Skills 001' i I knew I had wood enough to last till day- lected in the Dominion are returned, and 3 fight, if I could only keep awake. So hour after hour I wont circling about they 1““ protected against housewifcry out to tll‘editl‘crcutsections in which the com- l the little blaze.- The ring of steel echoing rofanation: The Prince Consort seems to prmy trades. All furs are disposed Off Bl- l among the trees, mingled with the disap- ave been powcrless ‘0 prevent cert‘alnhuctions, which take placcat stated periods pointed barking of the hungry watchers "POTS 0‘ judgment, 55: for instance, “We" l but the number is decreasing each year. gigantic pieces of Italian furniture incrusted with plant dam, were placed in juglaposi- tion with the delicate specimens of a purer art. iceteaduf being sent to take a. more befitting position in balls or on landings. l -â€"1H ”09- a» In Cassel. Germany. turning has been made compulsory in all the girls’ schools. The Gossier School Reform bill, which it ill be up again for discussion in the Prussian However, I“ "m” priceless "1‘“ qulum l Landing, proposes that turning shall be and brunzcs is the prodigious collection of old Sevres china scattered throughout th compulsory in every girls’ school in Prussia ° asit is in Berlin. l squatted on the snow. At last the faint streaks of dawn broke over the east and I could see a curl of while smoke arising from a hunter’s camp away down the lake. ‘Half an hour later it was daylight. The sharp crack of an curly hunter's it came from near by. The wolves hafibcen slowly backing off into the woods as the day dawned and at the sound bridal pa rty had not yet arrived, but were momentarily expected, when a small boy put in an appearance and gazed long and curiously up the main aisle. “ Humph,” he muttered, disdainfully. , “ I don’t see any. ” l “ Don’t see any what, boy '1” asked an inquisitive usher standing near. i “ Don't see de rails. of course.” i ” Railsâ€"rails for what '5” said the usher, in wonderment, as a small group gathered around the boy. . “ \Vhy, for do bride's train to run onâ€"l are ‘5" And he escaped, and there followed i a' stillness so dense you could have heard a ' cough drop on the door step around the cor- ner. In Rome Prince Ippolito Aldobrandini, nephew of Prince lioi'gbese, entered the Jesuit order about three weeks ago, taking the oath of poverty and humility. He was then just 18 years old and a millionaire. His money will go to the order. l and still are the chief resources of most of the Indians. Once thev sold the fish and the peltry' to the Hudson Bay Com- pany, and ate what parts or sur lus they did not sell. Now they work in tile canncries or fish for them in summer, and hunt, trap, or loaf the rest of the time. However, while they still fish and sell furs, and while some are yet as their fathers were, nearly all the coast Indians are semi-civilized. They have at least the white man’s clothes and hymns andrvices. They have churches :thcy live in houses ; they work in canncrics. What little there was that was picturesque about them has vanished only a few degrees faster than their own extinction as a pure race, and they are now a lot of 'longshorcmen. What M r. Duncan did for them in Metlaka- hideâ€"especially in housing the families se- paratelyâ€"has not been arrived at ‘even in the reservation at Victoria, where one may still see one of the lingo low shed-like houses they prefer, ornamented with totem poles, and arranged for eight families, and conse- quently'for a lasity of morals for which no one can hold the white man responsible. They are a. tractable people and take as kindly to the rudiments of civilization, to work, and to co-opcration with the whites ‘ as the plains Indian does to tea, tobacco, and whiskey. They are physically but not mentally inferior to the plainsman. They carve bowls and spoons of stone and bone, and their heraldic totem poles are cleverly shapen, however grotesque they may be. They still make them, but they oftencr carve little ones for white people, just as they make more silver bracelets for sale than for wear. They are clever at weaving rushes and cedar bark into mats, baskets, floor-cloths, and cargo covers. In a word, they were more prone to work at the outset than most Indians, so that the present longshorc career of most of them is not reatly to be wondered at.â€"From “Canada'fl l Dorado,” in Harper’s Magazine; ' The Kewoenaw Copper Deposits. A peninsula called cheenaw Point, jut- ting intoLake Superior from the southern shore toward the northeast, is famous as the center of a vast copper mining industry. 'Last year the mines produced no less than 105,586,000 pounds of refined copper, and it is estimated thatduring nextycar production will be increased by at least ‘20 per cent. Mr. E B. Ilinsdale, who contributes to the latest bulletin of the American Geographical Society an article on the subject, has much that is interesting to say about the numer- ous prehistoric mines which have been found in this region. These ancient mines, jud¢¥ ‘ ing from their extent, must have been work- ' ed for centuries. Who the workers were, no one can tell. They seem to have known nothing of the smelting of copper, for there are no traces of molten copper. What they sought were places that could be fashioned by cold hammering into useful articles and ornaments. They understood the use of fire in‘ softening the rocks to enable them to break away the rock from the masses of copper. They could not drill, but used the stone hammer freely. More than ten cart loads of hammers were found in the neighbor- hood of the Minnesota mine. In one place the excavation was about 50 feet deep, and at the bottom were found timbers forming a scalfolding, and a large sheet of copper was discovered there. In another place, in one of the old pits, was found a mass of copper weighing ~10 tons. At another point the excavation was ‘26 feet deep. In another opening, at the depth of 18 feet, a mass of copper weighing over 6 tons was found, raised about 5 feet from its native bed by the ancients, and secured on oakcn props. Every projecting point had been taken off, so that the exposed surface was smooth. Whoever the workers may have been many centuries must have passed since their mines were abandoned. Their trenches and openings have been filled up, or nearly so. Monstrous trees have grown over their Work and fallen to decay, other generations of trees springing up. When the mines were rediscovered, decayed trunks of large trees were lying over the works, while a heavy growth of live timber stood on the ground. ”3 "'<~ . I. ._ .... .. -;..-.-_, I Mr w. 1 - "was..mfi._u-. . “so rm,.. ._ . ”we, .â€" ... i