Kawartha Lakes Public Library Digital Archive

Fenelon Falls Gazette, 11 May 1894, p. 2

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DUEAN FREIGHT UN unname- msxsvasrsoss IMPOSED BY A as his American COMBINE OF VESSEL MEN. llr. .‘lnloek's B!" In Parliamentâ€".1 Mul- lcr in Which livery (‘nnndlnu farmer to Deeply Interested. The Dominion Live Stock AssOciation, in a circular just issued, desire to call the at' tention of the Canadian public to a matter which has already done much to injure, and if allowed to continue threatens almost the total destruction of,one of Canada’s greatest industries, namely, the export of live cattle to Great Britain. When it is remembered that since the establishment of this trade about the year 1875, it has brought back to Canada in cash over $75,000,000, the price of Canadian cattle sold in Great Britain, it becomes at once apparent how deeply this industry affects the interests of the whole country. The importance, therefore, of the subject demands that the Association sub» mit to the public the following facts :â€" The cattle trade reached its highest point in 1800, since which time it has declined. The following were the exports of cattle and their value for the calendar years 1890- 01-9203 : Year. Number of cattle ex- Their value ported to United Kingdom. 1890 104,133 $8,114,145 1891 09,967 7,381,284 1892 93,206 6,020,748 1893 89,572 0, 709,633 Whilst the scheduling of Canadian cattle was one great cause for this decline, an- other and a prevent-ible one is also operat« ing in the same direction. If the trade were in a healthy condition it might be able to stand some drawbacks; but, as if the scheduling were not misfortune enough, most, if not all, of the vessel owners have an understanding or combination, whereby they charge such freight as they choose. Owing to quarantine regulations, Canadian cattle cannot be shipped through the United States to Europe. Thus the whole export trade is confined to one Canadian port, that of Montreal, the head of ocean steamship navigation. To this one point must come all Canadian cattle intended for the English market, and there be shipped by one or other of the few lines of steamers sailing between that port and Great Britain. Each line liaslts representative at Montreal, and what is easier than for these representa- tives to meet weekly or oftener, and com- bine as to cattle rates ? They have their agents in England, cabling them constant- ly as to the priceofcattle. Ifitgoes up,they putnp the freig crates, including rates for cattlealready'on board. If theprice falls rates do not come down in proportion. If there is a large quantity of cattle at Montreal,the vessel men combine toexact excessive rates. If the markets improve and shippers want to ship in time to take advantage of such improvements, up go the rates. In fact, every state of the market of exigency of the cattle trade seems to be taken advant- age of by the vessel men, to levy excessive rates. Buyers cannot ascertain before buy- ing what the rates will be. Thus with a well-grounded fear of being charged exces- sive rates, they have to buy in ignor- ance of what the vessel men will charge to carry the cattle to market. The rate may be $7 a head, or it may be s 7.50. This uncertainty alone makes cattle buying extremely hazardous, to the great prejudice, in some cases, of the farmer who sells, in others, of the buyer. Why should a legitimate industry be reduced to the level of gambling? luycrs, who in buying have not reckoned on a sudden squeeze by the vesse lmen, ha\ 0 lost heavily,somc even being ruined or driv- en cut of the trade. In any:event this very element of uncertainty renders it extremely difficult for the buyers to know what they may safely offer for cattle. As a rule, shippers do not know what the rates are to be until the cattle have been purchased, brought to Montreal, and loaded, and the vessel is ready to sail. In some cases the rate is fixed after the ship has sailed with tie cattle on board. In securing space, the shippers at times have to agree to pay what- ever are the going rates. This means what- ever the agents of the vessel owners com- bine upon, when the shippers are in their power. In these and other ways the whole export cattle trade of Canada is now being paralized by one of the hugest combinations in Canada. The first principle of a contract is that both parties to it are free to assent or not to assent to its terms. Here we have two interests, the cattle industry and the vessel industry, the latter dictating terms to which the former must submit. It is pow- erless to resist. for no other route is open, and the principal steamship lines coming to Montreal and engaged in the cattle trade being subsidized by the Government and enjoying other advantages are practically able to keep other vessels, except an ac- casionnl tramp steamer, off this route. Thus the Conditions render this monopoly possible, and it extsts, and is exercising its arbitrary powers most tyrannically. With pzactically no competition in rates from Montreal, our cattle carried from Montreal at excessive rates are landed at 5 farmer. f er. of his cattle it must be possible to market them at reasonable ratesâ€"in factas cheaply rival does. But this ' question concerns more the Canadian farm- 'l he farmer in old Canada especially is being obliged to change his mode of farm- ing, by feeding his grain instead of selling it. If the market for his cattle isdestroyed, what becomes of his industry? Thus, every Canadian is deeply concern- ed in guarding this most important branch of Canadian husbandry, and we askâ€"Shall one great powerful interest stand at the gateway of Canadian commerce and arbi- trarily levy tribute upon one of our most; important industries, or shall Parliamentl be asked promptly to deal with this abuse of power and thus prevent further injury? A bill seeking to remove these grievances has been introduced into Parliament by Mr. M ulock, so that the whole subject will likely be discussed on the floors of Parlia- ment on the second reading of the Bill. In introducing the Bill,Mr. Mulock stated that he was not wedded to the methods suggest- ed by his Bill, if any better could be pro- posed, and he stands prepared to co-operate with the Government or any members of the House in order to accomplish the end aimed at, namely, the restoration of the cattle trade to a healthy basis, by the pre- vention of excessive and uncertain rates which are now strangling it. Therefore the question may be discussed on the basis of an existing evil, which in the interest of the country demands some effective remedy and that forthwith. As the whole subject will be discussed in Parliament, and it is to be hoped a solution arrived at this ses- sion, it is of vital interest to Canada that the decision of Parliament shall be in the direction of relief from the oppression now existing. Therefore it is important that public attention benowdirected towards the issue involved,in the hope that public opinion may be evoked for the guidance of people’s representatives in Parliament. Under these circumstances the Committee of the Domin- ion Live Stock Association, appointed to promote the necessary legislation for the prevention of excessive, uncertain and arbitrary ocean freights,rates and methods, including scalping, respectfully request the Canadian public to co-operate with them in order to the attainment of so desirable an end. :“ Staying Power”-â€"Rest The Recup- erator. Is life worth living for a capable man if it is to be a failure in the long run ‘3 Hard- ly ! If this be the general feeling, it is obvious that “ recuperators ” of energy and capacity become of great importance to the man who is minded to avoid the paralysis of his career. Of all the recuperators of intellectual energy and freshness there is one which is chief and has no second. That recuperator is rest. Let him who questions the superlative value of rest, try to do without the rest of sleep for a’single week. Rest, to produce its full result, must be absoluteâ€"not merely the cessation of work, but the abandonment of care ; the laying aside of responsibility also.as of a. cent which is not to be worn for a period. The man whose brain is very tired must give his body rest as Well as his intellect. A weary brain will not supply the muscles with energy for long walks or fatiguing toils. A large sofa in a large and airy room for a lounge in the winter, with two or three short and easy walks in the fresh air, is the ideal to be sought after; in the summer a hammock, in a quiet corner of the orchard, or coppice, where the breezes are gentle, and the rustling cf the leaves is soft. A mild and very occasional smoke for those who illicit. and a tame navel to read for a few minutes at a time, three or four times a day,may help the sense of quiet and repose. Two, or three, or four weeks spent in this way will make any fairly healthy man young again, however worn out he may be. The intellectual worker should have two such seasons of complete rest every year. The freshness of his work would soon show the soundness of this philosophy.â€"â€"Thc- Ifospilal. -â€"â€"â€"â€"â€".â€"â€"â€"-â€" Austria‘s Emperor. The Emperor of Austria is a far less familiar personage to English people than his still beautiful consort, who has so often been seen riding’to hounds in Ireland and in Cheshire, and whose love of the sea has brought her into contact with many of our compatriots in the Mediterranean and else- where. His Majesty, now in his 64th year, has a tall soldier-like figure, owing his slim proportions and erect bearing to the im- mense amount of active exercise which he has taken throughout his life. On his well-marked and handsome features there is now stamped an impress of melan- choly, which does not, however, obliterate the kindly expression especially noticeable in his eyes and mouth. He wears whiskers and a full moustache trimmed after the Austrian fashion, but his chin is close- shaven, and his well-shaped forehead is bare. Simple and laborious in his habits, the Emperor rises every morning at five, and devotes the earlier hours to the affairs of] State, entering into the minutest details. He is not a brilliant man, but fair abilities and long experience enable him to deal effectively with the problems of government. He daily drives out in a plain , open carriage with an aide-dc-camp and one chasseur in uniform, but without escort, outrider, or police. Art is his hobby. No mean droughts- man himself, he delights in visiting studios, Liverpool, on the same deck, by the side of End he personally superintends all the plans l Americancattlvcarricdatcmnpetitiverates for building 0" repairing we Impala“ from lloston, New York, etc. Both bring the Pnlficea- He is of {leVOlW CMhOllC. and most same price in the English market, but the Strict "1 all religious obsewanccs. American farmer was paid more for his cattle than was the Canadian farmer, be- cause of the lower rates. Thus, shipping . cattle are worth more in the Buffalo than in the Toronto market. It now remains for the Canadian people â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"6â€"â€"_â€"â€"â€"â€".â€" A Mild Climate. An engineer of the Canadian Geological 1 Survey has made the discovery that, instead ‘f.i‘:€§‘l§Si“,°§llil§°:§3Ӣfl:§ lPUllELY BlNlDLlN NEWS. INTERESTING ITEMS ABOUT OUR OWN COUNTRY. Gathered from Various Points from the Atlantic to the l’nclt‘lc. Tramps overrun Victoria, B. C. Belleville has an influx of hop poles. Collingwood will probably have a new hall. Brampton has lowered civic salaries by $425. A wild cat was recently shot near Brock- ville. Gore Bay badly needs agood barrister and a foundary. Chapleau,.Sudbury district, is overrun with drunkards. \Vinnipeg has 4,790 school children, be tween 6 and 16. Mt. Albert complains of the want of a justice of the peace. The Belleville High School was never so prosperous as now. Mr. John Clarkson, an old pioneer of Woodstock, is dead. St. Catharines refuses to reduce the num- ber of tavern licenses. The Canada Glove Works, Acton, are again in full operation. ' Collingwood has a population. of 6,000 and is growing rapidly. Belleville is overrun with local and itine- rant agents of all kinds. Hundreds of people are crowding into the Rainy Lake gold district. The Hanover Presbyterian church has just paid the last of its debt. “ Campania ” is the name of a new post- ofiice in Amaranth township. Joseph Graf’s saw mill, Chepstow, has been burned at a loss of $2,000. It cost a man in Vancouver Sl5f01' trying to run a pitchfork into a bailiff. Winnipeg merchants want closing all retail stores at 7 p. in. Waterloo will have a band tournament and a Foresters’ fete this summer. The suspended National Bank at Port Angeles, B. 0., will resume business. A Toronto man Will build a large sawmill at Port Arthur if he is given a bonus. Guelph’s assessment for this year is $3,- 718,725, an increase over that of last year. Fur seals are more plentiful about Cape Flattery than they have been for years. A number of ships at Vancouver will be loaded with lumber for Australian ports. Mrs. George Jeffrey, near Leamington, committed suicide by cutting her throat. Citizens of Rodney are boring for natural gas which has been found there at 90 feet. r The Canadian Copper Company’s mines will soon run to their utmost capacity. The Central school, Chath‘ m, has been robbed ofa large quantity of school sup- plies. Ailsa Craig Council limi ts tavern license to two in number, and pu ts the license fee at $200. A part of Coney Island, in the Lake of the Woods, has been added to Rat Portage for a park. The Pacific express left Montreal one day last week for the coast with thirteen babies aboard. Last year $6,740,000 premiums were paid to different life insurance companies in Canada. \Vindsor hotels are already receiving applications for the accomodation of sum- mer boarders. The removal of some G.T. R. trains causes great dissatisfaction in the northwestern part of Ontario. Edward D. Davidson, one of the wealth- iest and most enterprising men of Nova Scotia, died recently. Sarah Ganley, a domestic at Goderich, was burned to death. She went too near a stove while cleaning a lamp. A post office has been established on the Caradoc reserve to be known by the Indian name Waub na-Kee post oflice. “Sockless” Jerry Simpson, the Populist leader in Congress, spent his boyhood days at Corunna, Lambton county. Duncan McCrae. one of the earliest pioneers in British Columola, was accident- ally drowned ncar V ancouver. legislation No trains are now running over the line of the Great Northwest Central, Manitoba, owing to the small amount of freight. Richardson, the wife murderer, now in Chatham jail, professes to be converted and says he is fully resigned to his fate. George A. Goodwin, a Czinadian, follow. ing his profession in old London, has been elected President of the Society of Engin- eers. Halifax with a population of 42,000 has 10 alderman. Winnipeg with 27,000 has 1‘2, Quebec with 75,000 has 10, Guelph with 10,C(0 has 18. By the breaking up of the ice around Christian Island and Thunder Bay, consid- erable damage was done to fisherman’s nets, hooks, lines, etc. An old squaw 105 years of age, recently died in l‘lainy River. She was the mother of theprescntchiefof the Manitobalndians, who is 80 years old. . The mother of Mr. T. D. Finlay, of St. Thomas, who resides near Kingston, has lately received a bequest of $50,000 through the death of a relative. A workman on Point Pelee found a are among the crew of the Gloucester fish‘ ing schooner Flash, which is given up as lost. It the route is practicable, the Canadian Pacific Railroad, it is said, will attempt to secure the old Superior Air Line Rail- road for a Superior and North-West line to Chicago. The C. P. R . has arranged to ship 16,000 bushels of Ontario wheat and about 1,0C0 tons of Quebec bay to the English market from the port of St. John, N. B., as an experiment. ‘ Every foot of the Fraser river from Quesnelle to the north has been taken up in gold claims. The miners have requested the Government to remove the royalty of gold procured along the Fraser. Quebec has a gross debt of about 323.000,- 000. New Brunswick owes $2,000,000, Nova Scotia $1,764,000, Manitoba $2,209,- 000, and British Columbia $620,000. On- tario has a surplus of several millions. The entire loss of the Treasury of Ontario by dishonesty of officials since Mr. Mowat became premier 25 years ago is less than $25,000. In the same time the defalcation of municipal officials in the Province was $274,754,64. Canada’s trade and navigation return- sbow that the exports in 1893 ware valued at $118,619,750, as compared with $1135, 963,375 in 1802, an increase of $3,656,37s. The total imports were $129,074,268, as compared with $129,466~in 1892. LlllllllllES ’l‘llll'l‘ TRAVEL ABOUT A NOVEL WAY OF HELPING THE MASSES. Boxes Packed With Good Books Sent from Place to Place in England by th Liberal Club. The village library system that has been organized and perfected in England is en tirely unknown here. The experiment has been brought to perfection by the National Club, and it has been found to be not only a successful educational feat, but a capital plan of propaganda. The plan involves the circulation of the best books throughout the Kingdom at a minimum of cash to the readers. \Vhat. is called a library is a box of books made up in London and sent to the secretary of the local Liberal Association, who loans out the books for as long a time as may be neces- sary under such rules as he may see fit to impose. When the books are all returned they are put back in the box and re-ship- pad. The extent of circulation by this system is enormous, and it is said the wear and tear are trifling, one box of books hav- ing been shipped sixty times and several of them having been out five months. Nines/ii UBlRAL out 'VJLLAGE 113mm“ TIIE LIBRARIL READY FOR. SIIII’MENI‘. The Secretary of the National Liberal Club, Mr. Donald Murray, states that a thousand boxes do not supply the demand, and that the scheme has developed into a potentiality beyond the dreams of man. The books sent out by the Liberal Club are called libraries. They are packed securely on shelves in stout, iron-bound padloeked boxes, covered with canvas, as shown in the illustrations. Each box con- tains a catalogue. At each village the box may be kept three months. No charge is made for the loan of the library, which costs on an average about $50, but the vill- age librarian may exact a fee from the borrowers of one-half penny per volume to recompense him for his trouble. Into each box is packed a number of Liberal leaflets for Circulation, free of cost, and thus the leaven works. It is interest- ing to note that in several villages these little circulating libraries have been the nucleus of clubs and local reading-rooms. Mr. Murray says it is impossible to esti- mate the influence that has been exerted by the libraries. They have put the people in immediate contact with the bestlitera- ture, and as great care has been exercised in sending out only the worthicst class of books, the interest of the working class has been excited by the simplest methods. THE VILLAGE 1.1 IlllARY. In looking ever the list of libraries sent out by the Liberal Club, it is seen that great care has been exercised in the selec- tion of books. History, criticism,biography. science, economics, social problems, the best fiction and travels furnish the bulk of the books, but in no case does the list let itself down to the merely sensational. Standard works of fact and imagination are alone sights and strange experiences. that we on shore hear so little about them is owing to their absolute commounessâ€" from the mariner‘s point of view ; and it- is only when some accident accompanies the occurrence that, as a rule, we are treated QUEER EXPERIENCES AT SEA. Immense 'rldal \anea. Submarine l‘n. lac-aunts. and Showers 01‘ fishbones. Sailors have more than their fill of strange The fact to any details about it. Big waves rank among these experiences. We do not refer to those waves which are the immediate consequences of high winds and atinosplierical disturbances but to those single waves of immense height which show themselves suddenly in the midst of a sea comparatively smooth. A vessel may be sailing along in fine weather, and with no swell on worth mentioning, when with- out the least warning, comes sweeping along a wave of towers like a mountain, falls on the deck, and carries away everything movable, members of the crew among the rest. The steamer Sar.‘ Francisco was once struck by a tidal wave of this sort in the Gulf Stream, and 170 persons swept into the sea and drowned. In March lust all the crew save one of the bark Johann “’ilhclm were washed overboard by a single wave. In June, last year, the ship Holyrood en- countered another such sea, which is said to have risen up “ suddenly like a wall,” and to have flooded her decks fore and aft. The Cunarders Etruria and Umbria have both encountered the phenomenon, and the former had onc man killed and several others injured. The case of the Pomeranian will be fresh in the minds of all. Some- times these waves are the result of the submarine eruptions and land earthquakes occurring in close proximity to the sea. An English bark crossing the north Paci- fic met with one of these big waves, and immediately afterward the ocean seemed to be boiling, and the sulphur fumes that emerged from the water were so powerful as to drive the crew into the rigging. Cer- tainly there was an eruption here as the ship sailed over, and the wonder is that the great wave did not do more injuryo Again, the American schooner Dara Jo Ward, while on a voyage to Seattle, Wash... from Copper Island, was sailing quietly along when suddenly she was lifted as if a whale had struck her bottom, and then ex- perienced a succession of shocks which cast everything loose about her docks and knocked the crew off their feet. There were a few big waves succeeding the main one, and then everything was smooth again. The biggest solitary wave ever known was that caused by the Peruvian earthquake of Aug. 13, 1868. In no other instance, we are assured, has it been known that a well- marked wave of enormous proportions had been propagated over the largest ocean tract of the globe by an earthquake whose action has been limited to a relatively small region, and that region not situated in the centre, but on one side of the area traversed by the wave. At Arica it was fifty feet high, and enveloped the town, carrying two war ships nearly a mile beyond the railway to the north of the town. The single sea traveled northward and westward. Its height at San Pedro, in California, was sixty feet. It inundated the smaller mem- bers of the Sandwich group, 6,300 miles away, and reached Yokohama, in Japan, in the early hours of the morning, after taking in New Zealand oh the way. It spent itself finally in the south Atlantic, having travers- ed nearly the whole globe. A singular occurrence was reported re- cently by the English ship Luoipara. She was about midway between the Cape and Australia when sheencountered a hurricane. About midnight of Aug. 4 last the sea sud- denly fell almost calm. “ It appeared as if the sea was affected by some tremendous pressure,” when suddenly the whole vessel. fore and aft, was enveloped in sheets of flame that rose half way up the masts and overran the decks for threcquartcrs of an hour. It was an electrical storm and the crew, never havtng enconntcd such a thing before, were panic-stricken, and very nathr- ally so. They expected every moment to see the masts go by the board. After what must have been a very cheerful forty- five minutes the flames snuffed out suddenly, and left darkness so thick that it might have been cut. Another singular occurrence was that of the bark Peter Pridell. which was off Val- paraiso when a whirlwind passed over her stern, taking away everything movable, sails and all, on the after part of the ship, leaving the forward end untouched. Here was the sharp end of a storm with a vcn- geance. Almost as surprised at their and fortune and narrow escape must have men the crew of the barkcntinc Fortunate, which, while on a voyage from Rio (irande to Liverpool, felt a tremendous shock that could not be accounted for until the vessel was put into dry dock, when the sword of aswordfish was found to have penetrated some feet into the wood of the hull. Yet another of the curiosities of the sea is the occasional shower of fishbonesor the like falling on the deck when many miles from land. 'l'heso showers are easily explained. The fish are taken up in waterlpouts and come down in a more or less rariliod condi- tion. But. perhaps the most awhil of all things that can happen at sen is a fire. A severe squall breaking over the vessel un- prepared for it, and with all her sails set, is bad, but the experience is short, sharp, and generally decisive : but for long drawn- out agony there is nothing like a fire especi- ally if it is among coal, and there is also dynamite or gunpowder in the cargo. NEW FIRE LIGHTER. It llors Awny with Kludllnz Wood and lllnzes While You Work. Here isa valuable little kitchen impleo ..,--..-...., l m- . .. ., fl. M-...___._ ._-~_......,..._ ... of being a Wilderness, the vast interior i leather bag suspended by a “ring from the between the north of Lake St. John, in branch of a "as, in we bag was 5-35 in wen . . Quebec PI‘OHULG and Lngam Bay, on the ; preserved green luck.“ north coast of Labrador, is possessed of a, - ; . a snrvgmtion that a national memorial to . . . . . , ‘ _ ~ 5 and a lot of hoto- ' comparatively mild climate in great snub; me 4‘ app! “no” p ' . . , . Mr. Gladstone should be created, and when tercd valleys, and is thickly graphs Miss Luella 1.105 d. of Hamilton,was l wooded with 5 . .. i the when came to be canvassed it settled . . l - “ d 1 her - J . . ’ . . . chosen as a testher in to cor ant , , . _ e a e . .- . . ~ . . l . Sllmcei ml‘c‘l ll “3 ml [h "3 Wllh Poplar .mme “.33 “any drawn by job. «man to this cstabl s ment of village on The” are thousands “ml ‘h‘mmn‘l‘ “fl . . . i culaling libraries as the most fitting and the square miles of spruce. sutfi:ier.t t5 last for g A youusrpan living I‘M", 0W” Elm”: i most appropriate to the genius of Mr. Glad- many years after other Canadian forests; While hitcmns UP 3 Pa" 0‘ hm?“ "“ 3“!“ :stone. It will, therefore, probably result have disappeared, and here and there arej lhe limll)‘ ‘0 ChUFClli‘W" kl‘°‘-‘"_”l ' ("IV-'3 .‘ in [he egmbluhmcntof “The Gladstone indications of large deposits of the richest iand trampled to death by the El;.;2‘..ii:‘. iron ore. And this immense heritage is, be} The can mine; at Lethbridgrgl 2-30.41}. it remembered. on the dire“ line from” West Territories, are closed down owing to LlVCprOl “5 (â€"‘cnlfll Ci‘nfidfl: inllC‘Ed. proposed great reduction in Wages. “118m” C‘m‘dl‘“ 1““ “Nady Plum‘vd 3, hundred men are out ofeinployment. in; London on the occasion of she won.“ 550" line ‘0 Bum!” ""0 Sh ml” "HY Matthew Parks, of Nova Scotia,and J“. Congress onoungMen'sChristian Unions in ‘er'iwry‘ Donovan and Simeon Gillie, of RE. Island" MI)“ man which has just made its appearance in (ii: 2 "so whether this condition of ’ . p to I u m England. It is for quickly lighting the fire affairs shall be allowed to .continue. Shall steamship lines, some of them largely sub- sidised by the Canadian Government, and all enjoying the advantages of Canadian l i admitted. ports, harbors and waterways, upon whci‘ The Westminster Gazette recently made millions of Canadian money have been ex. pended, be allowed of their own arbitrary motion to exact just such rates as they choose front the products of this Canadian industry: or shall Parliament be called upon to intervene, as it has done in the case of railways and other poworz'u'. organisations, to protect the people from o prewien? In the nnequaleontcst, the cat: at dealers have Ilruggini in vain against the powerful ves eel combination, but are unable to break it. They now bring the matter before the without the aid of any kindling. It is formed of a strong iron casting in the box- like end of which is embedded a composi- tion that greatly resembles asbestos in its properties. This composition is fastened down by a wire mesh, and when being used is soaked with paraffin, and set in the (grate. It is than lighted and coals heaped on in the ordinary way, and as soon as the fire is ‘ well alight is removed i Village Library Fund.” Prince Bernadette. second son of the Your King of Sweden and Norway, intends visit.

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