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mâ€" 111 Home mm GOOD RECIPES. To keep Carpets and Rugs Cleanâ€" It is very important, especially in a dirty city, to clean one‘s carpets and rugs at least every three weeks with coarse salt and ammonia. Mix the salt and ammonia in a. bowl together and sprinkle it all over the carpet or rug. whichever it may be. Then take a clean broom and literally scrub the carpet uvithlzthe salt and ammonia,takâ€" lng care not to neglect a single part of it. This will bring out the colors, and freshen them considerably. How to Clean \Vall Paperâ€"Get the preparation that is made of douth at any wall paper store, and clean your own paper. Break off a little piece at the time, taking care to rub it up and down on this paper, and as the dirt rolls off, take asmoo’th’. rag and wipe it down. as you go along. Turn the piece of dough: as it gets dirty on one side, to the other side, and when the entire piece is dirty take a fresh piece and continue as before until the whole wall is cleaned. Some papers clean better th'an others. How to Clean White Kid Gloves or Slippersâ€"In cleaning gloves, take a little bowl of gasoline and dip the gloves into it, rubbing them as quickâ€" ly as possible, and as'hlard as you can, then take them cut and rub each finger separately until it is perfectly dry. The slippers are cleaned the same way. How to Clean Furnitureâ€"Take a little warm water and ivory soap and wash just a little place of the furniture at the time, drying. immediâ€" ately. After this is done take a piece of chamois and rub it thoroughly un- til it looks glossy and brighlt. This is this way furniture is cleaned at furnip ture stores and is better for it than furniture polishi, although a little of it may beused once in a while. It is best to clean the upholstered part of furniture with gasoline, rubbing a lit- , tie at the time with asoft rag. Six-gored skirt of gray cashmere arranged in narrow boxâ€"plaits at the side and back. Material required, cashmere, 45 inches wide. 53-4 yards. MARKETING HINTS. Always buy asmall, hlard cabbage in preference to alarge, loose-leaved oneâ€"it Will taste better and there will be more of it. In buying asparagus, pick out the bunches with long, thin stalks that are green almost up to the butt of the stalkâ€"they are younger. more tender and better flavored If the skin of fowls peel easily it is asign of youth. If the spurs of chickens are over one-quarter of an Inch long don't buy themâ€"it indicates old age. Avoid darkâ€"skinned potatoes with thicklyâ€"set" eyes. The smaller the eye the better the potato. To test eggs, place them in strong salt waterf If fresh, they will sink. Good flour will lump when pressed In the hands. The best lemons are full and hard, and have thin skins. Corset cover .' ‘ ‘ ‘ . trimmed feeling with those who had for nearly twenty. years engaged in an under- ground conspiracy to drive the Eng- lish out of South Africa. To say the least, the Commissioner of Railways did not facilitate the new sistance given by this railway to the Imperial forces. But he was rendered helpless by the fact that the complex- ion of the working force of the sys- tem, from the executives downward, was wholly differentâ€"wholly loyal. The task before the loyal working force of the Cape Government rail- way was for every man to do his best, and for all to riSe to the extra- ordinary occasion. They had to keep the civil traffic going as well as to support the enormous pressure of military business. . So long' as the lines admitted of - it, through train service for passen- gers, mails, live stock, and goods were maintained unimpaired, except that live stock and goods had to give pre- ceded to military traffic. IMMENSE TRAFFIC. Between November, 1899, and the following February the railway car- ried for the military authorities 18,000 animals and 37,000 tons of stores on the Western line, and, on all lines, 70,000 menand 30,000 horses. In the first four months of this. year, to April 30, the lines conveyed what were equal to 60,000 ordinary trucks, most of them many hundreds of miles. 0f troops there were c~qual to more than 11,500 standard four-wheeled trucks carrying 30 to 40 men each. Horses and mules utilized the equivalent of 14,000 trucks and other military traf- fic used what were equal to 35,400 trucks. Most of these vehicles also made‘long runs, Kimberley being 647 miles from Cape Town, and 'Norval's Pont being about as far. These fig- ures show that the railway opera- tives moved more than 500 trucks daily, including Sundays. It must be borne in mind that the line upon which this feat was per- formed is not like one of the great trunk lines of Europe or America. It is a single track road with a ruling gradient of one foot in forty along the first 500 miles out of Cape Town, the first 350 miles out of Port Elizabeth, and the first 300 miles out of East London. The curves, equally difficult to negotiate, are, some of them, of five chains radius. while many have a radius of six. seven, or eight chains. In addition, long dis- tances separate the stations, which makes it difficult for trains going in opposite ways to pass one another, and vigorous health placed by one that has a better habit of growth, for every ton of wook taken unnecessarily from an orchard represents at least as much weight of fruit. Many varieties have two or three superior qualities but woefully lack in many others. The fruit grower of to-day is simply the manufacturer and should have the latest and best improve- ments. Of course there never can be one variety which will be best for all purposes, but it is perfectly possible to produce varieties which for their own special use can be re- lied upon to produce full crops of the best fruit without fail. All this can be done by careful selec- tion and breeding. with Hamburg insertion and edging. Material required, cambric, 32 inches wide, 1 1-4 yards. TO LAUNDER TABLE LINEN. The greatest careisnecessary in washing and ironing fine table linen. Linen should be slightly starched, unâ€" less one has the knack of ironing ‘it while damp until perfectly dry, like French Women do, which gives the proper stiffness. Let tablecloths and napkins get perfectly dry; then pull inlshape, dampen, pack tightly and iron both sides, the right one first,‘ to give the highly-polished surface. Fold mapkins square and cloths lengthwise first, the center-line ever affording a guide to one setting the table to place" everything exactly straight. Linen should be made very damp and ironed dry. -â€"â€"â€".- A. \VORD TO THE GUEST. When paying a visit absent your- self in your own room or out of doors a part of the day;-affect an occupa- tion, if you have it not, and invent an excuse if necessary for leaving the family toseek the refresh- meni‘ of solitude or their regular work. Above all do not wear a “What next ’3” expression as if you constantly expected some entertain- ment to be offered. A hostess should not be expected to be on demand all _ of the time. .â€"_¢_â€"â€"â€"~â€" NOT A HITUH UUUURRED. now OUR ARMY WAS WHIRLED TO THE FRONT IN AFRICA. f 5-4. . HINTS FOR THE FARMER. DRIVING FENCE POSTS. It undoubtedly saves a. good deal of hard work when building fences. where posts“ are required to sharpen the end of the post and with ahuge wooden beetle drive it deeply into the moist soil in spring as far as possible. But the plan has also its disadvant- ages, which are developed after a year or two, when frost lifts up the post every winter, so that if the top of the fences be heavy the post is soon in a tumble-down condition. The failure of the driving down plan of setting posts comes from the fact that usually the post is only driven down to the depth of the annual freezing in win- ter. When- it comes to the “hard pan,” where frost has not penetrated before, the post cannot be driven far- ther. Its point turns up or the top of the post will be split by the severe pounding it will receive. Yet unless the post is set deeper than the frost will penetrate it is very difficult to make it stand erect until decay 'has done its work. In a_soil where there is a deep un- derdrain posts may be set nearly to its depth by driving, and remain so long as the post lasts. The plan is to either build a pile of earth around the post so_as to turn the water away from it, or to bore a.hole through the post somewhere near the bottom, and drive a wooden peg the size of the hole through it and sticking out on either side so far as the post hole will allow. On this peg set athree cornered block that can be nailed both to the peg and the post. This makes additional obstruction for the frost to lift, and if the water has been turned away from the post, and can get off through the underdrains, the fence .will remain firm so long as the post does not rot. W'hen it does rot, it will most likely be at the sur- face, for there the changes of tem- perature and from wet to dry are more frequent than they are deeper in the soil. In most post fences the I FERTILE EGGS. _The Irish Homestead says zâ€"Eggs are‘infertile, or, at least, fail to pro- duce chickens, from various causes. Students of cviculture, and observers of the habits of birds of all classes, both wild and domestic, know wild birds, in almost every instance, hatch a young bird from every eggthey lay, and that fowls, when they revert more or less to their original wild state, also produce a large percentage of chickens from their eggs. For in- stance, when a hen steals away from her flock, and spends most of her time in a semi-wild state, making her nest and depositing her eggs in a hedgerow, wood or some other se- cluded spot, she hatches a strong chick for every egg. The poultry-l keeper who wants to produce strong, healthy chickens, and to have a large proportion of eggs fertile, should, as far as possible, follow nature in the care and management of his breed- ing stock. There are many things that may happen to prevent eggs hatching well. The laying hens may be too fat, or may be too closely con- fined in runs that afford them no facilities for taking exercise. The method of feeding and foods used may not be conducive to the production of fertile eggs in abundance. Green food, water and griCmay not be sup- plied as regularly as they should. part above the ground is much longer ‘ Even though the poultry keeper un- than that below. It sometimes pays derstands his business thoroughly, he to take up posts and board fences is liable to overlook some minor point; that have been long in the ground. or other in, their management which and after putting some diluted car- leads to failure, unless-he studies hab- bolic acid on mitts that have decayed its and wants of breeding stock birds, to prevent further progress, set which differ closely in many ways them with the top part in the soil, from those of fowls kept merely for If this top isl.weu dried it Should producing eggs for table use. Mastery of Transportatlon Problem as Shown by the Britiin Authoritiesâ€"The Splendid Results Achieved. Julian Ralph, writing to the London Daily Mail, says on the subject, "How our army was whirled to the front ;" Now that We appear to see the end of the war and its trials and its tests. We can almost confidently say of one of its accessories that it has been wholly admirable; that it will be re- corded in history as an almost per- fect feature of an undertaking other- wise toc much marred by blunders, flaws, and unanticipated obstacles. I refer to the Cape Government railway system, by means of which the British fought a war in which they were obliged, as it were, to land troops and supplies at Gibraltar, and rush them to the Pyrenees at first and then on to Paris. AS this is literally a feat WhiCh thile 1th; narro‘zt gfuie’ tn?” 5;? be immersed in diluted catholic acid â€"â€"-¢â€"â€"_..- Great Britain may yet have to per- an a a ’ we“ 5 as running' ‘9’ before being placed in (“a ground. It H _ SIGNALS AT SEA, '. __fl_ )- form between those identical points waterless character of the country will then be much less likely to decay\ w V in Europe, it is of double interest to renders 1160935911? the Odrflage 0f “’21- quickly. . They Are Now Made “1111 Iii-anti ter, even for the supplies of the em- ful l‘hcworks. know that Cape Town is 600 milesl . from the Orange River, just as the I ployes at some of the stations. Water Pyrenees are 600 miles from Gibral-i also had to be carried to the troops . - 'at Rensburg when there was fight- tar, and Pretoria and Parts are, re- .p spectively, 1,000 miles from Cape mg on the northern border 0f the Town and Gibraltar. 0°10“)?- NOT A HITCH OCCURRED. COLONEL GIROUARD PRAISED. To move 200'000 troops as fast as It was Colonel Girouard who had they can be landed. and hurry after; the wit to parallel the civil railway them their tents and guns' horses; system with his own military system, ammunition, fodder, and food, would appomting an Officer 0f the Royal strain the resources of a standard- Engineers to Watch and treat With gauge double_tmck trunk line in Eng_ every man in an executive position land; yet not a hitch Occurred in the on the railway staff. This is the performance of this feat by the may Colonel Girouard, of Canadian birth, r0w_gauge Single_track‘mnway whichl who so distinguished himself in the we practically commanded in Southl recent campaigns in “gym. Where he ,Africa_ 1 is still rr. s'deut of th> Egyp‘ian Rail- The Cape Government railways ways' compose a system of, roughly, over 2,000 miles, which consists of three main lines; one from Cape Town, one from Port Elizabeth and one from East; London. These so converge that all three terminate at Buluwayo in one direction, and at Johannesburg and Pretoria in. ' the other, with a TO GET Essr FRUITS. ’ In the old days it was a. mariner’s The fruit grower of to-day must have the ability to adapt himself to ,new methods, new fruits and new lmarkets. By use of cold storage iand rapid transit the finest fruit Ffrom any land can be found in any1 :large market, both in and out 'of season, for while the fruits of one hemisphere are first, waking from their winter’s sleep, on the other the summer sun has done its work and the ripened fruits are on their way to distant'markets. With the world use market, competition is keen, and only the best fruits in the best con- dition will pay. Furthermore, it gen- erally costs much less per ton to pro- duce large, first class fruit than the poorest, meanest specimens that are offered. Small fruit 'exhausts the: tree more rapidly than large fruit. It will thus readily be seen that improved varieties which produce uniformly large. fine fruit are the al must be simple, but that was yes- terday; to-day the case is different. From the many beautiful atio'ns invented by Mr. Pain, the fam- ous maker of fireworks, it would ap- pear that that implicity once demand- led by the old salt in respect of sig- l’nals used at sea is a thing of the past, for signaling at sea is now ac- commodated with that picturesque~ ness associated with the pyrotechnic art. Ten years ago and more it occurred to the firm named to bring, out an en- tirely new system of signaling at sea by night, and they brought it before the notice of the leading steamshi; companies who adopted it at once. To day the pyrotechnic system is gen. eral. Every ship leaving port must carry a certain supply of signals for distresl xpurposes, these consisting of rookels blue lights, detonators and so forth ...........0..â€"â€".â€"» ECONOMY AT LONG RANGE. City Boarderâ€"Wasn't it rather exâ€" pensive to substitute babed wire for rail fences on your farm? Farmerâ€"Yes, the first cost was considerable, but I calculate it will eventually'save enough time to pay more economical manufacturers of belief that all signals to be effectu-7 combin- ' of French cambric,. means of connection with Natal and Delagoa Buy. ' The war crippled these railwaysâ€"at the point of junction with the rail- ways of the Boer Republics, and the junction with the East London line with the other two main lines was actually destroyed. That was when the Boers took Stormberg Junction. One result of that was that the coal supply of the colony from the 80th African mines was cut off, and there- after coal had to be binught from Europeâ€"a doubly serious thing, be- cause, in the first place, it became much more costly, and, secondly, it all had to be carried inthe same di- rection as the troops and supplies, thus adding greatly to the difficulties of the transportation problem. ' DUTCH DISLOYALTY. The railway is presided over by the Railway Department of the Cape Colony Government, whose head is called the Commissioner of Railways. Unfortunately for Great Britain, the disloyal Bond was in control 'of the Government when the war broke out. and the world witnessed the amazing spectacle of acolonial government at subject itself to a charge of common for itself. City Boarderâ€"How so? Farmerâ€"Well. you see, the hired hands don't stop to rest eVery time A. fruit, and also that the product is more salable: ein all, about 100 pieces; but it ll left to the discretion of the varioui companies and owners to carry 0: . ' The tree which needs a good deal board their vessels an", other kind 0 they have occasmn to climb the fence. of pruning to keep it in proper form signals, either for private use 0,. w We have said, for signaling at night Up to the time of the creation 0: the newer system there was no rec ognized or otganizad method for not- ing ships that had passed in the night so that it was a difficult matte: for officials stationed at‘poiuts along the coasts of the various seas to do termine the name and owners of l vessal as she passed, but now, if you were standing by the side of a Lloyd’l agent, and in the black night out a! sea you distinguished‘a blue lighl fore, red light amidships, blue light. aft, and two rockets throwing blue red and green balls simultaneously the same officer would tell you that that was the signal of a boat of a con tain 'line. . The-ilaw does not compels ship‘i owner to carry such signals, but theiJ practicability is so palpable that very few. owners have failed to registei their own peculiar private signals , . 30X~Dlalt8d Skirt mfblue vials. trim med around the bottom with black net and to'swum °°rrmtnms this Pym‘ Odds With the crown» and Willing to and cord passementerie. The skirt hassix gores. Material required, voile, 46 itechnlo Watem "‘5 Signaling at 5e“ i‘ jduly recognized. inches wide, 53â€"4 yards. ..5a.;=-.-.r..nm.â€".'.um ‘ c ' , ' ‘s‘Tni-er .. , should be re- . ' .«w-mmvzntu.‘ Mn!) , -' “232.2 -, ~. ‘~’«~{-.-.â€"-«,«--.n.,. w