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a.......'n_. ._. A _ .. l ll ‘ lesl lllllll. Chinese as mere barbarians. The progress of the world’s scientific but the actual person beaten shall be the male head of her house; and this principle is applicable to all violations of law in which the offender is a female person!“ 'At first sight this may seem likea "woma n’s privilege;" but like many other similar special provisions for wo- knowledge has not been kept pace men, it is in practice the cause or in- with by their scholars, and their moral ideas, especially in regard to kindness and humanity are behind those of the Christian nations; but they are a most learned people in their ancient, mostly useless, ways, and they have made many discoveries in the past, and are highly skilled artistically. We need only remem- ber, to help us to realize this, that the favorite beverage of the world --tea«â€"was discovered by Chinese gar- deners; that the silks that are still tlhe best and most splendid of dress materials were first spun and woven by them; and that the "china" that is so pleasant and cleanly to eat off, and that has replaced the pewter and‘coarlse earthenware plates and jugs of our own forefathers, was, ori- ginally, produced amongst the Chinese. Since it ls universally agreed by thinkers on social science that the position of woman is at once a test of the standing in civilizaton of a nation, and a reason for its furthâ€" er progress, the very low position given to the Chinese women may be a cause as well as a token, of the in-_ ferior place amongst the nations that China now holds. In this respect the leading men of China have for a few years past been slowly awaken- ing to the need for change. The small feel: of the women are tlhc great indication of this being the truth. For countless -oenturies the feet of the little girls have been tied up in bandages, to keep them al- ways as small as those of natural children at five or six years of age. This has been a barrier to the growth of the intelligence of the women as well as'to their influence. It is de« signed to prevent them from moving about freely; and as the spread of thought and knowledge can only be made by communication from mind to mind, the enforced confinement of the small-footed women, joined to their not being able to read, has main- ' ly kept them narrowâ€"minded and ignorant. All the missionary ladies state that the Chinese women can- not think. Miss Miller, missionary listen for a short time, but it is not easy to make them understand, they are so dense. If the foreign lady wishes to speak she can, but if we question them as to the meaning of what we have said, they reply: ‘I am unable to understand; and laugh at ,acquvainb yourselves that all male and , found refuge and hospitality. the idea of its being supposed that ltemale infants'being equally your flash land did not even demand his surren- and “mild, you may be visited by i der, acknowledging the right of Ger iHeaven with some monstrous calamity many to offer him asylum, and it was women can understand.” But this does not exactly show that the woman of China are naturally un- able to- learn. The subordination of the women. to the men is so absolute that the Mill feet are a result of it, and the natural consequence of both causes is the stupidity. The Chin- ese Government made an official ap- polntment of Pung Kwang Yu to give credible misery to the “protected” females. The foot-binding is a device hardly ‘unreasonable if the man must pay the penalty of his wife’s or daugh- ter’s crimes, to prevent the. women going about, acting, and conversing, and so learning to think, on their own account; and there has hardly been in the history of the world a practice that has caused so much agony, so protracted and so acute, as the foot- 'binding of China. Most of us know the misery of an occasional tight boot; think of the poor little girls whose feet, night and day without rest, are deliberately bound up so tightly that they shall not grow! - Mrs. Archibald Little, ' who has .founded a Chinese society against footâ€"binding, to which a good many leading Chinamen have given in their 1names, tells us that it is quite a fre- iquvent thing for the crushed toes to mortify and fall off; and that the pain is always so insupportable that the tiny children are given opium a Isleep. Even then the unhappy little ithings cry aloud in this night, sothat la Chinese mother sleeps witha big lstick beside her in order to get up and Ebeat the little one into silence. \Ve {remember our mothers as the beings Ito whom we owed our most tender .soothing and most ready- sympathy; 1Chinese women remember theirs chief.- ily as torturel‘s who first inflicted un- gspeakable agony and then had recourse ito violent heating to silence the walls of ceaseless pain. It is not, as some English people lthink, only the rich women who are foot-bound. On the contrary, Miss Wil- iliams, missionary, of Kalgan, testifies ith-at "the women and girls who work in the fields all day have smaller feet than the middle-class women have;” and Mrs. Little gives a sad picture of the women that she sees kneeling to ‘do all sorts of heavy field-work, be- canse if they try to stand their tiny feet- sink into the Land. No wonder that we are told, “One thing they are all conscious of, and that is that their hurdle-us are greater than they can ibear, and that life is full of sorrow.” at Amoy, says: "Generally they- will: Infanticide of female children is common, so much so that some twenty years ago a proclamation of a native Viceroy stated that not more than 20 to 30 per cent. of the girls born were permitted to live; “wherefore,” he continued "you are now required to the only‘means of enabling them to ' satisfying meal from one year's end to another." - Other features that help to modiâ€" fy thesad position of Chinese women are the natural love of a father for his child, even if it be a despised girl; and the great respect paid by all Chinese to their ancestors, in which the female parent has some share. A lady doctor in China gives an inter- esting account of the care that Chin- ese sons sometimes bestow on afflict- ed mothers. In one case an old lady wa operated on. by the doctor for cataract in the eye. She was dread- fully afraid of the operation, and her sons actually carried her to the hospital and back home again three times before she finally went through it. Then, for three weeks, during which her eye was still under treat- ment, they never both left her at once, one of them staying in the darkened room in attendance on her incessantly. __+____. THE RIGHT OF ASYLUM. VWN THE HAPPY SEA GULL. [n madcap glee I whlrl and fly ‘ Where storm wlnds rip and rave, I drift and circle In the sky And skim the purple wave. As happy as the day ls long Am I because my boast Is like the burden of my song I’ll ne’er be served on toast. I shimmer where the beach plums bloom, Among the shells I bob‘, And hear the blllous blllow boom In symphony and sob. And to the twilight lullaby I flap along the coast, And ln my rosy rapture sigh : I'll ne’er be served on toast. I often flap my wings at fate When all is bright or black, And gliding down the sky elate In triumph loud‘I shriek. And oft when I outsoar the lark And graze the sun almost, I fondly to myself remark : I’ll ne'er be served on toast. ""3""0 When on the brine I rise and sink Or float the clouds above, I’m lost in joy until I think I'm Aphrodite's dove, Neutral Nations M y Elm-bolu- Rulers. Portugal’s right to grant an asyâ€" llnm at Lourenzo Marquez has been [called .into question by the European Because of time I’m'not the slave E newspapers, and in particular by the That knows the Chain and DOStâ€" 'Enlgnsh press. That Portugal pos_ A wistful waif of wind and wave, :scsscs this right is inndicputable. But I u “8 er be Served 0“ toaSt- git is subject to one important qualiâ€" ific-ation. It is the duty of the poxver K which offens asyllnm to I a fugitive I CleaVe the Shining Ether through :ruller to see that its territory is not The Storm king’s acolyte. 'utilize'd as a basis for fresh acts of 'Agd :ucllll 131:9 llllntilll this Shell 5,1'. - - ' 3., Ora 551 Spteghost, ixlil‘iiiigfyfsf :::t:::: 013:5 §::g:: Which oft will whistle on the swell : g . ’ 111 ne’er be served on toast. 3 to issue from Loureln-zo Marquez pro- :clamations urging the Boers to keep 3 on fighting, England would have valid grounds for demanding the immedi- ate expulsiom of Eli-President Kruger or else of his surrender. I am‘no caged ringed cockatoo, That mopes from morn tlll nightâ€" SHOES FOR DOGS. In his interesting book, “The Apostle I 1 supply of shoes for the dogs when . Cases elf rulers of defeated states travelling by dog-tram, with the ther- iseeking asylum on the territory of mometer from 50 to 60 degrees below neutral powers are relatively rare in l 29m- modern times, the most recent inâ€"' stance having been that of the Arab Prince, who seized the throne of Zam I Sometimes on the rough, sharp ice they a cut th ' J ' zibar on the death of the late Sultan; 911‘ fcet so that they bleed very At other tunes in the rough . 3 much. in the absence of the lawful heir, and l places {they break ofl, the nails from I h . . , who wlnm mined upon by the Bl‘ltwh I their toes or run sharp spikes through Esuzeraln power, to Withdraw, dellber- the webbing between their toes. When :atcly defied the English and train- thus injured they are quite unfltted for ad the guns with which the palace was work, and speedily let it be known that armed upon the Brbtish wapships in something is wrong. harbor. A few hours, engagement An experienced dog will stop and re- 'resulted im the defeat and flight of iiinégdnzoveTZmIRhls $101.? feet are I the usurp”, who, when he found him_ ' o. e Wise missmnary will SB” hard resaea b thg En fish land.‘ have handy a bunch of cotton wool . p ht y f v gth G as well as dog shoes. A little of the lug force, song . re 1138 at e 91" wool, saturated with balsam, gum, is man consulate general’s, from whence fastened over the wounded part of the he was conveyed on board a German foot, then the dog shoe. which is like mun..of-war’s boat, to one of Em- a long mitten, without the thumb, is peror VViZ‘liam’s cruisers. There be drawn on the foot and securely fasten- Eng_ ll ed wlth a piece of deerskln. _ l expedients to get them on. They will fithe people of l'sla'm.” of the North,” Egerton R. Young tells welcome. of the importance of carrying a large fall thick and fast. Shoes for the dogs are essential, as: a dog’s foot is very liable to lnjuryfi opportuny of breaking bread with their fathers in the presence of a guest, but will wait upon both until the father, rising, allows them the their visitor. M A Turk always stands in the pres- ence of his mother, until invited to sit down, a compliment he pays to no one else. The Moor pays great respect to his elders, and to see» two elderly, or digni- fied Moors salute is a pretty sight. With measured pace, the eyes of each fixed on those of the other, they ap- proach with a sllght inclination, holding the right hands slightly ad- vanced. They press their finger tips together and begin‘ a volley of pre- scribed Salutations, greetings and in- qulries, hardly pausing to insert re- plies, and ejaculatlng frequently, “God be praised.” Then each presses the fin- lger tips which have been honored by contact with those of his friend against his lips and then upon his heart, as he raises his head and re- doubles his salutations. 'The old cus- tom of falllng on one another's neck: is still in vogue between friends long. separated. Inferiors saluting super- iors usually klss the hand, shoulder, top of turban or feet. or the knee or stirrup of a horseman, according to the terms on which they approach. In the extremity of humility, the very feet of one's horse are embraced. When a Moslem meets a~European accompanid by a Moor, though the flatter be the servant, he not infre- {quently ignores the presence of the foreigner, and offers the salutatlon :to his co-religionist only, but if he passes a party of Moors, Jews or ‘hl-lsllans, he excl-aims, “Peace be on The way to Tspeed the parting guest is to exclaim, §"God give Lilee peace." To those whose presence has never been desired, it '12; usual to exclalm ln tones sufficientâ€" ly explicit, "God protect thee.” "Be welcome, at home and at ease," is the Courteous interrogatories "How art thou ? Thy house ?"-â€"the nearest approach permitted to inquiry after a man's wife. CLOVVNS AND CIRCUS BOYS. The average boy cannot help tlllnku lng that to travel with a circus must be the grandest life in the world, but to be the clown as well would be the very height of bliss. Even the children who travel with the show envy the clown and want to learn his business. With one of the big shows out this year is a “circus rider” only 8 years old. His father and mother are rld- ers, and where the law allows it he takes part with them in their act. In Spangled white he rides a white norse bareback, leaps through hoops, is hoisted to the shoulder of his father and is carried at a swift pace around the ring. This is all, fun for himâ€" but what he. really wants is to be a. clown. All his spare time he can be found l The dogs get to be very fond of these turning "$93398," and handsprlngs ,shoes’ and sometimes resort to queer and practicing on the parallel bars, for a. clown, as everybody knows, if yolu rear only the male and drown only a year or two afterward, when. the female children." The retribution having established himself on the that he threatened, however, was that mainland in the German-East Afri- "repeated female births follow i-nlcan colony, England made quiet re- m'any 03385 When the female infants presentations at Berlin against the have been drowned l" - Prince being allowed to use German A Chinese father does not count territory as a basis of ntrigues his girls as children; he will say that against the present Sultan. n. discourse on Confucianism to the Chicago World's Fair Congress in 1893, on mligion. Tlhe mandarin re- feu‘red considerably to the view-stak- en of the women in China under that religion, which is the State and till: leading faith, though "Buddhism" and "Taoism" are also forms of religion followed by many Chinese. Confuc- ianism, on which the laws and cus- tomsame based,teaches that the wife is to regard her husband in just the same light as man is to regard God. Women are not to be allowed to learn anything except from the male head (if/their own family, and- only what he pleases; and the mandarin stated that the main cause for the native'dislike of the missionaries is that they try to- teach the women to believe in Christianity apart from, and independent of, their husbands. "In. China," he. said, "the responsibi- ' lity of educating the women rests with the head of each family; the primary object is to preserve female modesty. _ If such a practice as giv- ing religious instruction directly to women and girls is allowed it will have the effect of driving away. from llhe Christians I all those who value filial piety, truth, probity, rectitude, and sincerity, or who have any sense of shame!" _ To make Christian hearers under- stand the impossibility of Chinese wo- men having any independent. thoughts or act-ions, Pu‘ng Kwang further in- formed them that "Chinese law pro- vides that in the case of a‘fem‘alelper- Ion violating the law. the punishment for it is inflicted upon the male head of the family. Chinese law provides t'lhlatawo‘man burning incense to an- wstors publicly, a sacrilege for a Woman, shall be punished with stripes, ifianall' he has no children when half-a-doz- en famele offspring are running about his home. A husband may divorce his wife merely at his caprice and for no cause; but in no case of even the worst outrages, can a wife so. free herself from a bad husband. Girls are sold as slaves, under the pretended name of "adoption." by their purchasers. Themarriage ofawidow isconsidered disreputable. The married women work very hard, and have to pay their husbands for their keep, as well as to find: the men .in clothing and oth- er things. Marriage portions are al- ways demanded in classes above the very lowest, and a girl who has no money has little ohanoe'of honorable marriage, but will have to be taken as an. "inferior wife’fiin a polygamous- fashion. . ' Yet while the women are thus de-. graded, the natural affection of a man of good feelings for his wife, and the influence of personalchar- actor in some ‘ women, results in a different state of affairs practically: A missionary says :-â€"-- . ,"The true stateorf affairs immany; _ househOlds is'well illustrlted bythe present position of the Luiperorrand Dowager Empress. “In nearly all Chinese families, the ruling power 'is: really in the hands of some women, whose decisiolnswith regard towdor mastic matters at , any rate- are And ‘another'says- that it is useless to convert the men alone,'as .in that case idol worship will continue in the house just the same; and it is no good to ask the converted husband why he does not put a stop to it. ' All the writers are agreed as to the in- tense poverty of the majority of the Chinese. “Many of th 3:: women nev- er know- What it is to have a full, Emperor Napoleon III. was too cleverly trapped by the Germans at Sedan to enable him to carry out his project of seeking an asylum on Bel- gian soil, which he- subsequently traâ€" versed as a prisoner of war on parole on his way to the palace of Wilhelm~ shohe, which had been assigned to him by Empenor William as a resi- dence during tlhe remainder of the war. Ex-President Kruger Is now on his way to Holland, where he expects to make his home. The English Govern- ment will no more dream of offering any. objection to hisbeing received there with honor and hospitality than was vmade by France when England received with analogous distinction and tokens of regard France’s various exiled rulers and pretenders, or by .Prussia when Austria gave a chivalrâ€" ous welcome ands most generous re- ception to the. defeated and exiled King of Hanover, to the fugitive Elec-_ tor of. Hesse Cassell, and to the dispos- sessed Duke of Nassau. â€"-â€"-â€"â€"0- ONE WHIEAT GRAIN. Did.ny ever stopl to think of the responsibilities ofa grain of wheat? We‘are so used. to seeing the field sown with wheat and the crop come rup'a'nd ripen that we quite forget how eachilittle'grain‘ does a great work through the summer days in multiâ€" plying and adding to the farmer’s harvest. \A farmer once planted one grain' of white Australian wheat, and at harvest time from it had sprun 1.860 grains of large, fat wheat. Be planted 10 acres of this wheat and har- vested 177 sacks, each‘ weighing 138 pounds. The single grain spoken of produced ,36 stalks, so you see even a grain of wheat helps wonderfully. someumeg pretend to be very footsore; must be more skillful at everything and 1f the night be especially cold at than everybody else. Then, too, when the camp, they Wm howl and whine for. he does a. clever acrobatic trick it them in a way that is pathetic, thought comes as a. surprise, and he gets twice at times very laughable. Mr; Evans. 2 as much applause as anybody else. famous train of half dogs, half wolves, There are half a dozen or more would lie down on their backs, a_,.,d',child1'en with every large circus, and holding up their four feet, would howlf they have small chance of getting an for him or Henry, his native Indianl education, except in the winter time, helper, to put on their shoes. same thing. ETIQUETTE AMONG CHINESE. According to the laws of good so- city in China. young widows should not remarry. Widowhood is therefore held in the highest esteem, and the older the wldow, the more agreeable her position becomes. Should she reach 50 years, she may, by applying to the Emperor, get a‘ sum of money with which to buy a tablet, on which her virtues are named, the tablet be- ing placed over the door at the prin- cipal entrance to her house. Contrary to the practice that pre- vails in other countries, the' deference shown to women in Austria increases with age. No Austrian 'would ever dream of receiving a. lady’s extended hand without bowing to kiss lt. Chilâ€" dren, even When grown, always touch the hands of their parents with thelr lips before venturing to raise their faces for a kiss. Girls and young mar- ried women, no matter how lofty their station, do not consider it beneath their dignity to kiss the hands of la- dies who have attained a certain age. Austria, Indeed, is the paradise of old ladies. The. men are also extremely courteous, not only to ladies, but to each other. The Arabs show their friendliness when meeting by shaking hands six or eight times: Arabs of rank go be- yond this and embrace each other sev- eral times. The social etiquette of the desert, or among the Arabs, is a factor in life to be considered serious- ly if one wishes to live among them without friction. Thus, no greater insult can be offered to an Arab than a friendly inquiry as to the welfare of his wlfe, to us a. natural clvlllty, but. to him a gross lmpertlnence, blt- terly resented. _Sons will never sit at meal with l l I Other! and very few of them attend then. missionaries have had their dogs do the-5 Nearly always, however, there 15 some man with the circus who is well edu- cated and who cares enough for the children to teach them what he knows and school is kept on the empty bench- es in the big tent after the afternoon show. Nearly always the teacher is a clown, for, strange to say, these mak- ers of fun really are often good-na- tured and good-hearted fellows, who are well educated as well. These vol- unteer teachers get nothing extra for their work as teachers, but they do not expect anything. The idea that they are helping these bright young- sters on in the world is pay enough. THE SAGAGIOUS RAT. One‘ day a well-fed and sagacious rat came across an object made of stout wires, whose sole occupation seemed to be to take care of a liberal piece of cheese. Having had several years' ex- perience with men and their machina- tions, the rat looked the ground over With great care, and he was still en- gaged in this occupation when a. mouse appeared and wanted to know what was ID. - “Why, the fact ls," replied the rat, “I have more chees here than I can pos- . slbly eat at one meal, and as cheese quickly spoils ln tllls cllmate I was waltlng for someone to come along and 1 accept a portion." "You are very, very generous," said the mouse. "Don't mention it. Just step inside and pass the cheese out, will you 7" The mouse no sooner nibbled at the bait than there was a. crash, and he found himself trapped. "Ah, that’s the way it works, is it 7" queried the rat. “I couldn’t just make it out. Um ! I see. Sprlng there some- where. Very good idea.” "But I'm caught l” exclaimed the mouse, in great agitation. "So I observe." “And what's to be done ?" “Well, I leave that for you to decide. I let you in on the ground floor, and my responsibilities cease there. Fin: day. Hope we shall have a large harvest.” There is a good moral to this anec- dote. Think it out. .. ...... --m at, .. -_m.~.,..~“.~.m~..wu.mz .‘ » an”... H . \â€" "v"»f\".. ‘J‘HN‘V K ’ --“\,-\/‘~ f , \ ‘~,,".“,. ‘~. ‘ ‘.