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L] 'AIv.‘ .321 'pounds of 4- per 1,â€"- p\’ x, u; t, 5., \z ‘1 \I ‘1 *4 at). 4:.» L. COW-é. 9+ +K flee. i s ..l \ "1 63'7"" '3'?“ 9'? x' z , \ ' I ~.“': '. I 3 FARMER§§5 “#4 7}. 3% .9 5 71‘: I ‘ Seasonable and Profitable é Hints for the Busy Tillers of the Soil. 3, 3%: \.~ \1 «,1 \I x: \A/ \u \I l; s; «wk-o- OPERATING A SMALL DAIRY. Compelle'd some years ago by failâ€" ing health to quit the mercantile business, \veâ€"my wife and lâ€"rcnted a, small farm with 20 acres under cultivation, since increased to 30.. and 40 acres of brush pasture, says D. Foster. We agreed to keep only onecew. A neighbor wanted to buy milk of us, then another, and a couple more, necessitating an- other cow. Other customers kept coming, with a corresponding inâ€" crease in the number of cows, so that now we have 20, averaging nearly 7,800 pounds‘of milk yearly. Despite the glowing representations of parties from whom I have bought cows, I have never yet found one who could tell just how much the cow had done in any one year of her life. I have also found that I succeeded in getting one good milkâ€" er out of about every four cows I purchased. I have no guessing in my method. I weigh the milk from each cow at milking time and record same. My minimum requirement is 6,000 cent milk, or its equivalent, per year. No other qualifications ‘ will induce me to ‘keep a, cow that falls below this standard. Keeping a record for a year gives) many strange results. it shows that many a cow that runs the pail over when fresh falls behind '0-3K - the one Who never gave more than 30 pounds per day. I also found this record service- able in regulating feed rations, watching the effect of different feed stuffs and increasing the production of each~ individual cow.. Aside from other results, it interests the hired help in making each cow produce as much as possible. The yearly record shows the best cow in the ‘_herd and also the poorest, and she is THE ONE WE ARE AFTER. As to the stable, let the walls be airtight, the ceiling not too high â€"not over 7-1.- feetâ€"one window, 36 inches square, to each two animals. with a double sash in the winter. The walls also should be whitewashâ€" ed at least once a year. As to ven- tilation, the King system is best, for which apply to experiment sta- tion. The cows also should face each other. Now as to feeding. the man who has plenty of fodder need not fear the drouth, of which we have more or less every summer. Firstâ€"class silage I mean that made from a leafy rcorn, fully mature, not dry, with ears averaging 3 inches long to each stalk 8 feet high, preserved in silo with absoluter airtight walls, the corn being kept highest next to the walls when filling. I plow for corn in the fall because it gets the work out of the way for spring. During the winter I haul out ma- nure, l5 loads to the acre, and as early as possible in the spring disk the land. I plant corn in drills, 3 feet 8 inches apart, and put in 12 to 16 quarts of seed to the acre, accord- ing to size of kernel. I want a stalk to grow every 4 inches in the row. I practice a three or four years‘ rotation of crops, according to my success in getting a stand in clover-1 If the clover misses in the corn, next year I sow that field with oats and peas, cutting just after the oats head out and,euring for hay. Fifteen acres corn, 7;â€" acres clover and 7:}â€" acres oats and peas cut for hay, furnish all the good, rich roughage needed by 20 cows, 15 head of young stock and three horses for a year, silage fed to cows 365 days. My neighbors argue that I exhaUst the land by raising such big crops, but I have figured to show that my crops are getting big- ger every year. I feed grain to cows ‘ all the year round, very little of course when the grass is at its best. My neighbors also tell me that cows will‘wear out if given all the good feed they want to eat, but mine are getting better every year. PLOWING EARLY. My experience leads me to believe that it is especially desirable to plow early for winter wheat and to delay the seeding much later than usually recommended, writes Mr. Geo. H. Smith. Early plowing not only results in a compact seedbed, but by beginning the work as soon as harvest is over, it is pCSSiblc to utilize spare time to best adv-anâ€" tagc. After PXOWiDg‘, S'UfllCit‘nt Clll-{facturers’ Association, paid a While plowing need not be deep, it must be done thoroughly. Four or five inches is probably most satisfactory in a ma- jority of the winter wheat belt States. Deeper sary, as the roots of the wheat plant are surface feeders and do not go down very deep. I believe surface of the ground after plowing is much more valuable than if ap- I scatter my manure over the field, then folâ€" roller and work it into the upper layer. In plied and plowed under. low with harrow and this way it is made very fine and, being mixed with the surface s01], the plant food contained is at one available "“ FOR THE YOUNG PLANTS. This gives them a good start, makes them healthy and vigorous and en- to withstand unfavorâ€" ables them able weather conditions better than when the land is not fertilized. In the winter wheat belt there is no question as to the comparative of drilling and broadcasting is so much supeâ€" rior to the other method that those value wheat. The drill who have tried its efficiency. ' it seldom question for some time to come. Of drills, the press drill is without doubt the best. especially where the soil is at all light or subject to drouth. The earth just above the seed is pressed down, enabling it to collect and reâ€" thus giving the tain moisture, young wheat healthy start. The amount of plant a quick and and kind of soil. â€"As peeks an acre is most satisfactory. Some farmers claim that with good land, good culture, etc., three peeks will give a good crop. This may do in some localities, but where the ‘weather is very severe there is any question at all as to the vitality of the seed, ing the seed, always be sure that it is perfectly clean and that all the dwarfed and shrunken kernels be gotâ€" ten rid of. Most of the modern fan- ning mills are so arranged that weed seeds and chaff are removed and also the wheat itself graded. Choose only the grades with large. healthy kernels, lien of plump, vigorous, large seed. KEEP UP THE MILK FLOW. In order that the best results may be had from milch cows they must be provided with a supply of milk flow is always feed supply. It the pastures during growing influences. There should be a remedy at hand short can this be to relieve these periods of grass supply. How done ? The soiling crops may be employed, and these so arranged as to succeed each other and thus re- lieve the pastures during such times or seasons as the shortage of the grass will not keep up the milk flow. It is quite important that the milk flow be maintained, as when once lost it is seldom recovered, and never without considerable cost of feed and care. It is much easier to retain the flpw than to recover it when once influences are permitted to destroy it. What these soiling crops shall be we cannot safely suggest, as your soil, climate and general conditions will best direct you in this: selection. Rye, alfalfa, oats and peas, swaet corn and field corn in about the order mentioned will be found good soiling crops and will help out in the lack- of pasture that may chance to happen to the injury of the milch cows. It is now time to plan and plant in order that there be no mis- take in keeping up the flow of milk. These little crops are of great ser- vice wlren the need requires and al- ways will pay much more than the expense of sewing, planting and culâ€" Kiumu not MARKET NOW OVERCROWDED AND MEN STILL POUR IN. â€". Mr. Geo. H. Hees, of Toronto, Re- ports on His Mission to the Yukon. Mr; Geo. I-I. Hoes, who is chairâ€" man of the Commercial Intelligence Committee of the Canadian Manu- visit tivation in the Way Of Ilfll‘l‘OWing 01' lto the Klondike last June, and his disking must be done to keep down weeds and to prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture. Where the soil is naturally very loose, follow the plow with a roller in order to compact it, then go over the field with n, harrow, loosening the upper layer. It is good practice when plowing is done during a dry- period. to roll at the end of the day all the land that has been plow- ed during that day. If this is not done. the soil may become so thor~ oughly dried out that germination wilfbe impossible until very late in the season. Then too. if the ground should happen to be cloddy, break up these clods at once by rolling and harrowing, as the work can then be done more satisfactorily and more cheaply than at any other time. I l report to that body for presentation to the annual meeting at Halifax was published recently in the organ of the association. ,’ Mr. Hees points out that in J anu- ary’Bradstreets’ reported 105 busi- ness houses, .large and small, in Dawson, in July these had shrunk to 67, 55 of which had credit rating only, and 377both capital and cre- dit rating. Of, these latter "many are large transportation and comâ€" mercial companies, which send their buyers to ‘purchase a'year's supply in the world's markets, which supply . they have at the'mouth of the Yu- kon before the river breaks up. They thus take advantage of the cheap freights and make it difficult for the small dealer'paying‘ the higher rates via Skagway to make a living. Mr. Hces was told by Governor Ross plowing is unneces- that the barnyard manure applied to the' Broadcasting, howâ€" ever, is still practiced in some sec- tions and will probably be the rule seed for an acre varies somewhat with the locality a rule five and where a large amount. should be put. in. In selectâ€" as the Iowa. exâ€" periment station. proved that yields may be increased from two to five bushels an acre simply by the selecâ€" uniform, full feed. The shrinkage in due to uneven may be from a change of feed, but more frequently from shortage of feed caused by midâ€" summer drought or a drying up of unfavorable for winter wheat [ that a dollar in the East. would pur- chase as much as $4.50 in. Dawson. Few, if any, buildings in the city are plastered, and they were crowdâ€" ed so close together that no insur- ance company would take the risks. Latterly a paid fire brigade has been instituted, and some shops had been insured at .10 per cent. per annum, and private houses at.5 per cent. There were two banks, 48 lawyers, and 44 doctors in DaWSon. ‘DISAGREES WITH MR. WADE. “I quoted to Governor Ross,” states Mr. I-Iees, “the remarks re- ?oao@oa:eeo@oeoso®saeef FGR a? iian .___.__ ______â€"â€"~€i 3 . 3 Recipes for the Kitchen. 53 o Hygiene and Other Notes & @ .i‘or the Housekeeper. 9 " o seaeemoeeeoeowcaseoeee WATERMELON PRESERVES. Cut a melon open and scoop out cently made in Toronto by Mr. Wade Fhe meat Clean, 1111611 cut the rind in a lecture before the Canadian Club, which was afterwards publish- large' ed in pamphlet form and scattered broadcast throughout Canada: He said: “When I tell you that only fifty miles have been there are seven thousand miles of creeks in the Yukon, almost all which are unprospected, you can have some idea of the. future which lies before that country. G overno r nient is misleading, and should not have been made." dreds and thousands of prospectors have been exploring and prospecting every creek and mountain in that country, and no new discovery of importance has been made for more than a year. “I have permission from Mr. Senkâ€" ler, Canadian Assistant Gold Comâ€" missioner, to use his name as sayâ€" ing: The output of gold in the Klonâ€" dike last year was over $24,000,000. The production of the coming year, according to the Government’s esti- mates, will not exceed $14,000,000, a falling off of nearly oneâ€"half. The reason forthis very large decline is that the old creeks, or “finds,” are being worked up, and no new disâ€" coveries have been made for more than a year. “’i‘l'e hope of .the Klondike now is the discovery of gold-bearing quartz of sufficient richness to pay to work. So far no such quartz has been discovered. MINES PLAYING OUT. “I had exceptional facilities for seeing the gold fields. Many of the mines on the creeks are being work- Many are Many are work- ed‘ to their full capacity. being half worked. ing over their seconds or ‘tailings,’ and many mines already are worth. year by year. "There is now.in Dawson a great surplus of laborers, who are arriving almost crowd of idlers. (litions and seeing in almost every issue of the Seattle, San. Francisco, and other papers the glowing ac- counts of help feeling that the transportation companies are responsible for those alluring stories. Dawson is about 4,500 miles from Toronto. From daily to swell the St. Michael’s to Vancouver is about 2,800 miles, and from. St. Michael's up the Yukon to Dawson about 1,- The Yukon is navigable 400 miles. for light draught boats 1.760 miles. The c‘ost of a two months’ trip would be between $500 and $600.” DAWSON SOCIALLY. Dawson is so favorably situated, and, being the headquarters of the Government and Mounted Police for the. Territory, whether the mines in- crease or decline, it must always be a city of importance. son cannot be found. the nomadic mining towns, social life of Dawson is one of its leading features. It has its social “400,” and those admitted to its exclusive circle will find many charm- ing and hospitable people. One of the events of the year in Dawson occurs on its longest day, June 21st, when the people make a pilgrimage to Dome Mountain, back of the city, to see “the midnight sun." .‘Dau’son lacks a. little more than one decree of being in the Arcâ€" tic Circle. In midsummer there is little difference in light between noon and midnight, and it is a common sight to see its people playing out- door games â€"- lawn tennis, cricket, baseball, and lacrosseâ€"after midâ€" night. Saloons, restaurants, fruit shops, etc.. keep open all night. On June 21st one party sent a. pack horseladen with picnic eatables and drinkables to the top of the moun- tain. where we saw the sun go down in the west at 10.35 p. m., and rise in the northwest at 1.30 a. m., only two and a half points in the com- pass from where it descended. The twilight .of the setting and rising sun made the light as bright as noon-day, and at midnight photo- graphers took groups of visitors. The pictures, which I have seen, Show a noon-day atmosphere. In winter all is reversed, and during the shortest days the sun is visible only a little, while about noonâ€"day. There are many Toronto people in Dawâ€" son, and all seem happy and ‘ en- thusiastic over the glories of the "Golden North." W One-fifth of the married couples in France have no children. worked. and that of large lemons. Ross said “that stateâ€" Since 18.97 hunâ€" of the mines .have been worked out and are abandoned. It will take many years â€" some say 10 to 20 years â€"â€" to work out the discovered. The mines are now in the hands of those who have capital to work them, and they are being worked for all they It only follows, unless new fields are discovered, that the yield will grow smaller and smaller ready and eager to go to work. I am told there are ten applicants for evâ€" ery job available, and yet boat load after boat load of adventurers are Knowing these con- the Klondike one cannot A more or- derly and law-abiding city than Daw~ Considering people that flock in Dawson is compara- tively free from vice and crime. The Into broad pieces, leaving some quite N Peel each piece with a sharp knife exactly as you do a lemon, taking off all the green and removâ€" ing also every vestige of the pink part. For every eight pounds of fruit, provide six of sugar, four ounces of green ginger root and five After you have peelâ€" ed the melon rind, cover it .with'cold water and add a level teaspoonful of salt; leave the rind in this solution 24 hours; then put it into fresh waâ€" ter in which you have dissolved at saltspoonful of alum, and let it stand over night. Next morning wash it well, and with a sharp penknife cut it in fancy designs, and there is exercise for great taste and ingenuity in this part. of the work. I was once entertained by a Vir- ginia. housekeeper, says a writer in an exchange, whose watermelon pre- serves were as beautiful as jewels. Their translucency was wonderful, and the crystal jar seemed to hold imprisoned gold and topaz. Among the designs were oak and grape-vine leaves and the exquisite maple leaf. Stars. and crescents, a tiny fish, rings, and even a. bunch of grapes, with delicate tendrils curling above, were seen through the clear glass; and held in the sunlight a perfect shower of golden gleams delighted the eye. After the alum bath the rind is soft yet firm, and can be cut in fancy shapes with little vegetable or garniszh cutters. The rings were cut out with an empty yeast powder can, and the little disks taken from the centre of each by a" thimble. These disks were pretty in them- selves, serving to fill up spaces. Af- ter the carving is done, lay all the pretty things in cold Water until syrup is ready. Slice the lemons, rind and all, but take out the seeds, put into boiling water to cover and boil thoroughly tender, which will be in about half an hour. Scrape and slice the ginger very thin and put it on to a boil; it will take a couple of hours, more or less, to get this tender, according to the toughness of the root, but it must be thoroughly tender before you use it. Put the sugar in a preserving kettle, allowing a pint and a half of water to the six pounds: use for this the water in which thelemons were boiled, adding plain boiling water to make the proper quantity. Let the sugar dissolve slowly and come to a simmering point. While the lemons and ginger are boiling put the rind into boiling waâ€" ter to cover and boil about three- quarters of an hour, or until it looks evenly transparent: then drain from the water and dry as thor- oughly as possible, even absorbing the moisture from the pieces by means of a soft towel. Lay them on a flat china dish to cool; they will look dejected and limp and alâ€" most discourage you, but that is 'just the way they should look at this stage. Now you must boil your syrup hard until it bubbles and froths and sputters well; then set to one -si(le and let it subside into quiet before you skim it. Put into the syrup the rind, the lemons and the ginger, adding some of the water in which the ginger was boiled: this is a wonderful improvement if the water be pungent of the root. Boil until you see your pretty designs fill out thoroughly and eaclrbecome rich and translucent; then skim the fruit care- fully from the syrup and put into wideâ€"mouthed jars, placing them to show well through the sides. Boil the syrup about 20 minutes longer; pour a generous supply over the fruit and cover while hot. All this sounds very complicated, but it will fully repay you for the labor expended. . If, however. you ‘want a sweetmeat that tastes just as good, although will not. look as pretty, cut - your rind into small squares, oblongs or cubes, and carry through the same soaking and cookâ€" ing process. WAYS OF COOKING EGGS. Egg Croquettes.â€"Boil about ten minutes. Chop very fine. Allow six eggs for six croqucttes, one cup milk, one teaspoonful butâ€" ter, two teaspoons flour. a little chopped parsley, a clash of onion. pepper and salt. Make the cream sauce in the usual way.‘ Mix with the eggs and set aside to cool. When cold, form into desired shape, dip in egg and in cracker crumbs, and fry in smoking hot fat. ,Serve with tomato sauce. Egg Fondue.-â€"Bcat six eggs lightâ€" ly, add salt, pepper and five tableâ€" spoons very‘ finely chopped cheese.” Melt 'one tablespoon butter in a saucepan, turn in egg with cheese andstir until eggs are of jellyâ€"like consistency. Serve immediately on squares of hot buttered toast on a dish garnished with yellow nasturâ€" tiums and a. few green leaves. Snow Eggsâ€"One quart milk, six eggs, four tablespoons sugar, one _.teuspoon lemon. Separate yolks land whites. Beat whites to still’ gfroth. Let the milk with sugar addâ€" ed comc to the boil in a saucepan. eggs for "place for them. Drop in the whites of eggs, a' spoon- ful at a. time. Cover the sauce- pan for two minutes, turn snowballs over, and cook for two minutes. longer. Take out with a skimmei and place in fancy dish. Take mill; from fire and allow it to cool a bit. Beat the six yolks, add four tea- spoons cold milk, and stir all into the hot milk. Place saucepan agai: on fire and stir until just below the boiling point. Add flavoring. Poul mixture over with sugar and shredded cocoa- nut. Serve ice cold. Eggs and Tl‘omatoesâ€"Tl‘ake the to- matoes left over from dinner. Rut through a colander, let them boil, and add a good pinch of soda, a bit of butter, salt, pepper and a few cracker crumbs. Scramble six eggs. Put on a hot platter and pour hot tomatoes over them. Garnish with parsley. A delicious supper dish. Decorative Pickled Eggsâ€"Put hardâ€"boiled eggs into a jar with pickled beets. They will color a beautiful shade of pink, and sliced make a nice garnish. Oyster Omelet.â€"â€"â€"Select :35 good oysters, and cook in saucepan until pails are ~well cooked. Drain and save the liquor. Put in a saucepan one teaspoon butter and one of flour. Add to the liquor enough milk to make pint. Stir until boiling; add oysters, salt and pop per. Stand over hot water to keep hot. Make a plain omelet with six eggs. Put, omelet on goodâ€"sized platter. Pour oysters over it and serve immediately. Dutch Omeletâ€"Make three small omelets. Spread with jelly or sweet- meats as with a layer cake. Sprinkle with sugar. . Eggs and Celeryâ€"The yolks of hardâ€"boiled eggs chopped fine with celery make a delicious change for a supper dish. Make a creaan sauce well seasoned, and mix with eggs and celery. Pour over pieces of buttered toast. Garnish with the white of eggs cut in rings, and some green celery leaves. Puff Eggs, Bakedâ€"Toast uniform slices of bread and butter well. Place in a shallow pan. Beat tha white of an egg until it stands alone. Place in a square on the toast and carefully drop in the yolk. Sprinkle salt, pepper and dots of butter over the top. Brown in a hot oven and serve at once. larno ish dish with parsley. ADVICE NOT TO BE FOLLOWED. Reading in bed is seriously advis ed, so the newspapers say. 'by a phy- sician as conducive to “repair and resting.” “relieving conges- tion,” emptying the veins overfillec by prolonged eye work. Certainl; the one who gives this strange per nicious advice could never have triel' the plan. Some-years ago there wa: described a patent device for sus pending the book over the horizon tally placed head of a sick person whereby reading would be possibh without holding the book in tin hands. Even then one wonders how the light could be made to fall pro~ perly upon the page. Without 2 method of the kind not even a well , person could hold a book five min utes above the eyes. Reading in beci has killed thousands of good eyes Unless: one sits up in bed as if in a chair it is impossible to hold lhf book in such position that the arms, are not quickly tired and so that the light falls on it properly. When reading lying down there is true tion upon the inferior recti muscle: which is highly injurious. Every patient should be warned never to read in bed except when sitting up as vertically as in a chair. .1 THE MOST OI" YOUR YARD. I You often hear people say: "Oh, yes. I love flowers, and I’d have lots of them, too, but I have no Just look at ill) yardâ€"â€"nothing will grow in it." Now the reason why nothing would grown in it is chiefly because noth~ ing is planted in it. I don’t can how gravelly or worn out the soil it a yard is, these defects may In remedied with comparatively little trouble, and there are very few peo- ple but who can. have at least on! plot of flowers if they want it. ()l course, there are families. even it the country, who are so driven witl work that ll()\\'c'.'~grov.'ing has it "take a back seal.” if it is attempt ed at all. and such people are ex cused. But the person with plenty of time. who laments that heâ€"â€"or shv â€"â€"car.n-:)t grow flowers because “the yard is in such terrible condition,’ is woefully lacking in enthusiasm in say the least. __.._._._4,..__...___. REPORTING Ill'S WIFE. When Mr. Chandler was Secret-hr; of the American Navy, he issued or ders that officers should not permi their wives to reside at the foreigi stations to which their husband were attached. The order wa promptly rescinded upon the rcceip by the Secretary of the l‘ollowini from Commodore Fyll‘e. in connnani of the Asiatic Squadron: “It be comes my painful duty to repor that my wife, Eliza ili‘yll'c, has, in dis obedience to my orders, and in fao of regulations of the Department taken up her residence on the stu tion. and persistently refused 1;; leave.” +__.____... “The weather is very trying. tl everybody," said the physician “Yes,” replied Mr. Mceton ; don’t see how my wife is going U bear up under it. When the $111 doesn’t shine it gives her the blues and when it does she Says it's fad ing the carpet.” over the snowballs, dust , ~..".I‘~‘ ‘x' xx _‘~..-\ >~Vw¢.,x-,â€"5.w~‘~.fi(vf < . ;‘ . .. . \A‘ .‘ r w -‘_ - _, _..~. “WNV r. .. N. V. *t'.) .213 .-,‘-.- 3. 7. f l .e As “ ‘_. a .’ Abigtwi ‘: kflfizfifiuay‘v