The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

i". i-Ei n it uh .m, il’ii’S ASF Z. A confisroaossr rsisits Tamil THE sssriri Tn: WORLD. ~ â€"â€" l i They ltnv: No Fear of Deathâ€"I'lenty of : Volunteers for Perilous arrvlrr-sâ€" Deeds That Would (flour)- IIH‘ Annals orAny Countryâ€""icy Arc rum .1 l-‘t-w (final: I Dayâ€"Patriotism Per-rad" the Milton. But could Japan becon e the aigressor and attack Asiatic Russia? To my mind that is a question of money rather than of relative fighting worth. Japan is not rich, though the can make the war more cheaply than Russia, and she might be unable to bear the strain of a long struggle with a great power, but resting the issue upon the fighting merits of the combatant armies the Japan- ese would put the Russians to the severest military test they ever had. \Vhy '3 to answer this I shall give rzason iorthe belief that the Japanese is the best soldier in the world. First is the matter of courage. He not. only has no fear of death, but he does no;- value life. So great are the honors paid t0 the bodies and familes of men who have i Infantry. sailor looks to such a fate as to a brig-':L . . was carried rapidly dowii stream. prospect or afair haven, and he goes to meet it not only unfiinchingly, but. with a smile. In all the battles that Japan has fought, from the bloody struggle at Ping Yeng to the assaults upon the forts at 'I‘alien- wang, Port Arthur, and Wei-hai-wei, not a straggler or a dese'rter has been known to the army. Every man did his duty. When at Chinchow, ti. soldier was wanted to go to the city gate under fire from the walls above, and blow it open With dyna. mite. every man who heard the request volunteered, and those who failed to get the perilous honor of the task were envi- ous of him who did. In Corea a bugler. mortally wounded, blew the signal of ad. vauce until he dropped dead at General Nodzu's feet. Before Wei-hai-wei was won Major Okanabe and 500 mendid battle with 5,000 Chinese and never once thought ofre- treat. A Lieutenant rushed into a deserted Chinese fort and rescued a burning joss stick from a sack of gunpowder in a mag- azine. Trembling fingers might have cost him hislifo, but his hand was steady. I have seen lines of men march up to batters which Were onclong RED SPURT 0F FLAME, ’ and there was not a waver nor a halt in the advanceâ€"a calm, steady, irresistible push forward. The charge of the Six Hundred was no braver than the action of the ambu- lance corps when it marched into the 20nd of fire on. the beach ne-ir \Vei-haiâ€"wei' and tenderly picked up the wounded and dead while seven Chinese ships, distant biitu few hundred yards, were bringing every gun to bear against them. Then in the navy as well were examples of heroism which would glorify the annals of any coun- try. Witness ths men who ran a wooden transport into the. sea fight at the Yalu and pounded away with its little gun at the black Chen Yuen, withstanding broadsidcs and torpedoes, and coolly fought their flimsy ship while its cabins were on fire. Witness also the Captain and crew that held to their wounded terpedoboat in \Vei- bai-wei Bay, launching their missiles against the Chinese fleet until, with boiler fires out and overcome with cold,they froze to death at their posts. Indill‘erent to death hiinself,the Japanese soldier or sailor is undisinayed by its bloody spectacles. In the American civil war all officers in action noted the demoralizing effect upon advancing men of the dead and mangled bodies along the line of march,but on the Chinese battlefields the only ell‘ect of such srghts was to arouse the instincts of retribution. No Japanese fell ill or went into the bushes to tie his shoe, and then skiilked to the rear when the order came to charge a bloody slope. The next consideration is that of patriot- ism. The love of the .I apaneso for his country is a fanaticism. The soldier enlists for a wage of but a few cents a day, but )I he thinks that Japan is having trouble to raise its war loans, as was reported to be the case last winter,he oil‘ers to serve With- -ut pay. A Lieutenant gets less than ten dollursa month, out of which he clothes himself, biit he never asks more. The honor of ~ickness, or desertion. They do not even grumble Another item of superiority is that the Japanese soldier will tnarcii and. fight on the smallest and cheapest ration. or roll of compressed rice serves him for a fish, the latter of which he eats raw, he has MATERIALS son A i‘iaas'r. On the march to Wei-lia' ‘wei the army began very well in the iliilter‘of proVi- eions, but finally nothing was left but rice, and rice. answered. \Vhile I, as a foreigner, lost forty-two pounds of flein on this diet, the Japanese soldier did camp and patrol duty and incidental fighting for twelve hours a day with nothing else to eat, and was in Splendid physical condition when the surrender came. The importance of this fact upon a long march, enabling an army, as it does, to go ahead without the impedi- ment of long provision trains, is one that all military men must appreciate. Again, Japanese soldiers can march more rapidly than: any other troops, with the possible exception 0:" the native Indian forces, the Sikhs and Goorkiias. Visitors of Japan are astonished whena "rikislia man puts a. stout foreigner in his little gig and runs ten miles With him at a stretch. They are surprised at the long walks which people of the upper classes take as a. matter of course, and of the endurancelshown in manual labor in allits native forms. Now thatthe’rikisham an,thefarnier,thewrestler, artisan, the man about the country fills the ranks of the army, the troops can make forced marches which would be impossible to soldiers of European training and build. A final consideration is the Japanese stature. Soldiers in battle fire high. It is obvious, therefore, that a short mun firing high at a tall one may still hit him; but the return fire of the tall soldier would be ineffective. Besides, more small men can get behind a given point of defence nnn present a smaller target to the enemy than would be the case with soldiers of the stature of Russians, Germans, Englishmen, or even Frenchmen. I have now stated the case. The Japan- ese soldier has the highest type of courage, patriotism, discipline, and marching endur- ance; he needs less food than a European and he has the best possible build for a. fighting man. The question is, Could the Russians beat him in battle, the numerical strength of the liclligerents being equal? Speaking as a correspondent, I simply say that when the great fight comes I would prefer to do duty with the Japanese. There would be less necessity with them to prepare for the vicissitudes of retreat. A Hero as a. Rogue. In the Rogues’ Gallery of the Secret Service Bureau of the Treasury Department at \Vashington is the card photograph of a once famous counterfeitcr who was arrest- ed by the Treasury agents and made to serve a long term in the penitentiary. The face is that of a rather plain-looking man of about 45, with the sort of face that Im- presses because of a look of fearlessness unmingled with boldness. The photograph is that of a German,who served in the British army as a private,and passed through one of the most exciting events of the Crimean war. He was a member of the famous, Light Dragoons, the immortal 900 that rode into the valley of death in their charge on the Russian posi- tion, and one of the few that survived that terrible. engagement. He was distinguished by the British Government, but went to the bad, and even after his experience in the United States committed a similar crime in Germany.and was again sentenced to a long term of imprisonment. FIGHTING FOR HIS COUNTRY is enough for him. No Mussiilman was ever more devoted to his prophet than is the Japanese soldier to Japan. In one of the battles a trooper shouted “\‘anzai” with his last breath, and it is said that when this news reached Japan the mothers of llllnvll'l'dfl of soldiers wrote their sons to seek death that they might do the same. When the story was told in a public meet- ing in Tokio an old man was seen to woe . "Idave you a son in the army 2” asked the orator. . "Yes," was the reply ; “but he has not died like that." Patriotism pervades the nation. It is what made the Mikado come out of his gilded cloister and summon the people to the paths of progress, and it is what inspir. ed the cache in the late war to leave home, employment and friends and follow the arm, With freezing feet,carrying its burdens that he might witness the triumph of his country's arms. The third point of excellence in the Japanese soldier is the perfection of his disciptine. 1n old Japan the many were in i. saddled and liridled and the few boot- ed and spurred. The ridden never thought of throwing their riders. In a word, the common people obeyed their lords in all things without question. Those people now fill thi- ranks of the army and give to their 1y, othcers “10.951110 unhesitating service that " What are you howling for 3" they or their ancestors were wont to give genenl presently called out. their daimins. Owing to this there is no “ Oh, my master, I cannot endure that more need of a guard house in a Japanese '" . you should lose your leg. camp than there is of a draft or a bounty “ Who wants you to endure it! Can’t at the recruiting offices. Let the officer , , you see that you will benefit by it 2" speak and his men obey : let him lead and ~ ” \Vhat docs monsieur mean Y" ‘ey will follow him through the gates of u Why, you block‘nmd, you’llonly have I t-‘H‘. “1d 1110] '1” IRE“. 31‘ VG. and to black one boot after this i" CooL It is related of a certain French general, who died recently, that he had a very devoted servant to whom, though really kind. he Was somewhat rough in his speech. In the Crimean “'ar the general was wounded so badly that one of his legs had to be amputated ; and during the operation which had to be rformod without other, the man. Joan to wnere the suppers were making the suspension bridge three miles lower down. was just in time to arrange for the rescue, and Major Aylmor pluckil " basket,” clutched the man as he came by, and so saved his life. suffer and never think of mutiny, feigned A ball The heist of ChltraL-A Plucky Rescue on the Panjkora River. While the troops were on the hmks of the Paujkora, the river rose to such a heisht be“ that crossing by the raft became very dangerous. fallen in wattle that the common sol-iier or soldier was instantly sucked under with one of the boatmsu and a sepoy Another soldier belonging to the Devonshire Regiment, regained the raft, and General Gitacre, who saw the incident, galloped 0 He y went out in the riiACi‘iCAt tinting; Early or Late Cutting for Hay. matter. would seem best not to cut grass or clover for hay until the crop is ripe. There is danger or loss from dropping of leaves as they stand, and much more is caused dur- ing the process of handling the crap. This is more especially true of the clovers. It is easier to cure ripened grass or clover than that which has a larger percentage of water. In many cases the weather is warm- er and drier as the crops reach maturity, hence better for haymaking. The food value of a pound of dry matter in the grass or clover decreases to some extent as the plant roaches maturity. The same is true as to palatability and,probably, in almost all cases as to digestibility. Fresh, growing grass or clover or well-made hay from this is more palatable and, weight for weight of dry matter, is more valuable than is either the fully-matured plant or the hay made from this. The market value may be greater for the hay from fully-matured grass. There has been a general perference on the part of those who bought hay for feeding to horses for that from well-matured grass. This has been based in part on the fact that early-made hay is sometimes more dusty than that made after the grass has become well ripened. These, and other points which might be named, show that there are two sides to the question, whether early or late hay- making is not advisable. As a matter of fact, the farmer who makes a large quantity is often practically compelled to do both. In or der to finish the work before the grass or clover is “dead ripe” he may have to commence before the crop has reached such stage of maturity as he prefers. Recom- mendations of early cutting have often been extreme. There is greater reason for cutting clover early than there is for has- tening the grass cutting. In practice, the writer prefers cutting clover while it is yet in blossom, but after most of the blossoms have turned brown. He prefers allowing Timothy to stand until the seeds have formed and are approaching, or havereach- ed, the “ dough” state. The weight of hay secured at. this time, as compared with that secured if the grass is cut when it is in bloom, is so much greater as to more than overbalauce the superior quality of the earlier made hay. Such a grass as orchard grass should be cut at a somewhat earlier stage, as'the matured stalks are much less palatable. There has been a marked change of opinion and practice in the matter of cut- ting corn for ensilage. It is now generally recognized that it is better to allow the Icl'Op to become reasonably mature. The [total weight may not be greater, but the weight of dry matter is greater, and the food value per acre is also greater. Indian corn is a true grass, although a large and cearse one. Where it is expected to sell a part of I the hay and feed a part, it is usually well worth while to have the hay so stored in l the barn or stacks that access can be had ito either class, as it often happens the later cut hay will sell even better than the earlier cut, while, especially for dairy cows and young stock, the earlier cut is preferable. Summer Care of Stock. Salt ahd ashes should be kept where the hogs can help themselves. If they can havs all they want when they want it better health and thrift can be maintained. One of the best ways of keeping a supply is to have a box or small trough in one corner of the feeding floor in which a supply can be ‘ kept, replenishing as often as may be necessary. There is no danger of them eating too much. It is only when salt is prism, stood by “,4 occasionally used that there is any danger howled while the general submitted quiet. of hogs eating more than is best for them. In addition to good pasturage and plenty the of good water it is very essential to the comfort of the dairy cow to have good shade. They should be able to satisfy their iappetites ina reasonable time and then i have a comfortable shade under which they 5 can lie down and show their ends contouted~ ; ly. A good dairy cow is naturally a quiet animal, and the more comfortable she can be made the more and better milk the will One of the rafts upset, and a British of the Sikh The quantity of food on an acre of grass or clover increases with the growth of the day. and if he can ‘3’” 1‘ POI-35° 0" a bi“ 0f crop until this has fully matured. This is not always true of the actual weight of the crop, but it is true of the quantity of dry So far as this is concerned, it way as coal. are dug, and as soon as the vein is struck horizontal galleries, sometimes of consider- able length, are made, but more than two galleries are seldom to be found in one pit. The stone as extracted is called “ ham tasli,’ or rough block, and is soft enough to be easily cut with a knife. It is white with a yellowish tint, and is covered with a red, clayey soil of about 1 inch thick, n are on the spot, not by weight or measure; If there are not good trees growing in the pasture to supply good shade it will cive. be a good plan to put up a cheap shed under which the cows can lie during the hottest part of the day. Almost anything is better than compelling them to stand out in the hot sun all day. In nearly all cases where the teams are at work steadily every day it will be best to give them a short rest occasionally dur- ing the day. When this is done, in order to give them the full benefit pull the col- lars away well from the shoulders so as to allow them to cool off as much as possible. It Will help materially to avoid gelled shoulders if they are washed well with strong salt water both at noon and at night; when brought to the stables. It will even pay to remove the harness at noon. It only requires a few minutes' work to do this, and the larger benefit the animals will de- rive from their noon‘s rest will make it a profitable labor. . In mostlocalities there is plenty of fruit this year, yet because there is plenty is no reason why any should be wasted. Better let the hogs or sheep eat the fallen fruit than to allow it to lie under the trees and rot. Sheep will eat up all kinds of apples more cleanly than hogs, but they may take a notion at any time to gnaw the bark. In order to avoid this the stems of the trees should all be washed or painted with soft soap. In many cases a good plan is to have the orchard arranged so as to shut out the stock at, any time that it may be considered Then the best of the fallen fruit can bepicked up and used if needed and {than the stock be turned in to eat what is left. Some plan at least should be followed ‘I so that there will be no waste. Stirring the Cream. One of the most important items in the making of a good quality of butter is the proper and uniiorm ripening of the cream. On the average farm the cream for several milkings must be put together in order to make a sufficient quantity to churn togeth- er. It is important that all of the cream be ripened uniformly if all of the butter is taken ofl‘ the cream, hence no fresh cream should be added to what is already ripen- ing for twelve hours before churning. Every time fresh cream is added the whole should be stirred thoroughly together. A long wooden paddle that will reach to the bot- tom of the vessel should be used, and the stirring should be given With a rather upward, lifting motion that will bring the bottom cream to the top rather than a stirring motion that will start the cream in a circular motion around the vessel. The idea is to mix the old and new thoroughly together. This must be done every time fresh cream is added. A thorough mixing of the cream secures a uniform ripening, and in churning all of the butter comes at once,so that none is lost in the buttermilk, as is often the case when no particular care is taken on this point. Cream should be thoroughly ripened, but should not be al- lowed to become sour. ' Slightly acid is the right condition, and the more fully this condition is secured the easier will be the churning, the more thoroughly the butter will all be taken out of the cream, and the better the quality of the butter. The man- agement of the cream is the essential item in the making of good butter and it should be skimmed off while the milk is sweet, kept at an oven temperature while ripen- ing, and ripened as uniformly as possmle, and then churned as soon as slightly acid. PRODUCTION OF MEERSC HAUM. Where Rich Deposits are Foundâ€"Drying, Cleaning, Polishing and Packing. Mr. Ciimberbatch, British Consul at An- gora, in his latest report, says that rich deposits of meersclianm are found twenty miles to the southeast of Eski Shehir, an important station of the Anatolian railway. The Belgian Consul in Constantinople. who recently visited the place, states that it would be difficult to determine the exact arena in which the meerschaiim is to be found. Judging from the number of pits at. considerable distances from each other, it must. be extensive. The meerscha um is extracted in the same Pits from '25 to 120 feet deep . this state the blocks are purchased by deal- nicnt,but according to approximate quanti- ty, either per load, of three sacks or per cart load, the price varying from £5 to £30 per load according to quality. These blocks are dried and subjected to certain prein . ationsbefore being conveyed to Eski Shun Some of them areas small as a walnut, w: 5 others attain the size of cubic foot. which combine regularity of surface and size are the best. The manipulation re- quired before they are ready for exportation is long and costly. The clayey soil is removed and the meerschaum dried. In sun’s rays suffices, but in winter a room heated to the requirei temperature is necessary, and the drying process takes eight or ten days. When dried the blocks are all well cleaned and polished, then they are sorted into about twelve classes, each class being packed with great care in separate cases, and \each block being wrapped in cotton wool. The bulk of the meerschaum is sent to Vienna, where itis worked, and dispersed all over the world. Most of the finest specimens aressnt direct to Paris. Certain American dealers have visited Eski Shehir with the object of obtaining the raw material direct instead of through Vienna, thereby saving the highest custom house duty payable on the worked meet- schaum. The quantity annally exported is put down at 8.000to 10,000 essay. The various taxes levied by the Turkish Gov- eminent amount to about 37 per cent. ad valorem. Beauty, devoid of grace, is a mere book without the bait.â€"Talleyrand. 1‘1“): ~. , ., overcrowding. eighteen residents to each. H gre-itest accumulation of inhabitants in the . world, has 000,000 houses, or seven resido summer exposure for five or six days to the em, in “oh 0,, the avenue. HEALTI‘I. mwxxsx \\\\‘“‘W m Treatment of Consumption. The successful treatment of consumption -â€"and by this is meant making the suffer» better able to bear his heavy burden, if not actually lifting it from his shouldersâ€" is largely aquestiou of nursing. If the disease has already gained a foothold, medicine, in most instances, is of no avail, except in postponing the evil day ; and even if it were otherwise, a few general rules would be as essential to ensure the comfort of the patient while recovery is going on. In the first place, then, we must under- stand exactly the condition of the con- sumptive, not so much by ascertaining the location and extent of his disease, as by familiarizing ourselves with his tempera- ment, his likes and dislikes, and above all, with his power of endurance and resist~ ance. If we will bear those things in mind, we may be able to do all that is ossiblo for the sick one; namely, to eua le him to Withstand the o isli=ught of the disease until nature shall gain the controlling hand. 80 successful is this method of treatment that it often results in a complete or, at least, a temporary cure. ' Consumption is one of the most devitalo izing of diseases. Not only does it attack the lungs, but the action of the nervous system is sooner or later seriously inter- fered with, the digestion impaired, and the simplest form of excitement renders even the circulation of the blood danger- ous from being overactive. We shall come nearest to striking at the root of all these troubles if we direct our energies towards limiting the frequency and severity of the-cough ; and in this we have not only to follow the advice of‘tlio physician, taking care that his directions are exactly carried out, but we must give careful attention to nursing. To prevent the first paroxysiii of cough. ing, which is usually incited in the morn. ing by the exertion of rising, a warm cup of tea or an egg-110g should be taken before the patient leaves the had. A glass of something warm, like hot milk or gruel should also be taken before retiring, and plenty of time should be allowed in preparing for the bed. 'I be patient shopld sleep in blankets,and a glass of warm drink should be placed within reach in case he should Wake through the night. If the presence of food in the stomach causes the reappearance of the cough after meals, some suitable preparation of pepsin should be used to hasten the digestion, and an hour or two’s rest. should be taken iin- inediately after the meal. Cures by 'Cow’s Milk. A doctor out. in the Transvaal propound a new method of curing disease, which he terms “ lacteopathy.” It struck him, he says, that as milk'ab- lforbs poisonous germs from a bucket, it might also be used to absorb poisonous germs and gases from the body. He put his idea to the test, and now claims to have cured people of smallpox, fevers, in- sanity, diphtheria, spinal diseases and many other maladies by simply wrapping the patient in milk sheets. He liiys his patients on a mattress cov- ered with blankets, takes a sheetjust large enough to envelop the body, warm-i it, saturates it with about a pint and a half of warm milk, opens it without wringing it, and packs his patient in it for an hour, subsequently sponging him over with warm water or putting him into a warm batn . He declares that in one bad case of small- pox, where the eruption was well out, the milk sheet drew the poison so entirely from the skin that the next day the erup- tion disappeared and the man was conval- 8308110. The Baby. In case of colic apply hot cloths to the feet and stomach. Give the little ones a drink of pure water two or three times a day. This will prevent sore mouth. Keep the tiny feet always warm. Woolen socks with lontz tops securely fastened will be better during the day than the pinning blanket, which can be used at night. DENSITY 0F POPULATION IN CITIES. New York "as 18 Residents to n House. London 7. Pol-Is 23. and Toklo (Inly 3. In all the countries of Europe, in the United States,and the Dominion of Canada, there are, so far as recent and authentic figures show, 70,000,000 houses. are 342,000 houses some of them unsub- s Llulblfil affairs, in the city of Tokio,Japan, There pc for every five people, so that the Iapanese metropolis does not sufler from New York has 115,000 houses, averaging London, the London has increased in this respect very rapidly, for at the beginning of the present century the number of houses was only 130,000, little more than New York has at this time. The population of London at that time (1.801) was 960,000. has increased nearly fivefold, number of houses has not increased in as large a ratio. the close of the Franco-Prussian war it had 70,000. At the clear: of the Napoleonic Wars it had 28,000. The area of the city has been extended meanwhile. The average number of residents in a house in Paris is twanty-five. The buildings in Paris are utilized for purposes of residence, floors. 4,200,000. Soit but the It is now Paris has 90,000 houses. At majority of public especially upon the top In ad computations of city population by houses Philadelphia ranks as a shining example of a big town which has plenty of elbow room to expand in. Philadelphia, with a population in excess of 1,000,000, has 187,000 houses. It is less densely populated than London but has mush less 50. WW-M., - My . ,. rag-an «â€" - s---