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massth Agricultural WAWWIMMNM S\VINE PLAGUE AND CHQLERA. There are two infectious diseases of swine that have done much damage to the hog growing industry. Swine plague is an affection of the lungs re- sulting in inflammation and destruc- tion of the tissues. while cholera af- fects the intestines. causing lesions and finally death. Both are caused by a specific germ easily recognized. In some outbreaks of disease both germs exist at the same time. Such mixed diseases are due to the existence of both germs in the surroundings ofthe swine. Swine plague bacteria are probably introduced into the herd only from the bodies of animals. since they are speedily destroyed in soil and water by natural agencies. Varieties existing in healthy animals may under favor- able conditions produce diseases, con- sequently efforts to prevent and sup- press infection must take into account the physical condition of the exposed animal. Age has much to do with susceptibility to attack, young hogs succumbing more readily than more mature animals. Feeding is also one of the factors; large quantities of the some kind of feed given to produce fat being contrary to the habits of omni- vorious animals. The uncleanly 'sur- roundings of mest hogs also disposes them to attack. Disease germs may be I conveyed from one locality to another ' by refuse in freight oars, proximity to slaughter houses. rendering establish- ments or places where viscera are scat- tered, or where large numbers of liv- ing swine are temporarily housed. To prevent this disease rear and keep the hogs in such a manner that all organs will be in a perfectly healthy condition. \DispOse of animals before they become old or in any way weak- ened. Give a. variety of foods. During a time of disease keep the hogs confin- ed in comfortable quarters. as there are more chances for infection where animals run at large. Avoid contact with infected stock and bring in no animals from the outside, especially if they have been shipped in cars. Dis- pose of hogs that have had even a slight attack and recovered. for their disease-resisting power has been less- ened. In testing remedies for cholera it was for a long time doubtful whether any- thing could be obtained which would lessen the ravages of the disease. In- dications. however, point to the conclu- lon that if treatment is properly ap- plied it may be successful The most effective tested by the government ex- perts is the following. \Vood char- coal, 1 lb. sulphur", 1 1b., sodium chloride. 2 lbs.. sodium bicarbonate, 2 lbs., sodium hyposulphide, 2 lbs, sodium sulphate. 1 1b.. antimony sulâ€" phide, 1 lb. 'l‘hcsc ingredients must be completely pulverized and thoroughly mixed. The dose is a large tablespoonful for each 200 lbs. of hogs and is to be given one daily.. \Vhen hogs are affected do not. feed corn alone. but at least once a day give a soft feed made by mixing bran and middlings. and corn meal. or ground oats and grain. or crushed whcut with hot water. and stir in the proper quantities of medicine. Hogs are fond of this medicine. It increases the :1]i1lt‘llll§. and when once tasted food containing it will be eaten when no- thing else is- touched. Very sick hogs must. be drenched. Used as a pre- ventive it should be put into the feed for the whole herd, care being observ- ed thal each animal receives its pro- per share, TURKEYS AND DUCKS 0N FARMS. Turkeys can be made quite profitable on the farm in connection with chick- en raising, says a writer. I have found the Bronze to be the best variety. they are of a large size. and very hardy. I keep one gobbler and four hens, set the. first. clutch of eggs under chicken hcn‘: and two turkey hens; when they hatch give all to the turkey hens. For the first few wccks I feed four or five. times a day on hard boiled eggs milk curds. light bread crumbs. lettuce leaves and onion' tops cut up finc. I put the. turkeys in a large coop with a yard made of wire netting. keep them shut up in wet weather and of mornings until the dew is off. and see that [ht-y are free front lit-c. After they are six wccks old they will be- comc very hardy and do not require such close attention. 1 always give them it generous feed in Ills th-ning to insure their rrturnzng home at night. They should average at least $1.00 ouch when marketed in the fall. A mistake many make is to hold tIu-ir fowls for the lib-inksgivingand Christ- mas markets; these are always over- stocked and it is much better to send between times in order to obtain the best prices. Money can also be made by raising dllcks (or the early markets. \Ve like: the l’ekin best. \Vhile not absolutely necessary to have tunning “'Rlll‘rlhz‘)‘ do much better for Inc with u brook. creek or pond to swim in. Five ducks to a drake are enough. The ducks will lay over 300 eggs in a season. It is best to set the eggs under chicken hens us ducks make the [riot-est of mothers. “'e feed them all kinds of scraps [tom the. table and garden. besides wheat bran. corn meal, codkcd vegetables and a little corn cum :1 day a few weeks before marketing. The best lime to market is at ten weeks old. The feath- grs are also quite an item of pro~ it. I give my fowls a feed of chopped onions once a week. also every week or two feed Venetian red, this will pre- vent cholera and other diseases and greatly increases the egg production. I have cured fowls with the cholera. with this remedy. when everything else failed. I keep my young chickens and tur- keys in yards made of wire netting. .until several weeks old; in this way they keep healthier and grow faster than when allowed free range and to mingle with the older fowls. Young ducks and geese must be kept away from water to swim in until {they are at least a month old. give {them an abundance of drinking water Itn vessels that they cannot get into with their bodies. I hope my experience will be a help to other farmer's wives who are try- ing to raise poultry by the old slipshod methods I once followed. I have found that to be successful. .we must first :have good stack, then give them the mre and attention farmers give their other stock. and we will be repaid ‘ many fold for our extra work and at- ‘ tention. BREEDING DAIRY HEIFERS. A correspondent writes asking when, in our judgment, heifers intended for the dairy should be first bred. The general opinion on the subject, and we believe it is correct. is that heifers intended for the dairy should be bred so as to come in with their first cal- ves at about two years old. The milk- ing function carried to the extent which good dairy practice requires is a highly artificial one, and early breedâ€" ing is one of the steps necessary to the intensification of the milking habit. If the heifer be not bred early she is likely to acquire the habit of using the liberal though not fattening food she should have for the purpose of making flesh. This is a habit quite fatal to the usefulness of the heifer intended for dairying. Feeding, man- agement. breeding, etc., should be dir- ected to its prevention. without, how- ever, starving or stunting the animal. It is alleged, with some show of truth that early breeding detracts from the size of the cow when matured, and also that it‘ is likely to have an adverse 1n- fluence upon constitution. As has been intimated, there is probably some truth in both of these objections to early breeding. but the world we live in is one in which we must pay the price for anything we get [that is worth having. It is probable that the intensification of any quality in the breeding of domestic animals is not at- tained without a sacrifice of something else. Sometimesthe sacrifice is one that can well be made. and sometimes; iu is one that we would prefer not to make, but in any event we must pay the cost of the quality we desire to exalt. ‘I‘hat. early breeding does re- duce size and scale is altogether prob- able. but these are qualities that are not particularly essential in the dalry ‘cow. and the early breeding is attend- ed with conscquences much more imâ€" portant to the dairyman than any consideration of mere size. It is pos-- sible. too. that consli;uti0n' may sufâ€" fer iovsome extent from early breeding but' this. too, is one of the things that must be in part endured and in part compensated by the better care and greater attention to the protection of the cow from consequences of some lit- ,tlc weakness in this respect. It will not do to encourage the milking faculâ€" ty by .every possible means. early breeding included, and then allow the cow to find her only shelter against the winter blasts on the south side of a wire fence or in the vicinity of a straw stack. but if care. shelter and at- tcnt ion to the comfort. of the cow is given that should be given. the fact that she is not. quite so hardy as a scrub rustler would be. can well be en- dured. and indeed must be endured. if a profitable dairy cow is sought for. Heifers should, therefore. be bred, we think. so as to come in fresh at about two years old. The maternal function. of which milking is but a branch. is thus encourang early and made a characteristic of the animal through- out hcr life. _ on... ___.n _ l A LIILLION AND A QUARTER a year for wages alonc. liul‘ then imâ€" agine. if you canâ€"and nobody can ever accurately do soâ€"ihc value of the plO‘ perly alone we protect. l suppose it would be close upon £500.000.000, if you take the rate-able value only. No doubt London ought to be proud of her police force when she con~idcrs how infinitesinml are the number of felonâ€" fics compared Wth the huge standing land the constantly circulating popula- ilion of this great city. which harbors lpcoplc from all nations under the sun." Compared with the metropolitan ,police. the city force is a small one. (The area under its charge is of enor- mous value. though it only comprises 071 statute acres. Calling at the Old lchrys Office. I learned that then- are two superintendcnls. one being in the :detectivc department; chief insprctors. ,3; district inzpe-ctors. 15: stnt'on in- :spectors. 32: detective inspecto's, l'.’: :sergeants. 7:3; detective-sergeants, 7; land constables. 795. There are also 57 'rwnslublcs on private service duty. ‘ ’l hough thr- cilyâ€"wi'h all its immense gwealth-is thus protected by such a gsmall force. assisted at night by mili- §tary guards at the Bank of England. ’ no one can deny that it is a model of l perfection. l . 0...... __- -.. _ 1he university of El Ayl'nr. in (‘airo its the oldest in the world. it has lrecords dating back a thousand years lHlNEWSllll SHE. THE VERY LATEST FROM ALL THEWORLD OVER. h... lnteresfing Items About Our Own Country, Great Brltsjn, the United States, and All Parts of the Globe, Condensed and Assorted for Easy Reading. CANADA. ' The Northwest Territorial elections will take place on Nov. 4. The Bank of Nova Scotia will estab- lish a branch in \Vinnipeg on Janu- ary 1. ' \Vinter has set in all through the Alaskan gold fields. There is three feet of snow in Chilkoot Pass. The American Society of Municipal Improvements, meeting in \Vashington,- decided to meet next year in Toronto. Mrs. Rowan, widow of the late John Rowan. hotelkeeper at Hamilton. has 29611 left a fortune by relatives in Inâ€" Inna. The exports from Toronto for the first quarter of the present fiscal year totalled $1,959,487, nearly double that of a year ago. The Niagara Historical Society pro- tests against the proposed internation- al monument at Quebec, to General Montgomery. It is reported at Hamilton that Maj. J. S. Hendrie will be gazetted lieuten- antâ€"colonel, and will assume command of the Welland Field Battery. Major A. M. Smith will likely suc- ceed Lt.â€"Col. Lindsay as commander of the Seventh Fusiliers, of London. The battalion is being rteâ€"organized. Chief Justice Sir Henry Strong, ar- bitrator in the case of McCord, an Am- erican citizen, against the Government of Peru, has awarded McCord $40,000. The Humane Society has granted a medal to Miss Ida Smith, the Merritâ€" ton school teacher, who displayed great heroism during the recent cyclone. An Order in Council has been passed superannuating Mr. M. SWeetman, Chief Postoffice Inspector of the Do- minion, with headquarters at Toronto. The office will be abolished. Chevalier Drolet, of Montreal. passed through \Vinnipeg on Sunday evening, on his way to Edmonton, to test a new dredging apparatus, designed to ex- tract gold from the sand bars and grav- e1 beds of the rivers. The steamship Turret Age, of the Black Diamond Steamship line, at .Montreal, reports having collided with and sunk the American steam barge Lloyd S. Porter, near Ct. Croix, above Quebec, on Sunday. No lives were lost. . Charles Baker was sentenced by Judge Jelfs at handlton to three years in the reformatory for stealing a gold watch. The eviden‘e against him was weak, and he would have been acquit.- ted had he not gone into the box in his own defence. Rev. John Hunt. an aged Methodist minister, and one of the best known citizens in Toronto, was run down by a. bicyclist on Tuesday night while crossing Jarvis St.’ Mr. Hunt l‘eCcived a bad scalp wound and will be laid up for some time. The bicyclist rode away. The Postmasterâ€"General has decided to permit all steamship companies to carry mails to Britain, providing that they become liable for the safe delivâ€" cry in England, that no compensation be asked, and that the mail matter be addressed by such steamer. Capt. Dykes of the steamer Ganges in explaining the loss of his vessel be- fore the commissioner at Halifax statâ€" cd tint the wreck was pillaged by schooncrs from Newfoundland and everything of value carried off. The schooners had thcir names covered up, and he. was threatened with shooting when he attempted to learn the. name of one of them. The immigration branch of. the In- tm‘ior Ilcpartmtutt have a problem on their bands, which it is not easy to solve. 'l.'wo thousand Don ltoborslti innnigrants will arrive here in tho very worst time of the year, and Will!â€" out sufficient. means. 'l‘hey will have to be housed and fed during the. win~ tor weather, or they will find a (.‘ana‘ dian winter quit- as.) hard to combat as Russian persecution. GREAT BRITAIN. Dr. llcnry Guilford. of Bridgeport. Conn., w.:nted on a charge of murder- ing l‘illllllit (lill, will be extradited from England. after [1 delay of fifteen days. Major-General \Vesley Merritt. rc- ccntly in command of the. United States troops at Manila. and Miss Laura Wil- liams. of Chit-ago, were married in the Savoy Hotel at London on Tuesday.â€" 'l‘hc British steamer Norseman. from Montreal. arrived at Liverpool and reâ€" ported that .50 sheep were lost on the passage. owing to the heavy weather encountered. UN I'l‘ED STATES. 'l'hc l'nilcd States Supreme Court his decided that the Joint Traffic As- socialion is an illegal combination. Fire destroyed one of the piers and adjoining warehouses in Brooklyn. N. Y. on Tuesday. at a loss of half a million dollars. It is reported at Seattle. Wash, from Sunrise ('ity. Alaska, that nint- my”, all Americans. were drowned recently wt (‘ook Inlet. The John Stevenson Cur Building Company of New York. has gone into .\ receiver's hands. The liabilities are placed at $700,000. The assets will “guzll the amount of the liabilities. -\ bill inmrpomtim: the .ltutlund- t'anadi-tn Railway was in'rodutu-d in be Vermont Legislature on ’l’ucsday. The road is to run from Burlington to the t‘onuli'tn border. cot'mc'g'ing with ll)" Canada-Al l:tntlt~.. The Indian chief who is accused of being the main instigator of the re- cent trouble at Leech Lake. is reported to have crossed over on the Manitoba side of the line to evade United States authorities. GENERAL. The Spanish evacuation of Porto Rico is completed. The renewed activity of Vesuvius. has caused much alarm at Torre Annungt- ata and Portici. The American authorities at Manila have released some of the Spanish sail- ors captured during the war. Lt.-Gen.. Sir “'m. Howley Good- enough. in supreme command of the British troops in South Africa, is dead at Cape Town. The editor of the Nacional has been imprisoned at Madrid in consequence of charges made by that paper against Senor Robot, the Civil Governor of India. The Spanish Peace Commissioners have accepted the negative view of the United States Commissioners towards the proposed assumption by the United States of the Cuban debt. The Constantinoplecerrespondenl of the Times says that a body of Kurds have fired upon and seriously wounded the well-known German archaeologist, Prof. Belck. while. conducting his ex- plorations in the Sipandagh district. WRITING ON THE CLOUDS. â€"â€"â€"5 A New Electrical Device for Slgnnnlug in Sen. Ships that pass in the night will hereafter be enabled to converse with one another though separated by miles of stormy weather. A new signaling device, which is ex- pected to revolutionize night signaling, has been devised, which is so simple that any child may work it, and so plain that he who runs may read. This device makes it possible for a person. stationed onaship or in a lighthouse to throw great letters of light adie- tance of several miles, and to write out messages in this way as quickly and clearly as they could be rattled off on a typewriter. The inventor is John William Haywood, of St. John's N. F. The new machine is an adaptation of the. magic lantern principle. The Inn- tern is a. powerful one, and is supplied with a battery of stenciled plates, con- taining the letters of the alphabet. These plates are connected with user- ies of levers with a keyboard, much the same as in a typewriter. The keys are marked with the letters and pivoted in such a way that when one presses down on one of the'kcys the corresponding side is drawn up in front of the lens, and the letter is thus thrown out vastly enlarged. The contrivance is small and com- pact and may be readily carried about. The exhibition screen of this signal- ing lantern may be a house, a funnel, a wall or rock, or any plain surface which may be at hand. If there be no suitable surface on which to cast the letters ll screen may be used made of cotton or duck or some such suitable material. i‘dr. Haywood has al-o in- vented a :‘pcclal diamond-shaped screen which can readily be set. up and held tight during the exhibition. Best of all, the letters may be displayed on the clouds, if the night is dark. The lantern makes it possible to throw a series of letters in dazzling light St) that they may be seen readily for a distance of several miles. The keyboard attachment enables the opera- tor to project. these lcttcrs so quickly that. a lone: signal may be. spelled out almost. as quickly as it‘could be writ- ton on a typewriter. The scheme. may be used either in the merchant marine or on warships or from light- houses. Il admits of a cipher being,r used for secret messages, and is adaptâ€" able to any lunguagu. The device has already been tried with gratifying success on the U. warship San lt‘ranrisco. and ll is ex- pcctcd soon 90 be placed on the Kalscr Wilhelm dcr (iroszie. And imagini- lb» picturecquo org.“ when from lall masts at sod and taller towers on the land the flashlights weave messages upon the sky. ‘ ~â€"â€"~ovâ€"-â€" ~“" PRUPOSING TO A QUEEN. The art of making a proposal of marriage to a Queen'is one in which it is nodisgrace for any of us to plead ignorance and inexperience. A rct-‘iâ€" dent. of Malta has thus addressed one of tho dusky Queens of the South Pacific Islands. "Hcr Gracious Queen: “I hope you will most willingly v);- cusc nu- for having the impudv-nt-c to write to you in this manner. and lilt' reason for my doing so is. whun l was reading the paper yesterday I read about the steamship 'lttnan/gt‘ being drifted on your island. and the women under you began to sch-ct husbands from the crew. and that you. my Queen. wanted for a husband a man that would love you and lllllkl' you happy. I have been thinking the- mattcr owl. and I have crime to 1h~ conclusion that if you will have, m:- for a husband. write back and let mu. know; also that you should send me the money for my passage. out. so as I can come to you. and I will repay you the money when I get to you. I! my Queen. I will suit you. write Incl: and let mt- know as soon as possible: also send me a paper note for twenty- lhvee or twenty-five pounds. and I will come at once." If the. Maltese. gentleman \Vllflllf‘l“ why he received no rcply to the busiâ€" “(-fianl" proposal. it may interest him to know that it never rcache-l’ Her Majesty. Ill-i letter “as opt-nu! by tho hnztd chief. who handed it to lb.- prim-ipnl white trader. who [:mtcd it to his Sydney firm. who in its turn syn-L i.’ 14‘» 2h.- sydm-y Daily Telegraph. Th? Hallmark-.- t-howml that it had passed through London. Quccnvltsnd, Sydney. Samaria and Herberlshub imam? " WHAT IS GOING ON IN THE FOUR CORNERS OF THE GLOBE. ~â€" Old and New World Events of Interest Chron- icled Brkflyâ€"lntmtlng Happenings of Rama! Date. T here are 13,001) distinct varieties Of postage stamps. An orange tree will bear fruit until it is 150 years old. Chinese coinage in the shape of a knife has been traced back as far as 2240 B.C. No person in Norway may spend more than threepence at one visit to a public house. ~ It is estimated that of the whole population of the globe about 90,000 die every day. Mexico has an area of 750,000 square miles, or nearly one-fourth that of the United States. A policeman in Vienna mustlbo able to swim. to row a boat and understand telegraphy. In lndiathe average duration of life of .the native is twentyâ€"four. as agamst forty-four in Britain. .George Gissing, the nOVelist. has Elven up London as a place of resi- dence and will live in \Vorccslershire. .It is estimated that since the begin- mug of the historical era 18,000,000 per- sons have perished in earthquakes. At the Slronzzi Palace in Rome. there is a book made of marble. the leaves being of marvellous thickncBS- Russian families. when moving to new homes. kindle the fire on the hearth with coals brought from the old residence. A monument is to be erected in Paris to the inventor of soda water. It will bear a representation of the inventor's phiz. The handwriting of R. D. Blackmore. the. novelist, is so fine as often to pc- cessitate the use of a. magnifying glass by his printers. Berlin courts have decided that a summer overcoat is a luxury. and not a necessity. and can therefore be seized by the sheriff. The income of the principal charita- ble institution havinglheir headqutuu tors in London amounts to over seven million pounds per annum. There is a hospital for trees on the banks of the Seine in Paris. Trees which grow weak along the boulevards are taken there to recover. The population of Palestine is inâ€" creasing rapidly. Ten years ago fibers were only 15,030 rcsidcnls in Jaffa; to- day thorc are nearly 60,000. The eye of. the vulture is so con- structed that it is a high~pmvcred telescope enabling the bird to see ob- jects at an almost incredible (llS- tance. V Railway stations in Sweden wllcre you can procure hot lunt-hoons are known by a peculiar Sign bearing the suggestive emblem of a crossed knife and fork. The chestnut. is a great staple in- dustry in Spain, where it is largely used by the peasants for food as Well as for commercial purpose. Great quantities are exported. .T. M. Barrie, the. novelist, whose mock renunciation of tobacco made his "My Lady Nicotine" so_populttr. has had to give. up smoking in reality beâ€" cause of delicate health. Count Shigenebu Okuma. the. new premier of Japan, began life as 11 poor boy, and is now a proof that the "rclfâ€"nn’ulo" man can be. mttnut‘aclured even in the despotic east. The. Sandwich Islnndcrs are on fond of the. sea that they aclually leach their children to swim long before they are. able to walk. The llntcst mites play games in water well out of their dcpth. ln India. cvvry town of any 5120. has its own ice. factory, come of them 't‘lpllljll" of ‘turning out. front 500 to l,“0‘i tons of ice :1 day. And the some thing,r holds good Ill I'Zpypt and the Southern Stalcs of America. Mount llorrules, in ilu- island of l’apua, is said to be. the highcst mounâ€" tain in the world, its altitude being 122,724“ fact. Mount Everest. India. wait until ret'cntly put down as thc‘most lolly, but it is only 29.00;! feet high. ' Mr. T. Sidney (Harper, the ltoyol lAt'utlt‘fl'llt'llln, is still painting at the age of El?) years. lie began to exhibit in Will, and though (33 years of age, who” made. a full It. A.. hits ('ll‘lllllllll‘ll an :tt'livv member for thirty one years. “A gcltllclurn daughter have tun away from home {for a holiday. lmtvlntz him in charm, 'oI it baby. who, although faitly \soll, summary; in be rolling a tooth, wunogl- ly (ll-sites that they \vtll return home If t-ncc,' and advertised the, {act II) the London htandard.’ A mule belonging to a potter in [{apurthal-i. liinduutan, has given birth to a fool. 'lhls rare. (event has roused great auxin-inept in the place and tho pundits are «insulting llm stars and the. shastus .16 find out what it protrude. 'l'l’li“ fact is attested by an army veterinary Hllrgt-nn. is host: will: and ()n the schooner Sophia Sutherland, which has wturned to Sun l’runciwo from a fruitless Searchfor gold among 1hr SulltbSealnlanths. was all llw pur- mnzll property of the late Robert. lm‘Jifi Sit-.Vttnsl‘n. Vail mil, the blnlmit: {kimono home of lbw gifted author. was stripped from top to basement he- forc the Sophia Sutherland sailed. and now stands in the with of the blond sense that compost“! the Slew-neon place, an o-mpty shell. ’J i “fix--.” ..â€". w- ag. _.â€"-â€"..._....4 “E”... N...“ . 4.--. ... we.--” , Wfi...‘ Mw._‘.u Muwvaw ,. ._ . v {