The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

,. l ( ‘3 ‘ . i x a g I . Q’.‘ ‘ "41:dmwmmaemrwmwsumsmmmmg N~me~nmmm~ «m v asssseoeeepeueoeoesea ' THE some '22-. Hill. g,» Recipes for the Kitchen. £9 a 6 Hygiene and Other Note a o e. J '9 o 9 Q 9 a 9 o 2 '9 for the Housekeeper. o Goaeeoaogoaegegegeaeac g THE BAIBY IN SUWIER. Each season has its special damâ€" gers. . Winter, when people are huddled together indoors, the sick and the well all breathing house air, is the sea-son of contagious diseases; ' spring, with its sudden changes of tem'peratlure, is the season of brornâ€" chial and pulmonar ’ affections; slum- m-er is the time of intestinal derangeâ€" mlon'ts. For the baby, in whom the digestive apparatus is so easily upâ€" set, this is a season of particular peril, am‘d more perish, in the cities at least, during the months of July amid Alli-gust than in any other two months of the year. Much of this sacrifice could be awoi'dod vere more care, or rather mlore intel‘ligont care, paid to the little one’s Welfare. A proper diet is most essential. The chiIId'râ€" we are speaking now of babies in the first or second suntmenâ€"ou-gjht, of course, to be nursed; but when this is not possible a‘ substitute must be found in cow’s milk. This should be absolutely fresh amid clean, dilutâ€" ed with barley-water, or otherwise modified under the physician’s direc- tion. The nursing-bottle, which should never have a tube attached, mlust be kept immlamulatcly clean. It ,should be boiled and rinsed in bi- carbonate of sdda after eacth using. In addition to the milk, the baby must have an abundance of cool, pure water to drink. The clothing Should be light and loose, allowing free play to all the limbs, and care 91130qu be talc-en to {Add an outer garment whenever a sudden drop in the temperature occurs. A flannel band may be kept over the abdomen, but it should be changed tw-ice' 01‘ three times a day. The baby’s bath is of the greatest importance. After the age of six nnolntzhs the bath may be given at a temperature of about eighty degrees, or in n'Li'd'sunmner a few degrees low? er. It should be of short duration, a-n‘d the tender skin should be dried by patting with a soft linen cloth. .The mouth should be wiped out several times a day, and always afâ€" ter taking milk, with a pledyget, or wad of cotton, dipped in tepid waâ€" ter, or in a solution of borax orl bicarbonate of soda. 3 Finally, advantage must be taken of the mild temperature to have the baby live an outâ€"ofâ€"«door life. Of course he must not be exposed to the hot sun in the middle of the day, and should have extra wraps in the early morning and the evenâ€" ing. At night the nursery dows should be open, so that the conditions may be as nearly as pos- sible those of outâ€"ofâ€"doors. TESTED RECIPES. Green Pea Soup.~â€"Shell the peas, which should be young, put the pods into a stewpan with one quart wa- ter, one teaspoon salt and one of Sugar. Boil for one hour, them 1311x113 through a colander or sieve, return to the pot and aldld one quart more water and also one onion, a few leaves of lettuce chopde very fine, a very little parsley, mint, and the peas. Boil till the vegetables are tender (about 15 minutes), then sea- son to‘ taste with pepper and salt and a svnmll piece of butter. Banana and St-rmvberry Filling. â€" This makes a nice filling for almost any kind of cake, and will some- times help a poor one to “pass infusâ€" ler.” Wash one pint strawberries by pulltrting into a sieve or colander anld pouring cold water over thenr. Peel and mash six large bananas, or eight smlall ones, put bananas and berries together and mash fine, adldâ€" lnlg cine cup powdered sugar and {~- cup finely ground cocoa'nut or other unit meats. Mix well and spread be- tween layers of cake, but not on 'top. When strawberries are not in season, pineapple, either fresh or preserved, may be used. Asparagus With Onions.-â€"Pecl enâ€" o'ulgh onions to fill a pint measure when out into pieces. Put them over a fire in a saucepan with en- ough water to cover, and boil for 25 minutes. Pour off water, add a bunch of asparagus cut into small pieces, cover with fresh boiling, waâ€" ter and cook slowly until both vegeâ€" tables are tender. Salt should be added when half cooked. Rub 14.; tablespoons whole wheat flour (white flour will answer) with one heaping teaspoon butter and a little sweet milk or cream. Then add, a little at a time. In} cups milk. If any water remains in the saucepan,- drain off and season the vegetables to suit the taste. Now pour the dressing over them and let, boil ' up well. If too thick, add 'a little milk or water. terezl toast and serve hot. Whole wlheat bread is best for this dish, but white bread answers very well. Peas with onions make a delicious dish. 1-. 3A RT HUNGER. I know a wife who loves her hms- banb’l with. all her soul and heart. writes a eonlrilmtor. else forever. her. I will tell you her. H‘e and the hired men all day together, summer and winâ€" ter. They talk. tell stories, and laugh so winâ€" . Pour over slices of bu-tâ€". Sonwlimes I! believe she could live and see no one: lie is all the world to} He says he loves her. but now! just how he trealsl runw- turn/L1; meals, talk of their work at the ta.- ble. When the husband comes in his greeting to his wife is: “Is the meal ready?” After the meals are eaten, out they go to work and talk and laugh. After supper husbamld goes into sitting room and falls asleep. The wife works at dishes and menfding until 9 o’clock. Hus- band goes to bed with not a word spoken to wife. Early in the mom‘ in-g gets up, lights fires, calls wife to get breakfast, and then'goes to town or to work in the woods. If to town, he sees and speaks with perhaps 50 women and girls, all sorts. He comes home and talks about what those women said anld did. It was all so interesting to him, but not to the wife. She does not know any of her husband's cus- tomers. He never thinks of taking his wife and children anywhere for pleasure. .I call him a cruel and selfish man. His wife is his smperibr in every way. Her' father was a minister, her brother a doctor and two of her sisters teachers in city schools. She thinks there is . only ome person on earth and that is her husband, but his treatment of her is breaking her heart. All who know her love her for her kindness to them. It is one of life’s tragedies. I'IO'MJE SANITATION. One of the first Uhings for us to investigate in orderng our houseâ€" lroll‘dris the condition of the soil about the place. If it is damp and sour and not fit for vegetation, it may not be fit in its present condiâ€" tion for human habitation. The livâ€" ing rooms are just over it and per- haps one sleeping room. If the furâ€" nace gets its cold air supply from out of doors, it takes it from over the soil" near the house, warms it and sends it to the rooms to be inâ€" haled loaded with impurities if there be any. Sonnetimes near the door- way there is a place will-ere dish and wash water have been thrown for a long time. Too often this is near the well, and the bacterial crop of the dis‘hlpan, wash tub and milk can thrive in this moist soil and per- haps find their way to the well. Imâ€" purities m,ay thus be transmitted by the porosity of the soil, organic matter may add its impurities and! ill smelling gases be formed which add to the general disorder. The site should be drained and the soil tilled and sweetened before there can be conditions for health in the home. U SEFUL HINTS . Try Dyeing Old Clothes black, by using half a pound of logwood disâ€" solved in cold water first, then put into boiler with 4 gallons of water. Have material perfectly clean and boil from five to ten minutes. Then rinse until the water is clear. Salt, Pepper and Spices measured by the spoonful should be measured level, not rounding; and if you are to use only a half-spoonful, fill the spoon and divide it lengthwise. The tip of the spoon being shallower than the other part, by dividing across the bowl less is used than has been directed. M'e Have Known that crusts of dry breald placed in a kettle of boil- ing onions will neutralize the odor, but it is not. generally known that a, crust of dry bread put in the wa- ter in which spinach, beet tops, dan’delio-ns, etc., are boiling will not only take away the smell of their cooking, but by absorbing their rank flavor will give an added delicacy to the Vegetable when served. - . . ODD FACTS ABOUT FROG They Have Peculiarities Found in No Other Creaturesi The frog’s skin is so important as a breathing apparatus that the creature would die at once of suf- focation if the pores were closed by a coat of sticky vamish, by dust or in any other way. While we . are speaking of his breathing you will notice that his sides do not heave as ours do at each brea'tlh we take. A frog lras no ribs and cannot" inâ€" hale as- we die, but is obliged to swallow his air in gulps, and if you will watch this little fell-owls throat you will see it continually moving in and out as one gulp follows an- other. In order to swallow his mouth must be closed; just try to swallow with your mouth wide open and you will see what is meant. A frog, than, always breatlhes through his nose, and if you held his mouth open he would suffocate as surely as thlough you gave his skin a coat of vurni sh . Mr. Frog has am enormous mouth for his size and if we were to putl a finger insile it we would find that he has a row of teeth in the upper jzuw and that his soft white tongue, unlike our own, is attached in front a'nid is free behind When he \Tllz'fllfi‘l; to catch any insect he throws out the free end of the tongue, Uhen draws it in so rapidly that it is difficult to see whether he has been successful or not. As the tongue is coated with a gummy fluid the inâ€" sect sticks, to it acid is carried back into {the mouth, \'~."hii§h closes upon it like the. door of a tomb. Frogs, However, are not limited to one mode of feeding; they often leap open mouthed upon larger prey, which includes insects, small fish. mice, small duckliugs, polliv."0'gs and tiny frogs. __ __ +______ The latest. bird to become extinct of whose wings was 12 feet. $2,â€" 000 is offered for an egg, but none DWELLING PLACES OF MEN AND WOMEN. 3,000 Live in Salt Housesâ€"Many Dwell in‘ Abandoned Quick- silver Mine. Kelburg, which is situated in P0â€" land not far from Cracow, is one of the most extraordinary cites in the World; for not only is it entirely subterranean, but the material used in its construction is not stone or brick, but salt. Three thousand peo- ple are resident in its seven hundred houses, and they are all workers in lthe great salt mines. The strccts and squares are paved With rock- salt slabs of purest white, and are kept exquisitely neat and clean by a corps of volunteer scavengers. The l pride of the city, however, is» its cathedral, carved in salt and lighted with electricity. decorated, and on the high altar blazes the magnificent cross which‘ Was presented by the late‘Tsar of Russia when he descended from the upper air in order to Worship there for a brief space eleven years ago. Disease of an infectious or conâ€" tagious nature is quite unknown in Kelburg; in fact, the majority of the inhabitants die of old age. A nonâ€" fatal ailment of a scorbutic type is, however, occasionally prevalent; and a mild form of opthalmia, said to be due to the continual and all pervad- ing whiteness, is more or less com- mon. Regarded as a city of salt pure and simple, Kelburg is, of course, unique. But there are sev- eral other known exampled of cities situated beneath the surface of the earth. In the Peruvian province of Cuzâ€" Ico, for instance, is an abandoned Iquicksilver mine, 170 fathoms in cirâ€" 'eumference and about one hundred in depth. And within this profound abyss are streets, squares, and a chapel, where daily RELIGIOUS WORSHIP Among the inhabiâ€" It is gorgeously is carried on. ’tants are many old men and women, who have never cared to visit the earth above them since they left it as little toddling children in the early years of the last century. In Japan, again, thirty miles or so from Kumanotu, some twenty thousand men, women, and children are permanently resident in the crat- er of an extinct volcano. In this .pit-like city, surrounded by a verti- lcal wall more than eight hundred feet high, the entire community lives, moves, and has its being. Rarely, indeed, does one of its members make a journey into the outer world; and they are not often intruded up- on, for ,they are of a churlish, not to say vengeful, disposition. The Etahyans, or “Arctic High- ilanders” of Ross, live in ice-caves iwithin the vast glacierâ€"cap which :covers all Northern Greenland. ITheirs is, perhaps, the most wretch- ed and isolated existence it is pos- sible to conceive. Their “dwell- ings” are always Wet, owing to the melting of the ice walls and floor. For full, six months of the year the darkness of the Arctic night enveâ€" lops them. The ice is around them, beneath them, above them. In nine cases out of ten, if they venture abroad, they breathe the frozen par- ticles, and the sensation is akin to that which comes from inhaling the BLAST OF A FURNACE. Nevertheless they refuse to move further south with the approach of winter, as do all the other Eskimo tribes. They take a sort of perâ€" verted pride in their loneliness as in their misery. "-What matter,” they. Say, "if We are cold and hungry? We are the last of all peoples. We dwell literally at the end of the World. To the north of us there is snow, there is-ice; but there is no land, and there is nothing that lives, breathes, or has independent movement.” In 1893 a wild tribe 01' natives was discovered in the Wentworth dis- trict of New South Wales, whose dwellings and mode of living apâ€" proximated almost exactly to those of our troglodyte ancestors. The tribe had its origin in a runaway [black fellow hiding in some little (known country for thirty years with la few gins. During that period the [horde had increased to above thirty personsâ€"men, women and children. They herded together in two low caVcs, which they had dug for them- selves, increasing their length as fresh arrivals in the shape of babies necessitated more room. Their only food consisted of kangaroo, wild cat, and ant eggs. Their sole wea- pons were spears, and these gmerely stems of mallee wood, pointed land barbed. "hey produced fire by {rubbing two sticks together, and ’lhcir water was contained in bags made from the skins of kangaroo legs. It was noted as a curious fact that when discovered the station blacks had the greatest difficulty in making the wild tribesmen under- stand them, although thirty years previously they must have all spok~ en - THE SAME LANGUAGE. Even the lakeâ€"dwellings of the Europe of the far-away Stone Age {can be paralleled in many parts of 'the world at _,this present moment; and that not invariably, either, in regions altogether savage. Indeed, one of the finest and most perfect of modern pile villages is situated in Work! is the California“ condo": the Spread the Gulf of Maricaibo, in, Venezuela. ’and almost under 'fort bombarded heartily, come. to Lheu‘ has been lound 101 seventeen 3ea1s.;back by the . the guns of the some few months LIVE mun VULGES were German man-of-war [British Panther. The people who inhabit these, strange dwellings are known as Guajiros, and are believed to belong to an aboriginal stock which held possession of the country long prior to the race that was there when the Spaniards arrived. The houses are lowâ€"pitched, but are strongly and commodiously built of hewn tree- trunks, with floors of split bamboo stems covered with mats. They are reached from the shore by dugâ€"out canoes punted over the shallow waters; a notched pole serves as a ladder; and the supporting piles are so firmly driven that no shakiness is perceptible, even when the rooms are crowded with visitorsâ€"Pearson’s Weekly. BRITAIN UAllliHT NAPPll‘l ‘ COUNTRIES GIVEN AWAY IN SLEEPY MOMENTS. the Trade of Persia Has Been Lostâ€"The Island of Aden. On the 10th of December, 1856, our forces, under Sir H. Leeke and Admiral Stalker, attacked Bushire, on the Persian Gulf, and, after a. severe fight, took it and occupied it. This portâ€"the most'important on the Persian Gulfâ€"Would have given us supreme control of Persia for ever. Yet a few years later , we calmly gave it up. We still, however, held nearly all the trade of Persia in our hands, and when, in 1892, Baron Renter, acting for us, lent the Persian Gov- ernment half a million, it looked as though we had again established a. hold. Eight years later Persia wanted another .loan. Insted of offering it, we sat still and looked on while Russia lent the Shah 2i: millions, with the express stipulation that our former loan should at once be paid off, that Russia should be indemnified out of the customs revenue, and that she should also have exclusive railway- building privileges in the North of Persia. The results of this bargain will be seen when Persia first fails to pay the interest due on the loan. Then Russian officials will step into the Persian ports, and our trade with Persia, at present Worth $2,~ 400,000 a year, will cease to exist. From a mere fortress, the Island of Aden has growu into a great port and shipping centre. But it might be ten times greater than it is if only Weâ€"its ownersâ€"were not so prodigally careless of our inter- ests. Aden itself is a mere barren pile of volcanic rocks, well. merit- ing its name of “Cinder Heap.” People can hardly live upon it. Yet barely fifty miles away is a magniâ€" ficent table-land, 4,000 ft. high, with A GLORIOUS CLIMATE. and unlimited possibilities in the way of trade. A few thousands spent on building a railway up inâ€" to these hills, and in a few years a great British settlement would ex~ ist there, and all the trade of Southern Yemen, Worth at least $1,500,000 a year, would be in our hands, instead of, as now, in those of the Turks. "We don’t want it,” We said to Germany, when the question of Dam- aralan-(l and the rest of German South-West Africa came up a few years ago. "It is only a desert, and of no use to us. it, and welcome.” How You can have ' it, was ’m tween the reefs the Tricolor was- flying on the hills, and the new French governor of the island invitâ€"» ed the English captain to come- ashore to lunch on French soil. On June 14th, 179-1, the people of' Corsica acknowledged George III. as; their rightful king. In 1795 Sir Gilbert Elliott was made Viceroy, and opened a Parliament. A REVOL’I‘ BROKE OUT In the following year, but we sup.- pressed it. Yet, on the following October 22nd, we calmly relinquishâ€" ed the island, and it was taken over by the French. In South America, which is in some respects the richest continent, of all, our only foothold is that tiny territory British Guiana. How many Britons even remember that, little more than ninety years ago, Beunos Ayres, capital of the richest country in the continent, was in our hands? 'It was taken by the High land Light Infantry, and might have been ours to this day had the HomeGovernment taken the trouble to send a strong relief force. In1 stead, a relieving force, scandalouse 1y incompeteht and shamefully led, was ignominiously defeated, and the plucky Highlanders Were forced to surrender. Newfoundland to-day is one of thé least prosperous of our Colonies. It might be the very opposite. Here is an example of the way we throw away our money there. A few years ago Captain' Cunningham and sev-; eral other gentlemen purchased tha right to Work mines at Ming’s Beght,’ on the west coast. 2 Twenty thousand pounds was. spent on mining plant, and all was? going Well, when one day a French gunboas appeared, and a French flag was planted over ’the shaft» Captain Cunningham was informed that his operations interfered with the French fishery! He Was obliged: to leave it all and return to Eng-- land. It was estimated by M123 Morine, a member of the Newfoundâ€"l land Ministry. that the colony is: losing 20 millions a year because the Home Government will not setâ€" tle matters with France, nor allow the colony itself to do so.â€"â€"London Answers. _._.__+___.___ FACTS AND FIGURES. Interesting Items From All Over{ the World. At Kingstown, Dublin, t‘he nameâ€"_ plates of the principal streets are to: be in English and Gaelic characters; One hundred and si’xteen di'f’fercntg varieties of tulip are under cultivaâ€"l tion in a Lincolnshire bulb grower’s garden. During the nineteenth century 2-00 ships. nlumberless lives and over $30,000,000 were lost in futile ef- forts to reach the North Pole. Some of the postage stamps shown at an international stamp on hibition at Muehlhausexn, Alsace, are priced at $25,000 each. About 930,000,000 is the cstim-att of recent investment of fixed capital in the form of building and plant for the ten or twelve department stores of New York. The Florida orange crop for this season will break the records of thl last ten years. The crop will b( worth $2,700,000, an increase 0': 1,000,000 boxes over last year. Emperor William has sent to tlu, Ifiohenlzollcrn Mllisoum at Berlin 1' small piece of bark, which, as ll announced by a label attach-ed tc used by him to 'bind the Empress’s arm in the absence of me- This despite the fact that the na-i-dical aid when the latter met witl tive chiefs, King Christian and an accident in the Guenewald on others, had begged us to assume a March 27 last, through the falling of protectorate, and that Mr. Robert Lewis, a British subject, owned a huge tract near Angra Pequena. His claims were set aside by the Ger- man Colonial Company, and we ofâ€" fered no objection. is showing fresh treasure huge territory. The mountains are full of copper, the old stream beds glitter with gold. There is grazing for millions of sheep, the hinterland teems with'game, and in the mounâ€" tains are wide tablelands, Where roses, other temperate products grow with the least possible attention. What is even more important, vast de- posits of guano have been discoverâ€" ed ALONG THE COAST. For its size, there is probably no piece of land on the face of the earth which for mineral wealth com pares with New Caledonia. It is full of copper, tin, platinum, besides some of the rarer minerals. Capâ€" tain Cook, on his famous voyage, landed there, and, unfortunately, reaching the Wrongâ€"the northâ€"side of the island, reported the approach as dangerous. For half a century New Caledonia was a noman's land. French and British missionaries and traders Were there, but no flag flew. In 1853 two frigates were lying in the harbor of Sydney. One was French, one British. To them came simuli taneously orders to go and annex New Caledonia. Unhappily, the British ship was commanded by an old woman in a naval uniform. I-Iis ship outsailcd the French one, but when he arrived off the island, he, remembering the warnings of Cap: tain Cook, lay to and commenced taking soundings. ‘he Frenchmen arrived in the night. He did not know the rocks, but it was neck or nothingâ€"a ship against a colony. He got through safely, and when next morning the ship came crawling in be- apples, peaches, wheat,‘ and, NOW every day Am investigation 5 in this; cuts of these criminals shows v r l 4 l her horse. There are now in custody in Eng land and Wales, undergoing terms of imprisonment for crimes, 625 alien! of comparatively recent importation into the anteced' thal in a majority of instances they won driven or assisted out of their own co_u.*.rtries and entered Great Britail unchallenged. Lccrtlurin'g at the Royal Institution on the retardation of the earth’a motion, Prof. lcorge 1T. Darwin said the time would come when the length of a day would be prolonged to fiftyâ€"lime of the present (lays â€" “a very leisurely age to live in.” he interpolated -â€" and when the moon’s journey round the earth would occu: py fifty-live days. The first duly qualified woman phy1 'sician in Alustralia. Dr. Emma Cor.- stancc Stone, recently died at Mel- bourne at the age of glb'. She was the daughter of a London contractor of scientific tastes, who settled in 'l‘asmuniu. She. studied first at the \Voman’s Isl'edicul College, Philadelâ€" phia, afterward in Lmtdon‘ and final- ly in l‘vlelbournc. ____._+.._.._._. SCIENCE IN THE ANDRE. The railway across: the Andes, be- tween Chile and the Argentine Reâ€" public, which was ])l‘ojc(:t0(l ‘20 years ago, is at. last to be completed, the Chilean congress having recently. passed a bill‘l’or the purpose The loftiest part of the pass, which lies- not far south of the great Andean giant, Aconcagua, and which has an- elevation of 13,000 feet, is to be penetrated by a tunnel. which will serve both to avoid snowdrifts and, to decrease the maximum elevation of the road. The terminals of the railway on each side of the pass are now within one day’s travel by mule. caravan from one another. will he the first rail line to cross the South American continent. This J I P l S l l -qu_-< ‘vw ’ " -‘u.’ vvm . w .,..