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Rwy.“ a («maâ€"A.“ . A, . «VA ,r wmcvmmmqyawmwmwcflw i2 en flEM â€"â€" PRUNING FRUIT TREES. With fruit trees pruning is import- mt because it can be used for the purPOSe of checking the growth as well as for the purpose of thinning the fruit. It is an old and well es- tablished maxim among fruit grow- ers that whatever tends to check, growth increases the fruitfulness of the plant. Pruning can be used to accomplish this result to a certain limited degree. Plantations which are tardy in coming into hearing may, therefore, by judicious pruning, be brought into profitable productiOn. Accelerating groWth.â€"-â€"Contradictory as it may at first thought appear, pruning is frequently resorted to to accelerate or augment growth in plants. Weak growing nursery stock is frequently cut back during the restâ€" ing period in order that all the strength of the root may be forced in- to the formation of a single upright stalk which will make the plant a salable nursery tree. Rejuvenation of old treesâ€"Severe pruning is also resorted to with old- er plants for the purpose of rejuven- ating them. 01d apple trees and 01d shade trees are frequently so treated, in order to induce them to throw out strong new shoots ’ Effect on fruit cropsâ€"With such plants as the peach, which bears its fruit upon the growth of the previous year, pruning is of great importance, as the grower can reduce the crop in proportion to the capacity of the tree. Successful fruit growers thorâ€" oughly understand the importance of gauging the quantity of fruit allowed to be borne by a tree to the capa~l city of the tree, the ability of the tree in this respect being measured by the rate of growth, the variety and the soil and climatic conditions to which it is subjected. Control of disease.»â€"Pruning is of prime importance also in controlling the action of some 01‘ our most dread~ ed plant diseases. The study of pear- blight, for instance, has shown that this disease is very generally com- municated from plant to plant by insects, through the pollen, as they pass from blossom to blossom, or, later in the season, from shoot to shoot. It is also believed that the disease can be carried by the wind and that infection can take place while the vegetative processes are ac- tive and the tissue at the ends of the, branches can easily be entered by the germs of the disease. Pcarâ€"blight.â€"The way in which pruning is of service in controlling pearâ€"blight is as follows: It is the natural tendency of the pear and the apple while young to form fruiting spurs upon the body and large branches of the tree. These fruiting spurs produce blossoms from year to year, which are in turn as liable to be visited by bees or other insects carrying the destructive spores of the pearâ€"blight as are the blossoms at the extremities of the branches. It is evident, therefore, that a blossom situated upon the body or larger branches of a tree becoming infected by this disease would communicate it directly to the framew0rk of the tree, with the result that the tree would mdoubtedly be fatally injured; but if these fruiting spurs are all eliminâ€" ated from the body and larger branches of the tree by careful prun: ing the possibility of infection in this Way is overcome. The available means of gaining entrance to the tree by this parasite is confined to the smaller branches, which, if affected, can be cut away 'without severely inâ€" ! juring or disfiguring the tree. This is, in brief, the method of successâ€" fully controlling the pearâ€"blight. It is purely a mechanical operation, but one. which requires a rigid execution of the principle of removing, all res: With the very young and very old, and with persons of low vitality, the re.ieving and curing lo. grippe, dangers of la. grippc are very great. Pneumonia of a violent and fatal form is a frequent result. It is also sumption can be directly traced to in, grip-p0. The after effects of la. grippe are most often felt in the nervous system. The extreme debilâ€" ity in which this disease leavns its victim is more than niost nervous systems can endureâ€"paralysis or prostration follows. The most successful doctors advise their patients to avoid exposure to cold or over-exertion, and recom- mend. both general and local treatâ€" ment, such as Dr. Chase’s Nerve Food, to strengthen and tone the system, and Dr. Chase’s Syrup of Linseed and Turpentine to loosen the cough and protect the bronchial tubes and lungs from threatened complications. Any mmest and conscientious doc~ tor will tell you that this combined treatment recommended by Dr. Chase ged body to its acoustomerl vigor. Dr. 1 -Chas»c’s Syrup of Linseed and Turâ€" claimed that very manypases of conâ€" i pcutine is too well know as a i rekindles nveakened by disease, worry or over- . » - milked dry at‘ each milking; Clean milking is of greater .1 importance, however, in keeping up a full flow. There should always be a friendly feeling between the cow and the inilker, and milkers should not be changed any oftener than is absoâ€" fruiting spurs from the body and main framework branches of the tree as well as cutting out all infested shoots in other parts of the tree. Plum and peach rot.â€"â€"In the case of the dreaded plum and peach rot l(Monilia fructigenial) the ravages of the disease can be stayed to a limited Ilutely necessary. Our best dairymen extent by the removal of branches lay special stress upon these tw0 would interfere and would bring the points, and it is well for every body [fruits upon adjacent branches in conâ€" to do likewise. ' Don’t be irregular about the milk- :tact, for it is well known that this . _ disease is readily communicated from 111g time, have a definite hour in the ‘ morning, and at night, and milk at Efruit to fruit if they come in contact. _ ' l'I‘hinning, then, which is .a process of these appointed times. The same applied to feeding periods and the im- lpruning, has for one of its primary iobjects the control of this desease for portance of .these facts cannot be over estimated. lit is the endeavor. of successful growâ€" Iers of peaches and plums to have the Milking should be done with clean hands and the udder of the cow , fruits so distributed upon the . lbranches that they shall not come in should be washed if necessary, but ' one should make it a regular prac- zcontact, even when fully developed. It tice to rub the udder with a damp iis the aim of the peach grower to cloth before each milking whether {have the fruits at least six inches I . .apart, while it is the object of the there is any apparent necessny for this or not. iplum grower to have them 2-3 to 4 A nervous cow is preferable to a finches apart. _ , .......... stoli-d one. The chances are that she POULTRY NOTES. Would give more and better milk than Pure water is more essential than her dull’ -m°pi5h SiSter' there are do‘ [Clean grain. grees .of mental development even Chickens hatched- among cows. Intelligence often ac- arc free from lice. compames, PI'OfltabIODCSS as a milk Keeping hens confined and unoccuâ€" Meme“ pied causes laziness. As a general rule, a large red comb insures a layer every time. You can nearly always depend upon the hardiness of all fowls that fea- xther slowly. Large flocks that are beyond the- reach of reasonable attention and lcare, instead of a profit will prove a in an incubator .._._._._+...__.... CONSUMPTION CURABLE . Good Blood Makes the Lungs Strong and Expels Disease. ’l‘lievtime to.cure consumption is not after the lungs are hopelessly involved and the doctor has given gloss. _ _ you up. Consumption preys upon l Artificial hatching is profitable onâ€" weakness. Strength is the only ily when laying hens are kept-t0 supâ€" measure of safety. Do not let the blood become thin and watery. That is an open invitation to disease to take possession of your system. Dr. Williams’. Pink Pills arc the best tonic and strength builder known to medical science. The record of this medicine proves conclusively that taken when the symptoms of con- sumption develop it builds up, strenâ€" gthens and invigorates the patient to a point where the disease disap- pears. Efere is a bit of positive :ply the incubators’ capacity. : Milk is one of the best egg pro-â€" ‘ducers than can be fed to poultry, and they can be given all that they will drink. ' I Want of exercise and proper feedâ€" ing are often the cause of fowls get- ting into the habit of feathers pul- ling. I Chicks hatched from eggs kept too llong are not so vigorous as those :hatched from fresh ones. ' 7 .,. -1, -_ 5: proof. Miss Blanche Durand, St. “henevu a CthflJl is so Sicl that Edmond; Que” says: “While out it cannot be induced to eat, about the best remedy is the hatchet. A barrel laid on its side in a seclu- jded place, with a stone on each side ‘to support it, makes a good place for a turkey to lay in. A hot breakfast from this time on iwill aid materially in securing a .good supply of eggs regularly. A small male bird running with .large hens will be more sure to ferâ€" ftilize their eggs than a large male ,with small hens. | The nests for the setting hens should' be made fresh every time. Not only should all material be removed, but the nest be whitewashed inside land out. _ i Grinding food for poultry is not necessary unless for the purpose of boating in September, 1901, I got my feet wet and took cold. I treatâ€" ed the cold in the usual way, but the cough seemed to cling to me. As several months passed by and I was not getting better, I went to a. doctor in January, 1902, and he told -me that my lungs were affected and I was in consumption. Returnâ€" ing home a friend in whom I had much confidence strongly urged me to take Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills. I began taking the pills and soon found they were-helping me. The cough g: cw‘ less severe; my appetite improved and my strength began to return. I continued taking the pills for about two months, when I found my health fully restored, and I have not since experienced any weakness. ;feeding a. mixture or variety that I am sure Dr. Willioms’ Pink Pills lcannot be given them in any other saved my life.” 'shape, Such cases as these prove the pow- er of Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills. They itic changes, and often regulate their make new l‘iCh. 1‘0d blood, and in llaying by the temperature of the atâ€" this way Cause all diseases due to 'mosph'eye, - had blood and weak nerves. You Should the comb of a hen become Ca“ {let these Pills from any medicine frosted, she will rarely lay until the deal?” 01' by mail RP 50 Cents a. box injured member is entirely healed. “1' “X Eloxcfi 1'5” {IQ-5:0. by writing While feeding fowls well with a vaâ€" ' 1,111; Wmmmfi medium? 00-. ,riety of food is essential to egg proâ€" 1039110- Out- iduction, no amount of good feeding lwill entirely compensate for bad i Quarters. Fowls are very sensitive to climaâ€" m-.~â€"â€"¢v_m COUNTER RESOLUTION S . When Mr. Blank had finished his dinner he and his wife adjourned to the sitting room and drew their chairs close up to the glowing grate. “Clara,” he began, earnestly, “I’ve been making some new resolutions to-day.” “Oh, I’m so glad, dear l” his wife exclaimed, in a tone of sympathetic rejoicing. ‘Mr. Blank appeared n. littln nett1~ ed, but swallowed hastily, and reâ€" sumed the subject. m DAIRY N O‘TES. In building barns for cows don't lneglect when drawing the plans, to iarrangc for plenty of light and sunâ€" shine as well for ample ventilation. i A cow will not give (lou’n her milk to a milker that she dislikes, or is 1afraid of, and besides, the milk she idoes give will not contain so large an amount of fat. I The strippings are richer in fat than lthe milk that is first drawn, this is “ I just jottevd them down as 'I one reason why a cow should beithought of them. Here, I’ll 'read them to you,” and he drew out a. Ipapcr from his vest pocket and put â€"-â€"" Mrs. Blank murmured, softy; . but Mr. Blank had begun his read- ,j. ling. l “Resolution No. 1. Buttons kept Icarefully sewed on vests, coats, and iotlfer wearing apparel. z é . .on his eyeâ€"glasses. v » "And if I can help you at all, clear To Persons of Low Vitalitwaocal and Constitution- 5 al Treatment Necessaryâ€"The Advantages of 9r. ~ Chase’s Remedies. drawer of chiffonnier.” Mrs. Blank’s eyes were blazing dani- g:crously, but he was foolhardy enough to continue. “No. 3. No bills accepted for pay- "No. 4-. Cost of.spring bonnet not to exceed four dollars.” Mrs. Blank here broke in vehementâ€" ‘ 1V :â€" “ch, sir, and I, too, have a set of 'collurs kept in of cannot be surpassed as a means _ and restonng the weakened and debilitatâ€" cure,new resolutions, I don’t have to for bronchitis and severe chest, colds write them down either! Here they to need comment. Dr. Chase's Nerve are i” ' Food seeks out the weak Spots in. .“No 1'. NOt leave the fire for your the system and builds them up. It! Wife to light every morning. the vitality of persons -“NO‘ 2' Bring home spent at clubs and banquets to the grocer’s bill. “No. 3. Not squander money cigais.” “Why, Clara, you know I was only Blank Pay exertion. and cannot possibly be ' equalled as a restorative and recon- structant to hasten recovery from la grippe, and ‘ to prevent serious constitutional complications. Dr. Chase’s Syrup of Linseed and Turpentine, 25 cents a bottle, fam- ily sire (three times, as much), 60 cents. Dr. Chase’s Nerve Food, 50 cents a box, six boxesfor $2.50, at all dealers, or Edmanson, Dates ((5 00., Toronto. To protect you against imitations, the portrait and signature of Dr. 'A. W. Chase, the fanious receipt book author, are on every box. joking, ' ’ Mr. endeavored to temporize. .-â€"._._+... Blobbsâ€"“Have you ever had any experience with train robbers on. your, travels ?”. Slobbsâ€"â€"”We’ll, I'fve stacked up against- la good many’ Pullman car porters.” ’ the man who money to pay Fortunate is borrow enough debts. can his l the money . northern side. PORT Alllliflll DEFENBES IMPREGI‘TAPTT‘ are. THE ROCK OF GIBRALTAR. Shots of Enei y VJould.Fall Be- hind. IYLilitary Works and Arsenal. Port Arthur, the ancient seaport of Lizâ€"chunâ€"cheng, was 'until the war between China and Japan in 1894 in the undisputed possession of the Chinâ€" ese. On Nov. 21, 1894, it was capo tured by Japanese troops. By the treaty of peace between China and her neighbor, which was signed at Shimoneseki on April 17, 1895, it was coded to Japan, with practicalâ€" ly the whole of the Liautung Peninâ€" Sula, including .211] islands appertain- ing or belonging thereto, says the London Times. Owing to the action of Russia, sup- ported by France and Germany, Jaâ€" pan was compelled to retrocede un- der Article 1 of a convention signed at Pekin on Nov. 8, 1895, all the territory occupied by her in Manchurâ€" ia and by Dec. 81 of that year the last Japanese soldier had been with- drawn. ' It is unnecessary to recall the proâ€" cess by which, in less than two and a hglf years after its evacuation by the Japanese, Russia had established herself in Port Arthur, never of her OWn free will to quit it. No sooner had the lease been extracted from China than the Russian Government set. to Work to render their new pos- session imprcgnable for all time. It would not be out of place here to de- scribe roughly the position and phy- sical aspects of the port." Situated on the southâ€"eastern extremity of the Liau-tunp: Peninsula, Port Arthur is just outside the southern limit of Winter ice, this immunity being one of its most valuable features. THE HARBOR is an oval inlet of the sea, two miles long from east to west, and a mile from north to south; it is surround- ed by hills of varying elevation, and its sole entrance is on the southern side by a narrow channel guarded at the southâ€"western end by a couple of dangerous reefs, and protected against bad weather by a narrow spit of rocky land known as the Tiger’s Tail, which runs diagonally across its northern extremity. This harbor, however. was so shallow that until extensive dredging aperations- had been undertaken no vessel of any size could enter; , even now there are berths for but three battleships in addition to smaller craft. For this reason the major portion of the Rus- sian fleet has always been forced to lie outside the heads, or else enter the large swing basin or wet dock. which lies to the east, facing the enâ€" trance to the harbor proper. The approach to the harbor and basin is very confined, and from the nature of its surroundings is very easily defended. To the east. Kwangâ€" chin T-Iill rises to a height of nearly 250 feet above the" sea level, and its elevation has been taken full advant’ age of by the erection and around its summit of three powerful batter- ies, mounting. besides smaller guns. four new breechâ€"loading cannon. weighing 632.- tons, on fortress mount- ' On the side facing the entrance and half way down the slope are two batteries of quickâ€"firers, for the most part Canet 5.5-inch and 75 mm. guns, in addition to a torpedo and seai'chlieht station. THE FORTIFICATIONS . extend from the KWang-chiir-Shall Port for a distance of nearly 40 versts in the northern direction, and this is joined by a circle of batteries in the hilltops surrounding the town to the second long line of defences starting south around the peninsula from the Mautow Hill. So much for the eastern side of the entrance. On the west the most important fort is the Wci~Yuen, and this is joined to several small quickâ€"fire batteries com.- manding the entrance by castcllgted bridges. A short time ago the whole of these fortifications were surrounded by ahigh Wooden palisade to prevent the inquisitive from learn- ing too much. The width of the entrance from Pinnacle 120211: on the west to the op- posite shore is barely 350 yards, whilst the three-fathom' channel at its narrowest is not more than 500 feet in width. Within the heads it. wid- "No. 2. Handkerchiefs, socks, andvens out somewhat, and between ythe right-hand upper lend of the Tiger’s Tail and the enâ€" trance to the basin there is a width of 430 yards; even this makes it a I \w Iâ€"IELI’ YOUR CHILD. "‘â€" When your childâ€"Whether it is a big child or a little baby â€"â€" suffers from any of the minor ailments which come to children, or. is. nerva ous or fidgety and doesn't sleep well, give it Baby’s .Owri'Tablets. This medicine is the quickest and surest. cure, and the safest, because it is ab- solutely harmless. It will help the feeble new born babe as surely as the well grown child. Mrs. F. 1). Kirk, The Barony, 51.13., says: “1 have used Baby’s Uwu Tablets with most satisfactory results, and do not feel safe without them in the house. I find that one dose is usually suffi- cient to cure the small ailments of the stomach or bowels.” If you do not find the Tablets at your medicine dealers write direct to The Dr. Wil- liams’ ,Medicine 00., Ilrockvillc, Ont., and they will be sent post paid at 25 cents a box. figures are interesting, for they show thatyeven with her draught augment- ed nearly 6 feet, the lletvizan might still enter the dock for repairs at high water. An Bil-ton sheerlegs is in position on the land side of the basin, and immense engine shops and repairing houses are in course of construction wherever there is an available plot of laud. Just inside the Tiger's Tail the mud has been dredged away so as. to allow de- stroyers to lie alongside the building slip, and here eight to a dozen are nearly always moored. As to the town, the old Chinese city' is rapidly becoming a. mass of barracks, and on every side the dirty homes of the Celestials are giving way to fine stone buildings; the mod- ern town is canstructcd on the Illu- ropean plan, its only and allâ€"pervad- ing fault being excessive filth, stench and a complete lack of drainage. FINE VATER WORKS have for some time been in coursc of erection, and before long the. elec- tric lizrht will be installed all over the town, though whether by the Russians remains to be seen. (in the high hill at the back of the. town are placed a lighthouse, signal station, and telephone office; from here a su- perb view of the surrounding country may be obtained. To the right. of this hill (facing seawards) lies the newly-built residence of the Vireâ€" roy, the only respectable habitation in that quarter of the town. To the left stretches the new town, reaching almost to the surrounding hills about four miles to the east. Prominent amongst the many buildings are the new barracks, a series of 24.- grey stone edifices placed in four rows of six each. Nearer the harbor are the. prison telegraph office, courtâ€"house, and Customs, but nothing in the nature of a private dwelling is tobc seen anywhere. Beyond the new town, and divided from the east port. by a narrow strip of land, is a large, shalâ€" low lngoon, and a second smaller one, into which empties a ‘river, cuts off the old town from the new. A wide bridge spans this at its narrowâ€" est place and leads down a brawl road to the gates of the arsenal and dockyard. Given time, the Russians rut-um have made a model city of Port I\.:--â€" thur; but, tmfortunately, more akin;- tion was paid (and from their point of vie\v rightly so) to itsdcfa'. :a than to its; development along gleam» ful lines. , THE Alfil‘INIS'lflilATION of the town. was entrusted to a. com~ mittee of officers under the prc “racy of the Viceroy, and in his abse. . senior naval officer present. . Militarism is, of course, l‘ill'iii‘iillit; and, but for a, few Chinese who l.i.‘l'li found the Russian rule bearable, one seldom meets a. man clad in anythi but a‘ uniform; the “rickshaI; cal of the whole of China, has .. replaced by the “drosky” driven :- “mujiks” of an unusually dirty typo. As regards facilities for travel, there Was (for it is wiser to speak 'm‘ the past tense now) a splendid railway connection with the transâ€"Siberian) system, and on Mondays and ’i"ll'.‘,.~:s~ days a through Pullman express mm to Irkutsk, meeting the transâ€"confine . cntal section from Vladivostock. A line of steamch under {fission mm trol made daily trips to (Jhei‘oe, eight hours distant, and Russian "lz'ai’tlflfiln had been taking more'and {mire o! the Core-an coast trade away {ix-.17: the Japanese, who until recently (us..â€" ’ sesscd a. praclical monopoly. ' One more feature is worthy of noâ€" most difficult, task for any “.3391 Over tice~â€"tho so-called impregnabiliiy m’ 300 feet in length to entet or leave :POl‘t Arum“ [It Would l.:e uln'iosl. as impose... either the harbor or basin. On the Tiger’s Tail are placed se‘.'â€" 'C‘lmm'l‘ “S an moored in the inner harbor municl he on Canct 5.5~inch quick-firch in open battery at an elevation of not in WHO“ “MOW- Soa; at pomt whether the dockyard Could be endof the spit is a ‘dflmagc‘l by more than 10 feet above the the extreme From the sea I think - to and mups‘ libraltzu‘. .l“urfl‘1(_‘r it i"; moot highâ€"angle fire; {in} quadruple launching slip for destroy; works and arsenal lie so closely un- ers. from which two lots of four have (1‘3".“10 K‘legchl” been launched after being Iprojectiles so discharged would more this, l recently sent out in sections. Behind I-lill that any probably range far into the town at again, is a, Gil-cmm- obgmvvauon tow_ ,the back. lli‘rom the land side. «I: is or and fiagstafi‘. ' . THE BASIN 0R EAST PORT on was excavated primarily by the Chin- ese, as also the dryâ€"dock cut in its? 112- has an average} depth of fathoms and can (LL'L'Dlll-’ I modatc nearly a dozen largo vesSels. } The western end is devoted cxclusiyeâ€"- for these small boats is in the proâ€" , .cess of construction ,on'the lye to torpedo craft, though‘a dockl ‘ I _ eastern side. The dry-dock, repaired "and enlarged by the Russians, is 452 feet over all, 370 feet over blocks, 90 feet wide at the entrance, and has a depth on the sill at high water, or" dinary sprng tides, of ‘2 feet. Thesel diillcult to judge. of the. Value of the .defences, but it appeared to ma Uzi-1t a determined foe might very conceiv- ably l:e able to rush the place by a concerted attack from several 4")»52‘53. But for these and other 11ml" must. await. the enursm m‘ or “Wt. anew. stuns"? . .. EMA-HRH SURE a 55 sem direct to 12.1 diseauud parts by the Improved Eiluwcr licalx the ulcers. clears the :1: passagesganps droppln s in flu throat and permumnlfy sure-s ,Lamrrh and May Fever. Blower free. All dealers. or Dr. A. W. Chem Medicine C0,. Torcnm and Build.