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. ~ ..~,. - a. 5-. g. 35‘ g i; 16.. ‘i " ' .P i. “t ! *"wgfwâ€"ivdxivr' , ~ 1-. - .w. -_.. ~. .9 fiFEE-ald' “Ht @ifilflgfd - l\.IL'I‘IIODS OF DRAINAGE. While 0an ditches for land drain- age may be necessary and under cerâ€" tain: conditions "the only way;" they must- he considered as decidedly ob- iactionable where tiles can be used. The open ditch obstructs the various forms of tillage and all farm opera- tions. Its first cost is expensive as compared with the tile because much more labor must be expended in he digging of an open ditch. It is lia- ble to be partially filled in by the tramping of stock, if the land is pastured. by the action of frost and the growth of Weeds, so that its useâ€" fulness will be impaired. An obâ€" structed channel for the free pas- sage of water is a first essential in farm drainage and this can only be secured as a permanent improvement in the covered tile drain. So- while other materials may serve a. temporary purpose in drainage, tiles are so much superior in point of cost when durability and results are measured; as to hardly admit of deâ€" voting any space to the discussion-of other methods. ' The problem of farm drainage is to lower the water table (by which we, mean the body of stagnant water found in all soils at a greater or less distance from‘the surface), so that it will not interfere with the growth of crops. Proper drainage leaves the particles of soil full of moisture but the spaces between the partichs are free and open for the admission of air. The earlier advocates of tile drainâ€" age favored drains four or five feet deep. It- is a well established factl that the deeper the drain the farther it will drain the water, so at first sight it would seem economical to. DRAIN DEEP. When, however, we stop to considâ€" er the extra Cost of digging the deep ditch we shall see that it is the most costly. It often costs as much to dig the last foot in a ditch four feet deep as it did to dig the first three] I l - Of course in any system of drainage there will be likely to be places where the ditch must be deep in order to get the proper fall; but we think the best authorities do not advocate placâ€" ing the average tile drain more than, two and a half to three feet deep. Muck lands that would be likely to settle a good deal after draining Would be an exception. The size of tiles so that they may have sufficient capacity to carry off the water quickly should be carefully considered. The rule is that the ca- pacity of tiles is to each other as the squares of their diameters. That is a tile two inches in diameter will 50p the drains carry four times as much Water a oneâ€"inch pipe; one three nine times as much. days of tile drainage many tiles were used which worked very well with the average rainfall; but were not able to carry off an extraâ€" ordinary rainfall quick enough to preâ€" 3 vent injury to the growing crops. The thing to provide for is the extraor- dinary amount of water that must. be removed if crops are not to suffer. | Larger tile is now the rule. I thian most of the tiles laid now are noti less than three inches. I In locating a system of drains the} outlet demands most careful attcn-i tion. It should be ample for the dis-I charge of a full volume of waterl from the. drains and well protected so 3 that it will not be obstructed in anyl way. If conditions permit a subâ€" stantial wall of stone through which the discharging tile passes, with the! opening covered with wire to preâ€" Vent the ingress of small animals, Will be found satisfactory. The fall required to secure effective‘ drainage will depend largely on they skill employed in surveying the line MEDICINE FOR MEN. Something That Will Banish Wor- ries and. Brace up the System. Has it ever occurred to you that you need a medicine as Montâ€"not as old men or young men, but as men ? Are you never conscious that the special wear and tear of life which men sustain need repair ‘2 Worry wears a. man out quicker than work, but worry is not an accident, it is a. symptomâ€"a. symptom of nervous ex- haustion. Other symptoms are ner- vous headache; morning laziness, that makes it difficult to get out of bed; a weak‘ feeling in the back; in~ digestion; breathlessness after slight exertion; irritable temperâ€"perhaps some nerve pain as neuralgia, sciati- ca or incipient paralysis. Dr. liams' Pink Pills, as a medicine for men, act directly upon the source of discomfort. They restore manly viâ€" gor and energy, improve the appetite and tone up the nerves and the whole system. Mr. Neil H. McDonald, Estmere, N_.B.., is one of the many men who has proved the value of Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills. He says I “I am glad to be able to say that I have found Dr. Williams' Pink Pills all that is claimed for them. I was completely run down; my appetite Was poor, and I suffered much from severe headaches. Doctors medicine did not give me the needed relief, so I decided to try Dr. Villiams’ Pink Pills. I used only a few boxes when my former health returned, and now I feel like a new man.” Weak, nervous, broken down menâ€" and women, tooâ€"will iindmew health and happiness in a fair use of Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills. But be sure that you get the genuine with the full name “Dr. Willlams' Pink Pills for Pale People" printed on the wrapper around every box. Sold by medicine dealers or sent by mail at 50 cents a box. or six boxes for $2.50, by writing The Dr. Williams Medicine Co., Brockville, Ont. and laying the tiles. A very moder- ate fall will answer when the details are attended to IN THE BEST WAY. Waring says one foot to the hundred feet is desirable, while one half that amount,.-'of fall, or six inches in one hundred feet, is quite sufficient if the execution of the work is carefully atâ€" tended to. The distance apart of the tile drains Will depend on the kind of soil and the depth of the drains. On’heavy clays the distance must be less to seâ€" cure good drainage than on soils of loamy or gravelly character. No fixed rules can be given as to distance, that will always be safe to follow, as soils vary greatly in texture and capacity to retain moisture. As a rule, it is wise to employ a skilled man to lay out and level the drains. This work must be done well will prove a failure. as lThe grading well done, the tiles can indies ibe laid by anyone careful and pains- In the earlier ltalzing. small i If mistakes are made, grades wrong, a. poor tile. or carelessly laid, we must remember that if it is buried out of sight the mistake will be ap- parent in the condition of the land {about the obstructed tile. Our outâ€" lay will be without benefit. Unless good tile are well laid in a properly graded ditch, it is a waste of money and labor. It is very difficult to locate an abstracted tile, and expenâ€" sive to repair a poorly laid drain. Tiles should be hard and wall burned. Some if exposed to the frost are soft and crumble and are not worth laying. The water does not enter the tile through the pores to any great extent, as many suppose, but through the spaces between the tiles. Laid as carefully and closely as may be the Water will find its way throughthe joints or ends. If one is thinking * of expending money and, labor in drainage it will pay to look into and master all de- tails as far as practicable. Too often such work is begun in haste, carried "PM"? sense At Eghty Years old People Everywhere Are Being Cured of Chronic - » Kidney Disease by ‘ Br. Qhass’s Kidney Liver Pile 4: As old age comes on it is usually the kidneys that,first fail to do their duty as filters of the blood. Uric acid poison gets into the sys- tem and the result is much suffering from backache, lumbago, rheumatism and pains in the sides and legs. ,‘here is no medicine so well apâ€" preciated by the old people as Dr. Chase's ilx'idneyâ€"Liver Pills. They re~ move the cause of suffering. Mr. R. J. McBain, Niagara Falls, Ont., a man of eighty years and well known throughout the Niagara district, writes: “I believe if it had not been for Dr. Chase's Kidneyâ€" IJlVCl' Pills I would be in my grave before this. I was very bad with kidney disease and suffered with dreadful pains in my kidneys. Being disappointed in the use of many medâ€" icines, I had almost given up ‘hopes of ever getting better. “(Tine morning, after a night of es- pecially severe suffering, a friend callâ€" not try Dr. Chase's Pills. Kidneyâ€"Liver I got a box at once, and took ‘two pills, which was a rather heavy dose; one pill is plenty at a dose. I used them regularly for a month, and at the end of that time-was a changed man. It is now about five years since I began using this pill, and since that time I have felt as good as I did forty years ago. I am almost eighty years old, and am free from all disâ€" ease, except rheumatism, and this is much better than it used to be be- fore I used this medicine. I recom- mend Dr. Chase’s Kidney-Liver Pills with all my heart to any per- son, man or woman. This is my opinion of these valuable pills, and you may use it for the benefit of others." Dr. Chase's Kidney-Liver Pills one pill a dose, 25c a box at all dealers, or Edmanson, Bates & Co., Toronto. To protect the portrait and signature of Dr. A. l l l Wilâ€" portions 1 l l l l -. â€". on in a haphazard way, and the re- sults are not Satisfactory. HOW TO MIX CEMENT. Cement is coming generally into use as a substitute for lumber in the building of floors and the erec- tion of silos and other farm build- ings. The value of the cement strucâ€" ture will depend to a large extent upâ€" on the proportions in which to mix cement, sand and gravel. The amount of cement to use will depend upon the character of the gravel and sand, and therefore, it is difficult to lay down any hard and fast rule that will exactly serve in all cases. The following is a test or method recom- mended by the United States Governâ€" ment for ascertaining the right pro- to use and may be found helpful to those- erecting cement structures: ' Take of gravel a certain measure and shake it down to compact it; strike oil" the top with a straight edge; then measure water and pour into gravel until all voids are filled. The water used will show the amount of the mixture of cement and sand that will be required to make a. proper concrete. Repeat the operation, using sand instead of gravel. and the amount of water absorbed by the sand will show the amount of cement to add to the sand. But it must be borne in mind that the cement and sand mixâ€" ed with water will not fill the same amount of space as before putting toâ€" gether and adding the water. That is, one cubic foot of cement and two cubic feet of sand will not, when mixed with water, make three Cubic feet of mortar. .___/ WATERING ANIMALS. There should be a’ prescribed sys- tem for the regular Watering of all animals on the farm. The belief is more common than it should be that water at long intervals is not only sufficient, but that it is the best way of treating cattle. Of course, this‘is a mistake, and one that ought to be apparent to all who give the matter any thought. In the first place, a thirsty state is an un- comfortable state for the animal to be in, and from motives of humanity it should be relieved. It is a condiâ€" tion directly opposed to good digesâ€" tion. When thirst is allayed only when it has arrived at a. stage of acute suffering, an overdose of wa- ter is taken, and that causes as much injury to the digestive organs as the thirsty condition which it supâ€" ercedes. Cattle should, wherron dry feed, get water. .___.__§___._._ TROUBLES OI‘vIE BABIES . Babies are not naturally troubleâ€" someâ€"they should be bright, active and happy and a joy to your home. When baby is troublesome you may depend upon it there is some of the many minor ailments bothering him. These can all be overcome by the use of Baby's Own Tablets. Proof of this is given by Mrs. C. L. Marshall, Falkland Ridge, N. 8., who says:â€" "I am pleased to state that I have used Baby’s Own Tablets for my children with great success. I think the Tablets the very best medicine for all the ailments of small children and would recommend them to mo- thers who have troublesome babies." Baby's Own Tablets cure constipaâ€" tion, indigestion, diarrhoea, prevent croup, allay irritation at teething time, break up colds and destroy Worms. In fact there are none of the minor ailments of childhood which the Tablets will not cure. Sold by druggists or may be had at 25 cents a box by writing direct to Dr. Williams Medicine Co., Brockville, Ont. ~ ..____.___+..______. JAMAICA NEGROES. Much Humor and Philosophy in Their Quaint Maxims. The Jamaica negrocs have a lingo of their own. They laconically ex- press thoughts of wisdom which would do credit to King Solomon. It is possible that aptitude for making maxims has been inherited from the Spaniards, who occupied the island until the middle of the seventeenth century. Their sayings cannot be compared in literary merit with the beautiful proverbs of the Spaniards, but they are filled with as deep phil- OSOphy, and, added to this, there ap- pears thereln a keen sense of humor something quite absent in the lingo of the American darkies. Out of ,the mixture of philosophy and humor have come many quaint sayings which are as familiar in Ja- maica as our own. Some of them are differently \vorded versions of fa- miliar proverbs; still others express most aptly that which we have often thought in many words, but which they have condensed. Have you not heard some one say,_ “Oh, I don’t mind her paying me a visit, but I would not have her live with me for the world?" The Jamaica negro sums th.‘s up thus: “Come see me is one ting (thing), come live with me is quite another.” When you have put yourself out to do a kjndness and that kindness has been entirely unappreciated, how well dot-s this apply: "Be good you do, de tankey (thanks) you get." When‘you hear a man call another all sorts of names behind his back, but. in hls presence change his manner and vocabulary, becoming polite and civil, the proverb applied by the r: negro is uchihd dog, it is dog; be- you against imitations, 'fore dos}. it is Mr. llog.” When they desire very much to (10' cd {(1 see me, and asked why I (lid ,W. Cha :0, the famous receipt book'sozncthing and seek, a reason, howâ€"- '.--vr'~~:. 1/3 The Mutual Life _of Canada 34THIXI§NUAL lâ€"{IEPORT Presented to the Annual Meeting of Policyhclders. Thursday, March 3, X904. i ‘ Gentlemen: Your Directors respectfully Submit for your consideration their report of the business for the year ended December Slat, 1903. With the Financial Statement duly audited. We are pleased to inform you that, in all branches, the busmess was of E 3105b gratifying character, and that the new busi‘hess was largely in ex- cess of that of any other year in the history of the Company. The Sur- plus earnings wore Such as enabled us to continue the some very liberal scale of distribution to the Policyholders, as in the past. The death rate was slightly in advance of that of 1902, but still much below the expecta- tion. The Lapses and Surrenders have been gradually decreasing for some time, and for the past year were comparatively moderate. NEW and OLD BUSINESS.â€"â€"â€"The applications received for new business were 3,518 for $5,173,112, of which 4-7 for $72,500 wore (inclined. Tho Policies issued ware for $5,011,390, and the amount of insurance now in force is, $37,587,551.58, under 25,730 policies, being an increase in amount of $3,118,681. INCOME.â€"The net premium income, less reinsurance, was $1,254,- 986/17; Interest and Rents $306,007.48; Profit and Loss $76.08; Total Income $1,561,070.03. _ PAYMENTS TO POLICYH‘OL'DICRS.â€"The payments to Policyholderl were: Death Claims $253,586.95; Endowments $122,587; Purchased Poll- cies $31,972.18; Surplus $77,300.28; Annuities $8,274.90; Total 5-198,- 721.31. Expense Account $282,728.43; Total Disbursements $776,449.74. Excess of income over expenditure $784,620.29. The Cash Assets amount to $6,882,953.83; the Total Assrls are $7,- 298,552.12, an increase over 1902 of $888,772.04. LIABILITIESâ€"The total Liabilities are $6,676,224.19, including the requisite reserve of $6,617,714.89 for the security of Policyholders, com~ puth at 4 per cent., 3% per cent. and 3 per cent. , SURPLUS.â€"The Surplus of the Company's. standard of valuation h $616,633.46, and on Government standard $878,466.00. The increase in Surplus is $117,483.22. During the year the demand for money was active, and the funds were fully invested, at a somewhat better rate of interest, and in a class of securities entirely outside anything of a hazardous or speculative char- acter. The payments on Principal and' Interest were unusually well met there being only $5,998 overdue interest at the close of the year most of which has since been paid. The Executive Committee examined all the securities, and compared them with the records, all of which were found correct, and in accordancc with the statement herewith submitted. The Manager, Officers and Staff continue to discharge their respective duties to the satisfaction of the Board. You will be called upon to elect four ‘Directors, in the place of the Hon. Mr. Justice Britton, Francis C. Bruce, M.P., 3‘. Kerr Fisken and Geo. A. Somerville, whose term of office has expired, but all of whom are eligible for reâ€"elcction. _ On Behalf of the Board, ROBERT MELVIN, President. FINANCIAL STATEMENT. LEDGER .‘..SSETSâ€"Dec. 31st, 1902 ....... _.... ............................ $6,003,338.5d INC Olllbl'. $1 [rd 9% 47 Premiums (net) ................................................ ,uD -, . ). Interest 111an rents .......................................... 306,023.32 Profit an: .053 ........................................ .. ......... . $1,561 070 08 PAYMENTS T0 POLICY HOLDER S. Death Claims ................................. 5253158695 Matured Endowments ..................... 122,587.00 Payments to Annuitants ............... 8,274.90 Purchased Felicia; .1 ..... 31.363188 .3 ' ' " o e: ....... .. "'2‘ .1. Surplus paid to o my ( IS _. u *w s ' v .......................................... 2 Ln": All othc. payments _ . 5 776,449‘74 $6,882,953.88 LT€PGER ASSETS. so cm 004 O7 Debentures and Bonds, Account aluo . . _.‘)-.' . ,IJ-J . ‘ ll‘lortgagcs .............................. 3,331,0191 .1 Loans on. Policies ........................ (01,833.03 Loans on Loan Company stocks 10,000.09 Liens on Policies ......... 31388.0“ Real Estate ..... . ................ :lb,op~l.85 " “ Company's Iliad Ofilce 1 All other items, including Lash 1n Barns &, at . . ,..l .4. 56.982.953.83 Additional Assets .................................. . ......... . ................. _ .......... 409,903.83 TOTAL ASSETS ............... . ................................ . .......... $7,292,857.le LIABILITIES. Reserve on Policies in force 4pc, 3gp c. 6.: 3pc. ‘ . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u . . . 0L ,0 n .L' All other Liabilities $6,676.22L19 Surplus company's Standard 4%, 333% and 3% - $818,633.46 Surplus Government Standard 454 and 3.13% - $878,485.67 Audited and found correct. QT. M. SCULLY, F.C.A. }Auditora. GlCO. WEGENAS l‘. A J. SCULLY, , ' filaJager. The growth of the Company during the past year may be seen m the 101- lowmg table: 1902 1903 lncr-3-i..-.o. New Assurance ......... 5 41,627,. 78 5 5,911,890 5 483.5112 Assurance in force 34,468,920 37.287351 3,118.6.” Income ......................... .. 1,391,098 1,061,070 169,971 A‘ssets .......................................... . 6,459,780 7,298.55? 838.77.! Surplus (Company's Standard) 499,150 610.61% 117,483 The record of progress during the .past 30 years is shown in the following figures for each 5 year period: Year Income. E,‘:)51’i‘z:‘3‘y3fi,tj,rtso Assets Surplus Assurance 1873 16,435 5 g 687 5 28,144 $ 5,624. 3 703.900 18718 59.277 12‘437 142,619 ‘ 29,149 1,8§o,oll_ 1883 1 99.182 58'833 533.705 13.761 6,5: 2,719 1888 :3 3,075 121'507 1,318,853 99,337 12,941,914. 1303 626,208 2152572 2,593,421 226,120 171151.107 1398 923.941 359'975 4.136.129 271,195 23,703.97 1903 1,561,070 493:721 7,298,552 616,63‘ . 37,587,551 The various reports having been adopted, the retiring directors were unani- mously reelected. After a number of able and thoughtful addresses had been made by‘mcmbers of the Board, prominent Policyholdcrs, the others, the meeting adjourned. The Directors met subsequenth and re-elccted Mr. Robert Melvin, President; Mr. Alfred Hoskin, K.C., First Vice-President: and the Hon. Mr. Justice Brit- ton, Second Viceâ€"President of the Company for the ensuing year. (Booklets containing full report, comprising lists of death and endowment claims paid, of Securities held, and other interesting and instructive particular! are being issued and will in due course be distributed among policyholders :and intending insuraan W. 1-1. RIDDELL, Secretary. agents and Wm ever trivial, therefor, they say, “Hog run for him life; dog run for “When Toto want to go to Rio lllanâ€" him character.” us, little wind come blow hnn “Ebery victnal for eat, but ebery there." “Every John Crow tink vstory no for talk.” (think) him picknnniny white” needs “If snake bite you, you see lizard, no explanation. “To-day for you, to- :you run.” ' morrow for me” takes the place of; “Follow our “livery dog has his day.” Howlncck.” trite is the saying, “Ceitful (deceitâ€"l “Good friends ful') like the star apple leaf,” theiwide pocket.” said leaf being doubleâ€"faced, silver on: “Nanny goat neber scratch him one side, a dull green on the other. lback till him see wall." “No call alligator long mout (mouth) 1 “One tic-f no like sce noder lief till you pass him by" would teach carry long bag.” us to beWare of calling others harsh “Cusscuss (curses) neber break hole names until out of their power. in your head.” Other proverbs that need no expla- “Gl‘cedy» greedy ChOkO PUPPY", a v fashion break monkey better dan money nation are as f0110“~s: “Buekra (white man) work neber I “When cockroach give dance him LITE-mu, _ I h 1 , _ no invite fowl." Naturally, for ,1 f In L on“ 0 0 Spell mg “we fowl would eat him. IOISO' ‘ “Maugre (poor) plantain better I ‘ H , none at nun is very like em. “half a .I‘oo mum of the mm: of human loaf is better than none." kindness Savors of the pump. I “Quattie (3 cents) buy trouble hun- '"12vmwww " ~ --â€"â€"-â€"~ “’3 dred pounds can’t pay for." a To prove to you that 9n “Shoes alone know if stockings got E aim: ihole.” ' and every form of itch.an bleedingand protruding piles Ihe manufacturers have mini-entozd 1t. boog'e; lmonials in the daily press and ask your neum IOI‘B what they think ofit. You can use it uni ; “Before dog go widout him supper =hirn cat cockroach." . - - . . l “Parson christrn him own pickinny , ‘first " get your monev back if not cured. 60c a‘box, n i :n-l ‘ - -- ill dealers or EDMANSON.BATES 8:. Co., '1 oronu . Lubry Gay is fishing day, but cbry inlay no for catch fish." 3"; 35333395