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have much to do ly furnished me home I grow Bounty .ure Lry surroundings in i" Ruskin and other progress has been a visit to the mag. ihouse of Messrs. tead for $2, 01- a . Hall Furniture, Mattrasses. ish his house from his junior clerk can 5 at prices to suit Easy and Reclining ed bent wood farm the Messrs. McGar sition on this floor. fire to be found frcll fined at fifteen hi1}! ey have just receN land. is an espeClal ads and pretty Cot I the new est designs th higher figurcsfifu :sc is that the pfld Ell-known house is last thing aimed? > be found in the 0 mld have 13‘ Ire was never at least. in plain figures, ”‘1‘ which will necess“ ’ing special induce‘ ices. The entirees‘ availing everywhere; the enormous stOd‘ elcct at their lim‘ Ky 21 great covenieflfie! 's to any of their HEAPLV for $30 $11, Lrevclation; in fact : ustrial exhibition in ms of anyone who irerooms on Notre isplay of suites. Odd piece :te-a-tetes, piano and ‘ of all the newat 1rd and work-tables and easels. ,bination Chairs of the Market. :Gill street EMENTge ere, from a twenty- :et, and prices to TUBE ,ent of es, Wardrobes, rakes a tour of i JOS. COOPER, rades Will arriye for us this week, and will be sold at the lowest Our customers 1nvari_a.b1y get a._ share of the discounts given owing to Two Car-loads of Sugar-5' Were placed in stock early this week. A lar; made up of our now famous line of 250 Tee - - - for the money. We offer Salt White Fish, S Herrings, Fresh Haddock, Fresh Salmon Trout, almon, Trout, Labrador Herrings Fresh Water etc., etc. We have pow in our warehouse a Land Plaster 111 barrels and bags, an load and pmces reasonable. - - CIRCULARS, POSTERS, The WATCHMAN Office will be found cheaper than city offices, and away below any office in the district. Call and see our price list. All work guaranteed, and Letter Heads, Bill Heads, c., neatly Padded, Without charge. 100 HALF-CHESTS OI‘ TEA. ANOTHER DROP INSUGAR§1 to the collapse of the Wholesale Grocers’ Guild the other, day, more than probable that the result Will be an appreciable drop ,5 to the consumer 1n the price of Granulated Sugars. " ’ FOR THE LENTEN SEASON FOR ALL KINDS OF SUCH AS BELL HEADS, us on large 'purchases. . CAMPBELL. se a carioad of Beamish’s Celebrated Grey , and Land Salt in Sacks. Convenient to THE WATCHMAN LINDSAY, THURSDAY APRIL 21, 1892. FAMILY Gâ€"BOC I REAL ESTATE INSURANCE. FINANCIAL AGENTS. FIRE INSURANCE- The Aetna Fire Insurance Co , of Hart- ford, Conn., incorporated 1519, losses paid in 71 years about $65,000,000, assets over $10,000,000, absolutely the strongest Ameri can Co. in existence. The North British and Mercantile incor- porated 1809, paid up capital ubt. $3,500,000 total assets $50,376,064. The N B M is the largest and strongest Co, in existence. we also represent other Fire Companies of high standing, and can gwe safest se- curity for the .owcsc rates. LIFE INSURANCE- The Confederation Life Association, of Toronto, issues Policies Incontestabicaft‘cr three years. FREE from ALL RES'I‘RIC'I‘IOXS as to RESIDE.'CE.' TRAVEL or OCCUPATION. The New Annuity Endownmcnt Policy affords absolute protection against contain- gency of early death. provides an IXCOME n old age, and is agood inve<tmcnt. Rate 15 to 20 per cent lower than ordin- ary rates. REAL ESTATI:_ We have a large list of Valuable Build ing Lots, Brick and Frame dwelling,r houses, Farm properties, and choice lots on Stur- geon Lake, which can be had Cheap for cash, or mortgage at a low rate of interest. MONEY TO LOAN at a low rate of interest. Persons desiring to place their property in the market can have it advertised free of charge and will he sold or exchanged by us at a small commission. Represent, the Beaver Line of Steamships {glying between Montreal and Liverpool, oat< large and well equipped and cheap rates of passage. Represent the. Norwich London Acci- dent; Insurance ()0. Capital $1,000,000. Rates extraordinarily low and security un- urpassed. OFFICE WILLIAM-ST. NORTH OF KENT STREET. Lindsay, Nov. 19th, 1890.-â€"A~15-1y. %E ’A EifMWfi '63 KNOWLSON BROS. VIGOR and STRENGTH! For LGST or FAILING MANHOOD, General and NERVOUS DEBILITY, Weakness of BODY AND MIND, Effects of Errors or Excesses in 01d or Young Robust, Noble MAN- ]!001) fully Restored. How to en- large and strengthen WEAK UN- DEVELoPED ORGANS and PARTS 0F BODY. Absolutely unfailing HOME TREATMENTâ€"Benefits in a day. lien testify from fifty States and Foreign Countries. Write them. lBook, explanation and proofs mailed (sealed) FREE. Address ERLE MEDICAL 00., , BU FFALO, N.Y‘.. KNOWLSON BROS. KNOWLSON BROS. KNOWLSON BROS. it is LON DON’S NEWCOU'NGIL; A REMARKABLE EXPERIMENT IN MUNI- CIPAL ADMINISTRATION. The Scope, Powers and Organization of London’s New County Council Clearly and Succiently statedâ€"The Population Affectedâ€"An Incorruptible Body of Men. The most remarkable experiment -ever made in the way of municipal administra- tion is now going on among that vaet con- glomeration of human beings which be Quincey called the “nation” of London. The scope, powers, and organization of the new London County Council and the pro- grammes of its leaders are discussed. at length in the April number of the Rev1ew of Reviews. We are indebted to the Ameri- can editor of that periodical, Dr. Albert Shaw, for more light upon this interesting subject than has hitherto been attainable on this side of the Atlantic. What is known as the Metropolitan Po- lice District covers an area defined by a ra- dius of fifteen miles from Charing Cross, and I comprises several hundred square miles. It comprehends a population of nearly 6,000,- 000. Outside of the small inner nucleus bear- ing the historical title of the City ot London, 1 which at present has only about 30,000 resi- dents, the huge British metropolis was up to 1889 split into a number of irregular: small divisions and governed by parish vestries and district boards. There was no unified municipal spirit, and there was universal apathy and ignorance with regard to the methods and doings of the parish ‘vestries. Four years ago a man might lhave walked the streets of London ten hours a. day for a. month, buttonholing every intelligent citizen he amet, and the chances were that he would not in that time ‘have found a solitary person who could lhave explained to him how London was lgoverned. It is true that for the main l drainage system and some of the more im- | portant street improvements, together with Safew other purposes of general concern, athere was established some twenty years ago a so-called “Metropolitan Board of W'orks,” made up of delegates from the local district boards :and parish ‘ vestries. This body, having no direct ac- countability to anybody, was neither efii- eient nor well constituted. The great change which has taken place ‘ is not the outcome of any vehement agita- tion in London itself, but an incidental re- sult of the County Council Act applied to the whole of England in 1889. By that measure the larger part of the parishes which had come to be known as the metro- polis, were erected into a separate county, and provision was made for a County Council, which was, in fact, to be a‘great l Municipal Parliament, elected by the peo- ‘ ple of London. The districts of the metro- ‘ polis, from each of which two councillors are chosen, are for the present identical 1‘ with the fifty-nine electoral divisions from which members are sent to Parliament. The old City of London is thus far permitted to retain its separate govern- ment, and it is allowed representation in the County Council as one of the districts ‘ constituting the larger municipality. We should add that the 118 Councilmen elected ‘_ add to their number by choosing nineteen citizens to sit and act with them under the title of Aldermen. They are presided over ? by one of their members, who is chosen ‘Chairman, and who exercises some of the functions which in other cities pertain to the oflice of Mayor. It should be mention- ed that the County of London, imposing as it is, is not so large as it soon will be. It is v by no means conterminous with the Metropolitian Police District. It has an area. of only about 120 square miles, and the population under the jurisdiction ;of its Council scarcely exceedes four “ millions and a half. One of the extensions Eof power which will probably be demand- ? ed by the Progressives, who control ‘ the Council recently elected by a. majority ‘ of some 3 to 1, is the concession of control i over the Metropolitan Police. When that ‘demand is granted, the area. governed by l the Council will coincide with that of the Metropolitan Police District, and will em- , brace a. population of about 6,000,000. As yet, however, the London County Council is only a framework of a great municipal government which future acts of Parliament are expected to fill in and com- plete. For the moment its authority is comparatively limit-ed. It took~ over all the powers that had been vested in the old Metropolitan Board of \Vorks, and various other powers were conferred by the statute creating it. But many matters of munici- pal concern were left under the manage- ment of local districtsand parishes; and its water supply, its markets, its gas works, its tramways, and its docks remain in the hands of private owners. The programme of the Progressives, who are now the un- challenged masters of the London County Council, contemplates a vast expansion of its powers, and there is no doubt that their wishes will he heeded if the Gladstonians are dominant in the next House of Com- mons. Among the demands in which all the Progressives are agreed are the follow- ing : First, that taxation reform shall make the great landlords and holders of ground rents pay their share of municipal revenue; secondly, that the rights of the eight pri- vzite water companies shall be transferred to the municipality; and thirdly, that trenehsmt measures shall be taken for an amelioration of the housing conditions of the poor. Not included in the official programme, but urgently pressed by the representatives oi workingmen to Whom the recent Victory of the Progressives is mainly due, are demands for an equalization of taxes throughout. the metropolis, for trade union wages and an eight-hour day in the case of all persons employed by the Council, and for the substitution of public for private ownership. and management, not ‘only as regards the water supply, but as regards the gas works, tramways, markets, and docks. The workingmen insist, moieâ€" over. that the people of London ought. ‘th’rOugn'm’eIr' County Uouncil, to manage 1 their police and all their parks and open spaces, and it is probable that this demand will be backed by a large majority of the newly elected Councilmen. The London Councillors serve without any compensation. As to the fidelity with Which they apply themselves to their duties we have the teatimony of Mr. W. T. Stead. He tell us that besides mtozen men who may be said to live in committee rooms and in the supervision of the municipal service, there are at least fifty men‘wh‘o give half their time to the government of London. The remaining sixty probably do not give more than one day in the week. On an average, it appears that each Councillor de- votes two days a. week to the service of the town. A more incorruptible body of men never assembled for the government of a i great city. From Lord Rosebery, Lord 1 Compton, Lord Lingen, Lord Hobhouse, and Sir John Lubbock at the top, to Mr. John Burns, the Socialist, at the bottom, 1 there is not one of the 137 members who 1 has even been suspected of corruption or of abusing a. trust. A new broom sweeps clean, and how long this exemplary state of things will continue to exist is of course open to question ; but that it is the present outcome of the London municipal experiment is ac- knowledged on all hands. Some Bright and Breezy Paragraphs of Curious Information. Should a. man in China. be unfortunate enough to save the life of another from drowning he is saddled with the expense of supporting the saved one for the re- mainder of that person‘s life. A superb new bridge has been construct- ed in Rome over the picturesque Tiber, and it is considered one of the finest modern works in the city. It has been christened Ponte Margherita by their majesties of Italy. ________â€"â€"-â€"â€"â€"â€" MISSING LINKS. In Norway, “every city, every village containing at least twenty families, and every parish, constitutes a separate ‘dis- trict of conciliation.’ ' The districts at. small, in order to make it as easy as pos- sible for the parths toattend courts, as per- sonal attendance is the main feature of the proceedings. The court, or commission, _II the statute styles it, is made up of two members, one of whom acts as chairman g and clerk. These oflicials are chosen for a 1 term of three years at a. special election, . . . . b the voters of the district from among works th . h d y . ’ . m e Clty It has been c ristene three men nominated by the city or the P . . . . onte Margherlta by the“ majesties Of uparish council. Only men above twenty- Italy- i five years of age are eligible, and the law ex- Paper quilts are said to be coming into i pressly provides that onlv “good” men may extenswe use abroad for the poorer classes. ‘1 be placed in nomination. The court meet They are composed of sheets of White paper 1 at a. certain place, day and hour, every sewed together and perforated all over at a 3 week in the cities, and every month in m distance Of an “1011 or two apart.| l country districts. It is not public. The Dr. Herzog recently discovered in 9' proceedings are carried on with closeddoors, libra-I‘V at Aarau. Switzerland, a COPY Di and the commissioners are bound to secre- iome Bright and Breezy Paragraphs of I Curious Information. Should a man in China be unfortunate anough to save the life of another from lrowning he is saddled with the expense 3f supporting the saved one for the re- mainder of that person’s life. A superb new bridge has been construct- ed in Rome over the picturesque Tiber, and it is considered one of the finest modern Dr. Herzog rectntly discovered in a. library at Aarau, Switzerland, a. copy of the first edition of Holbein’s “Dance of Death.” The same volume includes forty- six wood cuts of the same artist, illustrat- ing scenes from the Bible. Mrs. Newberry, a very wealthy woman who resides in Detroit, is having the Her- reshofi‘s build for her a large steam yacht in which she can cruise on the lakes. Among other luxuries it is to have a. ma.- hogany dining room on deck. The man who lifted himself over a. fence by his boot straps was rivaled by an old German bachelor in Iowa, who put- a. loop around his neck, threw the rope over a. knob, put his foot in the loop in the other end, hoisted himself up and hanged himself. The minimum age of employment on the continent. is generally 12 or from 12 to 14. But then English children only work twenty-eight hours per week, while in France and Germany the hours are thirty- six, in Italy and Hungary forty-eight, in 7" 911'me sixty-six, and in Belgium seventy- tWO. mere are said to be 200 women in New Yrrk who go to Europe twice a. year to buy their dresses. The number of men who cross the water for their new wardrobe is much greater,” many men take the op- portunity to run over to the other side for rest, recreation and business all com- for re: bined. A notable decrease in the number of deaths from hydrophobia is observed by the registrar general of London. The deaths from this disease had been thirty in 1869 and had averaged twenty-four annually in three years, 1887, 1888, 1889: but there were only eight in 1890 and fewer than in any year since 1868. $1! Instinct teaches the hen that it would be no good to warm only one side of her eggs, and so when she feels that they are "done" on one side she turns them gently round. Anyone who has watched setting hens has seen them rise every now and then and shuffle about for a. few moments on the nest. That is when they turn the eggs over. The Influenza Bacillus. Drs. Pfeifi'er and Canon, to Whom belongs the honor of the discovery of the influenza bacillus, have been lecturing upon that. pes- tiferous atom before the Surgeons of the Charite Hospital at Berlin. There is noth- ing particularly cheerful to the victims in what they had to say, for they evidently have no idea. of What to do with the mi- crobe now that they have got him. One of his peculiarities is said to be his immobility, a most discouraging attribute so far as man- kind is concerned. He is found, it appears, in various positions, singly, in chains, and in strings. His chief characteristic, how- ever, is his size, or rather his lack of it. He is the smallest microbe yet known to science, not half so big as his congoner, the bacillus of blood-poisoning, hitherto con- sidered the least of the tribe. The new microbe, moreover, possesses the further distinction of being oval, not round, though a. creature so minute has very little cause for priding himself on his shape. Of his activity, malevolence, and potency there is no doubt, as the unlucky rats, guinea-pigs, mice, pigeons, rabbits, and monkeys into whose veins he has been injected know only too well. He has been propagated already to the fifth generation, and thus will soon be able to boast of a. pedigree. Cholera. and Coffee. It seems like taking a. wild premature leap to talk of cholera, but it's a. well thing to know that every home in the land has in it the necessary ammunition to slay the cholera. bacilla. It is some time since a Dutch physiologist announced it as his dis- covery that coffee is a germicideâ€"aa sure killer of the cholera bacillus in a. few hours. It is now reported from North Bhangulpur, in Besgal, that the coffee remedy for cholera is being put into practice there with aston- ishing success. THE CONDITION OF AFFAERS 1N NOR- WAY AND SWITZERLAND. The.“Court of Conciliation" and How it Works in These Countriesâ€"The Com~ position of the Court and Its Method of Settling Disputes. Who has not often thought, unless, per- haps, he be of the legal proiession, ii them Were not some way to avoid the exasperat» ing delays of justice from legal technicali- ties and quibbles, the sacrifice of fortune and happiness to the pride of “fighting out” trivial litigations, and the endless misery of. i “going to law,” which are indeed an ill wind * to every one except the lawyers; and the legal element benefited is not often that which we should wish to encourage. I “J arndyce vs. Jarndyce” is perhaps ‘ no longer possible, but there is : abundant room still for the delight- ‘ ful method of settling civil cases at i law which Nicolay Grevstad describa i under the title “Courts of Conciliation” in 1 the Atlantic. One only feels that the sys- tem is entirely too easy and simple and good to be true. cy. Nothing of what transpires is permit- ted to reach the outside world. Admission. or concessions made by one party cannot be used against him by his adversary if the case should come up for trial in ths regular courts. But a party willing to set- tle before the commissioners is entitled to O certificate to that effect.” Before this informal tribunal all parties to civil or private cases must appear. Fail- ure to answer in personâ€"except in specially prescribed cases, when a. representative, other than a lawyer, is allowedâ€"is punish- ed by the obligation to pay all costs of the formal trial subsequent, whatever be its decision. This has proved entirely adequate to insure attendance. A fee of twenty-five cents charged the piantifi’ for issuing the summons, and a. second of fifty cents in case of a conciliation, are all the costs pos- sible. The office of commissioner has cometo be one of great honor, and the best; men in the country are selected, nor have the “courts” been allowed to come into “politics.” Truly, it must be an instructive and a. noble sight to see this little tribunalâ€"the two “good” men of the districtâ€"take into hand with ready tact and impartial wisdom and human sympathy the hot and vengeful contestants at feud and quietly taik them out of their “caps and hells” of angry pride. The influence of the court of concilia. tion is brought to bear upon a legal controversy while it is yet possible to bridge the chasm by peaceable means. The injured party has made up his mind to seek redress, but before he can rush into court he must pass through the gates of peace. Here the contestants meet without lawyer: to spur them on and obscure the issue by legal verbiage. Each tells his own story in his own language, and in a plain, com- mon-sense way. \Vith the statements of both parties before them, the judges reduce the differences to their true proportions, em- phasize the uncertainty and expensivenessof litigation, and endeavor to make it plain to the contestants that each, by a. comparative- ly insignificant concession, can hue the matter adjusted at once, save a, large amount in courts” and lawyers’ fees, and, in fact, gain more than he would obtain even in court." The writer makes the re- markable statement that seventy-five out of every hundred cases are peaceably adjusted in the courts of conciliation. LEGAL MILLEN 11) M; Curiously, this ideal method of handling than most difficult of subjectsâ€"human natureâ€"is part of the machinery of paternal government, and was founded by a. my: edict in 1795 and 1797. In Norway it; is regarded as one of the corner-stones of the national system of justicc,aud it is not an exaggeration Lo say that; any attempt to abolish it; would provoke a revolution. - -. u . q.“- L The same method of settling their differ- ences is also in force in Switzerland. Before any action can be brought in the courts of law there, it is necessary for both litigants to appear before a functionary knOnn as the “Juge de Paix," who is elected and is al- ways one of the worthiest citizens of the community. Each there states his side of the case, and the duty of the “J uge” is to endeavor to reconcile the differences. As the only persons permitted to be present are the J uge and the litigants, in nearly every case this effort is successful. w- 1 uâ€"nmevo Ytilpitation. f the heart is much benefited on of cold over the heartâ€"â€" he trouble is of nervous ori- gm. A wet sponge laid over the heart is. easmit mode of applying cold; it the d, a cloth may be wrung out of cold water, and folded to form a con- press and laid en the heart; this coni- press should be well covered with dry cloth: to prevent wetting of the .clpthin‘g and also for the purpose of retaining Palpitation o by the applicati particularly if t a p1 patient, is in be mouture. 1e Lrt is 1m ch benefited cold met the heartâ€"â€" mble is of nervous oric aid over the hearth ‘ifl