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t$St Co.! ut any ssit I . won'n more : hete. . ,y way. ny at my (bat ciothe le, must do .Ow 51138 fir. g “911.111.! IOQOG. Ln BY RIDERS I ,' All nd 0 “fluid-HM No; V“ P. t0 Dev: Bchv oner A W. Campbell a Representative at Oakwood [BREEVE IN THE CHAIRâ€"TWO SYS- OF KEEPING ROADS UPâ€" TE MAKING MACHINERY IS D-APPOINT ONE OVERSBBR E OF DRAININGâ€"MA. identS of the township of Mariposa ‘ attentively while Road Com- 'thBYS andlaid down the wavs better ht. Fmeans whereby they may be secured. Mann to Mr. Geo. Graham the reeve ”eve Stacey ihe town b311, 003 of 1853 about half a idents Of thi ON'GOOD'ROADS GTURE lines so that. they could go to and fro. r years when money was still scarce e umted effort kept these roads in 'on so that they answered the pur- iu-avel. In these days the spirit of atntelabor system was lived up to. le saw the advantage of making mdhaving leader. and they worked ‘on the roads as on their own They did marvelous work 111 these times. But as the settlements in- ’ more roads were needed ,,the get smaller and there were more until i: has got that almost every thinks the work ought to be done his gaze . The result is that large :of money are spent in patching Mime year with very little perma- mes DI I-‘FER a through about 750 municipalities nd almost as many difi'erent ways kink roads and spending money. In you have 92 beats and the same of pathmasters. Likely you have that many kinds of road-banding. is is not due to ignorance on the these men. There are plenty of who know as much about building as I do. It. does not. require any mount of engineering skill either,; 011 cannot carry on any under- uniess you have a definite plan in: to which the work must be d the money expended. I find that you do about, 4,103 days ute labor every year. In the past. 3 You have done some 39,000 days- this the council makesa yearly Isee that in 1897 its grant was it was less last year I believe mug together your labor and the ,expended you could, if you adopted Instruction. efinite system, macadamize every leading roads in your township. In t ten years nearly 10 million days of mi over 35 million dollars of money een expended on the roads and yet We improved very little. After over the ground and seeing the at hand I have said that, if 1 were e labor and money of that 10 years d macadamize and gravel every at economic question affecting the .of "91”)" ratepayer and yet there is road in this province. It takes EHm cent of our tax bill to keep up (is besides the labor. I tell you this ”"11 system for the expenditure of embut it is handled in the most , Extravagant and incompetent exceileuce of your term. In the flea“ you have spent $56000 on [8' At $300 per mile that would ‘nt 3'0“ about 100 miles of first-class :beue“? you have only about 225 her, With the expenditure of the M8 and of a. like sum in the next, s“Wild have every rod of your “ amized. You have not done I: c(Minot unless you adopt some WhiCh 70“ Will get the full benefit nditure. THE BANNER TOWNSHIP. ”Mme here to this richest town- Canada with its magnificent farms mdid buildings, I would think that “I1 study ways and means of mak- rr°8d system keep pace with the TWO sysums. methods are being adopted to carry Number SYSâ€" on the .work of making good roads. One is to recognize the statute labour and put it on a better footing. In the other the statute labor is commuted at some fixed sum and the money spent under a com- petent man. The sum at which the work is commuted varies. It may be 50 cents. 75 cents or $1.00 per day. The difl‘erence‘ between the two plans is that in the first‘ the work is done as before and in the second a money tax is substituted. After selecting either plan it is necessary to proceed according to a uniform system. In the first place the beats should each contain five miles, not in a. straight line, but including the side roads with say two miles of the main road. Make a plan of the roads, classify them into leading roads, side lines and those used by only a few people. Have a plan for each. Let the first be marked on the plan at 24 feet wide, the second at 20 and the third at 18 from ditch to ditch. If you think other widths better choose them, only agree on some widths. Mark how high the grading is to be. We find that a 12 inch crown in a 24 foot road is about right. Mark these and all other particulars in your plans. Let each pathmaster have one. Select a man of Igood judgment for pathmaster and have him appointed year after years just as your clerk or treasurer so that he will have a chance to carry out his plans. Conn. Geo. Grahamâ€"“What; would you do if the people would not have him re- appointed. Mr. Campbellâ€"If they reject a good man there is not much hOpe for the roads in that section. You must have a thorough-going young man who will see to it that every ratepayer does a Rood davs work. You know there are men who will shirk all they can and you don't wanta pathmaster who will return their work as done when he knows it has not bien. These same men often wait around the last meetinars of council like vultures to get grants to repair the roads near their places that, but for their indolent dis- honesty, would be in good condition. (applause). This sort of thing is an in- justice to the honest ratepayers and the competent pathmasters must see that it does not exist. The same thing applies to township jobs. There are too many who want the money instead of the improvement. A request comes to council for a ditch. The representative from that part recommends it. He likely vets the contract. The ditch is to be two feet deep, three feet wide and the earth is to be nicely smooth~ ed along the edges. He leaves it till fall: aftera while he comes in and wants his cheque. You say the work has not been inspected. He contends it is well done and gets his pay. You go to see it and it is full (I water, so you cant tell whether it ‘ is two or ten feet deep. He has deposited each scraper of earth by itself and left it ithere to show that he has been at work and that is what you have for your 81 a \ foot for 100 feet on each side of the road or ' Conn. Geo. Grahamâ€"We have no such jobs IS that in Mariposa. - A voiceâ€"Yes we have; we have had as bad jobs here as anywhere else. M}. Campbellâ€"I noticed some of these gentlemen laughing suspiciously at any rate. DRAINING. Coming back to the subject of a system Irepeat have a zood man for pathmaster and keep him year after year. The council should explain their duties to these men and assist them in every way they car). When they go to work they must start‘ right. The wet places must be drained The drains will be of three sorts. (l) Gutters for surface water, (2) common farm tile below the first belt, and (3) special drains on sprinzy sections. There is no use dumping material in unless you have your foundation well drained. I have taken up roads where two and three feet of good material had 1 been all churned up with the soil. Gravel is not to carry the load. The soil must do that; the gravel is merely to provide a smooth surface and one foot on a good foundation will last longer than two or three on undrained soil. GRADING. Tograde properly, modern implements are as necessary as self-binders are on the farm. A grading machine is a profitable investment. You should have a capable man to operate your grader. Some one who likes machinery and who is handy‘ with it, for if it is not properly handled: you may spoil your roads. Wherever the1 grader goes let that man go with it. Do not pass it around into new bands. Have two good teams of horses that are accus- tomed to the work, and let them go with the grader too. Green teams do less, and are a nuisance to the Operator. Four horses that are used to it will do more than six green ones. Now many of your gravel roads are fairly solid, but have sunk until there is very little crown. The way to handle them is to put on the grader and cut away the soil at the sides. It the ditches are not wide enough to hold it, throw it beyond them, but whatever you do don't put it on the road. By cutting away the sides in that way you often do all that is necessary with a good gravel road. Mr. Cameronâ€"“Would a traction engine Mr. Cameronâ€"“Would a traction engine not be better than teams for drawing the grader ? ” Mr. Campbellâ€"They are used very suc- cessfully where they can be easily obtained. THE COST . The teams and man will cost you $6 a day. that is $36 a week, and in six weeks that is $216. That is not a large sum, but it would mean a great deal for your roads. THAT DITCH “llwwmfl‘mm - wv , Your driver goes over the rows w the season and gets an idea of what. LU“; ul'lvvn away v - vâ€" the season and gets an idea of what ought to be done. Then between the last of April and first of June, for five or six weeks, he is busv. The ground is soft, and he can in that time grade ‘one heat aftel another until he has done say 30 miles. LA As this point. a. question arose which is the best grader, but Mr. bell declined to express an opinion t subject. MATERIAL Continuing Mr. Campbell said: There is a difference of opinion about mate A good deal of vergr expensive gravel is used. Clerks have showed me records of money spent year after year for gravel taken from upland pits where boulders, sand, loam and gravel were all mixed together, and some townships have spent enough to cover their roads from ditch to ditch with the verv best asphalt! The historic roads of France and England are less expensive in the long run than are ours in Ontario. We are busy repairing roads that have never been made. Gravel mixed with loam and sand is ruinous. If you can get clean gravel it will make a good road, but it is expensive. It youi have stone in your locality get a. crusher. I believe your county has bought one to} be leased to the townships, you will get it; for a small rental. 1 The chairmanâ€"Fifty cents a day. 1 Mr. Campbellâ€"You can crush from 12 to, 15 cords a day ; that is from 60 to '75 loads. Buy the stone in winter and have them delivered on the roadside in piles. People ‘ may do their statute labor that wayu Make your road and then put on the four 1 sizes of stone. Borrow a roller if you can, ‘ and you can roll a foot of material down‘ to ten inches of almost solid stone. That road will carry any load you can put on it. Make a piece every year, and in ten years the leading roads will be good. This will ‘ not cost you any more than hauling gravel long distanCes. Your overseer will re- quire every man to draw the proper number of loads of a proper sizeâ€"a yard and a half, not a wheel barrow and a half as now sometimesâ€"so that more is done and it is fair to all. Men can‘t come out then with no end boards on their '1 u so '1‘ the side. (laughter) Mr. Campbellâ€"Ob, not that bad I guess. Mr. A. Voiceâ€"Yes they do. We seen them. CULVERTS I will say a few words about culverts. 0n natural water-courses they must be permanent, and if not substantially made willbe a constant expense. When good cedar was plentiful it was not a serious matter to replace a wooden culvert, but now it is scarce and a more lasting material must be used, or else culverts will be a permanent tax against your farms. Stone and cement will last for centuries. Put down cement tile and it will be permanent. These can be made in your own gravel pit. Get *he spring steel moulds that are made in Toronto. and with asupply of gravel and cement 3ou can make as many as you like very cheap- ly. The proportions of gravel and cement are one to four. In a couple of hours it wivllwset, and in two weeks it. will be ready to use. Mr. W’. Parkinsonâ€"What will that. sort of tile cost? "Mr. Campbellâ€"A 15-inch tile costs about 50 cents per foot. er. W: Channon -Will they stand the frost? Mr. Campbellâ€"They seem to where they are in use. Mt. Washingtonâ€"There is one a the road near my place that was f solid when full of water last Winter. can see the result. NARRO \V TIRES. We could save from two to three million dollars a year in Canada. by the use of wide tires. in England and other European countries they are from 4 to 10 inches wide by statute. Such tires keep the roads roll- ed and the heavier the loads the better the rolling. MERV. Channonâ€"Do you know of any townships where a. commissioner has charge of all the roads? Mr: Campbellâ€"There are numbers; at present I think of Monaghan, North and South, ‘WaESingham, Bertie and Winches' ter. The Chairmanâ€"How many in each ‘9 Mr. Campbellâ€"There is a pabnmaster over every five miles and a commissioner over the whole township. He gets $100. Mr. Tinneyâ€"Is there any place where wide tires are required by law? ”Mr. Campbellâ€"Not; as yet. although several recommendations and petitions have been received by the government. Whether you choose to retain the statute labor or to commute it to a money tax makes little difference for the work is done by the people in the both cases. They will get a. check for their work if the tax system is adopted and that cheque will pay the tax, so it amounts to the same thingin the end. The main point is to have a. uniform system to get good work and good roads. Mr. A. Voiceâ€"And only two -Mr. Wm. Reynolds of Anson town- ship had two lambs carried away on Friday of last week by wolves. â€"â€"The Victoria. Telephone Co. are prepar- ing to erect the poles to connect Canning ton with Sutton. Other parts of the route will be pushed along rapidly. _Last week a Mr. Geo. Kerr of Manvers was arrested on (a. warrant 'for forg- ing several notes amounting in all to near- ly $700. The case was remanded from time to time until Monday last when it was set- tled satisfactorily and the prisoner dis- charged. ' LINDSAY, THURSDAY, MAY 18th 1â€"There is one across place that was frozen the roads early in as to Camp- on the --The Saintfl (orreepondent of theUx- bridge Times says that Mr. Louis O'Learv of that place has 1 pet ewe. She had twins. She took one and turned the other over to Louis. He being a very kind hearted man determined to do all he could £01 the poor little orphan; so he'b ‘ught a load of straw. fed the lamb and left. One of the neighbors heard of the case, and knowing no more about lambs than Louis did, he told him he ought to feed it on beef; this Louis did but the lamb would have noth- ing to do with it. Louis became alarmed, tried pork but it was all of no use. He was then advised to txy mill: which he did and was astounded at the result. For as he says, how could that lamb tell the difference between straw and milk. It is a. very intelligent lamb and calls Louis, ‘ ' me." already. â€"â€"v<oung Elliott, the 14 year old youth who is charged with the murder of old man Murray at Beaverton a year ago, will stand his trial at Whitby on May 22. He will be defended by Barrister Gods-on of Beaverton. It is claimed that evidence will be produced tracing him to the old man‘s house on the day of the murder; and it will also be shown that he admitted possession of the victim’s key and pocket.- book, and that) he was seen coming from the houSe with blood on his hands. Elliott comzs ofabad family. Recently two of his brothers, both of whom are yet under twenty, were arrested for assaulting and almost killingpan old man named Sidney Brown. The elder of the two, John Elliott, was sentenced to six months in the Central prison, and was taken there 1a5t week. The younger, Chas. Elliottv was allowed to go on suspended sentence‘ â€"The affairs of the insolvent firm of J- C. J: G. D. Warrington, cheese importers of Montreal, were up before the English bankruptcy court last week. The judge before whom the case was heard stated} that the accounts were not in proper form. j and that he must insist up0u having a, statement in which the accounts of a‘l the diflerent houses were treated as one and not as distinct firms. The case was then adjourned until May 10th in order that this could be done. J. C. Warrinqton pre- sented a statement of the afl‘airs of the Montreal house, which showed unsecured liabilities of £12,644 63. 9d.; debts fully secured, £177,729 195. ; contingent or other liabilities not expected to rank, £26,295 '75- 4d.; a8sete, £26,172 18s 8d., showing an estimated surplus cf £13,528 11-. 11d. , sub ject to realization. A statement was also filed by G. D. Waxrington in connection with the London and Liverpool houses, which showed total liabilities of £38,007 183. 3d., of which £10,941 95 9d. were un- secured ; and assets estimated at £1,530 23 11d. From accounts received it ap- peared that certain creditors were schedul- ed at Montreal whose names did not. appear in the accounts filed in court. It would seem that a surplus of £13,250 was claimed, and that the unsecured liabilities were returned at £12,644 only, whereas according to the statement of the curator in Montreal, it would seem that roofs representing approximately about 65,000 hid been midefi. Distri ct Happenings quickly conquers your littlB nagging c_ough. ‘ .- AL_AA There is no doubt about the cure now. Doubt comes fro_m neglect._ ‘- 7 , A‘AA.__ A small commissxon will be pam’ sale within 60 days of such informatiou. Box 415, I A Dainty Wheel W g g ARCH. GRMPBELL 8*QWéWMWW Lindsay, Corner Sussex and Peel-sts., 3rd door north of W. M. Robson’s We have Grey Oswego Plaster in Sacks and Barrels, Land Salt in 200 pound Sacks. Easy to load at Red Bird is sold in everyCanadian city and town from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and can be seen at your nearest Red Bird Agency. If you are a prospective bicycle purchaser you might find it profitable to make a tour of inspection to-day. TWO Specials The Goold Bicycle Company, Limited. For Dainty Women...“ % â€"$ewing Machines and “4““ â€"-MeBurney-Beatie Bicycles will be paid to any person giving such informataoo as “ill lead to '. VVetherup, AGENTS, LlNDSAY, ONT. 0900”” . O. CULLEN, J. J. WETHERUP â€"Genuiue Bell Pianos and Organs. â€"Tho Dominion Piano: and Organs, -â€"Mason and Risch Pianos. â€"The Mendelsshon Pianos. â€"Or any other make desird. The daintiest bicycle creation of the year is our ladies’ Fitted with our new caged bearings it is delightfully easy run- ning. Beautifully finished, and with every detail of construction given the most careful atten- tion by thoroughly skilled mechanics, it is a wheel that is not only exceedingly handsome, but one that will give good service for years after the majority of wheels have been rele- gated to the scrap heap The peerless Brandord‘ â€"DEALER INâ€" Red Bird Special, Model 51. LAND SALT ! 75 Cents per annum Family Grocer PAGES 9 T0 12