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[tc IL: fa a ‘prepued to furnish the people of Lind- surrounding country with =5NUMENTS and HEADSTONES, both Marble and Granite. Mum-payghenondl mum mmmwmmmmm m némpuemmmeke wonâ€"lathe dmmm gMMp-ehn‘m; The Great English Remedy. Sold and recommended by all dmggists in Cum. On] reliv able medicine «23mm: 83:: - Icages guaran. to cure 5‘ ‘ xomso Se - . Weakness, all effects 01' 117;.» or excess, Mental Worry. Excessive use (3310 Sacco, Opium or Stimulants. Mailed on receipt otprlee. one km $1, six. :5. WWW aism'ucure. amphiets free toan address. The Wood Compuy, W (1303,689- w. F. MPBABTY. ROBERT CHAMBERS NEW FALL TWEEDS 'wm: fl- Wood’s Phosphodlna. .A MARBLE WORKS GHIMPION 8: CO SUITINGS Fit an Finish Guaranteed. Prices - - Right - - Scotch and English Tweed, Overcoatings, Trou- serings, Etc, aFor sale in Lindsay by E. GREGORY. CHAMPION CO.’S 127’ out our large stockyou am buy Fme Gboa’s from as at pnces that defy competition. Bring Your REPAIR- ...ING to... â€"JUST ARRIVED ATâ€" ROBT» CHAMBERS Watches, Clocks, Jewellery, Silverware, Spectacles, Novelties. Etc. â€"FULL LINES OFâ€" Smyth’s Block, Lindsay. LINDSAY â€"ANDâ€" '~ A:\l-‘a L - Grate, Egg, Stove, Nut, If, then, the mineral matter taken up by the plants and the nitrogen ere drum largely from the humus of the Soil. it will be seen how impel-tent ib is to mnintein well the supply of organic matter in the soil. nth» it may Town Ofljgg. Lumber, Rough and Dressed; All Kinds of Shingles of all Classes ; Latb, Lime, Tile and Cement. Beet Dry. Hard and Soft Wood. Select Steam Coal. Blacksmith: Coal a Specialty. Headquarters for Hardwood, Charcoal. We lead in low prices to cash cue and Blacksmith Coal Cordwood and Millwood. What becomes of this nitrogen when the humos ls destroyed by decay? It goes back into the atmosphere, or is washed into the rivers, and :0 carried out to the ocean. In these ways five pounds of nitrogen are lost for every ponnd need by the graying crops.. tomers. This important subject is treated of in Bulletin 320, North Dakota. station, which opens with the following state: ment : “The matter of humus in the soil is attracting the attention of all thought. in] farmers, and many are asking for information and how to prevent its loss. or how to increase soil humus. An attempt will here be made to explain what is meant by the term soil humus, and in what way its presence in the soil is beneficial. Our statements are based in part upon our own investigations and in part upon results drawn from data of other stato ions.” A few definitions and explanas tions may assist in better understanding what may follow. B. BRYANS 8! 00.. That portiOn of the earth that is cultivated for plant growth is the soil. It is made up of mineral and organic matter. The mineral consists of lime, potash, phosphates, iron, magnesia, aluminum and various other minerals of less importance. The organic matter includes every- thing that once existed as vegetable or animal matter. The opinion seems to be gaining ground that much of the available plant food is the portion in the humus, and as the humus increases in the soil the potassium, phosphoric acid and other mineral products existing in the soil in insoluble forms not suitable for plant food are taken up by the humus to form new compounds better suited to nourish the growing plants. In eight determinations of North Dakota soils, 41 per cent of the phos- phates was found fin the humus, and the proportions ranged from 10 per cent to 91. Of the nitrogen from 46 to 80 per cent. Volatile matter consists of the moisture, gases and organic matber, all of which can be driven off from a spadeful of soil by heating it or burn- ing it. Humus is that part of the organic matter in the soil which has partially decayed, such as leaf mould, rotten roots and blades of grass, clover or peas. Rotted manure is rich in humus. Un- robted manure or green crops plowed in soon make humus by rotting down in the soil. '1‘ elephcne 56 Call and examine and get prices on --..our stock of.... 'Wholesale and Retail Dealers inâ€" ‘ TBLEPHONBS 8 HUMUS IN THE. SOIL. ‘. BRYANS CO" fice. No. 77; Agents Office, No. 773; Mill ‘Omce, No. 78. FUEL- ;. “a M. BAKER. Acm. FRESH MINED COALâ€"Coming di- rect from Mines weekly. Office No' Vic be transformed into humus as needed by the plants under cultivation. Con- tinuous wheat growing is a process destructive of humus and of all organic ; matter in the soil. Not that the wheat uses up such large quantities, but, under conditions of wheat-growing as generally practised in this state, therew is a rapid decay of organic matter,- nitrification under these conditions being very rapid, and the products‘ ' to the air and are washed out of the soil, or, in case of the mineral products, phosphates, etc., they combine in such forms as to be no longer readily available for feeding the plant. An acre of soil to the depth of one foot weighs about 3,225,000 pounds, or 1,600 tons, and some soils as much as 1,800 tons per acre. Experiments have shown that soils containing the most humus hold the most moisture, are warmer, looser, mell0wer, most easily worked, and most fertile. Following is a summary of this important bulletin on soil and humus : 1. By twenty years of wheat growing from 40 to_60 per cent. of the organic matter of our soils have been lost. Luauuvl. u. vu. ~v--- ., 2. For every pound of organic matter that has gone to furnish its nitrogen to wheat five pounds have been lost. .. .I A A,,2_:__1‘â€" “fight I-wn’n’t mu; “£51m Ian- Lku. I knowod him soon’l I noodhlm. Ha" do 7817 one dat stole mistiu' mun . 611’“: do wah." vv AVI‘ 5; _â€"_- 5. Bare summer fallowing and burn- ing of the wheat stubble destroys large quantities of Organic matter and humates. 6. To keep the supply of humus in the soil we must imitate nature and grow for the present at least one year in five a. grass crop on our land. ~â€"-â€"..I_ “t 3. Many of our soils that: ongtnauy contained from 8,000 to 10,000 pounds of nitrogen per acre to the depth of one foot now contain from 3,000 to 6,000 pounds. ‘ n ‘ ,,,-___.. An.- hA:Iu U rive-unv- V,VU 4. By the loss of humus our Soils have become less retentive of moisture, and give it up by evaporation sooner than when they were well supplied with humus . ,, _ poor in humus. 8. Clover would be an ideal crop to maintain the humus in the soil and to aid in collecbing nitrogen from the air, but my grass will serve the purpose of supplying humus, and Bromus inermie has done well in this state, and may be used. THE FARMER BECOMING MORE lNDB- PENDENT. .; . [Farming] There can be no doubt that the condi- tion of the farmer has improved v§zy much durin the past year or two. _u'. only is thisg so in regard to the Canadian tarmmhattalamm sWJaE'zfl mm sippi were in much worse position than they are to-day, and were practically in the power of the men who manipulate the prices on the Chicago wheat exchange. But this condition of things has changed, and to-day the farmers of the Western States, instead of being at the mercy «f the wheat manipulators, are to a very great extent in control of the wheat market. Especially is this so in the state of Kansas. where it is reported that one hundred flouring mills have been com- pelled to shut down because of the farmers of that state are holding their wheat for better prices. It is claimed that the farmers of that state alone are holding 70,000,000 bushels of good wheat, and that to a large extent the same condi- tion of things prevails elsewhere. Whe.her the policy of the farmer holding his wheat :is a wise one or not, it is gratifying to know that he may do so if he wishes. The very fast. that he is able to hold his wheat, and is independ- ent of those who at this season of the year make every effort to get the prices down as low as possible, will have a tremendous effect upon the market, When the farmer is compelled. owing to a mortgage or floating debts, to dispose of his wheat as soon as it is thrashed, he is sometimes taken unfair advantage of by the speculators, who very often mani- pulate the markets to suit such circum- stances. But. if he is independent and can say to the dealer that he does not have to sell at his prices, the speenlator and manipulator of the wheat ring will not have things somuch his own way, and will have to some to farmers’ terms if he wishes to get his product, best: they can. Statistics Ihow that this year's wheat crop la a large one, and that there is likely to be a big surplus when next season: crop is ready. T: no, stock: were presty low before the new new crop was ready, but whegher this is sufficient to oounbéract the efi‘ect of a big crop xe- maina to be seen. Though the conditions in Canada out- side of Manitoba are somewhat diflerent from what they are in the Western etates, there is every reason to believe that the farmer here is in amore inde- pendent position than he was a year or two ago. In this fact everyone should rejoice, for if the farmer is in a more independent position it means that he is more prosperous, and that others will enjoy the same blessing. Whether it is a wise policy on the part of farmers to hold their wheat, though they are ina position to do so if they wish, is some- thing that they will have to decide for themselves after sizing up the situation as most loquacious old “aunty” was brought in. ’To the surprise of every one she would not say a word beyond “You, uh,” or "N0, 1“." After the departure of “distinguished guest-hows: asked the reason of horti- lono‘o. With a much, dignity and acorn .- ugh-undo dunno “annty” replied: While Charles Dudley Warner, as it II related, was a guest at an old time south- ern home near Ngsllvillo rho expreqsed‘ a an nu ma near nuannua no ex pressed: dosh-e- to see a real, typical 119310.80 the honor Taunsb‘w OCTOBER 20111 THE WATCHMAN. UNDSAY J Populu- Basketâ€"A Good nun um Vegetable Currier. One of the editors of The Rural New Yorker, who keeps an observant eye upon the marketmen of New York city, has recorded what he has seen recently in the way of shipping packages handled by them, giving illustrations of the same: ' -- -- ‘9‘, “Luv a Figure 1 shows around basket which has come into quite general use, espe- cially with southern shippers during the past few years, and which is certainly a model. The same style comes in two sizes, what is known as the half barrel basket and the third barrel basket, the capacity being indicated by these words, though some of the baskets look as though they had shrunk. The basket is very strongly built and is covered by a slatted cover well fastmed on. It is used by the southern shippers for string beans, peas, new potatoes, onions, squashes, as well as for apples and some other fruits and vegetables. It presents an extremely neat appearance, is very convenient for handling and is well ventilated. Its use might well be ex- tended, especially by northern grow- ers, for fruits and vegetables. I have just seen some of this same style of baskets, the bottoms of which are square with the corners rounded ofl‘, thus making the baskets nearly square instead of round. The only advantage I can see for these is that they might be packed together more closely in car or boat, thus saving space. These baskets vary considerably in size, height and capacity, but are alike in general style. Green ~lunar. For Potatoes. At this season of. growth potatoes show very quickly whether any green manure is plowed under for them, says American Culti'vator. If it has been, theywil‘l almost invariably keep green one or two weeks longer than will po-_ , tatoes for which a naked stubble was NW6d as their seed bed.‘~ Earlier in the- season the growth of the potatoes 01‘: st naked stubble may be the; best, but after the potatoes have set and the demand“ for “ moisture is greatest (is the time when the potatoes over green manure plog'o'ed under show their advantage. One week longer in keeping green may double the crop of marketable Danton. Nebraska. . . , .. North Dakota... South Dakota. . . Cnlftornia ..... .. Ora on Wu ington.. Oklhhomm. Arkansas. . . . . . Tennessee ..... Wee: Virginia. Kentucky . . . . . Ohio ...... . . . . . yippimn. Illinois ...... Wisconsin . . . Minnesota. . . Micheal-1 . . WWULUJ, vuv uav “.mâ€"y -â€" Fig. 2 shows one of the most popular l packages in market for the shipment of l fruits and vegetables. It is simply a I light, open case made of thin stnfl, but tolerably strong, and holdin six small I baskets a little larger than t e common : five pound grape baskets. Occasionally ' some are seen holding eight tills or baskets and sometimes one holding four, f but the popular size holds six in two - tiers. The one shown is filled with to- i meta“. the end baskets showing them -..v 's'u tun uoum uuvxug we papers 1'6- : moved to show the fruit. A larger part of the southern tomatoes come in these carriers, as well as the peaches, plums and grapes, and they are largely used for shipprng northern grapes and for Condition of Crops. Following is The Orange Judd Farm- er’s statement of the condition of corn, oats and spring wheat on Aug. 1 by notes and ‘the rate of winter wheat yield u so far developed by thrashing: Pâ€" Wheat. 'fi One sees peaches everywhere. The larger part of them are the Elbertas from Georgia, and a fine appearance they make, too, the baskets being those used in the regular carriers, holding perhaps about six quarts. I saw one small lot in octagonal crates, the crates having a partition like orange boxes, and hold- ing probably about three peeks each. \, ‘ 7 fl '7 ‘ ' VHF I "V W A mam uncut vsxn. many other products. The construction words good ventilation, the baskets serve to carry the contents in good shape and are of a size that pleases retailers. The cost ought not to be great. either. New York... [jeansfivanh . . A NEAT BASKET FROM THE SOUTH. SHIPPING PACKAGES- 0-00... on...- Spring. Winter." 19.0 17.5 21.9 10.0 11.8 Plain Talk on 1 Topic Involving Both Health and Money. In a. recent address to dairyman and milk dealers Professor Clinton D. Smith of the Michigan agricultural college spoke in plain terms on the subject of cleanliness.- One thing, said he, that our lady customer notes in the milk we furnish is freedom from dirt. She does not like to find in the bottom of the bowl, as she empties out her morning’s purchase, a teaspoonful of black sedi- ment. I know it is the custom of milk- men to call that stuff metal rubbed from the tin can, but it is, in truth, filth that ought to be in the barnyard. I have sold milk in an eastern town for a good many months and knowwhereof I speak when I say that this filth in milk can be almost if not entirely prevented. To furnish milk free from dirt the cows must be kept entirely clean as to their sides and udders.- Years ago, be- fore the invention of the modern styles of cow stalls, this was practically im- possible, but in modern times it is not. The point I make is that you cannot produce clean milk without keeping the cows clean. The importance of this phase of the subject would warrant me in spending a whole hour on it. Clean- Remember if e cowwia compelled to travel back and forth over a 30 acre field from morning till night in order to hunt a ration for herself she will not give you his pay in the pail. If she has ‘touee the energy to secure a living that she should have expended ln‘elaboreting milk, Ihe cannot be profltuble. To do her best the cow should be enabled to fill up well in a few hours end rest the :belagnoe of the time, u it in during these rest spells that she in grinding out your profit. There in none profit in summer dairying, but we must give very careful attention to ell'th‘e details A creamery built with a great splurge and at a great expense d declining rapidly into bankruptcy s one of the things which gives agricultural in gen- eral and the dairy business in particu- lar a backset. Do not build a creamery on a grand scale, but rather follow the more practical lines laid down by your neighboring localities where the dairy cow is a continual source of profit to the'. patrons of the creamery. If the plant is built at the right time and upon the proper basis, it makes a cash market for the dairy products, relieves theifarmer of the labor butter making and very often is a great educator in the. way of showing the best methods of feeding and of handling the cream and milkâ€"Creamery Journal. if we would realize it.--L. w in NationalVStockman. A milk can for shippers that will al- wnys hold a given quantity of milk is shown in the accompanying illustra- tion. The method of securing this re- sult is by having an exterior corrugated skin or covering and within it the regu- lation can. Then, no matter if the can should bedented in transit, the interior receptacle will still hold its original SKIPPER’B MILK CAN. linens in this line is not next to godli- nessâ€"it is godliness. Filthy milk is un- healthy. It ought to be unsalable. It comes from dairies where the sides and adders of the cows are filthy. Keep them clean, and the milk may be ex- pected to be so. ... 'A 3 V__L3“ Finally every milkmm should feel it due himself to keep his milk cans bright and shining, his milk wagon pre- sentable, and all of the equipment clean and in good orda. So much for the floor on which the cow lies. It is of equal importance that the walls and ceilings be not covered with cobwebs or coated with dust. It is not necessary to have an expensive cow stable to have a good one. The ceiling need not be planed even, but an- nually it should be washed down with a disinfectant solution, say, one part of mercuric chloride to a thousand of wa- ter and immediately whitewashed. I say this should be done annually. every spring. To procure pure milk it is essential that the stables be clesgedeuuqsslaelt on the floor to rot and spoil the air. It, is also essential that something like plaster as used after the stables are cleaned to dry the floor and check the rise of obnoxious odors. The floors should be level, and indeed must be so smooth as to hold no little puddles of disgusting liquids. As to the material of which the floor should be made, I have no finsl advice to give. I believe that cement properly laid and not trow- eled smooth will be found excellent. Don’t Lot Cow- Gat Tired Oman-loo M P51. CLEAN MILK. . 1898 Tourist Service is arranged and equipped with special reference to the Comfort and Convenience of the HOLIDAY TRAFFIC. For rates and all in- formation apply to J. G. EDWARDS 81 00. “Slimâ€""'2 For the fall shooting. Smokeless and Black Powders. Loaded Shells, Primers - - and Wada. - - ”THO Fan 75:. Riga 31.00. W GARRYXNGâ€"Arnmlm. 1.1.. “gym u might: 51‘. GUNS and AMMUNITION Pfinflvmmdonbfi'tflfinmz- «an Botany” 3: 913 LI. “a A__n_x .1, .4 Fairbanks Scales, Corn Hooks, Apple Paters, Barn and Stable Fixtures, Steel Sc00p Shovels, Bedford Manure Forks, Sheet- ing Papers, Window Glass, Paints and Oils. Juno ht, 1898. the Steam: ...... Leave Juncflon..v . Arrive It Junction.. Arrive n Baum“. . Best Make Horse Shoes and Nails, Iron and Steel Bars, and all kinds Heavy Hardware. Best Brands of Canadian and Amer.'can Goal 0/], J.G.EDWARDS00. h'emWooouoououtooopoocotitc Io. InveJunction...... .......... Arrive n 1. B. a o. Jnhét'ion........II Arrivestldndny....... ..... . ..... ... I. B. a: O. SERVICE. The Trent Yailey Navigation - 80., Limited. - ARRIVALS. Haliburton Mixedn .. . ............ .. Toronto Ex me from Port. Hope... Pod Bo from'l‘oronto ........ Oohocon Mixed .................. Port Hog Mixed from Port Hope“ . . Tomato :1] from Port Hope ....... Port Hog1x run from Toronto.... Whitby . ..... FARMERS, DO YOU WANT MONEY. R. G. Cornefl, THE GRAND TRUNK R’Y. WHY IS MY TRAflfifl IN WEDDING RINGS SO LARGE ‘2‘ (qu0= W. BEALL No. 8 William Street, Lindsay. I am prepared to LEND MONEY on Good Farm Property at Lowest Rates of Interest. No Solicitor’s Fees. No Commission. b nixed. ESTURION, GT. R. LOCAL TIME-TABLE There are hundreds of people in this county who can certify that the circles of gold bought from me 30 years ago are absolutely the purest. Oldst Established Jeweler, LINDSAY. Because I have persistently and against all temptations used only the_putest gqld. _ _ When you want a ring of any kind write or call on HARDWARE SEASON OF 1898. I. B. 0. RAILWAY. G. T. R. SERVICE. no... GEO. WILDER, Agent. DEPARTURE. n...u-...-o. 0.0... .....- 8 40 LID ‘...... 8 50 km “.....11 005m ........10 10 mm ...... 2 06 p.111 620 Pill ...-coo 758 In 8 00 p. ......losopm p.11: an o _ 1 . nmmm :PPP ”Wm! nzss PREFERABLE DON’T YOU THINK Hember Boyd Denul Collegeflom tor Good Dentistryâ€"34. ' Honor Gnduste of Toronto Cniveraizv mum of the 30 $1 Coll ’ Ontsrio. y ege M Dem DR. 0. s. McLEAN, DENTIST. - - l ‘ :xed mlo-nmm“ “nightmwpodmtonwfl‘ . '3 PER GEN T. a: m 7‘“ d. m gnaw. 1.0. ”5.08on Rh" 1! Subscribe for Watchman OFFICEâ€"‘94 Kent-st“ over 8km, Opposite tbs Post Office funds to low t's cent 0“ mariner ownProPelfl' Mumtbomm BLAIR sou ”a" I I5 I ’ 0 LINDSAY. Honor and!!!“ olfl‘oronto Uni ' College oilfenul Sam-goons. "“35 man,“ All the test on improved branch . Mypedormed. Chsrgesm '88 0‘ “h meme over Gregory's Drug Store, corner Kent ’ mâ€"m-ly. m KEIEINY WELDON. BAR' soucrroRs. ETC- Mlton’n Block. Kent-st, Linda)". “0% TO LOAN a very Lowest Estes. lJ. KENNY. I. E. WELDOK Extracts teeth without pun by: Gas (Vin administered by him for 26 years with gm He Mod the gas under Dr. Cotton, of h thca'iginstorolgutor extractingteeth. J quite. Dr. Neehnda tint he has given ‘ h 186,417 perm withOut an accident. Dz, uses the best loco! pain obtundera Be“ m teeth inserted st moderate prices. 2 tpostdcu'd before coming. omoe nut] the Simpson House, Lindsey. ,â€" “ Solicitor, Nona, Etc. Oflice over Ont!” Bunk, Kentqst, Lindmy. Money to 10m :2 30" mt nus. Wilflm-iLHJndny. F . D. MOORE. tad tendon N11. Linda“ 0210mm M, Kent-ct, We m Inning mon'ey on rd“ m flow in mm: Inge md snnllgwd 50mm on the but temp and st the very 19'“. nt- 0‘ m We do not lend on now or ch“ U- Solicieor for the 0mm hank: 'Moncsw Loan at Lowest Runs. 054» F0. 6 Wzllnm 5:!” south. 6. 113023133 1"- vfiâ€" m. Sofia»:- for the 0am 4‘ Wanda” Bank at loaned. Money 30‘!“ I J- I'LAIIcIIUI “0 LICITCR, etc. County Cm . Clerk of the PacefiUndssy. 050:, Keenan? foot 0! Kentsueot. THOS. STEWART 13th QA“ M.A- ”at ‘nâ€" “A na'm n: '0: mm ”RISIERS. SOLICITORS. etc. 0605..- {braille}! oppoa'u the Daly House, Ken: and JOHN MCSWEYN DONALD R. ANDERSOI Honor gnduste 01 Toronto University College of Dental Surgeons. All the lava method: adopted and prices moderate. Ofice 21:: Anderson a: Nugem's: oppo: L‘AA. Office and Beaten“ Corner of Lindsay I 8:. ”all 81‘: sets. Eventide of Roy: College of Phyddul d Surgeon. Edinburgh. Licentiate of HIM. Edinburg Spech‘ “mention given to [Elvin :nd diseases of women. Telephone No. 96â€"36. 30 Wellington-st. Surgeon to Gaol“ surgeon to G.T.R., Lindsay diam. OficeHo . 10m123.u1.;2bo4p.m. 7w8p.m. BONE No. 43. U one: and residence. Emmi-51., Lindsay, no. and door west of York-st. Ofice hours, 9.00 an: 10.30 3.111.; 130 p.131. to 3 p.xn., tad 7 to S p.111. Dk J. SIMPSON, ‘gpguste ’9! Univ. of Trinity 00‘. U of Toronto University Medial Faculty, also graduate of Tmiry L‘nim sity, Toronto, and Membe of College cf Physicians and Surgeons, Ontario. on. South-east corner Lindsay and Russell streets. Telephone 107 .â€" 23-h. DR A. E. VROOMA‘xâ€"omFe sad mdanm uni-Hum. n _.. MOORE JACKSONâ€"â€" 0 I‘d.â€" AMI gfi‘“.t\â€" Inv- QM: (‘th d DENTIST, DENTIST, ”)9 [lobby Tailors, Foot of Ian.“ R. A. GILLESPIE, .C.F, cm 5.0. OLAUGHLIN sud MCDIARH Bnmmns, Soncrrons. c., ’oSWEYN as ANDERSON. BAB- ; H. GROS P.DEVLIN, BARRISTEB so. and residence north east clmer P; dgo-m. Telephone 51. - MONEY TO LOAN. . NEELANDS. :. WHITE, GRADufi of Toronto Univemirv Maw. DENTIST lad .mde suit. 8; ‘5?" in to: wl'l'ich gelquog the 83m: 3.?“ he Custom-Mad O - i’f Ken taunt for the mdfvfififil 1ft": nlar, n ,_SIMP_s_o.\',_ Phys . JEFFERS. DENTIST, H: HOPKINS, Bards SUTTON, neswevu ANDERSON WALTERS: nuns“, w. c4mer m .3 4 ‘ P b y s 1 c 1 an medâ€"61., Lindsy,» ce hours, 9.00 mm: wd 7 to 8 p.m. DI. Univ. of Tn'nity 00;, minim: and Sung“, um! mm. G!“ ex. finds-y, Februug L/A’DSA Y. Mammy-I ALEX. JAcxsol nuns". L! N DSAY, Ppoa'u YM of Se. "mu-u {RIM Irism-It. mm 7519/5. “WES pamoe, e qwitics . 0m, 0 sues w ' FAL FEN others for ch: Vali