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In anéihor resfioot'Bnfi‘alo far exceeds Toronto. No monument in Queen's Park, lovely u Natun ha and. the Inmnndlngo, u the exterior, having double etalrwaye and double enclosed elevator: leading from floor to floor. A tablet in the entrance hall shown the number and office of every room in the bulldlnfiz The Americans are a pract- lcnl people. he Court House was erected ln 1875, end In that same year they erected a me nlflcent goal of white stone In the rear (3 the Court on the appetite elde of the street. In Bufl‘elo, from Court to prleon is but o step! one mey eey._ On the other hand, few cities, perhaps, on the American continent, can boaet so fine a Court House as Buifnlo. Built of pure white stone, devoid of elaborate ornamenta- tion, like the chaste Greek columns of old, it time in the purity and simplicity of its grapdeur. It occupies an elevated space PURE AND LOVELY CALLAS arose from a vase at the corner of the chancel while the entire pulpit front was concealed by a mass of white and delicatel -tinted flowers intermingled with green v nee all artistically arranged. Fully one fourth of the immense assemblage that filled the sanctuary were children An- other fine church is that of St. Mary (Catho- lie) on Broadway St. to which thronged thousands of worshl pore early on Easter morn. St. Paul's Cat edral is themostfash- ionable and aristocratic church in the city. Immense numbers throng there to hear the superb musical programme at Easter and to admire the lovely floral decorations of the church that day. However, no church in Buffalo has so fine a situation and such chaete architecture as the Metropolitan of Toronto. grandeur. It occupies an elevated a ace with main entrances from opponlte den. Its interior is as occupied the lands surrounding the flung-e. In one of their visits to Buffalo they made a raid upon Mr. Ransom’s house in his ab- sence and being denied liquor resolved to carry off the little girl Portia. It was with the greatest difficulty that the child was saved through the heroic conduct of Mrs. Ransom and her neighbors. Not only was the child saved from the Indians but lived, ampered, and afterwards became Mrs. ristopher Harvey. In walking upMain 8t., Bufi'alo, one might easily fancy himself on Yonge St., Toronto. There are similar wholesale houses at the foot of the street near the canal, and similar dis lays of goods on either side of the street, wit its rising slope till you reach the Gen- esee House, north of which are many hand- some private residences and pulic institu- tions. Parallel with Main St., which runs north and south, are Pearl, \Vashington, Niagara and Delaware streets, the last being the finest in the city for its magnificent rivate residences, fine churches, ample ulevards and broad pavements overarched by lines of lofty trees. On this street stand three magnificent churches almost side by side. First, Calvary churc (Presbyterian) a handsome and'imposing e ifice of white stone ; next, a Methodist Episcopal of (qual and similar proportions but of red stone; then Trinity Church (English) a massive buildin of red stone differing from the others in architecture, more ornamented with large circular windows of stained glass fronting the street. Another handsome English church is that of St. John on Swan St., built of white stone and resembling much the Presbyterian and Methodist, and whose Sunday School numbers 650 upils. The writer witnessed the children's ‘aster floral service in this church. The altar, tablets, bishop's chair, and reader’s desk Were decorated with garlands of green. Above the altar was a blazing cross. From the bank of moss which filled the baptismal font sprang beautiful lilies. The story of Portia Rmsom is one of the earliest tales told in Buffalo’ s history. Asa Ransom, asilversmith, sattled in Buffalo, in 1796 with his wife and infant dsu ghter Portia. The Seneca Indians. one of the York Le islethre authorized aliens to hold lend y which law the Holland Com- pany were enabled to take possession of the lands they had purchased, and in the same year the name Bufl'slo was given to Erie. To Joseph Ellicott, more than to any other man in its early history, is said to be due the rapid progress of Buffalo. which soon rose from a hamlet to a city. He sur- veyed the land for a. city in 1798 and opened up the first wagon-13ml in Erie Connty. ML- 1‘ 1‘ Buffalo is the larger (250,000), the weal- thier, the more democratic of the two ; To- ronto the more aristocratic, with its finer situation, fine harbor, better boulevarded but inferior paved and narrower streets, handsomer lawns, finer architecture, super- ior schools and colleges and University. Toronto, too, has the more romantic and healthier situation. In Tormto the Eng- lish, Scotch, and Irish elements of national- ity largely prevail, while Bufl‘alo seems to have a large German element, which, per- haps, may be accounted for by the purchase of the Reservation lands of the Seneca In- dians by the Holland Company in an early iod of the city’s history. In 1798 the New ork Legislature authorized aliens tn Buffalo. like Toronto, ila great eteem- Ihlp and railway focus, each being the cen- tre of a eat and rapidly increaaing trade on the la es and throu h a fertile country lying out and west. 0 peculiarly (”INCIDENT FORTUKATR SITUATION of each, the character of its inhabitants, salubrioun climate, fertility of soil, link: of connection with town and countryâ€"by Iteamboat, railway, telegraph and celeponc â€"â€"havo made and are still making each a great and a prosperous city, with a progres- sion rivalling the first cities on the Conti- neat. The city is said to have obtained its name from Buffalo Creek._and the creek from an Indian of that n: ma. Fort Erie wan built in 1761, but Capt. Wm. Johnson, who mer- ried a Seneca woman was the tint white set- tler at the mouth of Buffalo Creek in the ear 1793. Bufl‘ulo and Toronto, therefore, date from the same year; each poueeeed e fort : Buffaloâ€"Fort Erie; Torontoâ€"Fort Ronnie. Each was founded on the shore of a great inland lakeâ€"the one on the south- east shore of Lake Erieâ€"the other on the north-west shore of Lske Ontario ; the one beneath ‘the Stare and Stripes, the other? beneath the banner of Britannia, and each ‘ dutined' to become a great cit although both Were burned to the ground the wars of 1812â€"15 which devastated the boundary linen of the rive] nations. Some lnlpnulou From ‘- Been: "In. THE CITY OF BUFFALO. CIIASTB AND MAGNIFICENT 'rnmxs or flu: 1110017013,: BY J. z. 101.va n. A. Tho U. S. senate committee on foreign afi‘airs by a strict party vote has reported a ainst the ratification of the fishery treaty. Aglthough this is a great and serious check to the agreement recently reached at Wash- ington coming into effect, there is an apparently welHounded opinion at Ottawa that ultimately the Cleveland Cabinet will prove strong enough to have the conclusion arrived at by the recent commission adopt? ed. Just now it is thought that it will be unwise either for the President or Secretary of State Bayard to flush for the treaty’s ratification, owing to t e enmitiesfihat would certainly be amused, but before a year has rolled by it is believed that the opportunity will occur. Thus the treaty is not lost, but is in abeyancs. are light and warm. Pale ink and blue combine nicely for opposite si es, as do dark red and pale blue. Not quite in the decorative line, but bordering on the useful, are the comfort- ables of colored cheese cloth. If the idea is a new one to the rural aieters, I am sure they will be pleased with it. It is cheaper than calico and much prettier. I‘he quiltln in very quickly done ; one may make severe in an afternoon at a very small bee, and they are light angi yarm. I_’ale_pink and blue For windows in summer, cheese cloth re- tains its popularity ; but where white is un- desirable, on account of dust, there isa kind of scrim painted in colors, a. sort of cheap Madras cloth, at 10 and 12 cents a yard, which is very pretty and effective. It will wear, and look well for three or four seasons without washing, and is gauzv and airy, and not unlike China silk in design and gen- eral appearance. As it costs but 60 cents a window. it can be replaced when you tire of it. Use great care in selecting the pat- tern, as some of them are very ugly. A creamy ground with conventionalized ileur- de-lis sprinkled over, and a soft grey round with trailing vines in browns and re s, and bunches of scarlet berries, are among the prettiest I_ have seen. Artistic Curtain Stufi‘s. I know at nothing in the matter of fur- nishin , that appeals so strongly to a house- keepers heart as beautiful stuffs for our- tains and hangings. A visit to one of our large emporiums the other day satisfied me that those of us who Cannot afl‘ord superb tapestries with French Renaissance pat- terns, or brocades of the time of Louis Quatorze, can still drape our doors and win- dows artistically. I was greatly surprised to find that one of the newest, as it is also perhaps one of the cheagest fabrics for heavy portieres, is simply the Inc or brown denim used for working-men’s overalls. As it is always darker on one side than the other, one of the easiest means of ornamentation is to out a pattern out of the cloth and ap- plique it on, wrong side out. Embroidery in outline stitch is also very effective; the pattern should be flowing and arabesque- like, or one composed of trailing vines and flowers. A flax thread is used which does not lose its lustre in the laundry. It makes very elegant table-covers ; being heavy it drapes well, and _falls in rich folds. I hadn't the heart to wake him. I set down and gave him an hour of improving reflection, and credited myself with that amount on my bill.â€" [Burdotte. - wea with inaction. A solitary cuspidore, half lled with the sawdust of a es, slept be~ hind the coal-box, where nobe y could get at it. The glass doors of the library hung ajar, and the bunch of keys, half caught, hung in a limp, dissipated way from the look, as though they had tried to get in but fell asleep in the effort. The big lies buzzed lazily about in the air, as though they had about decided to make one more effort to reach the ceiling, and if they missed it that time they would give it up and fall down on the floor. In a very old-fashioned web in a window corner, an old-fashioned spider, in a condition of pitiful destitution, sat by a rent in his den, trying to make n his mind to brace up and get at it and men it. A slim-waisted wasp crawled about over the old, time-eaten window frame, looking for raw material for her wood pulp mill. All the pens on the green table were corroded and split up the back. The ink in the big cut glass stand had dried up in a sun-baked, crackled mass. The lawyer lay back in his big leather chair. His feet were on the table. His head hung over the back of the chair. His mouth was wide open; his eyes were tight shut. His hat had roll- ed under the table. A newspaper had fallen from his hand. He did not move when I told him I had come to pay that bill. He snored, gently, regularly, but resolutely, 1 like one to whom snoring and sleeping is not a duty, but a pleasure. Above the little iron safe and above the big green table hung two framed mottoes. Above the table it said, in severe letters of forbidding black :â€" “ This is my busy day.” And over the little iron safe emphatic let- tors in chromatic print said :â€" “ Time is money.” One iey last summer I went into a law yer's office. I climbed up a. flight of dusty stairs, turned to the right, walked down a hot, dingy passage-way until I came to a door, and knocked hard. There was no re- sponse. Everything was too sleepy even to make an echo. So I said “ Come in ' to myself and walked in. It was very warm. The windows were open, and the hot air come quivering in from the blistering street, and went around the office in sluggish waves warping the big law books on the baize-cmn ered table. In the corners of the room the cobwebs hung dusty and motionless. A broom and a battered watering-pot stood behind the stove, which was red with rust and stood on three legs and» a. cobble-stone. In another respect Buffalo surpasses To- ronto and this is a national feature, I believe, oi the American people. It in the courteous politeness of it: people. If any doubt this statement let him visit Buffalo and aak ques- tions of information from police men, busi~ neu men or those he meets upon the street. Strangers receive a kind welcome. One citizen is considered as good as another if his reputation be good. Wealth builds no social barriers. Equal rights and libertiee to all. A common brotherhood and a com- mon humanity. " Monument of Liberty" in Union Square. It wu erected in 1882. The base has the etetue of a soldier etnndiug at each corner as if to guard from every point of the com- paee the maiden etnnding at the pinnacle of the monument and representing the liberty of the notion. The monument is of pure white stone. circular column and beorin carved inscriptions. It is called the " So - diere' Monument.” rhea bl" I0 uhtoly und grad u Buffalo’- “ Monument of Libertv" [Inlnn hung"! The Handwriting on the Wall. least appreciation of the positive fact, that most 0 the suffering which the human race endures is the result of causes which are on- tirely within the province of individual human nature to prevent, and that, there- fore, reformation of the individual is some- thing more important than the reformation of society. .. It is a matter of regret that those who de- oleim most loudly against the inequalities in the distribution of wealth, and are ready with schemes for the more "C unidiviaion of unequal earnings " as remelliea against suffering, are the ones who seem to have the Inequality in the distribution of wealth seems to many to constitute the greatest of all social evils. But, great as may be the evils that are attendant on such a condition of things, the evils resulting from an equality of wealth would undoubtediybe much great- er. Dissatisfaction with one’s condition is the motive power of all human progress, and there is no such incentive for individual exertion as the apprehension of prospective want. " If everybody was content with his situation, or if everybody believed that no improvement of his condition was pos- sible, the state of the world would be that of torpor,” or even Worse, for society is so con- stituted that it can not for any length of time remain stationary, and, if it does not continually advance, it is sure to retro- grade. William is very deeply and thoroughly Prussian. He is a living, breathing embodi~ ment of all the qualities and lack of quali- ties which, throu b recisely twa centuries, have brought thelittle mark of Brandenbur up from a puny fief, with a poor, scatters population of a million and a half, to the state of a great kingdom, ruling nearly fifty millions of ople, and giving the law to all Europe. e is saturated with all the in- stincts and ideas which has raised this par- venu Prussia to her present eminence, and his character is the crown and flower of these two centuries of might and ruthfulness and spoliation exalted into creed. On the other hand, his mother is the best royal product of a totally and fundamentally different civilization. Victoria Adelaide is unques- tionably the broadest, most liberal, and most lovable of all the Guelphs who have been born since Elector George first landed in England. When I say that she is the only one of her family who at present spmpathizes wholly with Mr. Gladstone, I have most simply and fully indicated her disposition and bent of mind. Obviously she can have but little in common with a son who would bane: Gladstone oil-hand, and who avowodly hates England as the country whence has come all the constitutional nonsense which nowadays limits and hampers kingship. 5. We: present at a council and a drawing- room. 6. Looked in at two exhibitions. 7. Entertainer! 40 guests at dinner. 8. Gave 9. ball. 9. Escorted the lust fair dancer to her carriage and saluted her at sunrise. iu'this way, and a minor collection of his sayings might be made out of snubs to that profession. He did not mind talking of imsslf when it oould be done with geod sense and discretion, and as an incident of his confidences on great events. He did not like to figure as the subject of his own story. that was all. “He is naturally of great iety of mind," says Mr. Mitford, “ laughs ond and'long, like the whooping of the whooping-cough re ated." Wellington told Rogers that i “ Bouna‘parte” had come to take the command in Spain he should have considered his name e ual to an additional forty thousand men. as it not been put at an even higher figure! He talked freely of Waterloo, but usually in a disinterested way, as though it was some- body else's victory. “Bonnaparte was as clevera man as ever was, but he wanted sense on many occasions. I think his best plan would have been to have waited for the allied armits to have attacked. Then. to have singled one out and defeated it." “At Waterloo Bounaparte had the finest army he ever had in his life «full of enthu- siasm. . . . Two such armies, so well trained, so well officered ! It was a battle of giants.” It was his nearest approach to heroics. To a lady who asked him to tell her all about the battle of Waterloo, “ We l pummelled them," he said, “ they pummel- led us, and I suppose wo pummelled the hardest, so we gained the day.” This is almost capped by Mitford’s account of his matter-of-fact way of receiving the con- gratulations of Creevy after the fight. He would not hear of congratulation :â€" “ It was a dreadful business, thirty thou. sand men destroyed, and a dâ€"d near thing." “George the Fourth is no gentleman," he said, “ though an excellent actor of one for ten minutes. Like Mr. Macready, he can’t support it longer. His conversation with women most ofi‘ensive. The King never sought good company; the Queen did. His levees disgraceful ; all who sent their names were presented by the lord iu-waiting, driven before him like cattle. He kee s people waiting. The luckiest man in t e worldâ€"getting into scrapes by misconduct, and getting out by good luck.” When the duke dined with Louis XVIII.. he observed that all the members of the Royal family were waited on by gentlemen. “I, of course had a servant, and was the best wait~ ed on at table.” When past 80, according to Mr. Mitford, he did the following things none day. apparently without turniuga hair :â€"l. Went to morning prayer. 2. Gave away two brides. 3. Transacted Horse Gnards’ business. 4. Took his usual rides. ln Temple Bar for April appear: an ar- tlcle on convemtione with Wellington. The materials have been collected from the oommonpleoe books of the Rev. J. Mitford, of Benhnll, who probably heard Inoet of them at Rogers' table. where he was e fre- gzuent guest. The Duke took kindly to 03ers, and consented to have his own words put on record. To many other inter- loontore he was nnything but kind. Mr. Mitford given one example. When the Duke was sitting to Phillipe the letter asked him “We: not your Grace surprised at Waterloo 2" “Never till now,” was the reply: Artiste more than once offended him Conversations With the Duke of Wellington. [low to Annihilatc Poverty. Ah, no, I never work,” he said ; Wlth rlde he gazed aloft, Indee , I always sleep in gloves, It keeps my hands so soft. ' I see,” the cruel mold to lled, How you moomplllhod t at; And, pretty air, when sleeplng, Do you aloe weer your but 2” Germany’s Next Emperor. “Then what made you think you could do better here 1" From what Mond- ln Hungory told him he come to anlond. wont to the Eat End Samuel Wildman, whose appearance con tradlcted his name, a boot finisher, said that he came from Hungary ten years ago, as he could not get a livmg there. .. --.. _ “What were you engaged at there?’ ukod Lord Dunraven. " I was a teacher." “ Many of the men who come here from abroad have been driven from their homes by political reasons. Their social life here in certain? not better than that which they left in the r ovyn country." Several workmen witnesses who were ex- amined fully bore out the truth of Mr. White's investigation. One can stand as an inntance of all. ‘ A‘sk‘8d about the sweaters, Mr. White added that they were usually lntelli out and temperate, most attached to their gamilies, of whom they caught glimpses, as It were. They never thought 0 amusement, and at forty years old a sweater was aged and worn out. ' “Are they well behaved?” asked Lord Derby. “ Admirably behaved as regards morality; abominably behaved an regards cleanliness.’ “ Is the condition of these men better or worse here than in their own country 7" 6‘ Mann n' flan man “11". AA...“ L--- I--.“ The life of a London sweater was hopeless and dreary, and it is not surprising that they showed ino'inatione to adopt revolutionary propggopde. ' The Earl of Dnnraven asked :â€"â€"What is the price paid for finishing these boots 7" “ The manufacturers pay fourpence a pair for finishing, or four shillings a dozen.” “ What do you say," asked Lord Derby, :l‘about the men who work eighteen hours a ay 2" “I have known one sweater who, when he went home at midnight, was so exhaust- ed that it was his custom to sleep with his head on a table, being too tired to o to bed. Any attempt by the men to organ ze them- selves. to get shorter hours or to obtain bet- ter wages. is looked upon as insubordination sand the masters will instantly dismiss t em. ’ Lord Derby asked, “ But was this piece of bread tor the man’s dinner or breakfast. Mr. White?" “I took it myself," said Mr. White, “as the remains of his dinner. He had coffee with it, but no fish, nor meat, nor anything else. It is the ordinary food of the sweaters. By working eighteen or nineteen hours a day for some years the working sweater in the slop boot trade hopes to be a knifer himself. The colonial mars at is flooded with work of the most worthless description turned out by these sweatersâ€" boots with soles made largely of brown um n...- n “ Only yesterday," he said, “ I new one of these dinners. which consisted of a piece of hard, pasty like bread.” A POOR DINNER. This piece of bread was produced and shown to the committee. In an§wer to Earl Derby, who inquired about the hours of labor of sweaters, Mr. White said they worked about eighteen hours a day. He had seen men at work from five o'clock a. m. until midnight. They eat and worked at their seats and took their meals there. The two great causes of sweating were the improvements in machinery and the importation of foreigners. Where there was not the poor foreigner there was not the sweatin g. THIS SYSTEM OF \VORKING the slop boot trade had been brought about by two factors not in existence two generat- ions agoâ€"the practice of riveting and the unrestricted importation of green hands from Russia, Poland and Germany. They belong. ed to no union, and were willing to work for such remuneration as was given to In- dian coolies, who would receive four or five annas a day. The absence of apprenticeshi was another cause. Formerly workmen h to undergo an apprenticeship in order to be skilful. A “ greener" who had not arrived a fortnight from abroad was now considered sufficiently competent to take part in the work. “ It is impossible to ive agscientifio defi. nition. It might be cal ed a system oigrind- ing the poor." The word “sweater" used in the boot trade had the opposite meaninq‘ to that in the tailors‘ trade. In the boot trade a “sweater" was a man who worked himself; in the tailor’s trade one whow caused others to sweat. A master, or kniier, in the London boot trade took a half share. He could prepare work for two, three or four finishers. Supposing the price paid by the manufacturewas four shillings a dozen.~the master would take two shillings and divide the remainder among three work- men. Thus it was evident that the master, or knifer, was anxious to increase the num- ber of “sweaters," as he thus got an in- creased pro rtion of the money. The knifer provi ed his men with a cup of coffee in the morning and in the evening in order to prevent the workers from moving from their seats. He also provided them with tools, light and what was known as grind- ery. to the factory and ranitary inspectors. 3 The abolition ‘of the conflicting, and separ~ ate duties of sanitary and factory inspectors and largely to increase the number of the inspectors and to raise their qualifications.’ ‘ 'rus “swm'rmu” SYSTEM. . Mr. \Vhite went on to detail how, bein interested in social questions, he had repeat- edly come in contact with the "sweating" system. Lord Rothschild asked :-“How would you descrihe ‘sweating’ If’. ..~___ v... “.v I'"" Mr. White :â€"°“ The remedies are:â€"l. The restriction of foreign pauper emigration especially that of men over fifty years of age, unskilled in their trade, speaking no language but their own and bringing no money with them. 2. The extension of the Factor Act to adult males, with registra- tion oÂ¥ all work‘rooms, the certificate of registration to be affixed outside the house, and everv room in the house to be accessible l The Earl of Dunreven is not only desirous ‘ of reforming the House of Lords but is earn- ‘est in trying to better the condition of the Boer slaves of what is called here, as in the nited States, the “ sweating " system. He is chairman of the committee of which Lords Derby and Rothschild are members. They met in the library of the Home of Lords taking testimony. The view is thus stated in an answer to 3 question which Lord Dun- rsven put to e witness, Arnold White, for- ‘ merly member of Parliament and co-lsborer \ with Walter Beunt, George R. Sims and others in ferreting 02!: «buses on the poor. ‘ 1". 9. Life at the London Swoater. A wonxmm‘s TESTIMONY.