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a roar er ot IE soils In many parts of the ~. provinee are so depleted of their lime that they are be- _ coming sour or acid. This 'an important fact as few, if any, our farm crops can make their best growth om & soil carrylng en uflicient supply of lime. This & Specially true of leguminous plants is probable that the frequent ling out" of clover during the rst winter is due to lack of sufficient lime, Lime acts in several ways. It neu- tratizes the acids formed in the soil through the decay of organic matter; if overcomes tue tenacity of clay _|soils, binds sands together and thus Aimproves the physical condition of beth types of soil. Lime is not only 'an essential constituent of the food 'ot plants, but it also tends to lib- erate plant food, especially potash, irom the insoluble forms in the soil, bringing them into an available state. The micro-organisis that live on the moots of the uitrogen-gathering cannot work In an acid soil, A on some other forms of organ- ismé whose function it is to gather nitrogen. it requires about two tons of © ground lmestone rock to be equal to one ton of quick lime, and the prices charged for them are in about the same proportion, Furthermore two tons of tne former to ope ton of the latter are about the right quantities to apply. { Tue ground limestone rock is safe on' any land in almost any quantity, and may be applied at any time of the | year. On heavy clay soils quick lime, | slaked before applying, may glve | quicker results; but it should not be applied to light sandy soils. Few materials or rertilizers can bave so many good things sald about them us lime and none of them cost so lit- tie money, Try out a little yourself this year.--Prof. R. Harcourt, On~ tario Agricultural College, | | To Prevent Potato Scab. { For seed select smooth, sound po- { Iatoes. us [ree as possible from scab, | and disinfect by soaking them before they are cut for two hours in a solu- tion made by adding bali a pint of coimnmercial Tormalin to 15 gallons of | water. A couple of barrels with plugs in tbe sides near the bottom can be used to advantage in treating the seed, The potatoes can be placed {directly in the solution or first put i crates or coarse sacks and theg ime mersed. After treatment spread the pota- toes out on a clean foor or on Lhe grass to dry. Wash all crates, bags, ele., which are used In handling the 3 potatoes with the formalin solution, 3 The same formalin solution can be used to treat successive Jots of pota~ toes. Fifteen gallous is sufficient to | treat from 20 to 25 bushels if ordi | nary precautions are taken not io waste too much of the fluid as each {lot of tubers is dipped. If the pota- joes are not all treated the same [day it is advisable to make up fresh formalin for each day's work, Coryosive sublimate | (mercuric igride) can also be used to treat potatoes to prevent scab, Soak the {uncut tubers for three hours in a solution of 2 ounces cf corrosive sub- - {imate to 25 gallons of water. Cor- |rosive gublimate is a deadly poison, 3 pn potatoes treated with If are Ten- i aered vafit for food for man or beast, Formalin 'ts a clear liguid disinfec- taut. It i= a 40 p.c. solution of for- waldolyde gas and water. -It can be purchaned from almost any druggist, it 18 s0ld under the names of forma~ | jiu and formaldehyde. It is import { ant that the purchaser, whatever | name he buys it under, secured a guaranteed solution of 40 po for~ waldebyde. * "if possible plant the treated seed potatoes oun clean soil, thal is sol tbat has not produced a crop of scab by. potatoes, Practice a rotation of E: erops. If scab is very bad it is not advisable to plant potatoes om the game land oftener tnan once in five years, Heavy applications of baro~ yard manure should not be made to the potato crop, but if necessary give en at some other point in the rota- tion. Piaut potatoes after clover sod if possible, Avoid alkall fertilizers suco as lime and wood ashes.~Prof. J. BE. Howitt, Outario Agricultural College, { | { Septic Tank for Sewage Disposal. This system consists ordinarily of a two-chamber concrete, water-proof tank equipped with an inlet, over- iow and vent pipe, and an automatic giphon for emptying the tank of the liquid sewage from time to time, and a system of tile, called the "absorp- tion bed," consisting of several par- allel rows of 3 or 4 in. land tile laid with open joints, almost level, and j shallow, and branching off from = joa line of sewer pipe wkich coa- pects it to the tank. For the ordi- nary-sized home each tank should be about 3 ft. square and 3 ft. deep, and 150 to 200 feet of land tile would be required for the absorption bed. The 'vitrified sewer tile is best tor the main and the number of them will depend upon the distance of the ab- sorption bed from' the tank, is system b properly installed , Ont.--R. " atario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ontario. ! Jersey Cif FR SE] Judge Rules in Faver of intended FESR ia HEIRS CSISISICIOICICISR FIN INIAN N HOIISISIOIIS "t/ ZINN HGRISICICISR HICIOICR +R ronto on Monday, May 7. Ontario. The following should be memorized by every reader of THE OBSERVER. HE PEOPLE OF ONTARIO ate actusfoined to acs cept their food much the fame as they breathe the air They read isolated items : about food shortage, but such a thing as this affecting their'own dinner table never enters their mind, and it is the responsibility of The Observer to bring home to its readers a realization of the facts, as un- less something: is doue, in 'another year, they will not be reading about the hunger in Belgium but the hunger in Under the Presidency of Mr. J. W. Woods, a Counfer- «ence of all interested in food production was held in To- SAA TES BS SERS aS hd | cattle. Seven of these herds, compris LUCRATIVE i D ing 82 cows, had &lways used grade sires. The other sever Colnprising 84 [ wario, there were 12 herds of grade cows, had used purebred sires for many years. At creamery prices Careful Selection, Breeding and for milk, one year's record rhow- ® Management Neoessary. ed a balance of $31.51 per cow In favor of the seven herds that had used pure- bred sires: Own First-Class Bull. PLAN FOR BETTER ANIMALS Thé owner of a large herd of grade cows can well afford to own a first Dwaer of Dalry Should Estallish now making It possible for the owner Standard und Reject All Cows Not of a small herd to own a share in a Mosting it--Raise Only the good, well-bred bull. A co-operative Beet Heifer Calves. 3 bull association is a farmers' organi- zation the chief purpose of which is the joint ownership, use, and exchange of high-class, purebred bulls. If skill- fully managed, these associations i ! i { | | class bull, and bull associatiohs dre ! #hould be eventually the greatest sift gle fdctor in the upbullding of o dairy herds. * To build up a valuable and profitable dairy herd, careful and intelligent man. snt must be bined with seféc- tion and breeding, Ill treatment and {insufficient or unsuitable feed have nade many a well-bred and carefully selected herd unprofitable. All cows should be well bred and well fed. It never pays to keep a cOW that doe mot pay a falr return for first-clasd feed and care, TA Ey RE a ROC Inspect Vegetables in Cellar | Go over the celery, cabbage and crops in the cellar and pick out # that are starting to decesy it RAISE MORE POULTRY Help Uncle Sam by raising more poultry and eggs. Uncle Sam wants to doublé the production of poultty tind eggs next season. Will you do your bit? y Are you doing your share to encourage the production of 6,- 500,000,000 pounds of eggs that _ will be needed next season? [© Eat more poultry aiid éggs and