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nd aeew t the fs Eh 1 WoT "= LOAN, bg Fuld £8 por dunt, Yarnold : Sostorro CORVEYANGER, at residence, 'mile west of Port Perry,)-- © Monuy yo Loan. Issuer 8f Marriage Licrises. re E BARREL, K.C, LLB. { wn A ttornay, Barcister County. yg : Notacy Public and Conve "Sout th g Court House, "Witty, 2 A Murray, ¢ DENTIST, " Office #ver the Post Office. © UORT PERRY: Al branohes of Dentistry, - including - Crown and Bridge Work successfully, pra 'Artifical Tooth on Gold, Silver, Aluminum ; or Rubber Plates, * + Filligs of Gold, Silver or Cement . Painless extraction when required: "8% Piites to suit the times® Oatario Observer] 4 Weekly Political, Agricultural and Kaniily: Neiospaper 18 PUBLISHED AT PORT FERRY, ONT. prERY THURSDAY MORNING BY H. PARSONS $1 am} i paid in advance ; v ii be charged. No suhseription infin Too A Sod 10 paper discontinued wre puid ap. ted miomey, when addressed to th Bh Fel registered will bp ub our ope sasured by Nanpariel, and ascending the spice thay ADY. ruses ENTR coonived tor publication with VAR imatruotions, will 1 be ut A iy No ora out until for. BERS dae llewsd to Merchants ond offer by the year or half THESH tofu wil in all cases be wi adhered to JOB DEPARTMENT, Hand Bills, ot avery siyle #6 08 low. * Posters, Eo pre fake AL ge : H, PARSONRS, i ay, : on LICH Port Ferry. Ont, |: 6th Con. | Dillon Hinge- Stay Fence Manufactured by the Ow Wire Fence Uo. Ltd. Saund prepaved to Supply this "whole community witli the very BEST WIRE FENCE . producedion this Continent and at prices 'that can not fail to satisfy purchasers, The DiLron Fenek ig wit peer. It.is the BEST ie Ssew is flexible ; itis a square mesh ;.it1s a perfect' hiuge-stay fence, therefore it is impossible to bend the slays in fact it is the best fence mide ir this or any other country, Before purchasing a. Wire Fence don't fail -to inspect the DiLron Fence, 5 JH. Brown, £ EALBR IN AGRICULTURAL ImpLE. MENTS AND 'Macuinggy. April 6; gos. SeAGhave FIRE INSURANGE AGENTS PORT PERRY, ONT, PLICATIONS POR INSURANCE xpiditiously negotinted and pat on the rapid transit system usured ou receipt of applica- ral you'a tion, WE ARE ALSO AUTHOR. IZED TO INSTANTANE- OUSLY ADs SHALL. LOSSE LIVE STOCK lina ton We have full control in this district for all nsurance of the General Animals Insurance' Company: ~----AGENTS FOR---n y PIENOS 4 ORGANS| Patronage respectfully solicited, WARD & PEARSE.. Emr ' and "oootinned he 7 » E.'A. ADAMS, H. G. HUTCH ~ BellPhone No. 41 BEON, Bal Ea aeNo: s ADAMS & HUTCHESON SUCCESSORS TO ; DAVID J. & DOUGLAS ADAMS * EIRE LIFE INSU RANGE MARINE ACCIDENT Real Estate Mortgage Loans - Steamship Tickets manos ot Phoaée | So 'Mechanics, A National museum at 8, which includes two of thb ofiginal locomotives' and nu- models and accessories, , Ligtiry of the steath engine is a tic romance without patahel rv {he fecord of human achicvements." t co # the stupendous and persist ent efforts of many early philosophers and mechanics who found steam a mysterious uncontrollable force and le wi & comprehensible controllable actor of public service. p ote knows how long after it was bbserved that by holding down the lid of 'a kettle of balling liquid a certain fofce was creatdd, due to the cdm- pression of the steam, before #ny use was attempted wiih this hewly discov- ered force. It is gertain, however, that a sort of steam pugine was exhibited In Alexandria, pt, about 200 years before our era Pegan, and it was de- scribed in a work on pneumatics by Hero of Alexfndria, written between 150 and 130/B. C. This machine was Fo ngte 2 or The Great Ship "SEEANDBEE" . jf Ths largestand most costly stewmer on any inland water bf the world. ~ Sleeping accommodas; "CITY OF ERIE" =" LMemifion J "CITY OF BUFFALO"! § PUEFALOS Del, lstto § Das. Lo-CLEVELAND meat hE or Sea ke BER = New ISSUE of the ~ = Telephone Ap Directory fs now prepared, and additions and 4 changie for it should be reported to our Local Mi at once. wu a telephone? Those ho ave will Sa you that Its oh moet procsous of motern conveniences. 'Why not order to-day and have your name in the new directory? "The Bell Telephone Co. of Canada GEO J ACKSON, . Licensed: Auctioneer, Valuator, &e. gor THE "OPNTY OF ONTARIO AND TOWNSHIY OF CARTWRIGHT, ISHES at this the commencement cf "another Auction Bale Season tore. turn thanks to Hig mumerous patrons for past favors, Iu requesting their esteemed tronage he desires to That noeffort or ains will be spared 'on his part: NO make. 1 gales entrusted to "him successes. His very extensive practice He the. pak ah In a letter just received by: T. W. McGarry, Provirchal Tred er, from Dr. A. BE. Ross, M.P Kingston, who serving Ww 1st Canadian Field Ambalan France, the situation in-Fland not 'ond that excites envy, there 1s a devil, he is now sitt the highest pinnacle laughing: work," writes the. Doclor, ds ing his experiences in £0: & engagements, He DPR th of & motor ambulance by R County. 'There is po | to be done than getting wounded Sut of. tbe firing poiiit of years pointed to the. position on. 18! pond) d had begun: at his DOB! nby of Ontario. yskry aR Office. ester, Jao: 10, a rotary affair, more theoretical than practical, ag were mény of the results of philosopliy in those days. A recon struction of\this engine iu model! form is In the mugeum exhibits. Nothing mre is to be found concern- Ing the steam engine for centuries, a fact which isino doubt due to tHe lack of interest anything which did not have to do h war or warlike imple | ments. - A bo¢k published in Rome in 1629 gives a 'description of Giovanni Branca's crude steant engine, showing it to have beeh an elémentary steam turbine, with the sole defect that it lacked any appliances for making the steam follow the vanes, or buckets, of the revolving wheel. 80 that more of its euerLy might have been converted Into pseful work. One authot in a ¢ on locomotives claims that had & than the 8Xhibit of the } fhe fate of Mam : The Isle of Man, while a part British Empire, is not a part England, and ls not governed by the I'gavor Jaws of England. The isle 3 wh at laws Bntirely iin i] ve forces to. mal writ it d all tranafors and deeds affecting bea" 0 pers: F; ©. other hand, ng mi woman can legally possesd 1 ined own fight either money or property in the Isle of Man; she ean have no separate estate unless gpeelally pro- tected before marriage, and card make no will without thd leave of her husband: . eee eid For a Long Life. In summing up the rules for pro- guoing longevity Sir Herman Weber, , lays down the following re- Sime: Avoid discontentment and wotry. Worry is one of the surest life shorts | eners known. Rise early and retire early. Thia is important, for it was practiced for | long ages by the ancestors cf clvil« | ized men and is a natural habit. Prictice moderation in every- thing, especially in eating. Breathe pure air, getting plenty | of oxygen with every inhalation. Tako regular daily exercise. Do not sleep more than six, or at most more than seven hours. Exercise the brain every day: Bathe daily. Practice deliberate and careful control over all passions, especially over anger, which destroys more tissue than any other passion, Control. nérvous fear. Learn to be af unafraid as possible. Must Label Poor Boots. Boots containing shoddy have had to declare themselves in New Zea- land since 1st January, by bearing a legible label or stamp setting forth thé materials by which they are made, the genuine leatber sole and upper and other parts of the boot not being required to be branded with the fact. The penalty for the breach of the regulation is a fine not exceeding $50 so far as stamp- ing is concerned, but to sell boots with shoddy soles unstamped and as leather soled the retailer runs the risk 2 being fined $100. eciprocating' engine would Lly never have heen invented, but we would have had the advantage our modern turbines much sooner, The museum possesses a model of a pry early machine designed by Sir franc Newton ip 1680 wlilch was pro- polled by a jet of steam projected rkward nvainst the air and a model Denis Papin's luvention of about e same time. The Investigations of avery and Papin and the successful ixpierimentnl engines of Thomas New- fuen in 1705 with his piston and finder soon followed. Newcomen's fideas were improved by James Watt in 560, who 21so introduced the high pressure engines, the condenser and Jater the double activg engine. The evelopwent of the engine was advanc- d by Cuguot, Evans, Hornblower and 'Murdoch. A model of the latter's en- bgine is on display in the museum. ' As the result of a wager made by a 'resident of Merthyr Tydfil, an Impor- df tant iron town of South Wales, that could convey a load of iron nine les by the power of steam aloue chard Trevithick made the first en: fine to run on rails in 1808 and won tbe wager for his employer the tiekt year. Trevitbick, it lias been- claimed, fed the stationary engine built in 1800 by Oliver Evans, an American, Who was laler ingenious enough to at- | tach wheels to a scow and propel it by gteam through the streets of Philadel plia 'in 18). This curious creation, salled the Oruktor Amphiboils, was {lie first motorcar to run on American soil A model of Trevithick's engine is to geen In the National museum. as ' abio the model of the engine em- ed by Johu Stevens in 1820 and original tubular boiler. Other mod Justrate nearly all the types which p to put in their appearance soon 1820, when the Stourbridge as bait in England and ship-, efica, where it aap: the he fret ocomot' a "the John Bull, built. by. phenson & Sons of England ped to America for use in 1831 ar 'and Amboy railroad. ng to 11 that this old , railroading in America fi trip under {ts own steam "New York to Chicago, { exhibited: at the. World's tion. odels of early and his are' George Stephen: hich was bullt in 1829; ne Tom Thumb, bulit per hin 1829; fhe srasshop- ine Arabian ¢ of 158 ins TON WAY TO RECOVERY. British Columbia's. Depros<ion . Is Now Passing Over, Ht fs evidefit from reports on trade conditidns in British Colum- bla, which have just been received by 'officers of the Canadian Northern Railway Company, that the war In Europe was not the entire cause of tke business depression, fron. the effects; of which the people im the coast province aré now recovefing. Representative business men from Vancouver and Victoria almost unanimously advance the opinion that speculations of the boom per- fod in real esia'e account for the greater portion of thelr troubles. Tl ey add that the European conflict bas had the effect of complicating conditions of trade, but contend that the lowing down of provincial com- merce may justly be attributed to thy econom'es Brit'sh C€ lumbians were forted to resort to in order to meet the payments for the real es- tate they had purchased long before in the hope of obtaning a prompt and excessive profit. But ft alo seems from the reports that the days of discipline have resulted In tbe formation of a new perspective towards business generally, and the revival which now appea:s to be im- minent will find a people without illusions and with a more intelli gently directed &our:ge waiting to take advantage o. its opportuai les. These reports to the C.N.R. are sup- plenfentary to those publish d re- cently in connection w th the survey of trade conditions In Canada, which was conducted by that com- pany. In British Co6ltmbia the worst ef- fects, éommercially, of the war over. seas have been experionced by the men engaged in the lumb.ring In- dstry. The demand for building material from the people in the Prairie Provinces fall off shafp'y almost immediately after thre ofit- rea of hostilities, and has not yet 4 roed to. its former volume This those "enterprises Tacking ade- | ® Te! quate bd¢Ring, "ut the larger con- cerns. whicli were well financed bave been able 'to easily weather the re- adjustment period. At present It would appear that the millg in Brit- ish Columbia would be doing & mvch larger biisihézs if ships were available fo move the product to its destination. A shortage of bottoms, as a matter of fact, appears to be the chief Handicap. have eased off . somewhat, - the shrinkaga Has been taken up, DOS- sibly mote than taken ui, by better and what & manufscturer describes as "more. tractablé'" labor. A rem- edy for: the price trouble is being sought in plans for the organising of § central selling -agen to that operating in . {He ov] he mil two Jucomatives and fue, wodels, there are: | ach ahd car Diodels, spikes, wheels and -enives. pistons". ining qt tusy to) Fai The mill mén ¢n the coast say t stocks of lumber. all over the fare are badly In hed of Dew sup- nid by the harvesting of a {¥pod erop bufiding fesumes fis former activity in the Prairie Prov- inges;: vessels are able to clear to newly-developed . markets in Great Britain, the West: Indis and' "the 'American Atlantic poatt 8 sia they expect a businecs will tax all thelr available i In eantime, it is shown that one Vancouver is working over- time on new orders which will keep: a - considerable period, - hermen are in dally | o ders" for" lates While prices. planes, have 15¢ others or broad making. P if the soil is rich and reinfall sum cient, is recommended. for extreme northern districts. In Sout On- tario Blue Stem gives good results. Goose Wheat is useful in extra\ dry localities. Kubanka makes @xcelfent bread, but i§ not in favor with millers. Oats.--Banner and Ligowo are good, but where extreme earliness is desired Daubeney and Eighty day wii best fill the bill. | Barley~--Manchurian and Ontario | Agriculturfl College No. 21, are best six-rowed varieties; Duckbill, Cana- dian Thorpe and Chevalier (best strains) two-rowed varieties. No varieties of beardless or hulless are | recommended, but Success Ix early | ripening. Peas.--Arthur for earliness and | productivenes; Golden Vine, Chan- | cellor and White Marrowfat are good | and Prussian Blue, Wisconsin Blue and English Grey are recommended for color. - Canadian Architect Honored. A recent meeting of the Royal In- stitute of British Architects was made the occasion of a presentation of the Royal Gold Medal for Architecture td a Canadian citizen, Frank Darling of Toronto. This {8 the first time on record this honor, the highest to which any architect in the world can aspire, has been bestowed upon a subject of the overseas dominlons, and judging by the approval and en- thusiasm with wiich it was confer- red, the recipient may rest assured tbat the council's selection for this year's award is a most popular one, and is considered well merited, THE CANADIAN BORR. Only Two of Our Premiers Have Been Natives of the Dominion. What, for the practical purposes ot everyday life, 1s a Canadian? The word "Canadian" is really a political, not d racial, designation. As com- manly" @sed, "it uvertainly includes thos born: ately or not, accorded a wider use than that, being extended to apply to those who have definitely made their permanent home in the Dominion. In that sense, Sir John A. Macdonald, who camo to Canada when but fivy years old, and was the first Premier of the Dominion, was beyond all question a Oanadian, and not a "Scottish" statesman, thiough he was certainly a Scotsman by birth. But the expression "Canadian'" has a wider application even than to those who have definitely made their per- manent home here. For example, Lord Strathcona and Lord Mount Stephen were both Old Countrymen by birth, both were grown up when they came to Canada, and both re- turned to the Old Country to spend the evening of their days. Yet one would certainly speak of both as great "Canadians." So that it seems that the expression "Canadian" has, in common parlance, been extended to embrace those whose active careers have been identified with the Domin- lon, There have been eight Premiers of the Dominion since Confederation. Of these, three, namely, Sir John A. Macdonald, the Hon. Alexander Mac- kenzie, and Sir Mackenzie Bowell, were born in Great Britain. Sir John Macdonald, who came to this country when he was five years old, was born in Dornoch, Sutherlandshire. The Hon. Alexander Mackensie was born at Logierait, near Dunkeld, {it Perthshire, and recéived his educa- tion in schools al Perth, Moulin, and Dunkeld, subsequently learning the trade of a stonemason in the Old Country. He was a grown-up man when he came to this country, and settled at Kingston, Ont., where hé worked for some timé as a journey- man builder. 81 Mackenrie Bowell, who was born in England--at Rickingthall, in Suffolk--came tu this country whet be was ten years old. Of the other five Premiers of the Dominion, only, two Hire '"'Canadian- one uges that proach: a when th se was not part of Canada, but was a colony by i The two 'Canadian-born' Prem are the late Sir J. J. C. Abbott ors of cot Sir Wilfrid Leurior. Sir J: J. C. Abbott, who was Premier for less than pix months, was born in Quebec, his father, a missionary; having hailed from Cumberlaid, England, = 8ir Wilfrid Laurier was barn at St. Lin, Quebec: The three Nova Scotians who at- tained the Premiership are Sir J. 8. D: Thompsoh, 8ir Charles Tupper, and the present Premier. Sir J. 8: DB: Thompson's . father - emigrated to Nova Scotia in the year -1R44 "from Waterford in Ireland. e Sir Charles Tuppér was born in' Nove Scotia, his ancestors emigrated from the Old Country to New England #0 far back as the yéar 1635. exactly 61 years ago to-day that Sir Robert Borden was born at Grand Pre, Nova Seotia.. His Set rents grandfy wis one of the old fos whe. went from Now England pe ova a year 0. } an node al og sage gh be ar Ras Both In Dune tario; Premier, . Hen. dota Sandfield Macdonald. > ease in 1812, to. Hon Fes Hearst, the present : ila born in the Si BTR is also véry generally, whether secur. It was. 'at St. Raphael; in the 'Couns emier; ran, in the County of Tea up neighbars for they af mow hat 4 wreck I was. "Now I am heal rr and owe it all to Ro remedice, You may publish this ike. I think if more No. 7, Cape Wotte, P.E] Because your cases a dificult one, and doctors having done you no good, do not continue to suffer without giving Lydis' E. Pinkbam's Vegetable Compound & trial. It surely has remedied many" cases of female ills, such as inflamma< tion, ulceration, displacements, tamorsj; irregularities, periodic pains, backache, and it may be exactly what you need. | The Pinkham record is a proud and. peerless one. It is a record of constant victory over the ob- stinateillsof women --ills that deal out despair. It is an es- tablished fact that Lydia E. Pinkham's VegetableCompound has restored health ) to thousands of such suffering women ' Why don't you try it if you need such 8 wedicine ? wala Very Few Sheep Now. > The other day I saw a flock of sheep grazing on the roadside, says & writer in the Toronto Globe. It was the first time 1 have witnessed such & sight in the present summer. In+ deed I I recall seeing only tw flocks afl this season. It would, Believe, be easily possible to drive fof days in parts of Ontario without see-~ ing a single one of the animals with the golden hoof. It was different forty" ago. Ther it was as unusu o find a farm without its sheep as it was to see a farmyard without & A ) that. It is not so now. ways nor farms are as free of weeds' as they were when the Wool-bearers were everywhere. One of the greatest losses of On tario agriculture is in the practical disappearance of sheep and the al-, most Stmultaneous lessening of the. pea crop which furnished a large part of the rough winter feed for the animals. The crop enriched the land, and the sheep materially help= ed in keeping 't clean, Fruit Publicity. Fhe fruit men of the Niagara pen {nsula are going into the publicity business. It is a matter of educating the public to the quality of Niagara, peninsula fruit and to tell the right time to buy. They have LX ed the value of true publicity partly a¥ a result of the "Eat an Apple" {ampaign instituted last fall by the Dominion Government. It is claimed that it will make a better distribu- tion of sale. In doing this it wilk partly solve the fruil market proposi< tion, in tho opinion of Mr. W. H. Bunting, former President of the Niagara Fruit Growers' Association, and one of the best-known fruit men'. in the district. The ssseciation' had. spent this year several thousand dol-. lars in newspaper advertising. mést correct information available placed in the fruic bulletins or ad. vertisements tha' the people may un derstand the situation, Doctaring Dreadnoughts. 2» After the conflict, Jack Tars have several methods of stopping the im< coming water when a battleship has been hit below the water-line, For instance, if a small hole bas been made in the vessel's side, an appara~, tus like an umbrella is used. This f& thrust through the hole, pein first, and them drawn back s0 that, #t. will Spon like an umbrella, 8 against the. - side, ping the leak but to make It secure the handle of the 'umb which is formed like & screw; is Is ened by a nut insid Australia's Trade Drops. The total imports of merchan: into the Union of South Africa ing 1914 were valued at $156,612 500 compared with $192,631, for 1913. The largest decrease in imperts of articles of food 2 drink, of .which the values Wwers 330,080 Jou aad $35,000,000 res spec rts. decreas ,$325,678,000 in 1943.to. $1984754