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these six mudes, all the Chinese characters have beer ford ; and thus they have ar- rived at the constructién of théir written lant usge. The characters are composed of six inds of strokes, which, various' bined and if em- and it is death to falmfy any artiole inserted here, y > among them. rch cos, however, have within the last , it ther 1 y : As high-priest of the empire, the emp of hi gy with Lis representatives, sacrifice in the governeh leh ples. : i \| ictims and in- repated, consti blem, which startles' and confounds the be- strokes are the horizontal, an the dot, the oblique slant- are l) of c nee, and the mode of offering trem is pre- cisely the sume as among other nations of antiquity. The reverence which the Chi- These | ficial fluence of which will to iti ch bn more civhlized commanitise, the bene \ press what we believe for the weal of Upper Canada and the rights of the County of On- 1ario fearlessly, honestly. It isn cont seen as time 1s on. 24 plation to increase our'j b facilities by the Cauld we place Ives in a position to obtain a glance of this people, we should observe them rowin ir boats, sowing. tea, nding their ing 10 the right, that to. the left, and the [nese puy. to the emperor is superstitious, | their rice, gathering eked The td are also resol vabl -- look Tigi Ci vg the hunk | silk worms, paiutin r fa ing into elements us well as 'strokes, some of Leiwage and Koil as Javing at ii hit bovis, carrying t am) A hich occu very 'and often | times access to {| eav wers, in ir sum i a whom he can, not only y Sat iy their dae, as their fathers have done for sepasted several tines in a single character. celebrated compositions in the blessings ; as Possersing power over the Vaid . Chinebe | are the lassi and the ing ot an were pileit by Confucius id his disciples.-- They constitute the a be n rehools, and the ndwork of the literary exami- ne Ee first business of a Chinese student is, to commit the' whole of these hooks and classics to memory; without which, he cannot have the least chance of succeeding. The tert of these nine works, ia represented as equal in bulk to that of the Now Testament, saying nothing of the nu- merous commentaries that have been writ- ten on them. Great value, jt appears, is attached to lite- rary degrees." Wealih, patronage, friends, or { vor are of uo avail in procuring advance- ment; while talent, merit, diligence, and rseverance, even in the poorest and hum- . blest individual, are almost sure of their ap- propnate reward. In Canton, in 1832, there were 6,900 candidates' for degrees. ese degrees for literary honor are four. The first is conferred in the country towns, the second in the provincial cities, the third in th capita', and thefourth in the emperor' hig "The" a eqmvaem 24 one achelor of Arts, the second to our Master of Anis, the thinl to oiir Doctor of Law, and the fourth is' considered, the cream of the country. £4 Literature," says a writer on this subject, "the Chinese are by no means deficient ; their Jang: abounds in work~ of every deacription, both in verse and prose. They study Moral Philoso hy with dili- gence, and have very many interesting volumes on history, geoiraphy, voyages. drama, romance, and fictions of varioos kinds." The works of Confucius an! his rchool stand very high in their estimation. « Since the 1 ble era of C 3 whole | world ; and as superintending thé eouree of nature. We have before dbserved that the anti- quity of China is indicated by the theoreti- cally patriarchal form of its government. The emperor 1s looked up toas a futher, while he professes to govern his subjects as children. Thus feature in the Chinese gov- erument is clearly unfolded, both in their ritual and enminal code. In them an ex- act parallel is drawn between the relations in which every person stands 10 his own parents, and the emperor. That the people may become convessant with the dutie- they owe to their parents, elders, and empe- ror it is ined that the i shoul hundreds and hundreds of years before them. We may know a Chinaman at once by his shaven head and plaited tail, for all the amir is shaven from his head jexcept a long | tail in the crown which hangs down behind his back. We may know him also by hit dress, for he dresses in loose hanging clothes, with a light broad-brimmed hat on his heud. Instead of wearing a coat, as with us, his outer garment is like a blue skirt. A Chiria woman dresses somewhat similar to a Chinaman ; but if she be a lady she paints herself, and her feet are only a few tnches lon z from ty ir early compreseion by Idition of a more rapid press, as well as to augnent our stock of job leter. Hoping to add many new names to our list the current year--thanking our patrons for past favors and hoping a continuance, thereof, we dis- miss the subject, hoping' they will find a decided, even if but silent, improvement in the. Fifth volume ef he OnTARIO UBSERVER. ¥ EEE THE NEWS. ~The exeiting intelligence is brought by 'he Eurapa, that the greatest indiguation orevails - gland at the sult offered to he British flag, in takiug:from the steamer Trent the rebel Commissioners, Messrs. Mason and Slidell, and that the British a most cruel and ridiculous p To be Continued. p read, on the days corresponding to the new and full moon, some portion of the book of Sacred [natructions in public. The-Chines in fact are a fi ial people, and are generally obedient 10 their parents and to their sov- ereign. Disobedicnt children there may be, and turbulent subjects, but these fori the exception rather than the rule ; the ma- jority have. learned, and practice the lessor of obedience, / But, however we nay sdusire this funda mental principle of the government, th. end to or of doubtful good. Unhappi'y indeed, unde the endearmiz name of u patriarchal and ps ternal government, China is the beau-idea of despotism. By it, one man only, the em- peror, anes authority ; and he uses tha authonity frequently to evil purposes,--pur- poses which have a debasing influence ove: the minds of his subjects. When he uses it to the promotion of social peace and order, then he acts in the spirit of a wise ruler: but when he makes it an instrument of hi~ own deification, and the degra- remarks Sir George Staunton, ** the Chinese empirs has been repeatedly dismembered, * and again restore | to ita mtegnity ; its scep- tre has passed through the hands of many families or dyuasties ; it has been a prey to many intestine divikiuna and revolutions, and it has been twice subdued by a foreign foe ; but the reverence of the government and people for the name and stitutions of Confucius has survived every change." I may here remark, that those who are devoted 10 letters constitute a distinet and great class in the State. It is the first and most honorable of the four classes into which the body of the people is copisidered as di- visible, according 10 the Chinese political system, viz., the iterary, the agricultural, the manufacturing, and the mercantile. To some it mizht be interesting to notice at length the particular features of the Litera- ture of this people, bulky as it is; but our space will not admit this, nor would it b. interesting to the mass of the present au- dience. From tl who have written on the subject we learn, that their works, so cal ed, are mere political essays dation of his subjects, then he perverts it 1 an evil purpose. : Notwithstauding, amidst all his despotisn: od h pretensions, the Chinese emperor, 1ifro. gh his organ, the government, is not unmindful of his duties. Having thus ef- tected social peace and order, he employs it 1ls0 to the promotion of cheerful industry. -- Under his fostering care agriculture, trade, and commerce flourish, ard the people are 1 fi to possess their full aliare of the results of their labor. The surest proof of this is the characteristic cheerfulness with which the Chinese proceed to their daily toil, and whi h is so marked, that it never fails to excite the attention of travellers to that 1 pch it is made 'the medns, js ony | The Ontario Observer. over, had despatched a Ls 10 Washington with' despatch g Lord Lyons to insist 6u an apology, and the restoration to the British flag of the rebel insi The Globe of Monday, by PRINCE ALBERT, DEC. 19, 1861. INLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. ' OUR NEW VOLUME. With this number of the Onszrver, w the publication of our Filt Volume. Asis usual on such occasions- a custom which hike most of the usages ol society, has its origin in common sence, we propose to give a glance backward, and look aver, in recollection at Jeast, the way whicl. we have trod these four years past. The Osseaver has always been undei our own control, and has been the organ of no political clique or individual. While we have at intervals paid considerable sums, in the aggregate, for matter, yet, the leader: have invariably expressed our own views upon the subjects therein treated. There is no one man capable of doing all the writ- neans of special telegram has carried the letails of the steamers news throughout the ength-and breadth of the land ere this, and he greatest interest appears everywhere :vinced, lest we bie at once embroiled in a var with the neighboring republic. In l'oronto the excitement is very great and 'xtra are issued from the offices of the 1aily newspapers on the receipt ot any news if the slightest importance. In the meun- ime it is reported from Washington that wtwith ling the attitude of England, Mr. 'Lincoln's Cabinet will not .werve from their determination of retaming the rebel commissioners at any cost, while the tone of the people is defiant. It is im- portant to know that public opinion, and Louis Napoleon, in France, clearly con- iemns the American aggression. The New York Herald of Monday breathes defiance to England, and rays that { the British fl-et were to blocade every ing and all the b of a well | d weekly paper--for the inflexible cry for + copy" will sometimes from its invariable and incessant pertinacity drive away the ideas from one's pen ; and we are of opinion that were some of our contemporaries to pay a little more for matter, and a little less for whiskey their journals would be quite as eadable. country. ' The OBstavER was started on business as her good ei 5 he social Peage principles ; and while happy to receive pub- lie p we have never been obliged 18. the ditterence of i gh the lower classes. In one of the discourses in the book ot Sacred I ions, which is to beg for work. Many papers are ruine read to the people, the necessity of a gen- eral *sinianse with the penal lawea is in- culcated, and these penal laws are printed and distributed among the people. The on the art of government, and much that is fallacions; their moral and didactic works are incapable of giving a right im- pulse to human action ; their histories are mere skeletons, conveying no really isetul knowledge beyond the data of events ; their works on the criminal code do nothing more than teach by the bastin , or cudgel em- ployéd to beat with; their volumes on the Ache, >t -Ma TRAY befeatel men a dus lite literature, are, 10 a consifejgble exten, calculated to work mischief 2 the de- in gq argues, that as men cannot properly be punished for what they incur the penalty if the made duly ac- quninted with the prohibition. This ap- foun to be the general sentiment ef the hinese; and this is enforced upon th parent's notice: by the gevernment. Infln- enced by these considerations, we find in Fellg a agmeony_ prevailing ier der ; a feering which may eightened by the recollection of the lh produced by Iuded and se ni-t multi That we nay obtain adme idea, of the " just senuum nt and good principle," which sometimes «minate from the Chinese an thors, I shall here cite afew aphorisms and derived from the moral and didac- works, aphorisms that adem the temples ard dwellings of the Chinese; they are worthy of remembrance : "The error of a moment becomes the sor- row of a whole life." "The gem cannot be polished without friction, for man perfected without tials." ¢ The man who combats himself, will be ha pier than he who contends with otheis." " Domestic filings should not be pub. lished." «Let every man aweep the snow from before his own doors, and not busy himeell about the frost on his neighbor's tiles." "The torment of envy 1s ike a grain of sand in the eye." "He who does not soar high, will suffer leas by a fall." "Though the life of man falls short of a hundred years, he gives himself as much | R pain and anxiety as if he were to live a thousand." . + If you love your son, give him plenty of the cudgel ; if you hate your son, cram him with dainties." "That which touches vermillion ia red- dened." This is somewhat similar to the Scripture maxim, * Evil communications corrupt good manners." : " A wise man adapts himself to hy in former ages. common maxim among them 1s, * Better be a dog in peace. than a man in anarchy ;"' and they observe that, "The worst of men are fondest o: ehange and commotion, hoping that they may thereby benefit themselves ; but by ad- herance to a steady, quiet system, affairs d without fusion, and bad men have nothing to gain." The principal ministers of the Emperor from the interior Council Chamber, and the chief co nsellors are four in number, two Tartars, and two Chinese, the former tcking the precedence. Below these are a number of assessors, who, with them, form the Council of State. All these are selected from the Imperial College. Besides the supreme council, there is a body of privy councillors, who are emploved when secrecy and despatch are required. For the conduc! of government business in detail, siz are established at Pekin. These are, the Board of official ap- pointments, which takes cognizance of the conduct of all civil officers; the Board of , which regul all fiscal matt the Board of Rites and Ceremonies; the Military Board ; the Board of Criminal Jur- isdiction ; and, the Board of Public Works. All these have subordinate officers under them. There is also an establishment called the Censorate, whose memb: ra are called to exercise ict surveillance (sur- val' yans) over the Emperor, the magistracy, and the people another called the Court of stances, as water shapes itself to the vessel that contains it. "A vacant mind is open to all sugges- tions, as the hollow mountain returns all sounds." + A truly great man never puts away the simplicity of the child." q which was metituted for the pur- pose of inepecting all papers, before they are placed in the hanils of the great minis- tera ; the Hanlin, or National College, which was instituted to Peipetiate'a system of in- do net know, so they will be less liable to | 5 b their proprietors in their incipien undertaking, do not posses the means to act independently till the enterprise can pay.-- « Let every tub stand upon its own bottom"' is a homely adage, never more true than in the case of the newspaper press. It is pleasant, as we look back through the vista of the past four years, that thetOs- sERvER has not been entirely useless to the zenerous people of this vidinity who have +0 libe ally sustained our euterprise.. Nt lv | 'bert in that hriaf ~-* Sician bride Als population "and bum: ness, but Borelia and Port Perry hav also kept pace. Many new buildings have pune up in that period, and our town- 'hip, generally, is in a condition hopefully suggestive to its residents. There are none idle, and few depraved in our midst, and as a people we are all able to hold up our heads as the independent and indus- triols always should and can do under good government aud uninterrupted peace. Al- though our rulers are not what they should be, yet thank God, we live under the sway of the British ceptor, and "Tie fing that braved a thousand years, The battle and the breeze We are sorry to see the war like feeling that is getting up between the North rn Sta'es and Great B itain. May God in his provi- dence prevent such a war, and may our be- loved Canada conti to be blessed with A port, the Amencans could not <uffer much, having all necessary resources within their own borders, while the people if England would starve for want of bread- tufts, and Yankee privateers would sweep Sritish commerce off the seas! In Canada, all kinds of preparations for; lefence are very properly being made.-- utle companies are forming, batteries are suilding, and it 1s said that 10,000 men will .nmediately be sent here from England. A negro insurrection is said to have broken Jat South and that the city of Charleston has seen nearly burnt. There is nothing of sreat moment from the Potomac, but both mies appear-appreherisive of 8 speedy attack. Altogether the news of the day is startling. in view of the great intergat Canada has at take in the present difficulties, we think Par.i vnent should be assembled at ouce. WARD MEETING. I et IT he tbl dae TT od we for Ward No. 1, ofyhis ong) lod + meeting of the Electors of said Ward, «hich was held in the School Houre, Utica, n Friday evening last, for the purpo-e that e might give an account of his steward- ship, for the year now endirg. Joseph Claughton, Esq. was called to he chair, and John Christe, jr., acted as Secretary. Mr. Campbell having been called for, in wn able and eloquent address, explained to 'he meeting the present satisfactory state of he business of the township, and the man- ter in which the Council had disposed of the different questions that came before them for the year. On the conclusion of iis address, it was moved by Mr. Edgar and -econded by Mr. Ward thal the thanks of his meeting 'be tendered to James B. Campbell, Esq., Reeve, lor his satisfactory peace and prosperity. Looking over the past four years a few forms once familiar have passed away from this world and its triais. Here a child that seemed bright with promise is sleeping ite last sleep in the quiet grave. There ai aged mau has laid him down and died, anc his name yet lingers on lips like the mem- ory of a ha.f-forgotten drea n. Othiers-- little ones - who were not with v a few years ago have come 10 fill the place of the absent, while others from other pant of the Province have settled in our midst. Wiy, our very" advertising columns a: or the purp pholding the laws of the empire; and the office for Foreign Affairs, which has charge of the # Carel gives p to dis- honesty." " Honors come by diligence; riches spring from economy." toh ' To these we may add a few maxims of | business, which are innumerable, some of which are mare popular than others. Take the following as a specimen : " Whosyer. would ; must employ the morning." 1 | relatives of the empire. Such is a brief sketch of the principal or- guna of the government at Pekin, the éapi- tal of this lage empire ; and the Provincial government in its whole, as well as 1s parts, is formed upon the same model. -- Every governor is an emperor in his sphere, but there is Ais id oiforetien Yel wesh them --instead ing tongs] e only to es have to heaven, the governors of provi « Former gu 'inspired cau- [give an account to the e: A tion : no credit : The penal cade of thi€ country is obvi- « Gossipping and sitting injure bu- [ously very arbitrary. [tis con tantly med- sihess:" 3 " «Trade ci cling like a wheel." « A small stream always flowing," In lating before you this bird's eye view of the Chinese, it will be proper to give a brief sketch of their government. The em- peror, it seems absolute and ex- tended power. . He r igns over almost one- _ third of the human race, and throughout his "dominions kis will is law. Hence he arro- Eos ie iimelt Yau Sites, such ae the eaven ; Impenal Supreme ; Holy Lord, Most High, King of Kings, I er of the decrees of Heaven, &o. urpesiat his edicts as he pleases, and his subjects 'bow submissively at his feet. Howaverar- bitrary, cruel, and unjust they may be, none wentare to oppose him. He is even wor- shipped with Divine honors thr the le p to ip Heaven, and the people blindly worstiip him. This 1. exacted dling with relative dutida, ether as re- gards the living or the dead ; and it pays auch a minute attention to trifles. so as to make it very b to it administ tore. In this code, the extent df the punish- ment for particular crime is clearly defined, and the administrator in the same dare not go beyond the deficition. ~The minor pun- ishments ar: the bamboo, the blows of which are administered according to the of- fence ; the kea, or caiizue, which has been walking pillory ; tempo ary banishment to ad not ding fifty leagues fiom the prisoner's home , and exile beyond the Chinese fronti-r, either temporary or during strangulation, beheading, and a mode of execution called ling-chy, which means wa, disgraceful a Snowy} which cannot well be in- death," 2: a trick of | . Passing by many featiites of the Chinese A rs Se oH Saran in called into action to the ivi) of awe,' sovereign of China t0o, has the ahso- Tate dinpe as As in most oriental codnfries, the be ail public ante a on nas (from ture, after being addressed to the proper tri- bunal, are promulgated in the Pekin L our present outline. we shall hasten' fo give a general view of their pro- mingnt peculiarities, which, we hope, will fs evident, are different other people. For a long Nive they Puc the foreturars abould come. of telegraphic twaddle. We shall be no silent wi of the progress of the place, and from them we had almost said, a history of Prince Albert ds well as our sister settle ments, might be formed. - A great many persons destroy their news- papers, and yet, if preserved and bouud, i, future years, when we are old and gray- haired we might love to turn over the ol and familiar pages, and fancy we wers-- looking in the face of an old friend, Several attempts have been made to sup- plant us since the OBSERVER was first eom- menced ; they have never disturbed our equaninity, for we were aware that there wan only room for one to till so small a field, _|and that the more diligent reapei, other things being equal, must gathe, the harvest. We always hear of the advents of a new paper with a feeling akin to that which parents in an unwholesome district enter- tain at the birth of a new child. Infancy ix ns severe to presses as to little babies and called the wnoden collar, and is a specis of | some of the most precocious bautlings die the soonest. A very sensible teacher told us one day when in Toronto, that he could usually de- lite. The three capital punishments are.| termine those families where a newspaper was taken regularly; from those household~ whee they were but chance visitors, by the peri Iture and g | infe ion of the pupils who enjoyed regular access toa mirror of current events, daily or weekly. In the future as in the past it will be the aim of the OpsErvER 10 cultivate good morals, Liberal principles and to { the leading news of the day in a sufficient form that wilt give the pith free from the debris exp ions of our Township affairs and for us conduct, as representatite of this Ward un the Township Councili~Carried unani- nously. : Moved by Mr. Edgar, seconded by Mr. Walker, that Mr. Campbell be and is re- juested to allow himself to be put in nomi- ation as Councillor for Ward No. 1, for the usuing year.-- Carried unanimously. Moved by Mr. Edgar, seconded by Mr. Vard that the Councillor elected for this Vard to the Township Council, for the year 1362, be requested to use his influence, 10 retition the Legislature of this Province to ass an act to legalize all the roads us now ravelled in the township.--Carried "unani- nously. : After a vote of thanks tothe Chairman nd Si y the ting sep d VESLEYAN MISSIONARY MEETING We had the pleasure of attending he Wesleyan. Meth digt Missionary Meeting in their church. "in tlis place, last Monday evening. The meeting as presided over hy A flurd, Esq. The Rev J. Law read extructs from the Report for the vear 1861, after which the meeting wus addressed by the Rev. Messrs. Stinson. McCun, McFad. den and R. Monteath, Presbyterian suy that the speaking was gol, and Iso our respected Bible Christian n the Episcopal Methodist Missionary Mecting, lust Friduy evening, at Borelia. 'he cause of God, and the common funds raised by subscription, and tion, both financial and otherwise. man's tool and no ligee's organ, but ex-| Minister, in this place. Suffice it to wel timed. We were pleased to see our reverend friend Mr Moufeath, on the Wesleyan Mi-sionary platform, and Minister, Rev. Mr. Rudle, take part This is as it should be; ail Christian Ministers ought to unite in contribation, at the meeting, amounted | c 10 857-45. We are glad to state, that| payers of the Township. Who is to the Mission is in a prosperous condi- A DARING BURGLAR. Mr. Wm. Mackie's store, at Rorelia, was broken into, last Sunday night, and somewhere in the neighborhood of tioned. 1f{ Mr. Allison offers. he will be elected by acclamation; but Mr. Nott would meet with opposition; however the poll' will decide, $800 worth of 'goods stolen there from. As s on as the thet was dis covered, on Monday morning. the for the purpose of detecting the thief, and a diligent search was made for the stolen goods, by Mr. Mackie, and the peopl: of the village. After Searchin eight or ten hours, they con cluded to give it up; but through the untiring zeal of the bailiff ~E. Major Esq.,--the g nds were found in the woods, nbout half a mile from the store, stowed away in grain bags. - Now that the goods were fund, the next step to be taken wns to secur the burglur j consequently, a good plan was laid to discover him. = The goods were left where they were found, for the night, and a guard placed to watch them, and to catch the fox when he cume for his bate. They watched until five o'clock in the 'morning, and thinking the villain too cunning for 'them, they shoulddred the goods awd br nght them upto the village. They had barely got there, when John La. belle, lately from the. Penitentiary, made his appearance among them, with Mr. Mackie's seal-skin cuat upon hum. He found he hud got into the wrong company, and, consequentls, took leg bail. but was soon caught and brought before Squir. Lund, where he wus immediately put upon his trial. - It was then ascertained that he had b ought au horse and buggy ulong with him to carry of the goo s--the buggy he had stolen the night before, from Mr. Smith, of Columbus He had also tuken about 8400 worth of goods from Mr. Hal"s Factory, near Osha wa. When he saw that the whole thing was going against him, he tried to biing innocent men inte the scrape, and had several parties arrested and put upon trial. The magistrates--R Lund, and A, Hurd, Esqs,- found that he was not acquainted with some of the parties, and that this furce was got up by him, thinking, if he turned Queen's evidence, he would get clear. The parties were acquitted of all blame, and Labelle sent to jail to await his trial at the next assizes. rl A A MECHANICS' INSTILUTE. our readers to a lecture, delivered he- tore the Mechanics' Institute, Port Perry, on Mhused.y evening Inst, by which will be found in another col umn. Want of space prevents us from giving the whole of the lecture in to. day's issue This excellent lecture contains a vast amount of information on that immense empire--China ;-- and on that jeculiar race of people-- the Chinese. There is more infor- na ion to be gained from a single lec- ture, delivered, like this, thun there would be from reading a volume writ ten upon the same subject. Bat it is too had that learned gentlemen, like the Rev. J. T. Byrne, should come fteen or twenty miles to deliver such villages not think it werth their while|to go und hear it. This is not us it should be. A Mechunics' Insti- tute is a credit to any section of coun- try, and ought to be supported. The directors of the North Ontario Me chanics' Institute secured the services of an able stuff of lecturers, for last winter's course, and it was crowned with success; and they have not been behind in their efforts for this conrse. as will be seen by referring tothe pro- gramme in another colomn, If moral und intellectual improvement be an object at all desirable, it is to be hoped that the intelligent public in this com- munity will duly uppreciate the eflurts put forth by the North Ontario Me- chanies' Institute, and encourage an institution which has for its object the raising of our gpecies to that dignity which they onght to hold in the scule of existence, as rational and immortal beings. rr 8 ---- ee. MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS, vents it this week. It will be seen that a public meeting has been held in Ward No. 1, an! resolutions passed, sustaining J. B Campbell, Esq, our worthy Reeve. We are happy to stite that he has discharged his duties to the Township, nobly, and, there. fore, ought to be returned; and so ought every member of the present Council, becau-e they have performed their obligati ns like men. We ure sorry to learn that Wm. White, Esq., our respected Deputy Reeve, refuses \ cure of humanity. The amount of|to stand for Councilman, for Ward No 4 Mr. White leaves the Coun cil with, the well-wishes of the rate- take his place? The names of Messrs. Allison, Nott, and others, are men. We call the particular attention of the Rev. J. TP. Byrne, of Whithy, n able lecture, and the inhabitants of We shall take up Municipal matters in our next issue, as want of space pre- | COUNTY APPOINTMENTS, J. W. Allison, Esq., has been ap. telegraph wires were put in operation, pointed Local Superintendent of Edu. cation for Reach, Scugog, and West Whitby, in the place of Mr. Baird, who resigned for a more lucrative situation. Mr Buird was an excellent superin tendent, and we hope he may yet be appointed for the whole county ; then it would remunerate him, and benefit the. county. Notwithstanding, we believe this appointment will give general satisfucrion. -- = I ---- NM E MISSIONARY MEETING. The Anniversary Missionary Meet ing. in connection with the Episcopal Me hoist Church, for the Whithy cir enit, was held in the chapel, at Bore lin, on Friday evening. the 13th ins. The meeting was presided over by Dr. Jones, of this place, and was in every respect very. interesting and profitable. , The speakérson the occa sion were the Revs. G. Bodle, T. Ar gue, W. Pirrite, C. W. Fraser, J. Curts, and W. Kenner, all of whom acquitted themselves very cred tably ; aud we ure happy to announce, as the cosu't of their exerticns that the sum of 830 50 wos obtained in contribu- tions and collection. By looking over the Missionary Report, for the last year, we are glad to perceive that the Society is in a prosjerous and healthy condition. 0 A Wreck - We are sorry to learn that 164 000 feet of lumber, be. longing to W. 8. Sexton, of Port Perry 'was lost by the unfortunate wreck of the vessel Sorel a few weeks ugo, near Oswego There was no insurance; butthe lumber was shipp d without any orders from Mr. Sexton, or his agent, therefore he will not be the loser. Cordwood Wanted Pravin wishing to pay their sub- scription to this Journal in Cordwoud, can do so by delivering it before the 1st of January, 1862. Original Poetry.' A. ARRIVAL OF THE " EUROPA. Intelligence Very Warfike. CABINET COUNCIL! Law Officers Declare the Seizure of Slidell and Mason Illegal REPARATION DEMANDED ! SPECIAL MESSENGER DESPATCHED. OPINIONS OF THE PAI 35, ENGLISH AND FRENC. 10,000 Troops for Canada. NAVAL PREPARATIONS !! FA LL ; IN CONSOLS. Rise in Breadstuffs | : Hatirax. Dec. 15. The Royal Mail steamship Europa, Capt. Anderson, oom i at 830 p.m. November 30, arrived at 11 p.m. to-day.-- She wan detained at Queenstown twelve hours, leaving that port on the 2nd instant, She has '57 pascengers and $400,500 in specie for Boston and $45,000 for Halifax. The steamship Jura, from Quebec, ar- rived at Liverpool on the 29th. LATEST PER "EUROPA," VIA auEENsTOWN. Livenroor, Nov. 10--8 a.m.--The specu= lations of the American press on the San Jacinto affair are eagerly canvassed here, and the geueral deductcm 1s that there is less causeto fear a roptuid be- tween the two countries. : It is rumoured that the Cabinet is modify iug the instructions to Lord Lyons, under tne influepce of the Persia's advices, and hence the detention of the Eurepa at Queenstown. . A Privy Council was held at Windsor on Saturday. The ervey states that a special mes- senger by the Europa carries the dem:nd of the British Government to Lord Lyons, insisting upon an apology and the restora tion to the British flag % the rebel Commis- sioners. The same paper states that large rein- forrements are to be immediately sent to Canada. A large ship is loadin ammunition of all kinds for the same des tination. 'The Ubserver states that there is no reason why the Commissioners should not be re- stored to the quarter deck of the Biitish Ad- miral, in the face of ten or twelve British men-of-war on the Potomac. All the Garivaldian officers now in Switzerland had received orders to assem ble at Genoa within a month. Loxoon, Dec. 1, via Queenstown.--The erver, a Ministerial journal asscita thit a demand will be made for, an apolozy from the Fedeial Government, and that the British Government inwists alro upon the restoration to the protection of the British flag those who were violently and illega'ly torn from that sacred asylum. : Nearly all the weckly papers treat the question of the San Jacinto 1 the same, nergetic spirit as the daily papers. 1 LOVE CHRISTMAS. nize by the uffixed signature, Some Love to wander on the shore of Ocean, To haar the light waves ripple on the beach ; For there's a music in their murmuring motion, 'The softest sounds of earth. could pe; reaches A oadence breathing more of joi: than plaint, Like the last whispers of a dying saint. But I the merry time of Chrismas love, For then all hearts infected are with joy ; And whe, before he may remove his glove, We gladly welcome home the absent boy,-- Perhaps from school, ~perhaps fiom foreign climes Returned with friends to spend the Christmas times, Rome love to wander on a star-lit mght, Along the grassy margm of a lake, 'Whose tranquil bosom mirrors to the sight 'The dewy stars; where nota wave or wake Disturbs the slumbering surface, nor 8 sound Is heard from out the deep-hushed forest round. But Christmas gladness brings to young and old, And gladly beams his fuce through locks of white ; 'Thermometer could scarcely mete the cold Of that man's heart, who looks nut with delight Upon this time ef joy to everybody. Then eager children careful hang their socks, And veterans crack their jokes and drink their 1oddy, And all repose from life's tormenting shocks. 'Then let our harmless mirth beguile the day, While we permitte divis caetera, (Herald's Despatch.) Wasuineton, Dec. 16. The President has received no official in- formation from England relative to theMason and Slidell affair. The Cabinet has been in session for sev- eral hours to-duy, during which our diffi- culty with: England was discussed" with great calmness and firmness. Whatever the demands from England may be, and the English newspaper is not taken as any true indication of the intention of that Government, our Government has re- solved that Mason and Slidell shall never be given up. FirrssurcH, Pa., Dec. 16. The English news was received here with g 1 h and y fr indig- nation at the tone of the English press and the alleged policy of the British Govern- ment. There 1s one sentiment only here-- that the honour of our country must be main- tained, and no concession made to British bluster. 4 MiLwavuxeg, Dee. 16. There seems to be one feeling here as re- gards the English news, that is the hope that the Administration, if right, will main- tain the position taken with firmness, let the issues be what they may. Noone frighten- ed but the wheat buyers. CLeveranp, Dec. 16. decided sensation in this section. eral sentiment 1s that our Government mus of English bluster. Bavrtimore, Dec. 16. The effect of the English news in Balti pathy for the position of the President whilst the rebels ar+ rejoicing at the pros rallying for the Union against England, Cuicaco, Dec. 16. the release of the rebel emussafies, Written for the * Ontario Observer' by your former lady correspondent, whom you will herenfier recog- The news from England has produced a The gen- maintain ite rights and dignity, regardles: more has been to call forth a warm sym- pect of the aid of England to overthrow the Union. Nearly all the Irish in Balimor have beeu secessionists, but they are now The newa from England by the Europa creates profound sensation in political cir- cles' It is not credited that Her Majesty': | to Montreal or any other point on the frontier 'Government have determined to demand . Aguation increases. ! BarckrLoNa, Nov. 30.--The Italian Mine irter, Tacco, has arrived here und was re- ceived by many of the Spanish, Italian and French Democrats. Tacco delivered a speech and expressed the hope that Italy would triumph over all her enemies, and that the Italian flag would wave over Venice ani Rome. © Immense crowds accompanied Tacco to the quay, whence he embarked for France. Panis, 1st.--The Moniteur publishes a letter from the Stock Biokers of Paris, thank ing the Emperor for the suppression of the entrance fee to the house, and asking per- mission to erect a statue of the Emperor within the building. - The Emperor thauk- ed them, but declined the honor. Queenstown, 2nd.--The 7Vmes city ur- ticle of the 30th November, shows that the fall of 2 per cent. in consols, and 4 to 5 per cent. in shares, while the question of actuul war is altogether indicated 18 not justified by the nature of the case. Between January and March, 1854, when a war was declared against Russia, and consols went fiom 93% to 80 ; and within two months they had re covered to 913, yet the rate of disconnt at the time of theoutbreak was nearly twice as high as at present, and the stock of buliion att' @ Bank was iderab'y lower. 'Il h the entire struggle the value of money was unaltered beyond the vxtent of one per cent. The position of the Federal States of Ameri- Larase." i . --| 02 18 wlmost i 5 it every ¢ ns re point with that which was accupied towards american IWar IJLeWH. [vs by Russid. Russia had a hostile tariff while we looked to her fir a large portion of our gi | supply of breadstufis; but there is this peculiarity in our present caso | that the commencement would be by break- ing up the blockade of the Southern ports, and at once set free our industry from the anxiety of a cotton famine, and sure pros- perity to Lancashire through the winter, at the kame time we shall open our trade to 8.000,000 in the Confederate States who desire nothing better than to be our cuse tomers with respect to necessary considera- tions. Also, the contract between the two periods ir all in our favor. The Privy Council held by Her Majesty on Saturday last, was for the purpose of issuing an order prohibiting the export from the United Kingdom or carrying coastwire of all gunpowder, saltpetre, nitrate ol soda, and brimstone. ; The Queen's proclamation ie published in the London Gaswette extraordinary. ° On Friday the Cabinet, directed Lord Russell to prepare his despatet for Lord Lyons. On Satmday the Ministers met again to revise and finally neftle its terms, and it wan sent off the same evening. The Times und d that this municati ation, {though couched in the firmest language, presumes that the Federal Government will not refuse to make hononrable reparation for an illegal act. The TYmes has but small hope of rnch disavowal. At the date of the last despatches the act of the captain of the San Jocinfo had been accepted by the Northern public. Tie New York journals were urging his promo= tion, that a naval officer had the spirit to hoard a British vessel and carry off rebels is enongh to ensure a storm of popularity. '| By the tiie Earl Russeli's despatches arrives, the multitude may have already declared to the Government the treatment which Capt. Wilkes is to receive. It be- comes ns to be prepared for an unfortunate issue in Canada in case of war with the Northern States. The Times adverts to Mr. Seward's recent instructions to the peo- ple near the Canadian frontiers. Th: only inference wae that he was about tof rce a quarrel with England, ~~ The Times says the wireat ccur = for 'Canada will be to prepare; tolet he: a "nce discipline her miliha "aud _emulae the mother country by drilling a volunteer a my. Montreal only wants stout hearts and zeal- ous hands to be safe until the spring ret irs, when we can make it secure. The dancer is lest Canada should-net rely téo much on us, nor tao little upon herself, with guna and *