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a e.again the eve ely. fruits anges such as fermentation, MICro organisms are not pre- b "added. The y the or flavoring, Heating 'the harmful mo keep others from | wh vo vay caning | ithe oon gt fruit, cover it the raw syru Tves include jam, jellies and . Magy If a fruit product con- tains 70 per cent. of sugar, by weight, 'molds and yeast cannot live in i "Hence, if a person knows the weight "of the ingredients put in a preserve 1 28 well as the yields of the preserve one can usually predict whether the. : Product will keep. Take the follow- * Weight of fruit ........ 10 Ibs. Weight of sugar ........ 10 Ibs. _ Total ingredients ..... 20 Ibs. Go Yield of jam ........... in evaporation ..... 55 Ibs. Thus 14.5 Ibs. of jam contains 10 | tural Ibs. of sugar or 68.9 per cent. this may be added 3 per cent. for the sugar naturally contained in 'the fruit, making 71.9 per cenb, sugar |: This should keep, A drop of water on the surface of a : itd dilutes that point and At at ih due to 24 3 *] 0st, important fact ] h 14.5 Ibs. | turning x clean silverware, re | tin paste and rub briskly, then wash in hot water, 60 7 |! Things Worth Remembering. | with hot. vin 8 pea ey sin ply coring 8 them, HE the gin- Toot and boil with the sugar and { pear, and. four tablespoonfuls of wa. ter for one hour. ' Boil the lemons whole in a little water till bender, then cut up in 'small bits, removing 'the seeds, and add to the pears and boil. one hour longer. Can in jelly Jars or tapped Sans. 'Peach' ngoes.--Use: the freestone peaches, pare with silver knife as thin a ling 'as possible. Fill the cavity with the following mix. 'ture : | Gut one. mus- on_celery seed pepper er care- made as negar ) ounces 1ift from the Syrup Jars. Cook the syrup until slightly Sick, then pour over. the peaches and 8 a_i Baking Soda Uses. There are numerous uses to which baking soda can be put, apart from the accustomed and legitimate ones of cake and bread ma First of all, it 1s an excellent family remedy for scalds. When milk is on the point of sour a pinch of baking soda in it will restore it to its na. dropped ; same , while if a way will shine like ery Fm, burner is boiled for half an hour in and water. it will cause the amp to burn with 'renewed bril- Soda is also excellent to Make it into a To remove paint from glass rub Ether is good for removing grease | tains from clothing To prevent accidents, painb the bot- tom cellar steps white, . All suet puddings should be cooked a long time to make them, digestible. Add a tes poonful of salt do star on teas ch, making, if a gloss is desired on large : Cut 'in halves 'and remove the sebd. | the | vale of money. ar and press in t shine will disappear, gar leaves no stain; ; 3 all Sponge the size of an oran e found very practical have to wash the little ones with, be More MeSistactory than. a cloth. . Tie | nN astring so it can he h dry after using. a ibn RD Se, MOTORCYCLE FIRE ENGINES! Carries Apparatus and a Crew of Two Fire-Fighters, The motorcycle, which guished itself as a family '& bearer of despatches. has distin. vehicle and for che " § : Fae le 0 men. Tt thus provides a light, speedy mobile unit which can 'make fast time to Biase ais ea ize in nception manned by "check a serious by virtue of. sheer | --i Costs More, "I've tried to teach my boy the " "Good tid Ll : "Well, T don't know. He used to bub now he community that Shey have helped to - | Preserve, The. nsions that are due them will be an assistance but never , happen to come across? | that they may do the best for them- il the scene of a fire, | restful place?" :| folks began comin' here fer to rest." Te- the peaceful work of the a substitute for honest livelihood in the days that lie before them. Do we quite realize that our coun- try, till lately, no organized sys- tem established to turn to civil life? And do we realize the waste of good human material and ability that the country would suffer from, if they were left, untrained and unaid- ed, to remain idle or to pick up a casual or temporary job they might In France, skilled scientists are set apart by the Government to devote their whole time to directing and training the permariently disabled so selves, The same problems in Canada are being met by the same wise con- trol, and will be sdlved, we have every reason to hope, under the guidance of r fitting these men |! in Svolding the worn off ny varie fabri The most expensi ive TEs ns hem, and that they come in t, at speeds varying from iles an hour, with the hard they will, of course, eventually give way, but the life of tires can be great- y prolonged by the exercise of care commonest causes of * Chafed sides, in which the rubber is \ off the sides of the tires leav- brie bare, is due almost n- to running in ruts on coun- try roads, or rubbing them againt A wheat' town. When this.con- "dition sets. in they soon get beyond repair if not attended to, Chattig can be prevented by. keeping out the ruts and away from curbs. As soon as chafed sides are noticed the tire should be repaired. Scuffing maybe due to several caures, such as improperly adjusted brakes, or quick blowout results, : over rough or stony ground and pro- per inflation will provide against this trouble, Eaten can be done for a short distance with- out seriously i ng the rim, though afterward -it is to carefully ex- amine it and see that it is not bent, as this may again result in rim cutting." Chain cutting results more frequently in cases where the chains are tight, They should be left slightly loose, so that they will move around, to some extent and prevent the strain which the tire suffers when passing over stopping, in which case the car skids the Military Hospitals Commission. It is the business of every true! Canadian to help the Commission and its Provincial auxiliaries by backing | up its efforts to restore these men's capacity, and by helping to 'get them work 'they can do with profit to them- selves and to the country. preisanee---- Strong Point, "Why have you never married, colonel 7" "Because I feel that a man cannot be a good husband and at the same time a good warrior." "You overlook the advantage of be- ing always in training." © -- Times Changed. Newcomer (at resort)--"Is this a Native--"Well, it used ter be until ----pes 0 Girls who want to marry are always looking in shop windows for new 'brands of bait. For every million tons of coal mined behave for ten cents, wants a quarter," 'four or five men are killed and from 560 to 600 injured. Road Construction and Maintenance The Part Played by Refined Tars in Modern Road Building. By J. RANDALL It is a well recognized fact among highway engineers that one great cause of the disintegration of water- bound macadam and gravel macadam roads is "internal attrition." upper part of the road backward. The same is also true in the case of horse- drawn vehicles, only here the "thrust" is under the horses. feet, This "thrust" causes a slight rubbing of one stone on another in the wearing course of plain macadam roads, which in a comparatively short time causes internal wear, and results in the formation of depressions and hol- lows, even though the foundation may be still firm and unyielding, . To overcome this difficulty, dense, heavy, refined tars have been used as a "binder" for many years in Eng- land and France, and for about twelve years on this continent. Abroad, the method followed 'has beén to mix the crushed stone or slag with the heavy refined tar (at: boiling temperature) and place the mixture on the prepar- ed foundation, consolidating the whole with a suitable roller. ' This 'method has been followed on this continent to some extent, but the greater percent- age of "tar macadam" is built by the penetration [ete diy this case, the ) upon the pre- REA 'grouted" with 'the | tar, at approximately ROBERTS, B. Sc. than the corresponding plain mac- adam, depending on length of haul of material, width of roadway, ete. In considering the question of road cost on a five-year basis, or longer, which is really the proper method, it has been proven many times that this ex- tra initial outlay is more than justi- fied. The consideration of road costs over an extended period brings up the question of maintenance, the import- ance of which is only just beginning to be recognized by the average muni- 14 along, wearing the rubber off on the hard surface of the road and leaving the fabric bare. Quick starting may have the same effect. Driving around corners at high speed, so that the car skids, or allowing the wheels to get out of alignment, so that the tire is ! subjected to a zig-zag motion while | in contact with the road, are also pro- | lific causes of scuffing. To prevent | this condition care should be taken to have the wheels in alignment, to have the brakes and steering gear properly adjusted, to slow up while rounding corners, and to avoid using the clutch in a jerky manner. Cuts and Bruises. Unless small deep cubs are attended to as soon as they are inflicted on the tires, sand and dirt and water work their way into the wound. With every revolution the cut is expanded, them from always coming in exactly the same place. . Blowouts if the tire is in good eon- dition, ere always due to overloading. They also result from inattention to 01t~, which allow the access of sand, 'so that the fabric is damaged until the tire cannot stand ordinary air pres- sure. Blowouts also result some- times from insufficient inflation, and from damaged tubes which may havé become slightly worn by béing kept loose in a box before being used. . The most common cause of tire trouble in under-inflation. It is wise economy to purchase a pressure gauge. The following pressures are recommended * for the different sizes of tires: Three-inch tire, 60 1bs.; three and one-half inch: 70 lbs.; four-inch, 80 1bs.; four and one-half inch, 90 1bs., and five-inch, 100 Ibs. Lack of attention to small injuries when they first appear, together with the foreign matter sucked in, and a grinding motion is set up which we the tires to pieces. This trouble is ! known as disintegration, and is pro-' reckless driving over rough reads, are also prolific causes of tire trouble. ~--Farm and Dairy. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL INTERNATIONAL LESSON "OCTOBER 1. Lesson I.-- A Plot That Failed--Acts 23. A very large escort for one pri- sonep, but Lysias was determined that a Roman citizen should not be mur- dered = by these hated sectaries. A Roman cohort would include a con- tingent of all kinds of troops--regul- ar infantry, cavalry, and miscellane- ous native troops. The exact mean- ing of the word rendered spearmen is not known. Caesarea, on the coast, 23. Golden Text. Jer. 1. 19. Verse 14. Chief priects--More ex- actly, high priests, a close oligarchy including, besides the acting pontiff living, ex-high priests and priests be- longing to the two or three families from whom the government selected the new 'one. Of course in Jewish eyes the office was for life, but they had to be content with keeping it in the families which had held it since the Maccabees. Curse--Greek, ana- th ; the formula would be, "God cipal official. Tar d h be watched closely during the first year of its life, as this is the most critical period. , Any weaknesses 'which develop, such as formation of depressions, or buckets, due to poor foundation, or lack of sufficlent "binder," should be repaired at onge, 80.that the whole road will wear dni. formly. r a comparatively heavy mixed traffic, composed of both horse-drawn and motor driven vehi- cles, light annual applications of. light refined tar (cold application) with sand covering, give the most econo- mical maintenance. The use of refin- ed tar in both construction and main. tenance prevents in greater measure the formation of dust from the road itself, which helps the maintenance 'thereby, owing to the retention of the road material in place, eliminates 'the cost of water sprinkling where 'such would otherwise be necessary, and also prevents the formation of mud in wet weather. ey It might be thought to be more 'economical to build a plain macadam .road and maintain it by surface treat. ture. "The road is then the choice lies between the two, that | the road as a tar bound macadam in 'ments-of refined tar, than to build he first place. This might be true nder very light traffic conditions, ut it is generally conceded, where locations where r practically all 116. do 'so to me, and more also if I eat, or drink before we have killed Paul." 15," With' the council--The Sanhe- drin, which contained many well dis- posed to Paul, was only to be asked; to pass a resoultion requesting Lysias was the seat of government. 24. Felix--Antonius Felix, procura- tor of Judaea from about A. D. 52. He and his powerful brother Pallas were freedmen. Tacitus says that he "wielded royal power with the spirit of a slave, with unbounded cruelty and lust." ---- ee QUAINT OLD WALLS. Furnish One of the Charms of Eng- lish Countryside. The stone walls of the Cotswolds, in England, one of their most per- sonal charms, are called "mounds." As in New England, they border the roads everywhere. The conventional hedgerows are still planted, in this part of the 'coun- try, only to divide field from field. But New England farm folk never to give them a further opportunity of examining the case. Signify--Rath- er too peremptory a word; it only im- plies putting a suggestion before the officer, who, of course, could grant ip or refute it as he pleased. Comes near--The Sanhedrin therefore would not be suspected of complicity, 16. Paul's nephew is the only rela- tive of whom we hear. He must have been deeply interested in his uncle, and employed great shrewdness in getting this information: a rela- tive of Paul's was the last pergon to pick it up casually. The case with which he secured access to Paul shows that the apostle was no longer in rig- orous confinement. 17. Young man--The term used" in verses 18 and 22 is slightly different. Paul speaks of his nephew to the cen- turion with lecs familiar tone. 19. Lysias's interest in Paul, and his determination to see fair play, be- comes apparent. / 20. As though thou wouldest--It is better to follow one of the two great- est MSS, and by altering one letter read as though it (the Sanhedrin) would, ete. This agrees 'with verse ] Lysias would not "take Paul down to the because he wanted to get mare exact knowledge over his head knew how to build a "dry" wall like this. It is of fairly even stones, laid without mortar--in fact, with hardly a chink 'where mortar could be in- serted. Some surfaces are marked by a sort of rough string course, and for coping the top stones are set up on end close together. It must be admitted that a shelf of asphalt occasionally replaces them, and is not beautiful. But far more often you get, by way of variety, a primitive battlement of mud, in which seeds find lodgment and where they begin at once to weave a curtain of falling verdure and moss and to fill all the crannies with green as years go by, so that the "mound" becomes really what it is called, and. is hardly distinguish- able from the massive granite and earthenwork , walls of the Cornish roadsides. ¢ 2 ---- ee ie ; BREATHE UNDER WATER: Apparatus Makes a Life #r ; Doubly Useful, A novel life preserver has b vised to supplement the ordi Jacket in rough water. By its person in distress is able to by even when the waves sweep ov head. The appliance adds to! t r e the water ' the spout for mber is still clear and