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ee | i : & z Ee 3 1] i f ; : d : . E : <a : "Apart from cooking th ¢ ; for fats, one wo- writes that she makes her own she gd Yd says, "as to make e 8 yellow or pink. They e warmth of the dinner- of these in dainty candle- tiny add to its ply utilize the bits of ly thrown away. A candle sts but a dollar. Ten cents' wick lasts a long time. Color- ed candles, to buy, are very expensive, HE 5gg%? Hi : i 4 I £ Ii \! ic 2 as quality if one lives a long distance from market. + For household soap melt six pounds of clean, rendered fat in = large pan. ne can of ordinary lye in a and and dry. | pounds of soap at the cost of the lye. salér-~ Stir, then add one cup cold water. Place on stove and stir until thick. 'When cool add two sliced ban- anas and pour in crust. Cover with meringue made with the beaten white of one egg and two tablespoons sugar, Set in oven to brown. Cranberry Recipes. Cranberry Marmalade--Two pounds cranberries, one and one-half pounds brown sugar, twelve ounces stoned raisins, juice of one orange, one and one-half teaspoonfuls of mixed spices (cloves, ginger and cinnamon), one- half cup vinegar. Pick over the ber- ries and wash them well, then put] them into an agate saucepan together- er with the other ingredients. Bring ' very gently to a boil and cook slowly, until tke consistency of a stiff mar- malade. Put into sterilized glasses, seal #4. Yeep in a cool, dry place. Baked 'Cranberry Pudding. placing them fill in with 'Stew the berries until quite soft, us- \ ing as little water as possible. Rub them through"a fine sieve. Chop the raising coarsely, add them and the but- . ter to the fruit puree and stir well together until the butter is melted. © Mix in the sugar, cinnamon, orange juice and well-beaten egg. Pour into the lined dish and bake for fifteen | world, and still i TI Useful Hints. . A cabbage should always be, boiled in two waters. An excellent cake is made with boil- ed raisins. The bone in real lamb chops very small and short. The house fern should not have the sun shining on it. Linen pillow sips are a great com- fort to an invalid. A good and simple dessert is boil- ed rice and stewed figs. Graham bread has in it three times ag much iron as white bread. Hot cornmeal mush with eream is a very good winter breakfast cereal. V Excellent gems can be made of oat- mi that useful cereal left. Left-over fish can be creamed 'and is After putting buttered paper in the cake pans, sprinkle in just a little flour. This will keep the cakes from sti A little alcohol rubbed on quickly will clean a dirty window better than soap suds; ammonia in wash water is equally good. >? ana AN"APPEAL TO THE FARMER. Hon. Mr. Burrell Says Agriculture of First Importance in Winning War. . For two years and a half, war, red has raged through the no decision has been There is reason to hope that 1917 closes the struggle for will have been won, or greatly advanced. Amid the varying phases "| of thie titanic conflict the fact stands | out. more clearly than ever that agri- culture is of supreme importance. Ex- measures are being taken illied countries to increase and £ and rather difficult to get in good eal whenever one has a cupful of odor. | varieties " throughout the province. ,| Farmers who wish to locate seed of ri "have mot grown crop are studying th 'returns for money yield per acre can be increased, "pecially so under the present enor- mously increased demand for foed cer- | eals, Food must be produced in greater quantities in 1917 if shortage is not to be felt by a tion about it. The London Statist, | in a recent issue declares that on ac- count of a shortage of feed, there is, ! an under-supply of over a million pigs in the sties of England, resulting in| 1 scarcity and dearness of pork, bacon, {ham and sausages. Even Ontario's figures show a relative shortage in the production. of meat animals over | years gone by. The shortage of food of every and all kinds must be felt, and everything that can be done to spur up the acreage yields of the food cereals will accomplish just that much to help solve the great and general problem of food shortage. Ontario, with over 14,500,000 acres of eleared, cultivatable land, has an acreage of a little less than 119,000 acres of spring wheat. This is not one acre per farm, The yield of spring wheat over the whole provinee, veries between 18 and 19 bushels per aere, Now, there is reason to be- lieve that with a little expenditure of labor, and with a little careful plan- ning, it would be possible to eonsid- ezebly increase the acreage of spring wheat to the substantial profit of the farmer, and to the benefit of the in- habitants of this province and to the whole Dominion. The following few suggestions are offered : (1) Get seed of a good variety, and then sow quality seed. Possibly no oné in Ontario has a better specific knowledge of relative varieties suit- able for growing under Ontario con- ditions than Prof. C. A. Zavitz of On# tario Agricultural College. Prof. Zavitz, after testing a number of var- severe large | percent of society. There is no ques- | gE gs the chances for 'know to increase wheat yields from 40 invested to 60%. Not only does it increase the itotal yield, but it materially improves g wheat are interest- | the quality of the resulting wheat. The ed in any suggestions as to how the fertilizer should be of an analysis to es- [make up for the weaknesses of the oil, and to supply a proper balance of plantfood most needed by the crop. For instance, for fertilizer should emp phosphoric a-~id, as well as supply a fair amount a grain crop, the A RY 1 AN A : Bb the service of our farmer tative best possible crops of sort. failure of some you losing hard-earned money throu . The expert advice of Professor able to you free of charge through particularly fitted for this crops. He is a graduate a time taught in that splendid I The object of this new department Is readers every sor OUrF Soll % tertile da It should be? Dots ; crop puzzle Are you the re on seed, best pei ud a ld you like some practical and scl advice on the adaptation and on of pf amine Are h pest or blight? § Il is made aval bie SEAR this department. Professor Bell Is rk, as he has made a life study of soils and Guelph Agricultural College, and for a short of the University Farm. agricultural subjects. Address all questions to Professo He is the a Aid advisable where | I From there he went to the lowa Agricultural College as Assistant Professor of Farm Crops, later on beco: ing Professor of Agronomy at the University of Maine . whit i uthor of a large number of articles on r Henry G. Bell, in care of The Wilson Publishing Compnay, Limited, Toronto, and answers will appear | , n this column In the order In which they are received. As space le Himited it is re| envelope bé enclosed with the direct. y | fly vy wi 'y that a stamped and addressed hen the answer will be malled of nitrogen, vr ammonia, and pot Necessarily, under present conditions, the supply of potash in fertilizers will be low, yet experiments of many of North American experiment stations have shown that material increases in {crop yields have been brought about. in by the judicious application of plant- &7 0s ® Give the colt industry a boost, and cidentally boost yourself a bit. Horse breeders may well take Seer lots® Castrate all inferior or grade buck lambs early. An eighty-pound lamb is big en- food containing only nitrogen and courage by what has been going on in jough for market. phosphoric acid. Not only does the plantfood improve the immediate wheat crop, but if the wheat is seeded with clover and timo- thy, it almost insures a good catch of this following crop. It is significant to note, in connection with fertilizing wheat, that in the state of Maine, where climatic conditions are some- tion with potatoes and clover, farm- ers are getting a yield exceeeding 20 bushels per acre. 'There seems good reason to believe that if eareful at- tention is given to soil preparation, balancing of plantfood and proper use of selected seed, it should be an easy matter to produce 25 to 30 bushels per acre of good quality spring wheat in Ontario this coming winter. " Speaking generally, the yield of spring wheat is diminished on account of the attacks of rust and other dis- enges. In controlling many disease of some crops, it is possible to ac- complish considerable by spraying, but this is not possible when it comes to the control of the destructive rust dis- esse of spring wheat, which annually does so much damage throughout the great western area of Canada and the United States. In considering dis- ease control, it is well to keep in mind jeties for a number of years at Guelph, and after having members of | the Ontario Agricultural & Experi-' mental Union test 24 varieties of spring wheat throughout the province | of Ontario, comes out in favor of two varieties; first, Marquis, and second, | Wild Goose. When Marquis wheat was tested out in 24 places in the province, it was found to yield a little less than 20 bushels per acre under actual farm tests. This variety was produced] gome years ago by Dr. Saunders of: the Dominion Experimental Farms, Ottawa. It is a comparatively short- scason variety and produces grain of high-milling quality. Altogether it has proven one of the most popular this variety will do well to write the Dominion experimental farms, Ot- tawa, and the Ontario Agricultural College, as well as to consult seed ists of well established seed compan- ies. . that to some extent the same laws govern the plant kingdom as govern the animal kingdom, Those animals that are least susceptible to disease are the ones that are vigorous and healthy. They are also those animals that have proper living condi- tions. eneral observation of growing crops has lead to the conclusion that the proper preparation of soil and bal- ancing of plantfood do a great deal to combat plant diseases, The rust disease flourishes during the month of June, when temperature is highest and there is usually consid- erable humidity in the atmosphere. the crop has been given a good, vigor- ous start, and the season is at all normal, it will be past the flowering stage by the middle of June; in fact the kernels of wheat will be pretty well formed so that the ravages of an attack of rust will not leave nearly 80 serious results on the crop as on a crop that has not had the early start and is not so vigorous. This is found to be the case on such crops as cab- In preparing the seed, the f. mill should be used liberally. Fan out all the broken, light and diseased kernels and use none but good sound material for seed. Like tends to begét like in the plant kingdom just the same as in the animal kingdom. If you plant weak immature seed, you! handicap the future of your crop just as much as if you select the calves of weak immature cows, and expect to build up a good healthy dairy. (2). The next point in increasing wheat yields is to look after the plant- food supply. The soil is nature's great store-house. It is from this that most of our farm crops get the foods which build up wheat, oats, bar. ley, corn, apples, potatoes and other plant products. In early spring, be- fore the temperature of the soil has ircreased to any appreciable height, the growth of the microscopic life in ® 5 par ill be conduated. offe by. subjects of general In bages, tob , sugar beets, and the like. For a study of the climatic and soil conditions of Ontario, it should be pos- sible to produce good crops of spring wheat well up into New Ontario. When we consider that this erop does not take any attention through the growing period, and that a bushel and a half of seed on well prepared land should give an abundant seeding, it seems quite logical to advocate the wider sowing of this valuable cereal [he world for the past year or two. Horse men say that they can't get horses enough. Every farmer may iput in an extra lick in this business. | When the great need is for heavy horses, it is like barking up the, wrong tree to breed ponies. Watch your | market. Yelling or otherwise abusing a horse too. . Quit it, When a horse won't eat just after coming in from a day's work, you have stuck to your job too long. Doesn't pay you nor the horse, either. An old horse was braced up and made thrifty by soaking cut hay in diluted molasses. Soak in a tight box from one feeding to the next. ----in ee 7 uirr® Cows that are turning a good pro- fit with udders full of milk are sensi- tive and relaxed. A chill will often result in the loss of a part or all of the rudder and often the cow. .. A steback like this always puts the balance on the wrong side of the bank account. |, If a winter of loss is sustained it is up to the farmer and not to the cows. Keep on milking twice each day, and regularly, if you milk at all, Feed the cows so that it will pay to milk all winter. Supply sufficient food in the stables | to keep up the milk flow and condi- | tion. Supply plenty of bedding, straw, shavings or sawdust. No cow can do well if obliged to lie on a bare cold floor. Don't let the liquid manure run through eracks in the floor, Exercise is important with the ewes and the coming lamb crop. i To get a good growth of wool, we {must feed liberally. Narrow feeding, 'narrow margins of profit, It fed properly, a sheep ought to gain from one-quarter to one-half pound in weight every day. i Exercise can be encouraged on fine what similar to those of Ontario, and will make him sweat worse than a hard days by putting feed at some distance wl.ere spring wheat is grown in rota- | day's works Wears him out, and you, from the sheep quarters. If any weeding is to be done, you do lit. Don't let the meat man take his pick and leave you with the culls on hand. A narrow doorway or gateway is a menace to sheep that must be driven through it. Let all gates be wide. reer eesem------ Buttermilk runs a close race. with skimmed milk as a pork grower, Soaking corn ten or twelve hours beats-grinding. Lots cheaper, too. Every drop of skimmed milk you give to the hogs they turn into good, sweet meat. The colder the weather the more it cists to make pork. Hustle the hogs lalong and save expense. A bit of ensilage is relished by the 'best of hogs, and there is meat in it. | Hogs fed on corn-meal, with linseed- rueal, or middlings will not take so {much feed and turn it into fat, as ithey will if feed on corn-meal and skimmed milk, Wood-ashes and bone-meal double the strength of the hog's bones. They also save in the amount of other feed needed. One great trouble with the hog busi- ress of this country is that it has been looked upon as a side show. Let's bring it over into the big tent; then it will mean more to us. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL INTERNATIONAL LESSON FEBRUARY 11 a Lesson VI. Jesus And The Woman of Samaria~--John 4. 1-29 Golden Text~1 Tim. 1. 15. Verse 5, It must be observed that Jesus was out of his way: Jews al- weys crossed the Jordan twice and traveled along its eastern side, to avoid Sarmaria. Jesus must needs pass through Samaria because of the work he had there. Sychar, if right- ly identified, was a couple of miles from the capital. See Josh, 24. 82, anc Gen, 48, 22 (margin). 6. Jacob's well--Still shown--of | rr enough, for he takes into himself not one draught, but a well! 14. The water of eternal life, here aud in Rev: 22, 1, has its Old Testa- ment suggestion in the vision of Ezekiel, in 'which a river flowed from the temple and everythin lived wherever the river came (Ezek, 47. 9). Jesus teaches that the believer's heart is like the temple, and "streams of liv- ing water" pour from it (John 7. 88). 24. In spirit and truth--And not ina temple made with hands, which at best was only a means of grace. " to Him then, for he heareth, and Spirit with spirit can meet." 25, The Samaritans thought of Mes siah primarily as the Prophet "like un- to" Moses, in conformity with their entire dependence on the Pentateuch as their canon of ripture. of conrse the explanatory parenthesis is due to the author. 26. As already explained, we may re. concile this with the Synoptists' clear | denial that Jesus revealed his Mes- in the spring of 1917. Wheat prices ' course all such identifications must be' i hship only at the end, by regardin, are bound to be high and for a long time food products will be scarce. It is therefore to the financial advantage of every farmer who can spare a few acres for spring wheat, to give the ground thorough preparation, supply an abundance of suitable balanced plantfood, and get first-class seed of a suitable variety. of wide experience, well "all ages are cérdially Invited to write to this each question and its ly. A , and address must bei claim newers will bel taken with reserve. Weari Though the twevle were not too ti to go another four miles. So Mark 4. 88, where they were rowing and he was asleep. ese are two among many indications that he wore his body out with toil for men, lo; fore iis ordeal. As he was (margin --g0 John 18.26), without a meal or other refreshment. 7. Her coming at high noon has sometimes been connected with her life of sin (verse 18), which made her avoid the hour when other women would come. A 9, It is not at all certain that the concluding t s the author's parenthes 8; it may just as well be the 'tail end of the woman's little sar- casms ; : 10. Living water--An ambiguous term, for the woman would understand it simply as "running water." The well is significantly called a spring (reargin in verse 7), which would ac- i Jesus evi g "its paral (Mark 18. 28), and here he finds "books in the run brooks." There may be an allusion to Isa. 56, 1 in the 1 Pure of Shape this as the Evangelist's paraphrase 2 saying which could only be under- | stoo later. mill RESPONSIBILITY IS HERE. | Stay-at-Homes Must Keep Faith With Men at Front. The responsibility that rests upon the stay-at-homes to maintain the efficiency of the Canadian Patriotic Fund is the responsibility of keeping 'faith with men and women who have trusted us--even without knowjng us personally, Every man enlisting for the fron whose family would be dependent on the Fund, went forward with a free mind because of his confidence in our | promise to take care of his wife and !bairns. If we have to mortgage our houses that promise must be kept. As a matter of fact, no Canadian voice has been raised to suggest any 1 | pressions of opinion that the time has come for the fund to be main- tained by other than voluntary con: tributions. ever the future develop, the fund for n raised on 'the vo This being a fact, not a | is but one thing to do--to go |