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> ~ was Lord of all pr 8 fnnot be degraded by what is done to : raged hi gi Se will be mai __ Henry G. Bell. ~ dave dried out , it would on. As it is desirable to have this cement th ! as not more than one- inch can be put on at a first coat. | liquid. How can this be done in water-tight pit? (3) Is there any simple way of re- moving the silage from a pit silo. Answer:--(1) Lowering a light into the silo will soon discover the pres- ence of gas, since if it is present the light will go out immediately. The gas is heavier than-ai*f Hence, if you throw in a couple of feet of coarse blocks or rocks there will be room for the gas to settle at the bottom of the silo and not occupy the volume where the silage rests. As to the digging and plastering, in digging a pit silo the dirt can be throw out to a depth of six or eight feet, but it is best to throw it out to a depth of about five feet and then true up and plaster the walls. Otherwise it will be necessary to build a scaffolding inside the silo. Care should be taken not to dig out too far, so that there will be holes or uneven pliices in the ~o% §'# of the silo. It is best to leave three or four inches at east to be re- moved when the walls are finally trued. = After you have excavated ubout five or six feet and have the walls trued, they should be plastered with a good cement mortar, The first coat can be second coat will require time to set. (2) There are two ways of getting ground level, and have it connected with a small pump. If moisture gathers in the bottom of the silo it can be pumped out at intervals. The second means of procuring good drain- age is to arrange for a small drain pipe to run from the lowest point in the pit silo and connect with some out- side drain. Before it is time to put the silage in, open this drain pipe and allow the water to drain out. After the silo is thoroughly drained close the pipe by driving a close fitting plug in the end of it. This will prevent thel entrance of air. (8) The hoist which was erected for getting out the dirt when building the silo can be used for taking out silage. A box with a capacity of about 10 bushels of silage is sometimes used. This box is provided with iwo 8-inch wheels under one end, and the other end has handles, so that it is possible to use this in the same way that a wheelbarrow is used. After the silage is used down to some distance, a horse or a gasoline engine can be used as a source of power to run this hoist. The symptoms-of ring-bone are gen- erally irregular lameness followed by constant lameness with a bony en- largement, partially or completely sur- rounding the coronet or pastern, The best 'treatment is rest, 'theft blister with 2 drams each of biniodide of mercury and cantharides mixed put on about a half an inch thick, and should be made of one part cement and three parts clean sand, and plastered dirt walls. right on the If * the Bw INTERNATIONAL LESSON MAY 6. ? a Lesson VI.--Jesus The Servant of All ~--John 13. 1-17. Golden _ - Text Mark 10. 44. Verse 8. The knowledge that he' to act as servant of all, The > . ant of a e knowl- edge that he was in this world only on two weeks. If this fails to cure have Joint fired and blistered. As the heavy spring work comes on, the work teams should be fed and car- his = way makes | od for i ial 3 or in the most careful way. vs yo Priory jestiy ; what are this| m4 increase the efficiency of the farm team means dollars in the pock of the farmer. Dslr : The best way to feed for efficiency is to cut the hay, sprinkle it with wa- ter and mix the ground grain ration with it. 2 . This ration is to be fed in the morn- ing; at noon, feed whole grain; at night, givé.the cut hay and ground ra- tion, and a little long hay in the mang- ers for the horses to pick at if they want it. ' 4. Garments, not only the upper 'one. In Indian language, he ado eollie costume to do coolie work: the towel serves as his dhoti. One has to visit the East to realize how in- eo Emig 3. Wau" Tecle' when ade to do the work of a cas ow him. The Son of God does a slave's , t a man cannot be de, e work he does; then he dies ve's death and shows a man d 4 Cometh--Apparently not first. The ha : 2 suggests that P 3 y canbe soaked from one feed- ay Ap BRL Peter wan sit. ing to the next if desired. For old horses this is a good plan. Docking or cutting off the tails of horses is a 'cruelty that lasts through | life. They can never, after this cruel operation, brush off the flies and mos- carries all the emphasis quitoes that make their life every sum- 501 be just like Judas to take the place wedther is rather hot and the walls with 2°ounces vaseline, repeat in about | widely distributed. treatment. disinfected. after which it sl and a new lot mage ture, after the first. Upon her dress of So that she might The Happy Never despair, Just swing, in a racket. "Oh, it's Spider ? so disagreeable." able. noise. ou Jiacp out capable of ; | mer a torment. . 1. 13 and the first thou are bo At Dominion Experiment Farms em . the cost of feeding colts rising one | year old was on to average 10.6 cents per day, colts coming two, years old 9.33 cents, and for coming - » do suc If flapped it on three-year-olds 6.08 cents, The total alte 58 santa, The total] -- No part--Com; = Ny CHoos© 7 8&5E i really can't see why beasts, should be w "Oh, ho! The very is the king of beasts. Lion's jester." Ll ve are fat when igs re far- Pp down the grain ration for two weeks. most men fail to do it properly be- cause the method looks so simple. Potato scab, for instance, is very|should be done when-the plants are 6 It may easily be sprinkle them, so that they controlléd by -using the formalin will be moist when the cement-is put method or the corrosive sublimate Formalin may be pur- ree-quarters of an inch to chased at 'any drug store and should one inch thick on the walls-it would be used at the rate of one pint of perhaps require three coats to do this,' formalin to 30 gallons of water. Place arter of an'the potatoes in a gunny sack and soak e after the in the formalin solution for two hours, After the first coat has then spread the seed out on the floor been put on, it will probably be pos-' to dry before cutting. sible" to follow with the second coat, | chinery, baskets, knives and whatever since the first sets rapidly, but the else touches the seed should always be All sacks, ma- However, I prefer the corresive sub- rid of the moisture in the bottom of: limate treatment, as this not only con- the pif silo. The first is to run a pipe | trols scab but also controls the disease from the bottom of the silo up to the commonly called Rhizoctonia, which has become quite prevalent in many potato growing sections. ment is quite simple and inexpensive. Four ounces of corrosive sublimate, (which can be purchased at any drug store) should be dissolved in two gal- lons of hot water, after which enough water should be added to bring the mixture up to 80 gallons. terial should be placed in wooden ves- sels as it will destroy iron or tin. Low- er the potatoes into the vessel before cutting and allow them to remain for one and one-half hours. ture should only be used four times Pould be thrown away It may be advisable to gradually lengthen the time that each lot remains in the mix- Corrossive sub- limate is a poison and should not be placed where children or animals can get hold of it or drink the mixture. The latter treatment will absolutely control potato scab and Rhizoctonia the same time. up. April's Way. Fair April pinned a violet green, And stepped out bravely in the sun be seen. She was a very charming sight, Foretelling summer hours; And when the raindrops pattered down We called them April showers, le is a way that April has Of.smiling through her tears; And always When she smiles the sun Up in the sky appears. She knows that rain and sun sre both pring's welcome guests, and so She drops a tear chased by'a smile To make the flowers grow. RE Spider. "Swing high, swing low, High hee, high ho! the air. It's all in a spider's life." "Won't you please make a little less noise?" asked Mr. Elephant, as he looked up to see who was making such you, is it, Mrs. I didn't know you could be "Disagreegble? I'm not disagree- I was singing, not making a You have no ear for music." Mrs. Spider simply had to laugh. there was one thing Mr. Elephant could not stand it was being laughed | at, so he took a good look at his ear, or twice and said: "What's the matter with my ear? I I, the king of ied by a spider." idea! The Lion Every kind of king has a jester, so you must be the Mrs. Spider went on with pe singing jhe while. . : ow." ayy mel 'Didn't I ask you' to cease?" whined Mr. Elephant. ase? You must never ask a "Gease. - Through all the time sin began, a spider ha the model of ie : and pains- not 50 much call for very teach even from a spider." "It's very iy to and kind of you to want to swing- This treat- This ma- This mix- ; | grandfather, or some other spider, try- s-- { |. There are two gr 1 the| and costs so little that no one can af- life of the potato crop Ye Sisease ord op to dip the potatoes. given in each letter. Write on one : I is planted; the second | Blight, oy -| is about the time the plants are mak-| Potatoes in many sefftions also suf-| Woodbine Ave., Toronto. ing a good growth and extends up un- | fer from both early late blight, til maturity. = Enormous losses are| which frequently kills the vines and . | suffered by the potato growers, all of | causes the tubers to rot. These dis-| H. K.:--Gardening is of the greatest which are easily avoided by the ex-|eéases very frequently "cause heavy benefit to children. - Not only is the ercising of a little care and time, It|10sses but they can be controlled by| work healthful for the body, but it is is so easy to treat all potato.seeds that | spraying with Bordeaux mixture. It|. oq) character builder and mental requires, however, that the spraying be started early. The first spraying trainer. to 8 inches high. , Spraying must be by gardening. used as a precautionary or insurance measure. If it is not begun until after the blight has attacked the crop only partial control can be expected. In mixing up the Bordeaux mixture use four pounds of copper sulphate (blue vitrol) and four pounds of stone lime to 50 gallons of water. In mix- ing up the solution the copper sulphate should be dissolved in hot water and enough water added to make 25 gal- lons. In the same way the lime should be-dissolved separately in a small quantity of water and enough added to make up 26 gallons. This diluted lime solution should be strain- ed through cheese cloth or a fine wire strainer after which the two solutions should be mixed together by pouring into a large barrel or tank the spray. For best results it 1s a good idea to have a half barrel in which to mix the lime solutions and another for mixing the copper sulphate. The mixture should be thoroughly stirred or agitat- ed while being sprayed, e Bordeaux solution should be used as soon as made. It depreciates very rapidly when standing for any length of time. Great care should be used in applying the spray so as to thoroughly cover the leaves, both on top and on the under side. This may be accomplished by j | having a sprayer with three nozzles, tennis, It puts a player on his honor. one suspended over the top of the row Its etiquette requires that the oppon- and one on each side, spraying both | ent should always have the benefit of the side and beneath the leaves. The |the doubt. For the boy you mention "Potato Bug" may be controlled by | it would be especially valuable. Tennis, adding one pound of Paris Green or 2 I am told, has developed one little fel- to 8 pounds of Arsenate of Lead to the ---------- Bordeaux solution angd both applied at Cleanliness Makes Health Possi dividual learn that we must do our share when we water, prung and weed; we see the advantage of erosity as we note that the more we cut the flowers the more richly they bloom; we learn patience and perseverance in working for a harvest that is worth while, Then, too, the study of the plants' growth teaches us the great secrets of life, while the artistic sense is awak- ened and trained by observation of the lines, colors and forms of vegetation. Another advantage of gardening is the sense of responsibility which it en- genders, together with the joy of be tilled and planted and cherished, takes a special pride and pleasure in the toil. That reminds up that grown- ups are not playing fair when they'let the little farmer fret and plan and work, and then calmly gather the re- sults of "his labor without even the courtesy of asking permission, much less offering any thanks or compensa- tion. E. R, 8.:--The moral value of clean sport is admitted by every one who has had anything to do with training boys. There is no cleaner sport than on his bed he saw my great-great- ing to swing to and fro and patch up its web, and finally the spider did make a successful swing and did patch the web, and the man was so encour- aged by this little tiny act that he, too, kept on trying and finally conquered?" "I don't know of anything I want to conquer," replied Mr. Elephant. "Ah, my dear sir! You may not have a web to weave and you may not have an army to command; but there is always something in this world to conquer--bad habits, for instance." "Haven't any," Mr. Elephant replied curtly. "Then start in to conquer your ter- rific temper," suggested Mrs. Spider. "Well, that's growing bettei," said "Mr. Elephant. "If you can't think of anything else to conquer, conquer yourself," replied Mrs. Spider softly. "That would be a great victory for you!" --tpe In poultry raising the farmer has an advantage over others in the wide range he can give his fowls. The hen may be a machine, but few of us ever learn how to run it right. Never hold duck eggs long. They depreciate in quality more rapidly than hens' eggs. One nice thing about brooders is that you can put two in one house and they won't fight. . Early chicks will not thrive in a cold, open coop; it is an impossibility, so do not experiment any further with it. The second brood of goslings usually need niore care and more feed than the first ones, as the grass is apt to be so No more industrious spreader of skin diseases and other contagious complaints exists than the common hand towel. Hung up in schools and public places and even in the hgme kitchen, it is a constant menace to health and its use is a filthy custom that should be abandoned. A /microscopic study of towels used in"grocery stores, hospital wards and house kitchens was recently made, with startling results, The number of bacteria developed was beyond be- lief and the worst of it was that most of the microbes were of the spore order and therefore the most difficult to destroy. These spore bacteria are known to Hve through boiling and to reyive after the towel has been laund- ered, continuing their deadly work among the clean linen. The mucous membrances and skin! of the normal body harbor always a certain number 6f bacteria. After the use of water on the body, succeed- ed by vigorous towel rubbing, a large number of these bacteria are transfer- red to the towel. If the individual using the towel is healthy, the bacteria may do no harm, even through the towel be used by some one else. But if a person afflicted with.eczema, ring- worm or any of the parasitic diseases, uses a towel in common with other persons, every one who touches it is liable to infection. This bacterial population on the towel is increased by each one who uses it in turn and every pair of hands wiped on it plants a new colony of germs. As the towel: stays damp from frequent use it be- comes a genuine pesthouse where en- ough microbes are bred to infect a county. Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to w department. Initials only will be. published with each qu answer as a means of identification, but full name and address must 'direct if stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed. Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 238 There is hardly one of the moral virtues which is not inculcated We learn faith as we plant the tiny seeds in the confidence that God will give the increase; we achievement, for the child, feeling that even the tiniest bed is its very own to! ; and its be side of paper only. Answers will be \ ' ga low into a crack player who has the' courage to lose a match rather than lose his respect for himself by accept ing a mistaken decision of the umpire.) A. J. B.:--The Boston fern, like all of its tribe, should not get too much sun, but plenty of light. The secret of fern success is in watering. Do not water from the top, but put the pot in a basin or tub of water reaching half way up over night. Do this twice a week. Also wash the leaves off weekly with a little weak soap wa< ter. J. H. L.:--A very hot oven is usually required for pastry. To test it place a spoonful of flour in the oven. ' This should brown in one minute's time. M. D.:--1. Long hot baths are de- pleting. Hot baths for tonic effect should be short and always followed by a cold bath. A short hot bath lasting half a minute or a minute may be taken every morning without in- jury. The best time to take a sweat- ing bath is before retiring at night. In such cases the bath should be fol- lowed by a neutral bath at 92 to 95 degrees F. for fifteen minutes. 2. It is not harmful to eat fruit a half hour before breakfast if one likes it that way. The combinations you mention of acid and sweet fruits, such as oranges and stewed prunes or figs, are { wholesome. 8. To pasteurize milk | for a child it is not necessary to boil | it, but merely to heat it tp &« tempera- ture of 142-145 degrees and keep it {there for at least thirty minutes, If | the milk is pasteurized in a bottle or {other container which has been placed {in a kettle of water, heat the water to 1145-148 degrees, so that the milk will be at 142 degrees at least. Boiling temperature is 220 degrees. 4. A person is most susceptible to colds | when tired. AMILY TOWEL ble, Therefore Let Us Use In- Towels. 1 - | dividuals suffering from one or more, | of these diseases are sure to be pres- ent and use the washing accommoda- tions. The gravest dangers that lurk in the | hand towel that is used indiscriminate- [ly are syphilis and tuberculosis, | Many victims of the former disease | are unaware that they have it but the | germs ean be passed on to the blood of | another ' through surface abrasions, | cuts, light scratches, shafed skin. The Japanese are, as a class, a far cleaner people in their habits than we. The poorest of them takes a daily bath for the entire body and our custom of carrying a soiled handkerchief seems to them an abomination. For towels, napkins and handkerchiefs they use paper which is burned. To wash and | ube again such filthy articles is from their point of view incredible nasti- ness. A supply of thin absorbent paper napkins kept on hand for use in case of "colds" is a cleanly precaution and a work saver as well, while the in- creased safety in burning up the infec- tion is incalculable, As for towels, those who learn the cleanly comfort of a roll of absorbent paper towelling in- stalled in the kitchen for general hand and face wiping, will never again be without it. If for any reason, a family cannot have clean, individual towels, at the very least they should be changed fre- quently and everyone should use plenty of soap and thoroughly rinse the hands before drying. Then all towels and handkerchiefs should be soaked over night and then thoroughly rinsed. The one who does the work should avoid putting the hands in the Soap is a great aid to cleanliness be- cause most bacteria do not thrive in Goslings do not need feed until they | the alkali and other chemicals which are 24 to 36 hours old, when they!it contains. But soap, alas! is some- should be fed any of the mashes re-| times regarded as a luxury. To some | commended for chickens or ducklings, | persons the use of the hand towel is or a mash or dough of two-thirds|simply to remove dirt that has been] shorts (middlings) and one-third corn- | loosened by a splash of cold water. If| meal, which can be made equal parts, everyone using the hand towel brought | shorts and cornmeal, and five per cent.|clean hands to wipe dry on it, the, of beef scrap added after six weeks. [danger would be less, but even then A humid atmosphere in the egg|the common use of the towel would chamber of the incubator is one of | be unwise. the first essentials to the hatching of | Consider the roller towel that hangs strong, healthy chickens. on many a kitchen door to be used by After the breeding season is over,|every member of the family. If th roosters are worse than a useless en-| are children, it is in constant use. One cumbrance. They are a positive in- Shild wipes is Suid washed andy and to lity of the eggs... ano 8 -smeared face; 3 should be left in incubators | baby gets a hasty dab that leaves a de- for 48 hours after hatching. . You cannot expect clean eggs 'rom tough by the time they are hatched that is is hard for them to bite it off. jes his turn at it as he comes from 1 nests; and clean eggs bring cow-stable. en a) Yi "It no one of the family is diseased, plenty of | the towel is nothing worse than a to| filthy and repulsive thing but if any afflicted um. Clean drinking-water and . member of the household is it is one of the prime 'with ringworm, for instance, that be- ing a peculiarly persistent fungus germ, it may stay in that towel in| spite of successive washings and iron- ings and spread infections weeks after Bf gue color are preferred. Mpitorm fections of the eyes and . graver posit of milk curd; and the hired man; er \must not come in contact with it un- 'more than any other one 8 it has been in use. Skin disease, af- health is «cleanlinsss. = Hands, must maladies are a constant risk os in- cleon. water. A good disinfectant should be used when they are boiled. All linen that is soiled with exereta from the body should be boiled hard. There are various methods of disin- fecting articles that may carry dis- ease germs. Tuberculous and most other bacteria are destroyed by boil- ing, a process that is within the reach of all families. But many forms of spore germs, especially skin bacteria, are not destroyed even by boiling, Thess must be treated to a boiling in which something absolutely germ-kill- ing is used. Carbolic acid is best but it is now very expensive and is a dang- erous poison to have about. Bichloride of meteay | is also efficacious but is a ly poison and very dangerous for household use because the tablet form in which it comes is like other tablet medicines. * Formalin is a good solu- ; 8 teaspoonful to a gallon of wa- fs the right mixture. The hands all the persons on the place will Te ~' thing and entire body must be.