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x «. THE BRITISH AND~DEVELOP- MENT OF AERIAL COMBAT. "\At the Present Stage There Are Three Branches of Aviation, Dif- fering in Several Respects. (In an interesting 'communication to {the National Geographic Society, Cap- tain Andre de Berroets, of the French | aviation service, now on duty with the ch Military Mission to America, a the development of the air< man's dul since the beginning of the world A "The preparation, conduct and re- sults of an offensive military opera- . tion in Europe," says the captain, "bear but a faint resemblance to those ' of a battle at the opening of hostili- es, "The extraordinarily effective appli cation of aircraft to the uses of war has greatly accelerated this radical transformation. ~~ To-day aviation Tolgny supreme over the field of bat- tle. ' "There are at the present time three branches of aviation, which differ in the duties performed, in the machines used and in the armament provided. Branches of Aviation "These are: "First. The divisional or reconnais- gance aviation, a valugble ally of the staff it serves, of the batteries whose firing it directs, of the infantry -it assists in leading during the battle. "Second. The aviation of 'combat, younger sister of the first and the most faithful ally she has for her otection from the aggressions of ostile airplanes. 'Attack the boche, down him or compel him to flee,' is its i ly offensive motto. «Third. The aviation of bombard- ent, hitherto chiefly employed in re- prisals for the aerial raids of the enemy, but now called to a much greater and perhaps a decisive role. "Although essentially distinct, these three branches of aviation can only be effectively employed by the con- stant co-ordination of their efforts. "When the war was declared the chief strength of the French and Ger- man armies lay in the masses of their infantry, in the power of their artil- Jery and in the skill of their cavalry. However, it 'seemed the part of wis- dom to put the few hundred airplanes we possessed at the service of the fighting forces, in order to facilitate the suceess of their undertakings. The offensive strength of both the French and German squadrons was very small in comparison with the millions of combatants ready to clash with each other, supported by the fire of several thousand cannon. "But these airplanes possessed the power of exploring the field of battle to an extent far beyond that of the cavalry, for which this delicate and _ dangerous duty had hitherto been re- red. To them, accordingly, from § beginning of the war was intrust- Nowadays Is to Save! Grape-Nuts food fits in fine with this .idea. No fuel re- quired to prepare; no » 'there's no waste; and the use of bar- ley, in its making "conserves wheat. ' - | heavy 'work for a girl, "| Queen's. inquiry the. "4a invitation to try : 5 the | hit a series of hard blows, but on | they came far observation 6f the movements g¢ feels FE it "The number of aircraft in use so small that a hostile airplane in the course these reconnoitring a expeditions. adversaries did chance to meet, all could do was to shake fists at each other or the! without the ig od revol , It was, however, from these gestures that aerial combat took its birth, the history of which will re- main as one of the most brilliant epics of the present war. "Taking advantage of their excur- sions within the lines of the enemy, the pilots carried with them a few ar- tillery projectiles, which they dropped on hostile assemblages, camps or col- umns. Such was the beginning of serial bombardment. --------pe en Johnny, Get Your Hoe. Mr. A. Barnstead, organizing secre- tary of the National Committee on Food Resources of Nova Scotia, has sent the following, which was compos- ed by Mr. George E. Graham, man- ager of the D.AR, a subsidiary com- pany of the C.P.R., and was sung with good effect at a public meeting held recently at Kentville, N.8.: A Johnny get your hoe, get get your hoe, Make your 'garden grow, grow, make it grow, Plant your seeds from sea to sea, Let them work for liberty. Hurry right away, don't delay, start to-day, Forward to the land with a right willing hand, So we'll help defeat the Hun, Now we've got him on the run. your hoe, \ make it Over 'there, over there, over there, Send the food, send the food, over there, For our brave boys need it, our brave boys need it, The calls are coming everywhere. So observe and preserve Save the food, save the food, and con- serve, So we'll help win the cause of free- . dom; And we'll plant, save and send,' till it's over, over there. -------- pr et. ROYALTY AT ONE WITH PEOPLE - Queen Alexandra Wields a Hammer In Shell Plant. How thoroughly the royal family is at one with the people in the present situation has been shown by the King's informal visit to the battle front and by the Prince of Wales' re- turn to duty before the expiration of his recent leave. Since his return his Majesty and the Queen have been busy visiting munition factories and equipment works. At a factory at Walthamstow the Queen, as ever, was chiefly interest- ed in the girl and women workers, among whom she mingled with her usual cheery smile, chatting most of the time--when not passing a few words with the girls--with Mrs. Phipps, the organizer. The Queen, impressed by the ap- pearance of the girls, remarked to Mrs. Phipps they seemed to be girls of a very superior type, when one of the conducting party remarked, "Yes, your Majesty, we are some stunt on these girls." The Queen looked puzzled, not un- derstanding the slang, but jetly laughed with pleasure when it was nt that what the official meant was that their experience in the em- ployment .of female labor had been altogether satisfactory. =, Queen Alexandra has been busy, hoo, visiting factories with Princess Victoria, throwing out a useful word or two of advice as it occurred to her practical mind. In ene shop she saw a girl wi a hammer and punch- -ider rks on a shell' must be very but to the girl smilingly re- ite simple now she had ed to it. Accepting for herself, Queen g punch in position one "and with the other ex~ amining the marking feared that short of the standard. There are' many advantages to a yle pitch roof on the poultry house. : S7pe is most easily built. It 'gives the highest vertical front ex- 'to the sur's rays and throws all of the rain water to the Tear, Note the straight-across neck of this [lifted right out with the fingers if you |{reezone, says a Cincinnati authority. CORN LIFTS OUT, DOESN'T HURT A BIT! ANY No foolishness! Lift your corns and calluses off with fingers - --It's like magic! : 0-0-4 0---0---0-=0---0--0---0--0--0--0 Sore corns, hard corns, soft corns or any kind of a corn, can harmlessly be apply upon the corn a few drops of For little cost one can get a bottle of freezone at any drug store, which will positively rid one's feet of every corn or callus without pain. This simple drug dries the moment it is applied and does not even irri- tate the surrounding skin while ap- plying it or afterwards. : This announcement will interest many of our readers. If your drug- gist hasn't any freezone tell him to surely get a small bottle for you from his wholesale drug house. ---------- In Praise of Pigeons. Although the lark ia rapture May sing above the guns, The pigeon with a message ° Does more to lick the Huns. Minard's Liniment Co., Limited. Dear Sirs,-- Your MINARD'S LINI- MENT is our remedy for sore throat, colds and all ordinary ailments. It never fails to relieve and cure promptly. CHAS. WHOOTEN, Port Mulgrave. Hulling Strawberries. Use the ordinary tongs that come with boxes of candy for plucking the hulls from 'the berries. This method not only does the work quickly but prevents the juice from staining the hands and fingernails. Ask for Minard's and take no other. Soap rubbed on the heels of stock- ings will *prevent blistering during long walks and will prolong the wear of the stockings. | KEEP YOUR SHOES NEAT | § 21 WHITE SHOE DRESSING little frock. It is one of the most popular features of the present mode. | McCall Pattern No. 7968, Misses'! Dress. In 8 sizes; 16 to 20 years. | Price, 20 cents. These patterns may be obtained from your local McCall dealer, or from the McCall Co., 70 Bond St, Toronto, Dept. W. er GIRLS! WHITEN SKIN WITH LEMON JUICE -- Make a beauty lotion for a few cents to remove tan, freckles, sallowness, Your grocer has the lemons and any drug store or toilet counter will sup-| : ply you with three ounces of orchard white for a few cents. Squeeze the juice of two fresh lemons into a bottle, then put in the orchard white and shake well. This makes a quarter pint of the very best lemon skin} whitener and complexion beautifier known. Massage this fragrant, creamy lotion daily into the face, neck, arms and hands and just see how freckles, tan, sallowness, redness-and roughness disappear and how smooth, soft and clear the skin becomes. Yes! Tt is harmless, and the beautiful re- sults will surprise you. ; Increased Acreage in West. Ample evidence that the farmers in the great grain growing areas be- tween the Great Lakes and the Rockies are responding whole heart- edly to the government's appeal for increased production, is contained in a detailed report of farming opera- tions in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta received at the head office of the Canadian Northern here to-day. It is pointed out that the late fall in 1917 and the early spring of this year have compensated largely for any shortage in farm labor at this new breaking.along its lines would be between three-quarters of a million and a million acres, and that sufficient fall ploughing had been done to facili- tate early operations this year. e report just in from 236 points, shows that up to the week ending April 17th, there was ° pron activity throughout all districts served by the lines of the Canadian Northern in the If you want the boftom crust of pie or tart to keep crisp do not put on flat surface when taking it from the oven; let it cool with space beneath te ; : Keep Minors Tintment in the house. ED. 1. ISSUE 19-18 LIQUID.» CAKE 12°13 Men AY NIE ind Children's Shoes TILE COMPLY WITH LAW 2 OPGLARE. LENS Safety for No Glare $300 STOPGLARE LTD. IRS OI ANCL} ST IgE 1 AS FIND THE FARMER'S WIFE . RUNDREDS OF OTHER PRIZE All Jou have to A to win on of these el o fin o or' Wh p nas th hE ol porn Sorrec t or not. Write address neatly on a sheet of paper & send it with your answer at once to STEATOR F. TORONTO. and ful need your name 83 ---- : ~~ Prayer Before #h Attack. -- | 1t 'aint as I 'opes He'll keep me safe |. While the other blokes goes down, | It win't a¢ I wants to leave this world And wear an 'ero's crown. It ain't for that as I says my prayers When I goes to the attack, But I pray that whatever comes my way I may neyer turn me back. 1 leaves the matter o' life and death To the Father who knows what's best, And 1 prays that I still may play the man : Whether I turns east or west. rrp Minard's Idniment Lumberman's Friend. Clean Black Kid Gloves. Add a few drops of ink to a tea- spoon of salad oil, rub on with e feather .and put them out to dry in the sun. Jt will make them look like new. MONEY ORDERS, Send a Dominion Express Money Order. They are payable everywhere. For Mending Runs. Stitch up the runs on a sewing ma- chine. By using this method they will not show as much as when done by hand. The mending, furthermore, will prove permanent. Cottage cheese is delicious with fruit preserves poured over it. Secret Worth Knowing. The secret of creamy fudge is the addition of a small teaspoon of corn- starch diluted in a little of the milk when added to the sugar. Minard's Liniment used by Physicians. Straw and similar material gather moisture, and when the litter becomes damp enough to be limp it is prac- tically useless for fowls to scratch in for their grain feed. Scratching lit- ter in the poultry house is essential, # but it should be cleaned out and re- newed frequently. FOR SALES EEKLY NEWSPAPER IN O » heat Daath of i has FA market. A great chance for a man it gush, Apply Rox $3, Wilson Publishing 'ACurefor Pimples § "Youdon'tneed v,p ; or any other strong mineral to cure pimples caused by poor blood, Take Extract of Roots-- druggist calls it "Mother Seigel's Curative Syrup--and your skin will clear.up as fresh as a baby's. It will sweeten your stomach and regulate your bowels." Get the genumo. 50c.and $1.00Bottles. At drug stores. 5 ARA. JBST ; PAIN erminator Pain?, Hirst's will .stop it! Used for 40 years to relieve rheu- matism, lumbago, neuralgia, sprains, lame back, toothache, and other painful complaints. Have a bottle in the house. dealers, or wilte vs. HIRST REMEDY COMPANY, Hamilion. Cea. Nik T'S Family Salve, (50c). a5* '$ Pectoral Syrup of d and BlecamPhne, lsse) BOTTLE BIGGER LOADS without extra spanning easily accomplished when you ST; = | | | | | MICA AXLE GREASE | * Use half as much as any other " Axles are rough and porous, causing friction. The mica flakes fill the pores and the | | grease keeps them there. | | ica Grease prevents locked | | wheels and hot boxes, gives | | sure relief for unnecessary strain on horses and harness. | EUREKA HARNESS OIL ** Lengthens leather life" replaces the natural oils that dry out of the leather and puts new life in old harness. It netrates the leather leaving it soft and pliable, and over- comes the worst enemies of harness--water and dirt. Sold in standard sised packages by live dealers everywhere. IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED oronto. ELL EQUIPPED NEWSPAPER and _job printing plant | Bas 0 Ontario. Insurance steried $1.60 L Ww or $1,200 on quiet o. So s 0., Ltd, Toronto, $ fison Publishing MISCELLANEOUS Y RANITE CU TERS AND LNT ers wanted. Write Geo. M. N 106 victoria St., Sarnia. ~ N. Paul ADIES WANTED TO DO PLAIN and light sewing at home, whole or pare time, good bay, I> sent stance, charges paid. end stamp / ticulars, National Manufactur nk "ompany. Montreal. CER, TUMOR! LU CAS, and TA MTS out n by eur home treatment. Ei us before 00 Jate. Dr. man M Co., Limited. Collingwood, Ont SMOKE TUCKE T 1% ORINOCO CUT FINE FOR CIGARLT I CuticuraKills Dandruff one treatment with Cuticura and see how quickly it clears the scalp of dandruff and itching. On retiring gently rub spots of dandruff and jtch- ing with Cuticura Ointment. Next morning shampoo with Cuticura Soap and hot water. Rinse with tep water. Repeat in two weeks. Noth- ing better or surer. tr Boot A Bsotna, 0.8. A." dealers the world, -------------------------------------------- WOMAN'S NERVES MADE STRONG By Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. Winons, Minn. -- I suffered for more than a year from nervousness, and was 80 Ll I could not rest at night would lie aw get so nervous would have to ge up and walk aro and in the mol would be ] I would try it. My nervousness 8000 ? left me. I sl well and feel fine in the morning able to do my work. I gladly recoms mend Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to make » weak nerv strong."'-- Mrs. ALBERT SULTZE, Olmstead St., Winona, Minn, How often do we hear the expression among women, "1 am so nervous, I cans not sen,., or "it seems as though ly." Such women should profi Mrs. Sultze's experience and give, famous root and herb remedy, dis E. Pinkbam's Vegetable Come -ulgeration, a For 1 es orty years , backache, it has been overcom- ons as giness, and nervous prostration of women, and is now eonsijored the stan dard remedy for such ailments. 4 ~~ 3) sit i er rE ECE EC CC A EC CE RC RE BN BR SMOKE SEER I a NN NL ETL 8 (ARR 4 @ PLUG [PRE CRR R P h a N NEE INL