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be offered relative to the conservation of labor during the present shortage, but it is difficult to bring suggestions within the range of the average man who has a limited amount of machin- ~ery. There are two lines of attack, first using more efficient machinery, second, employing better cultural me- thods. Without detailing a long dis- cussion of the advantages of the first, the following figures planatory. Investigations by Cornell, Agricultural ent Station, show that cultivating corn a one-horse cultivator covered 4.4 acres a day of 10 hours. A two-horse cultivator covered 6.6 acres. This of course is a saving of at least 50% in man labor when the extra horse can be added. The season for cultivating potatoes is nearly at hand. To a large extent a two-horse cultivator cap be ho to ad \ge on the potatoes and ef- e same general saving of labor, Ig spraying potatoes a man with a d sprayer can cover from two to three acres a day. A horse sprayer can easily cover 10 to 12 acres, in- volving no additional man labor. In cutting hay, a mower drawn by two horses has the following cutting capa- city, varying with the length of the cutter bar:-- Length of bar. 4% feet .... N..us 8 feet .....e00s 6 feet Jessannsrses 10,2 acres _ In handling hay, Hen Horses W Area cut per day. 3 1 hauled 10.7 4 '2 hauled 14.9 b 4 2 hauled 20.1 The time for seeding winter wheat is nearly at hand. West Virginia Experiment Station found 'that it re- quired 23.1 hours of man labor to plow, disk, harrow, cut, haul and thrash an acre of wheat. Conditions fn that territory are somewhat the same as in Ontario, so that these fig- ures of production are fairly repre- sentative for Ontario conditions. By lizing wheat when seeding, it has found possible to Increase the pe yield of wheat 18 bushels per v ) per acre in ouri and 8 bushels per acre in| Indiana and Ontario. Of course, this increase is the general average of sev- are self-ex-| potash Tons| J ould be effectivd in killing potat | not dropping it immediately under the beans : ; Investment Banker Mercantile Trust ; 222 8T. JAMES STREET "Send for list of Hydro-Electric and Pub- He Utility Bonds yielding 6% to 8%. NESBITT, THOMSON & COMPANY Limited Hamilton MONTREAL 8 and the grain fails to ripen. wood ashes' do net contain very much potash, but carry a relatively large amount of lime. Ifdications are that your soil is in need of plantfood high amount. of potash. Y you, if sowing winter wheat to ferti- lize same with about 200 to 800 pounds per acre of fertilizer carrying 1 per cent. ammonia, 10 to 12 per cent. phosphoric acid, and 1 to 2 per cent. , There is abundant evidence to show that this application of plant- food materially improves the yield; strengthens the straw and aids the filling out of grain, The Jeti lizer is Best distributed through - fertilizer dropping machinery of the grain drill. 8. Rape, especially the Dwarf Essex variety, has proven a very valuable pasture crop for sheep. It may be sown late in the spring and produce a good pasturage in thesearly autumn, Craig says in his book that an acre of rape will carry 80 hogs for 2 moi Young cattle would have to be handled with care on it, since rape has a tendency to bloat. 4. Arsenate of lead is competing strong- ly with Paris green as a poison to be used in the spraying of fruit trees and potatoes. If it is well made it is proving very effective on potatoes. Arsenate of lead comes in two forms. In dust form it contains 1 or 2 per cent. of moisture and _in the paste form, in which jt contains 856 to 50 per cent. of moisture. Its chemical composition shows it to carry a rela- tively high am of poison 'which The cheapest and best ration for live stock must contain a reasonable amount of succulent feed. An abund- Ve! ance of suitable pasture is unexcélled, and a substitute for this feed in win- ter or during a drought in summer is essential for greatest production and fy ~ \ In view of the scarcity and high prices of grains and nieals, the silo | takes on an increased value. For ex- ample:--100 pounds total digestible nutrients in corn silage has a net cost of' b4c., in bran $2.31, corn, $4.02, oats $4.29, ete, when silage costs $3.00 per ton to raise and store and other feeds are valued at present wholesale market prices. Even in these times of expensive labor, seed, horse labor and machinery, corn may be placed in the silo at the above cost. Surely this is sufficient reason why every live stock farmer should consider the in- crease in silage production. The adaptability of the silo to vari- ous parts of Canads depends on the location, varieties of crops which may be grown, and, to a lesser extent, on the class of live stock maintained. No farmer with two or three cows should think of building a silo, but for a herd containing ten cows or more, or the equivalent, a silo may advantageously erected. Silage is feed pre- eminently suited to the feeding of cattle. It, however, is a very excellent and cheap feed for beef cat- tle, sheep and horses. In the majority of the best live stock districts in On- tario and Western Quebec silos should be on every stock farm. "In the Maritime Provinces, Eastern Quebec and British Columbia, ell large stock farms, particularly of dairy cattle, can use a silo to excellent advantage. If any particular district is not suited to corn growing, peas and oats, peas, oats and verses, clover, alfalfa, etc., may be substituted for that crop. In the Maritime Provinces silos on many farms, particularly on large stock farms, are operated satisfactorily. Silos For Winter Use: Silage at $8.50 per ton is cheaper cattle feed than mixed hay at $12 per ton. Corn "THE SLO AN ECONOMIC NECESSITY silage is 80% better than shocked corn from field. The same holds equally true of unthreshed oats or oats and peas saved for winter feed. Silage from peas and oats produced milk 20% cheaper than oat sheaves, 80% cheaper than straw and turnips and 40% cheaper than hay. At the same cost per ton, silage is better feed than roots for beef or dairy cattle. Moreover, considering present labor conditions as well as cost of harvest: ing, keeping qualities and cost of stor- age, silage, where grown successfully, is more economical than roots. Sil- age needs no pulping or other pre- paration for feeding. Silage for win- ter use is in itself the cheapest feed, and grains more palatable, wholesome and profitable. Silos For Summer Use: Good pas- ture, if avail:dle, is the cheapest sum- mer feed. Where permanent pas- tures fail, an annually sown pasture of rye or oats and barley may, under present labor conditions, be the cheap- est substitute. However, the use of soiling crops or summer silage may ing succulents. As a rule, silage is more profitable harvested and fed during the busy season. Milk produced on corn silage and green cut alfalfa cost in feed 66% per cwt; produced on corn silage and mixed hay may cost 70c per ewt; produced on soiling crop (peas and oats) cost $1.04 per cwt. With all lots, the heavy milkers received some grain. Where suitable pastures are not available the summer silo provides the cheapest feed and greatest profits. Finally, the farmer with a silo need never feag losing a crop of clover, alfalfa or late-sown grain. Silage making does not depend on the dry- ness of the weather. The silo is the cheapest storage building on the farm in proportion to the tonnage capacity. The silo allows the carrying of mgre stock per acre on the farm and is a labor saver, a moneyimaker and a soil enricher. This is the . season of the year to build more and better silos. beetles if carefully applied. 5. If the sod land can.be worked down so it forms a good mellow seed bed, beans should do well upon it. Capeful soil preparation shows best results in bean crops aps more than it does in any er farm crops. The fertilizer you mention should produce good re- sults provided you have grown clover on the field preceding' the bean crop or applied stock manure to it within the last two or three years. In applying the fertilizer be especially careful not to get it right under the beans. Sev- eral successful bean growers in apply- ing. fertilizers follow the practice of closing up the 8rd, 6th and 9th holes of the fertilizer section of the grain drill, and distributing the, fertilizer through the other tubes. "When it comes to seeding beans, or if the beans are sown through the grain drill, they are dropped through the spouts that are closed to the fertiliz- er. This amounts to'applying the fer- tilizer broadcast een the rows, hE Ra > 5 hit depend upon the conditions. For the | man who raises 500 chicks or more time and equipment necessary for raising lettuce, kale, or sprouted oats is too great and fore it cannot be done economically, Of all the green or succulent food for chicks perhaps The Pink Peach Blossom. Once upon a time, after a long, cold winter, there came a few days of warm southern breezes, and a stir, of life and growing was felt in the air. In the old orchard the trees encourag- ed their buds to swell and grow and on every hand there was planning for the new spring clothes. \ And they all worked hard--so hard that it was almost a week before they noticed the little, tiny peach tree over in the corner. "Well, well," said the old apple tree as soon as she noticed, "aren't you go- ing to have any new spring dress? Don't you like new frocks?" "Oh, indeed I do!" exclaimed the peach tree, and she could not help be- ing pleased to have the apple tree notice her so kindly, "but you see, I 'want a dress of my own, and I don't know how to make one." "A dress of your own, of course," said the apple tree, not quite under- standing. "Now, you set to work and make one just like mine, pink and white and green." "Yes-s-s," replied the peach tree, "hut--" Lk _ "Maybe you don't like a pink and i green dress," rested the prettiest. i "Yeg-s-s," replied the peach tree, wil "but, but, you see--I think all your dresses are just beautiful--but I want | a pink one. An all-pink one. Just " - "An all-pink dress!" exclaimed -the | pear tree. "Who ever heard the like!" ES ras Seti of apple tree, who was the' course knew best what to say, "But : plow, harrow, and ctl: | ground in the same manner ( ex- ! you, for this year, since you're so young and haven't tried making dresses before, why don't just. draw up all the 'moisture you can and drink all "Yes-s-8," answered the peach tree, | "but--" ; While| '"uwoii said the pear tree, "make ia white one like mine; they're the] " I you may be able to make the pink frock that you want." The little peach tree thought that that was good advice. So she set to work her very hardest and work- ed from morning until night, sending moisture and sunshine and warmth into her branches. And after a few days of working, that little peach tree over in the cor- ner blossomed out in a brand-new dress--a pink 'dress, too! The very kind she had wanted most of all. "Thank you so much," she said old tree praised her beautiful appear- ance. "It's kind of you to praise my frock. I'm so glad I took your ad- vice. work like this, and maybe all my spring dresses will be pink." And indeed she has worked, for ever since that year the peach tree's spring dress has been pink. r-------------- I think it must somewhere be writ- ten that the virtues of mothers shall, occasionally, be visited on their chil- dren, as, well as the sins of their fath- ers.--Dickens. + H, ¥: ANDREWS 4 As 13 I SMOK TUCKETTS Ll : and- it also makes all other roughages! be the only available means of provid-| and more cheaply, blushingly to the apple tree when the! Now every year I'm going to Mothers and dau, department. Initials on letter, stam Woodbine Ave., Toronto. . Librarian:--Why not hold an ex- hibit to arouse interest in your Public Library? I heard recently that a small town library like yours gave an exhibition that resulted in a great- ly increased use of its books and magazines, The plan was first ad- vanced by a woman's club, the mem- bers of which volunteered to do all the necessary work. They had found in the library many books that were useful in helping them to make vari- ous kinds of fancy work. The ex- hibit as they -arranged it contained the articles that they had made, and close beside them the book or maga- zine that had furnished\the idea or the design. But they did not limit the exhibition to books on fancywork or to books merely for women. Books on household economy, gardening, arts and crafts, hygiene and many other practical subjects were shown in such a way that the men and the women and the boys and the girls who visit- ed the show could see at a glance what kind of help or information they could get by using the library. Housewife:--1. If wall paper is broken or marred in places it may be successfully repaired by cutting from a remnant of new paper figures or groups of figures corresponding to | those that fieed repairing. The out- | line of the design should be care- | fully followed in cutting and the whole i should be matched and pasted exactly. | If the new paper is hung in the sun- light till it is faded a bit the mended 'place will escape the notice of even a ! eritical observer. Without fading it shows very little. 2. Oatmeal. soup | might fill the need you speak of. Take two ounces medium or fine oatmeal, 1 { onion, 1 carrot, 2 ozs. dripping, 1 quart of stock, % pint of milk and salt and pepper to taste. Wash and pre- pare the vegetables, grate the carrot ghters of all ages are cordially Invited to will be published with ri] 3 a8 a means of identification, but full name and address must be Write on one side of paper only. Answers will be malled direct and addressed envelope is enclosed. A ddress all correspondence for this department to Mra. Hel and peel and chop the onion finely. -- . oe A writs to Sis a lon Law, 288 A and ite iven Sr -------------- Melt the fat in a saucepan, ddd the oatmeal and fry it for a.few minutes while stirring. Then add the tables and fry for a few Now pour in the stock a pinch of salt and bring to the Skim carefully and allow to : slowly for about three-quarters of an hour. Lastly, add the milk re- heat, season to taste and serve hot. > Molly: --Seeing that you have spare time on your hands you might use it to advantage by keeping bees. They are very profitable and can be carried on as a side line without any' inconvenience. It is better to start on a somewhat small scale and grad- ually work up. Mr. F. W. L. Sladen, Dominion Apiarist, says: "I am more than ever convinced that for a large output of honey this coming summer, one of the best bits of advice to give is to urge those who are employing and know how to employ modern methods to in- crease their holdings by purchasing or leasing bees from those who, for one reason or another, are neglecting their bees." It would seem that women are particularly addpted for this kind of work, Ambitious: --If you have any talent whatever for public speaking or for giving demonstrations then by all means start something in your com- munity. Write to the Food Board for copies of their various pamphlets and bulletins. Get yourself well inform- ed on the food question and then talk. A teacher has now a splendid opport- unity to bring home to the people in rural communities the facts of the food situation. Encourage the chil- dren to suggest ways of saving which will apply to their own homes, and receive reports each week on the sav- ings accomplished. You will soon find the parents, as well as the chil- dren, becoming interested. INTERNATIONAL LESSON JUNE 9. Lesson X. Jesus Faces Betrayal and Denial--Mark 14. 10-72. Golden Text, Mark 14. 38. Verse 17. When it was evening he cometh with the twelve--This is in an upper chamber in Jerusalem, intro- ducing the sixth day of the week-- Thursday, between 3 and 12 pm, April 6, AD. 30 The Paschal lamb was to be slain "at even" (Exed. 12. 6). The custom was not to kill it till after the evening sacrifice was of- fered. They were now all together for their last Passover supper, : 18. As they sat (reclined)--Origin- ally the Paschal lamb was to be eaten sanding (Exod. 12.11). 19. They began to be sorrowful-- What would have been a meal of good | fellowship and blessed communion is | now turned to an occasion of fear and { suspicion and doubt. How unthink- | able that one of his intimate friends | who had been his companion should now hand him over to his enemies! As Jews they no doubt recalled the familiar passage in Psalm 41. 9: "Mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me." Is it 1?7--Better reading, "Surely it is not I, is #1" 20. He that Sippeth with me in the dish--To dip in the dish was a sign of friendship. John's account states od directly who was meant and that Jesus replied that it was he to whom he was about to give the sop (John 18, 22, 24-26). is, then, was the sign, the selection of Judas to receive the bread which the Master would dip into the "tharoseth." 21. The Son of man goeth--Re- ferring to his death. John frequently used the word "go" with reference to the death of Jesus (John 8, 14. 21). Even as, it is written--Jesus' death was not a mere accident in his career, but the fulfillment of the putpose 0 God. Woe unto that man--Yet, the free action and the responsibility of Judas are not taken awlly. He was not an irresponsible instrument, though kis action is in the line of the fulfillment of God's purposes. Gi were it for that man if he had not time believed Jesus would by an exhibition of supernatural powet con- found his enemies at the hour of be- trayal and rise in all the majesty of his Messiahship. But the doom here spoken is definite and dreadful! The doom of a traitor, a plotter of evil, and not words for a heedless disciple. 22. As they were eating, he took bread, and when he had blessed it-- | Here we have the institution of dhe Lord's Supper. . Opinion is divi as to when this occurred, but it is clear that it was in connection with the passover meal. The blessing was of thi ving and setting apart. Gave to n-- Distributing to them as they were reclining. This is my body--Symbolizes my body. It] ed that John, at Peter's suggestion, ask-' been born--Apologies have been made ! for Judas, suggesting that he all the' is a violation of the principle of the interpretation of long usage to sup- pose that this was to be taken as the actual body. "I am the door," "I am the vine" are other instances of the metaphorical use of language precisely similar. 23. He took a cu were taken during the paschal meal. Some suppose it was the fourth cup, since Luke and Paul state that it was "after the supper." (Luke 22. 20;"1 Cor. 11. 25.) 24. This is my blood--By "this" is meant the wine in the cup which he gave to the twelve, and this wine is a symbolical representation of his blood. Of the covenant--Paul gives it, "This cup is the new covenant of my blood." (1 Cor. 11.'26.) The old covenant was of the law at Sinai. Moses (Exod. 24. 8) says: "Behold the blood of the covenant, which Jehovah hath made with you concerning all these words." Jesus institutes a new and better cov- enant than the one at Sinai, which was to be ratified by the blood of a better sacrifice. 26. I shall no more drink of the fruit of the vine--This is preceded by the solemn words, "Verily I say unto you." These were really farewell {words. It was the last occasion on | Which Jesus would take part in the passover celebration. But, there is , coming a time when all things are to be made new, then there will be a passover of a newer and better kind and a fellowship of a higher order. This will be in the consummation of the kingdom of God. It is in Paul's account that we have the definite in- stitution of the memorial supper and its destination to be observed Hill Christ comes (1 Cor. 11. 24-26), and the special injunction, "This do in re- membrance of me." 26. When they had sung a hymn-- Some suppose this to have been Psalm 186, which is a psalm of praise to Jehovah for his goodness to Israel. Others are of the opinion that the "hymn" was the beautiful series of psalms 118-127. Unto the mount of Olives--They had usually retiréd to Bethany this week, as evening drew near. But this time they were not to | reach Bethany--for the culmination "of the great tragedy was imminent.' 'Judas had carried out his diabolical plan. Jesus goes no more into quiet | retreat among his friends, but now be-, comes the victim of the raging chief | priests and scribes. 3 u--e a» SEP hry IY Care and patience will cure the kicking cow if the proper methods are employed. One method is to pass a rope or strap with a loop in one end of it around the body of the cow amd draw it tight. The cow will usually jump at first, but when she finds she cannot get out of the rope she will stand still. If this method causes the cow to give bloody milk, place the rope or strap behind the udder, and draw it tight as before. Another method is to hobble the cow by passing the rope around each leg behind the udder, and tying just above the hocks. This method Is a dangerous one, however, for the per- son tying the rope. After these me- thods have been repeated a few times the cow will stand quietly to be milky Several cups |