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2 to undestake, and point out ® the varjous causes which result in 'individual' deaths in flocks, and which forwarded to us via express mote Ged So us in British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan, and the expense of transporting these birds is wholly unjustifiable where the Jun are limited bo "one or two I ia study of or records, indi- vidual losses: may be attributed to the following conditions, "which can be transmitted to other members of the Hock: - Affections - of the Heart:--These are usually manifested by a quantity of fluid within the covering mem- brane, and in some instances accumulation of yolk-like ToL the redult of inflammation, Be of the Liver:--This : oc- ... curs in fowls which are excessively fat; and is, recognized 'by - sudden iudasth, 'and the filling of the bowel y with Wood. of a blood X A rupture ii 5 = brain: This disease cant be determined. only by the ab- sence 'of other Jesiom, and the sud- denness of death. ' Peritonitis, or inflammation of the . bowels and covering membranes:-- Peritonitis is. causéd by the partial development of eggs in the bowel a ] yolk material, etc. Frequently the dis- "ovary is responsible for this The above diseases: are those usual Jackel~ptay be sent by mail to the a Yetorence t to tubgrenlosis and ae biletine: fully | ap, Bubach, Parsons. . Beauty, -1 In British Columbia" the Royal Sov- use and market. Like all varieties, it has some faults, the chief one be- 'the fruiting season; there are such condition§ some other! and keep their size well to the end of the season. The Parsons is better in quality than Geln Mary and the latter is not very desirable for home use, but should be tried to determine which succeeds best in the particular 'locality and soil where], an| they are grown. The Williams. is a firm berry, which is a very popular commercial sort in Western Ontario, but is not very popular in most ether parts of Canada. It has a white tip which increases its shipping qualities but lessens its value when it is to be eaten raw. Splendid is a rather early varjety which has made a good record in Eastern Canada, Beder Wood is also another reliable early sort. The Marshall is one of the best in quality but must be grown under 'high' cultivation in Eastern Canada to. get fair crops and-is not now much grown on account of its light' cropping, but on the lower mainland of British Columbia it does well and is one of the best commer- cial varieties there. The Magoon is also @ commercial variety which is also grown mainly in" British Col- umbia. 3 ' The foregoing: are the leading commercial varieties .in Canada al- though to these might be added Sample, Pocomoke, and Warfield as For the prairies, a variety called Dakota, rather small sin fruit. but very hardy, has proved one of the most reliable, though Senator Dun- lap also does well if well 'eared for. The best varieties far home use {in Eastern Canada are Senator Dun. and Wm. Belt, the latter and the Bubach being large varieties of good. quality. ereign, Paxton, and Marshall are three. of 'the best for home-use. Tha two formes: are English varieties not satisfactory except in the mildest y{ sections: of the Dominion. The 'everbearing strawberties ' are par- ticularly desivable for home use, and two of the best of these are Pro- des» gressive and. Americus. ava any FL en An idea, like any other thing, if v Ee ree 2 Te wn tte SAS hence, - where} B large varieties succeeding very well in some places. |: ALSO AT TO Mixed" ig William Sa NY pS Alyesuna s Write in don tose re ints ENNIES: LIMITED } 349 POR AGE VE. NPIL. HAN, Sweet Mignonette Mo sraing Glo Climbing . " Nasturtium Climbing Mixed seleotion from the Reanie Catalogue nearest dealer fill your order. Ifhe o ad jo do UE RuuirSosests cannot us direot, full par 0-day. INTREAL VANCOUVER £ The' day of tha war gation SF aver and the era of the peace garden has dawned. In the spring of 1918 people plunged with such energy into the untilled soil around their houses that the whole country seemed to blossom overnight into serried rows of vege- tables. They were answering an emergency call. The enthusiasm of patriotic motives lay behind their in- dustry and they achieved their ob- ject. 'By miter Short something like $60,000,000 worth of vegetables was added to the country's food supply. But much of the energy put into ing' bulletins on gardening 1. The fundamental question of "RECONSTRUCTION IN THE BACK YARD There s Plenty of Work for the Whole Family--Bring Out Spade and 'Hoe and Get Busy. suitable and what quantities will be necessary. Plan garden on paper. 8, (a) Find out what varieties of vegetables are most highly recom- mended; (b) how much seed of each kind will be required; (c). the dates on which the seeds In order to obtain the information| suggested in the first three steps it is necessary to secure some garden cata« logues. A list of free publications be sown. and seedmen"s is appended. The Soil. . twill Address on. St. West, Toronto. The Wrong Idea. Some. parents carry t 188 good plan to let their children MARE aks ia. often St fant gen: fest itself until considerably later in life. Such damage is. often jecog- nized by the observing dentist, who can frequently tell the age at which the person suffered some. illness. is more resistent to disease and indi- In my opinion, it is the duty of all parents to protect their' children as long and as well as possible. from contagious diseases. _ Bear in mind that and are not trifling iho but quite formidable because they are accom- panied by more serious complications than are many other diseases. For. tunate indeed is the child who escapes measles altogether. When there is more than one child in a family the one first complaining should be iso- lated until entirely well. This pre- nA a if sta Currier will not mir a. 'Andrew F. Currier, care of erally permanent but does not mani- | After the age of puberty the system |I : " A REP Sed ed, envel Is en a little extra trouble on the part of the idea that [ parents. is not dandruff, write me again. N.. M.--My upper Hp constantly puffe and swells so that it interferes with my spcech. Which of these causes do you think it comes from: _ Three years ago I was operated upon for cancer on the lip and in order to cough| prevent recurrence, they cut not only the cancer out, but the glands on the side of my neck; I have also had pyorrhoea and other trouble with my teeth--now can you tell me what causes the lip to swell? Answer--The operation has inter. fered with the circulation of the parts. The teeth have nothing to de with it. Try X-ray treatments for caution can always be arranged with |it. ere 'addition, it is advisable to have some if the garden includes potatoes. I 2. The second step relates to the crops which are to be grown. Some gardeners make the mistake of grow. ling too much of one kind of vege- table because it happens to be par- ticularly easy to raise. For instance, carrots and beets yield well, and a few rows will supply a household's needs for the winter. Corn is a de- Mcious summer vegetable, but is not very profitable for the small garden. Peas, also, although popular, occupy too much spece for the yield they give. Therefore, if one has to cut down on vegetables for lack of space, it is well to remember that there are certain varieties which take up too much room for the returns they give. 8. The third step relates to the best varieties of vegetables. A great deal of experimental work has been undertaken to find out what varieties are best suited to the home garden, and much information on this subject is available in pamphlet form. It is well to remember that there is a vast difference in varieties. Take pota- toes, for instance. Some varieties yield twice as much as others, and the householder who fails to plant the right kind may find his supply of potatoes exhausted before the winter is half over. A good thing to remember in the case of the potato is that the source of the seed is an important factor in the yield. Local seed should never be planted if seed m a more northerly location is obtainable. Prodigal sowing of seed means a great wastage annually, and the be- ginner is usually the trensgressor in this respect. There is no advantage in sowing seed too thickly if it is bought from a reliable seedman. For instance, carrots and parsnips, if sown profusely, have to be thinned out several times. This only entails additional work. In the case of beets and onions, however, thick sowing is not so much of a disadvantage, as the beets can be thinned out and used as beet greens, while the onions can be treat- ed. simi Haply and used as small on- ions. e most important point is to. sow the seed at the night date. Too much emphasis cannot be placed on this, and the gardener is referred to the bulletins on this subject for it helps to make the soil more kind of simple sprayer, particularly spongy Sowing the Seed: The seed should be sown either immediately before or after rain. The 'damp soil ensures quicker germination and this gener- ally results in more vigorous plant growth. After sowing the seed the soil should be firmly pressed, to en- sure its close contact with the seed. If the weather is likely to be dry just after sowing, it is wise to cover the row with a little loose soil to form a mulch. The purpose of the mulch is to prevent the drying out of the soil. Subsequent Care and Culture: This consists of keeping the young plants free from weeds and the soil loose be- tween the rows. It also entails thinning out the young plants and keeping them free from insects and diseases. Frequent cultivai'on ie very necessary, especially when the plants are young. After every rain it is important to loosen the soil and break any surface crust which may have been formed. Harvesting the Crop: Some of the root crops have a fine flavor when harvested before they are fully ma- ture. This is especially true of beets. As a rule, however, it is wise to let most of the root crops mature. If they are left in the ground too long, the fibre is apt to become hard and stringyy Exceptions to this rule are parsnips and salsify. These crops may be left in the ground until the following spring, if desired. All roots should be harvested on a dry day and left on the ground for a few hours before they are taken into the céllar. This will prevent taking in too much of the soil which is sure to adhere to them if they are pulled during a wet penlod. Their keeping qualities are also likely to be enhanced when harvested under proper conditions. -------- -- It is when we forget ourselves that we do things that are remembered. We on the torn flelds of battle could only harden our purpose to keep on fighting until Christianity and civilization were vindicated 'and re-established. And now wé have reached our goal. The foe is van. quished. The powers of darkness are defeated.--General Currie. SEED CORN aces: fuller details about sowing. IBA L. ORARAM Windsor, Ont. "| the war gardens was misdirected and futile. was the first venture on the part of many, and mistakes were ! made; was wasted, results were 'in some instances discouraging, Now, however, the fever that mark- ed the war gardener has died out andy oo the need Jor Pesce fajiels as 3 pei. manent part of the work of recon- | struction becomes apparent. ~~ The is Jesse garion of 1919 and suc- ceeding years will be 'tackled more Systematically than the war gardens 1918. The foundation was laid last year for work that, as the years roll on, willl expand and be an ever: source of revenue, health and pleasure to everyone. The great teacher, saperioies, has given the war garderer his first les- son. But further guidance is needed] before embarking on the peace gar- ' "Father You sat up very late with George again, Doris." Doris "Yes, father; I was' ' him | some. of my picture posteards." Fa- ther "Well, Doris, whenever he up again show him some soil is referred to in the first step, and to become a skilled gardener it). is necessary to buy some simple books on this subject. However, all that it is really necessary to know in this Snestion is that soils are > ~ types=-light" soils ne. in the main, consist of sand; good. loam 'soils, which are ideal for gardening purposes; and heavy soils, which ot of clays. If the garden soil is of the loamy type, a very little: barnyard manure will en- ableNit to produce good crops and make it retentive of moisture. Should the 'garden contain a light soil, how- ever, it 'require a much larger quantity of manure in order to en- able' If So produce erops, and if # hus a tendency to be heavy, the clay oan be lightened by the addition of barn- manure. Lime is also splendid for beaty soils. "A cic thon be on mai hE tions - contains Essex County FOTO i: Nay Varieties ane ay be Som. ® EO Dani ay theses rarest and m oat erful of Beeds. A rd With tions, 10 for 16c., 4 for Bi $1. with h oye booklet, ya the Garden Dept Xa 5 Borchietar BL. w. SPRING MUSKRATS | | We pay the best price for Spring Muskrats R Practical Preparations. The practical work, covering a per- fod of from six to eight months, in- cludes: (1) soll preparation; (2) sowing the seed' or putting out the plants; (8) subsequent care and cul-|] ture; (4) harvesting the crops. Soil Preparation: The more thor- oughly the soil is worked and the deeper the seed bed, the better the crops. This is because the roots of the plants have a greater feeding area and the soil being more like a sponge, is better able to hold mois- ture. Stable manure is valuable as a fertilizer, partly because it con- 'tains plant food and partly because Send any Furk you hae. You are assured of sa treatment. ¥ informatio non Fog = | Tool ements are of the sim- i$ plest, A spade, a digging fork, .|s hoe . rake generally suffice for gardening on a small scale. In