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YTATOES FOR LATE 3 rot is the most de of potatoes and in| erop. tremendous. losses. are the factories in is manufactured, red in the tubers pro- und. Should these fac- red in any way the rily be reduced. In] late blight, loss results 'the blighting of the leaves 'consequent failure of the tub- their normal size, and by of the tubers which follows of the disease. These losses greatly reduced, if not entirely ted, by careful and thorough g with Bordeaux mixture, Ap- of this spray should be given h "the crop is being grown for "ges" or for table stock. QGareful experiments conducted over "many years' have demonstrated that the best spraying solution to use is 'honie-made- Bordeaux mixture, of the 4-440 , The most convenient 'method of making this mixture is by the use of concentrated stock solutions Sopher sulphate (bluestone) and ting them as required. These ~ solutions are prepared as follows: © {1.) Bluestone stock solution: This prepared by dissolving 40 pounds of copper sulphate ina barrel containing 0 gallons 'of water. A convenient method is to place the chemical in a sack and suspend it over night in the "barrel of water just below the surface. "A more rapid method is to crush the Bluestone crystals and dissolve it in a smaller quantity of hot water and make up to 40 gallons. Each gallon the solution will then contain one yd of bluestone. Metal vessels --mpust not be used in handling this - chemical. (2) Lime stock solution: Slake 40 pounds of fresh quick lime in a barrel by gradually adding water. Mix thor- ghly and continue to add water until he barrel contains 40 gallons. + In order to keep out dirt and pre- 'vent evaporation, the barrels contain- Ang the stock solutions should be kept "¢covered. To make up a tank of spray ready for use, transfer four gallons fn 0 the solution of bluestone into the spray tank and add 32 gallons of water. To this dilute solution add 4 ; ins of the lime stock solution. This 'be poured through a fine mesh ner to remove all solid particles, herwise clogging of the nozzles will sult. The solution in the tank "should be kept thoroughly agitated "while the lime is being added. The tank now contains 40 gallons of Bordeaux 'mixture. "If the above directions are carefully ollowed the resulting solution will usually contain the proper proportions 'of bluestone and lime, but since the m tion of lime often varies it is able to test the mixture in order foliage may not be injured excess of bluestone. A testing may be prepared by dissolv- 'half ounce of potassium ferro- in one-half pint of water. This is a poison. Sprinkle a few ps of this re-ageht onto the surface spray mixture, and, if on strik- the surface of the solution, a' dis- "brown color results more lime be added to each 40 gallons of for the control of potato spraying about the mid- and repeat every two weeks 'the season. When the small 60 gallons per acre sufficient. This amount should as the plants grow larger. ayer should be équipped with no to each row,--two side pinting slightly upward and ing downward--so that both lower surfaces of the leaves to 200 pounds. tions are necessary dur- gon, but five or even six be found preferable. Par) n should be given to | system. For this purpose i Tbe. possible to increase the nitrogen ning a content of the soil, thus obtai ; 1 cover, two-fold advantage from the In the colder part of the country, where well ripened wood pf the tree is necessary to ensure a chance of proper wintering, it is considered nec-, essary to utilize a cover crop in con- junction with the clean cultivation the crop is June 30th, allowed to grow 1, and plowed under the following spring. The cover crop will thus draw upon the-seil for mois- ture and food at a time when the tree should be ripening its wood, and will also serve as a means for holding snow, thus assisting in protecting the roots of the trees from severe con- ditions. The use of cover crops in connection with bush fruit plantations has not béen developed to any appreciable ex- tent, but with the growing scarcity of manure there seems to be no reason why a combination of fertilizers and cover crops could hot be adopted as good practice on areas where rasp- berries, currants, and gooseberries are being grown at proper distances. Such a combination offers many advantages, where cost of regularly applying ma- nure is becoming prohibitive. Following are some of the more important crops used for this purpose: Leguminous: red clover, crimson clo- ver, summer vetch, field pea; non- leguminous: buckwheat, rape. EN Ha Live Stock Market Situation. Although extreme top prices for cat- tle were rather lower at the principal markets in Canada during the month of May than in the corresponding month last year, as shown by the Do- minion Live Stock Branch reports, there was an encouraging improve- ment over the condition of affairs in the preceding month. An extract from the report reads: "Despite the com- paratively heavy weight of receipts, the quality of the butcher and export stock was of such a good charagter, and the demand for good stock so keen that the range of prices was increased by 50¢ to $1.25 per hundredweight. I the West there was a weaker tone at the close, whilst heavy cattle were in- clined to drag, but in the last,.good quality stock held reasonably steady. There was a continued strong demand for good quality stock suitable for finishing for the British market and the domestic beef trade, in view of the steady increase in the movement to seaboard. Short keep.feeders appear- ad to be very popular with eastern farmers, who paid as high as $7.76 and generally $7 per hundred." Relative to hogs, the report says that receipts and through billing show an increase to date this year of 150,000 over the same period in 1922. 'he supply was considered heavy for May, with the export bacon market showing considerable price reduction on ac: count of heavy Danish killings, and consequent difficulty in clearing. Prices on spring lambs, opened strong in May when few were offered, but as supplies increased, quotations became lower. The top at Toronto was $20 compared with $19 in May, 1922, and $17 in the immediate April. Montreal high was $18 against $20 in May, 1922, and $12.25 in April this] year, and Winnipeg top, $18.50! against $16.50 last year and $18.26 in| April. Exports of cattle, calves and sheep have been larger this year than last, From January 1 to May 31, 19,956 cat- tle were exported to Great Britain and 21,874 to the United States, compared with 8,668 and 9,865 respectively dur- ing the corresponding period last year, Export of meat this year up to the end of May was 0,888,000 lbe., against 17,760,400 during the same period last ar. Bacon and pork exports were also larger. of ? Movements of Live Stock. 'This year to date, compared with the sown about all summer and fal wo 1 f n | Nature did not intend the trunks of eed | must be available to bring them a through the winter. Up to the present time it hes been found at the Kapus: kasing Experimental Station that O.' P. V. is one of the best feeds for th purpose, although greater tonnage has been obtained from sunflowers, and at a much less cost of production. O.P.V. has its advantages over sun- flowers, as it can be sown at a much' later date, requires no intertilling, is a much more satisfactory crop to handle under field conditions, can be cut by the'binder and the blower will handle the full size sheaf from the wagon, where it can be fed to the blow- er as fast as it can be taken care of. When it is cut at the'proper stage for silage purposes it makes a very suc- culent feed and is readily eaten by stock of all kinds, When the oats are at the dough stage, and the peas | well formed, is the proper time to cut and ensile, right from the binder if possible, \ | It has been found that when shrink-| ! age takes place there is over-fermen- tation in the silo, with resultant musty 'silage. At the Station it is usual to keep a light stream of water in the blower and excellent results have al-, ways been obtained, but care must be exercised as too much water will cause injury. O. P. V. generally grows | very rank under favorable conditions, ! and smothers weeds of any kind; and early fall plowing can be carried on when the crop is removed, which is' a great advantage in the north owing to the short season in which to do the t of silage crops that mature in tim for fall plowing to be done, and O. P. V. has the advantage over both corn and sunflowers in this respect. 0. P. V. will grow to maturity in from 90 to 100 days under good grow- !ing conditions. As sunflowers and corn ! take a much longer period to fully ma- ture, the harvesting and silo work is extended into really cold and unpleas- ant weather; and where fall plowing |is as essential as it is in this region | this is a big handicap. The clay soil | is much easier to work when fall plow- ing is done, and it also means earlier seeding, which is equally essential] | where such a short growing season ob- | tains for the cereals which follow a . hoed crop. This crop can be highly! | recommended for the settlers of the! {clay belt. Where they have no silo it | can be cured as hay, makes good feed | for live stock and will bring them through the winter in good shape. is egg cont 'the yolk b2 per 'necessity of water. a cavy as winter fe tion of two parts. of wheat ] will 'keep. the fowls than when more corn is used. A sole diet of corn is injurious, for corn is heating. and too fattening. It is od ideal winter grain, but must be used with caution during the summer. | Mashes'should be made of two parts by weight wheat bran and one part each of wheat middlings, cornmeal, ground oats and meat scrap. Feeding Bp the mashes dry instead of moist is preferable, especially during the sum- ner. There are two reasons: the fowls can eat at will, and there is no danger of 'the mash souring, which would be the case with moist mash left; over. Besides, I do not think fowls will so%quickly overfatten on a dry 'mash -as they will on a wet ome, Green food is an important item in the bill of fare. Where fowls are con: fined to runs, green food, such as lawn, clippings, 'vegetable tops, weeds, cab- bages or sprouted oats, s I have noticed that at no time of the day do fowls seem to enjoy green food go well as in the morning, and it then seems to do them the most good. Milk is an excellent summer food.' No matter in what form- buttermilk,' skimmilk or sour milk--it is always relished by the fowls. Some poultry- men give milk as a drink, while others work. Every advantage must be taken | results, I believe, are obtained when from the territo o they can have it as a drink, as in that rarch to that of | way they get more of it. Even when" trapnests are not used, visits are made every two hours to the nests so the eggs may be gathered be- fore much heat has been imparted to them by the hens. Care, too, is taken that they are kept in a sweet, dry atmosphere, that they may not become contaminated by, bad odors--which eggs quickly absorb. bag standing overnight a foot away from a pound of tar-camphor balls also in a paper bag. The next day the camphor flavor was so strong in the eggs that they could not be used. Storing eggs in cellars is not ad- visable unless there is good ventilation, | for it is important that the air be pure! and free from bad odors. } ---- eee The weed that is killed before it sees daylight helps make the harvest. i ! | | Those old, old: apple trees you saw along the road in your neighber's orchard which his grandfather planted so long ago; did you ever stop and examine them? Did you notice how the southern and western sides of trunks were decayed, gnarled and of an unhealthy color, while the northern good? If the' trunks of those trees had been protected from the sun these past years they would be sound to-day. those trees to be in such a deplorable condition at the age they are. Nature caused the limbs of the trees to spread down and out so the foliage would shade that portion of the tree. Grand- father, through ity, pruned those protective limbs away so he might plow closer to the tree. Then the trunk, without any protection from the sun, felt the first stages of decay set in. The sun seared the tender bark of the'tree trunk. The sap, flowing just beneath, was checked on' its journey to the leaves. The bark began to peel, crak and check into furrows where dampness held, These damp furrows furttished a culture place for the spores of 'one or 'more kinds of fungi whieh came quickly and began to send their "roots" into' the tree to rob it of' and eastern sides 'were comparatively| Spare the Whitewash and Spoil the T Tee BY J. B. McFARLAND, sap and destroy those cells functioning as sap conveyers, These destroyed cells formed a place where a moth deposit. ed a nest of eggs. The mother moth new that when the larvae hatghed the healthy cells adjoining would furnish a continuous meal for the larvae. THE BEST PROTECTION. There are many ways: to protect the trunk and unshaded limbs of a tree. Nature does it with foliage, butiwhen grandfather cut those limbs away to facilitate cultivation Nature was de- feated. If grandfather had applied whitewash or had taken paper, corn- stalks' or an old sack and wrapped it around the trunks, those trees would now be strong, healthy and vigorous. More and more orchardists are us- | ing whitewash 'as a protection for their. trees against sunburn and insect enemies. 'Whitewash has many merits, to recommend it---its inexpensiveness, ease of application to any desired part of the tree and its value as an un- natural surface which: insects abhor. Then, too, a: whitewashed tree is cooler than one without a white cover- | ing, The sun's rays are reflected and ht whibrid as in the case of a arker surface. One. authority ways that thre is a difference of at least hould be fed. Pe, : MATT, 9:9A We 9a As Jesus pas hence, Jesus in: where he liad healed, the paralytic borne of four Brien . In the course rd this miracle he had ee oribes and Pharisees in fearless shi . From Shis Js Suwa bes lost no op v 0 Jesus wi er They. thought the sa; an SppoFEE . Saw a man, named Matthew. Seen 'men wag with Jesus more than a physical and mental ac- tion. It was a spiritual estimate, an 'unerring moral judgment. Sitling in the place of toll (Rev. Ver.). e Ro- man government did not collect taxes directly. Weal capitalists under- tool to raise the revenue from the dif- ferent provinces and districts. What- ever they raised over and above the 'sum of money that y to the Roman 3 privilege, was their own. It is easy to understand how this system put a mium on dishonesty and extortion. Fhe men employed by these capitalists to do the actual gathering of were called Publicans. All ove em gre age! taxes r . the ed and unscrupulousness of these nts. North of the Sea of Galilee .there was a great road leading from acter. Every vocation has its own at- h : i Damascus to the Mediterranean coast. mosphere, and it exercises a definite use it for mixing the mashes. Best A¢ the point where the road passed influence upon -y of Philip the tet- Herod Antipas, there was a custgms house where goods were examined and duty collected. Matthew wag probably at work here. II. MATTHEW, THE CHOSEN DISCIPLE, MATT, 9:98. V. 9b. He saith unto him, Follow me. It. was strange that Jesus should call! humble fishermen to be his disciples,-- James, John, Andrew and Simon Peter. It was stranger still that he should call one who, as a taxgatherer, | I once had a dozen eggs in a paper belonged to 'a class that the people ght thou of as belonging to the same order as "heathen, assassins, robbers." He never dealt with men by their classification, but by their individual character. It was always the indi- vidual that he "saw" as he passed by. | It was always the individual that he called. He arose, and followed. Luke says, "He forsook all, and rose up and; followed him." His reason was like, that of the Galilean fishermen,--with-! out 'question, without reserve, without delay. It is not difficult to assume 'that there had been some previous pre- aration in the heart of Matthew. atthew may have heard of Jesus. The message of Jesus was always for the outcast and the despised. As Mat- thew listened, he would hear the new note of sympathy in strange contrast to, the note of scorn in the words of the scribe and Pharisee. Baie oh III. MATTHEW, THE SRAVS MISSIONARY, V. Jesus sat at meat. Luke puts it, "Levi made him a great feast." The) home of Matthew.is opened to Jesus as well as his heart. Many publicans and ginners came. Note how "publicans" and "sinners" are used as if they de- scribed persons of the same moral standing. Sat down with him and his disciples. All the old companions of 10 degrees. Extreme heat is depress- ing to growth. Whitewash formulas and recipes are numérous, each locality having one or more considered standard because of its proved worth. It is not the object of this article to dissuade any person from using what they consider a good whitewash, There have been numer: ous objections made to the slaked lime whitewash because of its disinclination to stick for any length of time to a smooth surface and because of the labor and care needed in its pres paration. : } Of the many recipes tried for mak: ing 'a good whitewash the following has proved the best for one orchard: ist who washes more than 5,000 trees each year: Carpenter's glue--dry chip glue; 'outside while cold-water paint; lead arsenate; bluing. : To one and a half gallons of water add 'a generous handful of the glue. Put on the freand heat tusll the is dissolved; pecastonally. py y saw givin 'ward forms "osity. pire there was a bitter cry againat which aon ak a pl that "attacks. i were | God was only the mere out- ) of religion, mere ~ . What God demands is the spirit prompt all reli- rvice. ¥ v ; ©" APPLICATION, 3 1.-A Man with a Dangerous Calling. When he became a publican, Matthew threw in his lot men who were far removed from the higher influ- ences of life. He took' up a "calli Tilitdes and. wh anes an ma difficult. Vocations do affect | those who breathe it. There are callings which. exalt men and increase their self-respect. There are vooations which de; e men, and can only be followed at grave spiritual peril. "Matthew had chosen a calling which tended to dwarf the higher at- tributes of the soul and to develop a narrowing lust for money. 2. A Neglected Man. Becanse he was a publican, Matthew would be left alone gs far as religion was concerned. What possible* interest could a pub- licart\ have in religion? Like Matthew, Zacchaeus had definitely cut himself off from the patriotic and Jews 'who hated Roman domination. The publicans were given a wide berth by their fellow-countrymen. 8. A Man Waiting to be Called. When Jesus called Matthew, how quickly he responded. He had waiting for that very call. It may have been that he had often heard Jesus, as he stood shamefacedly on the out- skirts of a crowd, and the Master's words had gone right to his heart. He is ore than ready to obey when Jésus calls. ; 4. Matthew's Gratitude and Joy. Perhaps gratitude is hardly the word to express Matthew's feelings. There must have been at least an elethent of lad surprise that Christ should choose im--the man who had forfeited the right to be called a son of Israel. It was-a new. sensation. He gained his self-respect and passed over from the receipt 'of custom. Boon after, he showed his gratitude and new-found joy in e very practical manner. He prepared a feast to which were-invited many of his old friends to meet Jesus, It must have a sort of public acknowl t of his Sse! pleship: Then it sprang out of a donble sense of loyalty. He was loyal to the men whose eliing he had shared. He wan ed to put them in touch with Jesus. mSpmm------ whitewashed tree there are two insect, larvae in particular to which a white-| washed tree means nothin young lives. The baby flat-hended apple<tree borer and the similar ap- pearing oak tree girdler are the two. The orchardist who has used the whitewash formula just noted has found that the addition of lead arsen- pte has reduced the invasion of ths borers more than 90 per cent. In SEplying whitewash it is recom- mended that the mixture be spread an inch or two below the surface of the 'soil. 'This mey require the use of a 'hoe, but it will be well worth the effort] in that 'those insects hatching at this An 'experiment is reported by the Deminion Animal Husbandman to de- termine if water kept before at all times. in addition to the 1t| wheat, and if her people I in their{. the better grades of beef steers anddf the pigs lax Kill any plants sprouted and begun to grow in Qanada nust a] are to vantage of the fields thal to the Peace River Valle; a be a ra g variety, matures within ten Ag There are other qualities that a uses dry; if it is to sell at a good must mill well-and bake well; and it must produce a high yield to the acre. There have always been varieties of wheat that have one or two of those five essential qualities, but until xe- cently there was none that combined all of them. That there is one now is owing to the long and patient labor of Dr. William Saunders of Ottawa and his two sons. Beginning with a Russian wheat that will ripen in a latitude of more than sixty degrees north, they crossed it with the well-known Red Fife wheat whieh hag superior milling qualities. 'When they had got a hybrid variety that would ripen within seventy days and make excellent flour they bred into it a Calcutta wheat that is notable for: 'productiveness and for its power to resist drought. And so year after year 'they worked away, trying one com- bination after another, selecting this: and rejecting that, finding that one hopeful kind of crossbreeding would not answer and that another tried been|on the off-chance would answer very well, until at last they had produced a stable seed that would produce wheat with every des! 3 quality fdr subarctic culture wheat they call Marquis. ¥ Incidentally the Saunderses lished another variety.that they called Prelude. It will ripen in eight weeks and has been raised at Dawson within three degrees of the Arctic Circle. It may perhaps be -grown even in the lower Yukon Valley. It does not pro- duce heavily, however, and for that reason Is not worth planting where: any other variety will grow. The service of the Saunders family not only to their native country but to mankind as 'well is worthy of more recognition than. it has received. They are men who have done better than those "whom Dean Swift praised so highly--the men who make two blades of grass or two ears.of corn grow where only one grew before. Th od acres .of waving - » have caused grain to spring up where b&fore none: esti The Best Stock Pays Best. A:perusal of the market reports is- sued by the Markets Intelligence Di- viston of the Dominion Live Stock Branch makes plain the fact that none but the best really pay. Take for in- stance, the Winnipeg report for the full week in June. Here we find "the top prices of steers and not only Tbe and $1 re- 'better than for the cori eek of last year, also at" heifers were. cations. If these are 9 carelessly applied a late blight may e 3 the glue from sticking to the recep- 'same period last year, sales of live : m BUCEMES 2. X 'stock have totalled at the five prin. acts; Bet to one side allo eipm] 'markets 'as follows: cattle, 307, an if no sprayi the later sprays' the 928, copper sulphate should -40. against 268,671; calves, 115,220, against 126,408; hogs, 602,429, against 892,474; sheep, 87,726, against 100, 209. Tt will be noticed that there has [ parn 1s ~ We ATA BA a J A S Sy SEE HOW MAD, ws co