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f a ad 4 of the eT are! ground, or in storage bins in:the form on the of black, horn-like body or ergot; in 'he main fac-| the spring the ergot in +the: amount 'of [either left there all win or sown scause, is the weather! with ¢ i ihe, we June| one or several outgro with a vy | i Relatively knob-like end; these produce an abun- r often prevents the spread, dance of smaller bodies, Which in turn 'extent that no bear the spores, spoken of «above, damage Is caused. © | which are blown by. the wind and-in- The life history of this fungus pest fect the flowers opening that summer. " ofic is simple. The diseased The actual loss to the grain: ¢rop by "Sey h yeor hp on the| this disease is slight, but the serious ground "furnish the place of hiberna- j eect on. cattle eating the 'e on. On these dead leaves spore eases ; a a during wet weather in] be destroyed because of the: presence. ay and June spores are shot out of of ergot in the grass, make the dis ithese cases and carried by the wind ease 'a serious one, and: everyone to the new leaves above.. The poi should know the precautionary mea- "wet periods which cause the spores to; sures to adopt in order to get rid of it: be discharged into the air furnish the, The effect on animals is that they be- ecessary moisture conditions forthe come thin and rough haired. Further _ germination of the'spores as they ad-| symptoms are slow cireulation in the here to the new-Jeaves. Upon germ-| extremities, gangrenous sores on the, "nation the fungus enters the leaf tis<' teats or mouth, and sloughing'off of pont and at each place of infection! parts of the tail, ears or hoofs. Aber-| \ 1 dark blue spots appear in ahout|tion may also follow as an additional days. These spots turn later to|effect. > "a dark wed of reddish brown. In some] The following are the best precau- cages where infection is slight the] tionary measures to'adopt: ~ -. spots drop out leaving holes but where] 1. Fields should be examined occa-; @ large numbér of infections have oc-| sionally for the presence of ergot, and, curred the entire leaf soon turns yel-{if large quantities are found the grass low and falls. should not be used for hay or pasture, The first infection takes place at| 2. Ergot may be lessened by cut- about thé time the petals fall and per-|ting susceptible' grasses about flower-| dodic infections may continue for a|ing time, so checking the spread ot month or, more. Often it happens that| the fungus, - the leaves are yellow and falling be. | 8. Badly infested hay lands. should fore the fruit is ripe. In other years be burned over. ] the infections accumulate more slowly |---4..If seed is-found to-contain: ergot,| and the leaves drop later. "The most, it" should be immersed in a 20 per; imporbant damage caused is the weak- | cent. salt solution; the ergot floats up, ening effect on the entire tree. De. to the surface of the liquid and can foliation, especially when heavy, pre- | be skimmed off, vents the maturing of the new wood _ of the tree. This may predispose-the| Trapping. Hawks, : 'tree to winter killing the next winter.| Once a person asked what to feed Because of its comnion occurrence | their" chickens so that if the hawks] and damaging effects upon the trees got them it would kill the hawks. This | themselves, this disease should be | was a "stunner," if the slang expres- controlled in every commercial orch-! sion be allowed. I couldn't tell the ard. ~The first thing.that should be, answer. But I could tell how to trap! done is to cultivate the orchard before the hawk quite easily. I shall tell it] the blossoms are out. Care should be| again here. This method was used in| taken to cover as many of the old|a certain locality where hawks were | leaves as possible, ' In" this way the! plentiful and in six years' time over amount of infection is materially re-| four dozen hawks were captured, duced. . Spraying with either lime sul-| proving the efficiency of the plan. phur, or bordeaux, will control this| Hawks almost always alight on.a disease. Bordeaux is preferred by|dead stick or 'tree, If possible, find. many growers, The 4-4-40 formula is] such a trce where the hawks like to, strong enough and it is effective light and watch for their prey. If no against yellow leaf even at weaker dead tree iis at hand, fix the trap strengths, . Lime sulphur at the where they sit waiting if it bea live strength of 1 to 40 is effective, ~ Iron] tree. A 'pole may be 'erected in the sulphate may be added to the lime|locality where they lie in wait, leaving sulphur "at the rate of one and one-|it"a while.before the trap is arranged fourth pounds to 40 gallons. This in| 80 they get used to it. Put four nails creases its 'adhesiveness and prevents: about four inches from the top of the burning. In order to avoid the early pole or limb, which should be slightly and often very destructive infections | flattened to hold the trap. The nails it is advised that the first application' are for the strings to be fastened. Get be made just as the petals are about a muskrat trap or a, so-called, jump all off, or at least a few days later. | trap. Set it and fasten to the top Another application should be made] of pole or limb, and the next time the from two 'to three weeks later accord- | hawk alights there to watch for his ing to the amount of wet weather, A | meal you will have him by the leg. third application just after the fruit| This barely fails. No bait is needed. is picked and a-fourth, three weeks Just a trap. "Where hawks are very, later, are advised if weather condi-|bad it is a good plan to scatter four | _ tions favor infection. Sulphur dust|or five of these traps around the; 90 parts, to 10 parts arsenate of lead | buildings where hawks are known to Is as effective as the liquid sprays|lie in wait. 'and may be used. TT -- hay ay Picking the Blooms from Ergot in Grain. Plants. Ergot is very widely known because| The summer blooming annuals are! of its injurious effects upon animals| being used much for cut flowers these that are fed with grain: containing|days, and-to keep them in bloom for ergot or that graze upon badly infect: a long period and to get the finest. ed grass. The ergot is a bluish black, ' blooms, it has been found advisable to horn-like body with a white interior, | keop the flowers cut very close all the ~and in produced on infected plants of | time. If blooms are left to fade on; thé grass family in the place where] the splants, or seed to form, it will} the seed .would normally be found.|cause most of these annuals to stop . They are found easily on the head of | blooming, or at least become less free. the growing plant because they are It is a case of the move flowers you i twice or three times the size of 'the use ihe more you have to use: While "weed, . many Will Continue to bloom and bear Ergot is found principally on rye; seeds, if the seeds are not left to form also on many other grasses such as the strength that they require 3 rye grass, blue joint, Kentucky blue into making finer "blooms of what! grass, Canada blhe grass, red top,' comes after. The sweet.peas and vio- timothy, wild rice and cthers. It oc-|lets, and even the_pansies will not curs occasionally on Wheat. The ergot bloom for very long if all the seed: is produced as the result of a fungus pods are not kept from: them, Most of disease attacking the plant. Whe ---- ! until frost by picking the blooms be}: + fore they fade on the 'plants, and ify they grow straggly, cutting back some! of the flowering stems at the sa i down ;cert the/grain that spring, sends up|: tized, vary gréatly with the soil. ( grain, the losses from hay having to hungry, sandy Soil one coul oxc | the lal an act of the of that,"God had stooped down.to him {his mercy. So grace--the grace o! {saw at his tJesus an im) blasphem! n rye| the annuals carn be made to bloom Messiah, "| tho: ap, hen ion't toorp trees a deal of io keeping up the fertility «But like: many-other. good things, it- or 0 Does h is. very easy to. overdo this one and 28 a'pa get the soil of the orchard too fertile.| 4. In other: words; 'although it. is ail or d right to keep hens in theverchard, it} bi : ruit trees. tends to gont : | the heels. is a mistake tory to grow I in a hen yard. 3 i eels, - Just how many hens one may Drofit| 6. Does he ably have rer acre of orchar "will snd. toes? Or] On g light, toes: but ate. [8 er and tionship nd the. height of stho at "Those are the questions 1 wor 1 ksmith: ,T! 2% ful ei dk bout nyse ; ge use: far more -than on 'a heayvi more fertile soil. The decision should # be made, just aswe decide other types: of orchard fertilizing, by watching thé growth ofthe strees. If the leaders are' making around a; faot of growth: per_year the. hen: population: is about! Je right. If it-is more, reduce the num- With thesame ber of hens or-take them out of the in cases: of nail ; orchard altogether for a seasen, | Keptsitha animal 'standing on a, It might also be suggested that the' board: floor?= Packed : litter from a hen yard or house makes = lent orchard : fertilizer 2 used th judgment, basing one's decision in the same way on the {ype of growth dung? Used powdered bluestone. you are getting on the irees--F, C. 8.) in bruises or suppy die hd Sa To Spray or to Dust: Potatoes | Astishptie "foot Bpacia are alwa; Which? ro useless.' Theres no such disease ask theso ques dressing? ""Tubbed" a hurt hoof" in {) The high efficiency of liquid bor- deaux mixsure for the control of in- sect and fungus..enemies of potato foliage has been demon:irated in tests! so often gs to make its use general! with; potato-growers. Dusting has been used considerably, but carefully; conducted tests over a period of four] years ghow that tho practice is not | -- 80 efficient 48 the liquid form of ap- : TID plication. Where water is difficult 4] ' Fertility of Eggs. obtain, and in small fields where it is| . February, March, April, May, necessary to' use. hand apparatus! em he and Qetober are the disting in advisable. For areas larg. | mont for Jeri lity of ges er than one acre and with water and oording to the different Sel ota Sc & power.sprayer available, then spray.' 60 to 75 per cents, and sometim ter. During. the cold, wet days of November and Dpgember the fertility drops to 45 ori 5 per sent} anu- n an = | | purating corns. To bear these facts in mind, and act on them; may. save the horse from or impossible to cute, and from a life time of pain «Dr, A. 8. Alexander, - lp Sop Try cutting hot steamed brown bread or steamed pudding with a clean in string. It is much beter than using|ary it increasésiaga by. Febru a knife as it prevents the usual soggi-|ary and March weaches 75- per cent. ness on the surface of the slices, During July and August it goes down : lr pe faxtility: of he w ; is not only the fertility. o 'Whatsoover a man. soweth. hati. 'tyat dropein Bot weather, bit also shall he also reap" usually brings us the vitality of the chick he: thoughts of future punishment for| . . Loa i © Sertili by the: misdeeds we have done. Have we ever Cl od wenger sowed good deeds? They belong in the | ) lity. Cold end wet wea- "whatsoever" class, and have a ri ne] Sher 2 Worse. han Sold dry weather; to gel great peace of mind from that } 1and windy, cold weather is worse than icold and quiet. weather, The Sunday School Lesson "MAY. 24. s Saul Begins His Great Career, Acts 9: 20-31. --1 deterniined not to know anything among you, save Jesus Christ,and him crucified.--1 Cor. 2: fe © ANALYSTN. 2 V. 21, No wonder fiat the Jews of THE OLD AFFILIATION AND THE NEW. ! Damascus wets powilaeyed. Fay had INTRODUCTION--In s0° energetic a / + an nature as that of Saul of Tarsus the pot" stant nl fact of Christian "conversion imme-'was on his way to insti diately shows itself in action, and Sau] court.of procedure against Jesus' fol. becomes a preacher of Jesus Christ. {lowers in Damascus? To know that He: feels naturally a special call to he had abandoned his: plans would Golden Text they day that he tute. a high is-| dave been isi e work. Among these are moth ba go first to the Jews, for he has dis en surprising enchgh, But 3 dar. shavings, fobnoeo; thernrintors) They wondered ink on npwspapers, and insect powd covered in his own tremendous exper- | nd him prec ience the powerlessness of Judaism to! faith "Was ang make the soul right with God. What if they were in their wi § senses. was his distinctive 'message to his} V. 22: Nevertheless, Saul former associates in Judaism? We, and made hi To iiphite of Sis shall 'understand this best by" reflect-| Jewish 'scepticism. had to stan ing for a moment on the nature of , but he achieved notable success his spiritual experience, 55 dn gainst: his opponents, 1. Saul's conversion ignified above {Preaching always on .the one theme-- ace: or anideseeved that Jesus was the ( gp thought to Ve: 28-25. Eventually Jewish resent. ut, instead | Ment ripéned into a plot against Saul's life, but | Saul got mod _of it, and thou, eo city gates wele constant! watched, he contrived, by the aid: ot Some 0: rts to escape ove ng . the in mercy of God. He ha attain to God by merit, by grace, and overwhelmed him b is Sauls first theme, as af preacher. 7 i eli 2. grace of God had come to i through the crucified and risen Jesus, 0 him in an conversion, He had thought over. . Th tos, his: Messiahship a : a- fiction; |: s 4 tion ri Ppl Spirit, | 8 tha Soe word i raised and dwelling. at God's | 85. 3 é Now, he gaw right hand. Hence Saviourship of the livi Saviourship of the living:J. © 3. Before his conversion, Saul t that Jesus' death on the cr od his rejection"by God. - i-dirfy water or 'peulticed 'it with 'cow mt Frog setons as "gravel," 'd term 'applied t6 sup- many common, foot troubles, difficult i o essities, Occasionally the home. 18 ST en earriors: especially is this truo before 08 bet- | ck. or. founder? | injurious «packing - substances and 00 ; pose of 'waste quickly. I ticular pains to a of to d | damp cloths used: in 'cleaning, 'because left | My rule is to consult the druggist when these creatures : causetroub) {He can give information sabout fumi- gation, and. he carries in stock many excellent powders and poisons for use in checking these {nyasions. ~~ THE DISGUSTING. FL¥w. Flies are bred in any filth they can find." Consequently, keeping the farm clean helps to keep them rout of the house, Screens and swatters are n lordly swamped: with « these dis a rain or a cold snap. 1 frequently 'burn or sprinkle-insect powder about. This stupefies the flies, a are swept up immediately and burned. -A fpoison I. useeffectively is one table- ispooriful'vf formaldehyde added to~one and one-fourth cupfyls of cool water. This I leave out, in a flat dish all night," as files" drink early in: the morning, » 3 ye Flour beetles and weevil are found quite commonly in' flour and cereals -during the warm weather. They have an uncanny. liking for cornmeal. After one of these-ifisects gets into the house 'indoors they may harbor insect! + Bothering, | that by pouring kerosen iw | parts of. will kill bedbugs, der. «pT TR - While ants argiannoying, Mot so harmful. to health 2 (other insects. Xmsually sprinkle red | farmer j pepper on the si ielves where they are 1g It they are present inl gn celery ie great numbers 'I.burn insect powder, capture. the business gre day for a.week. Ants also dis] thousand population. ke the odor of gamphor. best people of. that city th plarl to use in the control of ants 1s {180s toi reach the two. i to destroy. "thelr 'hill. I have found 'mark. This min has soll quite difteront fro | per cent. of the land' of that territory. 2% am glad that coc { t 18 Anitiative he has capital: abundant An" most farm" comnmiinities." 'the peculia tes of his farm, They" are such "dirty insects: that one | thstead of tryfng "to competes with * hates to have them if the home; Here | mefghbors on crops unadapted to this © 1s how I fight them: The first might gol, "ox oo oa cg 1 sprinkle sodium fluoride around| In every 'community soll variations = = their haunts, the next nigh pyre: exist. (Often these make possibla_spe- = brim powder is used-in the same mln- | clal production, as in this case. It is = ner, the following evening pyrethrum for the 'highest good of .the farming powder 1s hurned, gnd the.next night. interests and of the Tonsumers of the sodium fluorides again» 'community, as weil as tothe: pip about and left in the cracks and cre- advantage of the farmer. to divert vices for several days, If. eso-lands tothe purpose for which ered lithey are best:adapted. - Thess seen after this I sprinkle powd by spealal borax about. © © {wituations require: farming 'and bush inator | wes : e in every day ninety-nine or a week tia hill will be vacated.. - it is difficult to exterminate its pro-| geny. 1 examine all flours and cereals as soon as they dre purchased and r turn the infested products at once. If the insects get a start I immediately dispose of the flour or cereal dnd thor- oughly wash the containers. The gtor-| age places I keep well ventilated, as these pests: like damp, close quarters. | Crickets seek 'houses for. warmt and:faod. As you know, quently cut h8lés-in fabrics. way to discourage them is to keep all food covered. ~~ Sk Clothes moths may. bp avoided by having the woolen garments clean {when they. are put away and storin; them in a lighty airy place. Occasion= jay during the summer I air the wooleris. Certain repellents are effec- tive if the moths -have not started to| | ils, 1 have a new: collapsible ¢ Tr in which heat of heavy: pape -away our best coats and suits uring | "he summer. For the i Zope phest one of thes {ta cedarized gon- did st es ly red 'ones. «in a home where: a: used, If this type girl who has no - , they fre-| er.