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DISCS for throat i ~ Weeks' Break-a 1 . Port Perry = aio Ontario The Peoples' Meat Market We sell everything you want in choice. clean, palatable, nutritious and satisfying meats. "If you want it good BERT MacGREGOR Will do the rest. Ring up Phone 72. ¥ Either of the above theories presents a simp Groceries, Flour, Seeds 'and Rubbers : Try a bag of our Reindeer Flour. It makes great bread. $4.75 per cwt. stock is alwa _ you need in this line you can get here. wl Our - We have a few pairs of heavy rubbers left which we are cost rather than carry them over. 'This is going to sell at . ~ your opportunity Our stock of Clover and Field Seeds are all in now. If you RY early you will be sure of gettng what you want. It 4 COS! you any more and it may save you money. ~ J. F. McCLINTOCK PORT PERRY, GNT. : a complete. Almost anything WE SERVE TO PLEASE . Try our Bread, Buns, and -§ Confectionery, and you GERROW & SONS . So lectic ; Port Per being in any ht at have ascribed it to us Brown and their associates in the oric conferences of 1864. or else we Macdonald, Ei ple 'explanation of what was undoubtedly a highly complex event and, of course, simple explanations of complicated matters are always welcomed. But history, to those who seek to know more than its mere surface, is not often capable of such simple explanations; indeed the farther one pursues what appears to be a fairly simple fact in history the more complex do its ramifications become. it was with the great fact in Canadian history of Confederation. Many factors contributed to its realization. Some of these were domestic in character, others were international. There was the current of nationalism of the period that brought into being a modern Italy and | a modern Germany in the same decade in which the Dominion of Canada was born. There was in Canada itself a sense of "destiny" with regard to the great north-west, at that time in the control of the Hudson's Bay Company. - There was the apparent disaster to Canadian trade in the de- termination of the United States to abrogate the reciprocity treaty which since 1854 had been one of the sources of Canadian prosperity. ¥ was, in the political arena of the united proyinces of Upper and Lower Canada that condition of stalemate between the political parties which, in Goldwin Smith's opinion, was one of the chief of all factors in bringing about federation. And all about was the threat of possible trouble with the United States when the Civil War should end, or even before that struggle had concluded. Canada was, during the period from the War 1 of 1812 to the Civil War, curiously affected by the domestic struggle of the United States. It ma, sound rather extravagent to say that the Sout and the Slavery interests were in a sense guard- jans of Canadian independence in this period, but such is the fact. In the first sixty years of the nineteenth century, during which Napoleon's {needs in 18038 and "manifest destiny" in the forties had increased the size of the republic enormously, and extended its western.boundary from the Mississippi to the Pacific, the Canadian provinces to the north were never seriously inter- fered with. . At any time before 1860 a war with England might have placed the future of her possessions in*North America in jeopardy but no such war ever came, though there were frequent disputes between Washington and London. What were the restraining influences? Quite clearly, one such influence was the South which, while keen for additional territory for its own purposes, had no desire to see any addition of territory t the north. Texas was annexed, California and the Mexican cession were by-products of the Mexican war, Florida was acquired from Spain and the territory of Oregon by negotiation ceased to be a matter of dispute with Great Britan, but there was no actual aggression towards Canada. 1t preserved its territory and its rights inviolate throughout the whole period. The south had al-~ Bl ways dreaded the possibility of any annexation | of Canadian territory for if the British provinces Bl were brought into the Union they would do so as | free states and would add to the Northern ma- #1 jorities in Congress. | over, as well as their general interest in free trade | which made the So #| with Canada in 1854. It was this feeling 'more- favorable to reciprocity But after 1860, with the United States divided | and at war, the situation was entirely changed. #1 No longer was there #1 upon a possible expansion to the north. . 8) over, #1 from the restraint of the South ed the io as the cotton states remov emselves the Union and organized the Confederacy there must have been many in the North who felt that it was well that they were gone, and who, scanning the map, saw in those provinces to the North an extent of territory, free by nature and sentiment, which, would more than compensate for the loss of the Confederacy. entirely impracti | but 8 'way, with years oi grea ( ng bitterness towards Eng- ring C took on more cident in 1862 aroused Can- as at hand, a war in which at stake, and the fear then 'never quieted. oi cident. Co aderate agents 'agents of Jeffers re avis were ! niversity of Western Ontario. * ; openly threatened retribution when in Canada were tuation in which they were involved. It was not easy in any case to keep free from the influences of so gig: ties t es civil Canada and the South had been disposed of. The polities] leaders of he gay not blind to the international war, being fought out so nearby and ha that bitterness of feeling which war. Though thousands of "much federate agents' plots from Toronto to Montreal. As early as 1861 we find Thomas D'Arcy McGee ~ one of the Canadian political leaders of the day, discussing the menace to Canada, and saying: "As a free people, with absolute domestic self-government, with local liberties, bound up in an Imperial union, governed by our own majority constitutionally ascertained, we are as deeply interested in the issue of the present - unhappy contest as -any of the States of the United States; while as a North American peo- ple, Canadians are more immediately and inti- mately concerned in the issue than any other population." Then he added: "I do not believe that it is our destiny to be engulfed into a Republic union. ...it seems to me that we have theatre enough under our feet to act another and a worthier part; we can hardly join the Americans on our own terms, and we never ought to join them on theirs." How closely the events of the federation move- ment in Canada parallel the Civil War is of inter- est. In September 1864 there was a gathering at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, of re- presentatives of the Maritime Provinces to dis- cuss union. A number of the political leaders from Upper and Lower Canada attended as observers but so opportune did the gathering ap- pear in the light of their own needs and exper- jences that a second gathering representing all the Canadian Provinces was held at Quebec a S were fighting in the Northern armies this did not have bearing upon Northern opinion of the Con- DD ate 2D Year after year it was kindness and loving attention. a joint account, all money withdrawn by the other. saving account in the Standard Miss E. YW. Gamble Port Perry has lost a most efficient servant in the passing of Miss E. V. morning, March 16th, 1927. Her death came as a sudden blow, for she was teaching last Friday, and today her life is ended. For twenty-three years she has taught in our Public School, and the children loved her--be- cause she loved the children. Gamble, on Wednesday the same story of daily Her duties were month later and out of this Quebec meeting came the definite plan of federation. In the United States in those two months Grant had Lee locked up in Richmond and Petersburg, Sherman had entered Atlanta and Sheridan had swept through the Shenandoah Valley. Triumph for the North was plainly to be but a matter of months. In the record of the movement for Canadian federation there is evidence of haste. The Quebec conference, meeting behind closed doors, was in session but eighteen days. The resolutions there adopted were brought before the provincial par- liaments as soon as possible, early in February in the Canadas, and there passed within five weeks. Then, without reference to the people they were laid before the Imperial Parliament, and the home government gave ready approval to the idea of confederation. On March 29th, 1867 Royal assent was given to the "British North America Act", which is the foundation of the Canadan Dominion and a proclamation was 1ssued at Windsor Castle by Queen Victoria appointing the first of July as the date upon which the Act should come into force. That is why the first of July is regarded by the Canadian people as their national birthday. The Civil War ended while Confederation was under way. Canadians were not less interested than Americans in the news that came in April of 1865 that Lee had surrended Grant. Not less shocked were they a few days later by the tragedy of Lincoln's death. From end to end of Canada there was a feeling of horror at the deed and a wave of sympathy for the loss to country. Everywhere throughout the Canadian provinces the sorrow over Lincoln's death was made manifest. Scores, of municipalities passed resolutions of sympathy as did also the provincial governments. In every city and in many of the towns and villages memorial services were held and a genuine sympathy was shown that did not pass unnoticed in the United States, either by press or people. The New York Herald, which had led in the attack upon Canada, expressed its surprise at this expression of brotherly feeling and admitted that it had been mistaken in its idea of Canadian sentiment. stressing the incident it may be claimed that Can- ada's sympathy with the Unitetd States in its hour of sorrow did much to heal the wounds that war had opened. The Civil War was one factor in bringing about the British provinces. It would be futile to say that it was the greatest or the least of the factors operating. But it is a factor] that has been little understood in Canada because we know so little of the history of the United States and fail to see how frequently we have been profoundly influenced in our own concerns by thé domestic affairs of the republic to the south. "Canadian history loses much of its inter- est and vitality when it is, as is so often the case, viewed as contained within a tight compartment, without either the movements on this pa where throughout the "world. s circumscribing of tin H but there is . rs since the feders-| Ni. Raines, of Vancouver, John Raines| placed us in a - chigan, Edward Raines, i te placed a] a of Tor -not merely those of imparting knowledge, but were a giving of one's best self for the good of her pupils; and this was evidenced in many little details--a bright smile, a kind word, a help over little rough places, sympathy for the sick and unfortunate, and all with a firmness of rule that secured respect. Not a child in town, but felt they had lost a friend when they found that Miss Gamble was dead, and the tears came as they began to realize Without unduly Fer fret g } Canadian id boro, Ella Maud Carnochan, of Reach, 8 been one reaso general and Fred on the farm. One daughter, ) ity with students. That would be & bad "0 0) oars ago at the age ) 4 worse result, s torted and false view of Can- what had happened. Our people owe much character -has been an to Miss Gamble for her inspiration--and every student who has had the pleasure of her tuition, will gladly echo those hopeful words: "Say not "good-night" But on some brighter shore Bid me "good-morning." THE LATE JOSEPH RAINES Port Perry lost a highly esteemed citizen when Mr, Joseph Raines died at his home on March 6th, 1927. He was a kindly man, a good neighbor, and one whose early industry had done a good share toward making this a better country in which to live. Joseph Raines was the oldest son of nine boys and four girls of Francis and Elizabeth Raines, and was born in Whitby Township in 1846, He came with his parents to Reach Township in 1854 and settled on the 7th com- cession. He joined the Militia when 19 years of age under Capt. Billings and Major Forman, belonging to No. 8 Company of the 34th Battalion; and served in the Fenian Raid of 1866. On the 26th of March, 1868 he mar- ried Sarah J. Lund, second daughter of the late* Richard and Elizabeth Lund. He then went farming for himself on the 8th concession on what was know as the Purdy Farm. He lived there 7 years and then went to Western Ontario for 2 years in Bel- more. Algoma, returning to Reach and bought his father's farm where he lived until he moved to Port Perry. He is survived by his four children, | Richard of Pefferlaw, Frank of Peter- of 16 years. He also leaves his widow, five brother and three sister, Frank G eor ge : x of He then spent nine years in} THEY TELL THE TIME BY "STOUFFVILLE WATCHES" In spite of their best efforts to the contrary Uxbridge Hockey team was defeated by Port Perry at the Stouff- ville Hockey Tournament, on Friday night of last week. The players should have been equipped with bathing suits for there was plenty of water on the ice and the going was heavy. But there was plenty of vim put into the game for Uxbridge had lost the cup to Port Perry, and they did not wish to lose the watches, too. Uxbridge made the first score and Port Perry tied them, so that at the end of the twenty minutes the score was 1-1. In the next period Uxbridge scored ther goal, and Port stood as they were, so that the was 2-1 in favour of U: in the last period the boys tide and the game ended with a score of 8-2 in favour of Port Perry. 'while Walters and Moore were ably struggle to maintain Uxbridge su- premacy. double victory over Uxbridge. ~The silver cup won by Port Perry Hockey team is on view in Beare Bros. Garage window. --W TOWN COUNCIL On Saturday, February 12th, the Couneil met, Messrs Campbell, Wil- liams, Jackson and Somerville, being present. : i A by-law was: passed raising assisted by Houck and Lott in their