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wg 0 AL nil rn A TALE. OF ADVENTURE FROM THE STARK NORTH Bn A ot os in the 'Subrdetic While Blizzards Rage, a Party Airplane Prospectors Send by Radio a Vivid Account of Hazards and Tragedy The interest taken in the United States in connection with the i From Baker Lake the planes carried of our great Northland is exemplified "in the following article appearing in the New York Times. We reproduce + it as an unvarnished tale rf the stark realities that. go hand-in-hand. with ..the search for mineral wealth. Prospecting by airplane for minerals in the frozen North country of Cans ada, Arthur Lowe, now in charge of "tHe ' expedition, gives for +time a connected account of the tragic «+ adventures 'and trials which winter : forced on-the prospectors when their schooner struck a shoal and a plane - had crashed into a lake, tmstallation salvaged from the schoon- er enabled Mr. Lowe to communicate * his dramatic story direct to The New - York Times radio station. 'By ARTHUR LOWE Baker Lake, N.W.T. * Wireless to The New York Times, According to explorers who have ! 'travéled the Canadian Arctic, it if a land of rich 'promise. It may be, but . after 'living for weeks in an igloo, a scant 100 miles from the Arctic Circle, + I have formed the opinion that it is also an inhospitable and forlorn land, a land of blizzaids, with drifting Snow as impenetrable as a London fog, and of 'cold so intense that it * blisters like boiling water. For us, too, it has been a land of tragedy. In the past year there has been a determined effort to crack open the North. and to discover those rich min- eral deposits, stories of which have been current since the days of Fron- tenac. But the business of discovery ig proving - difficult. ~/Phe-writer is attached to the Northern Aerial Min- erals - Expedition, which is attacking tha North by plane, canoe and schoon- . er--and . victory, so far, is with the North, 'The schooner was wrecked in, an unchafied channel; one of the planes ""eaked 'with fice crashed as the pilot "atterifted to take off from the troubled waters of Hudson Bay; two prospectors were lost in a September blizzard, .one never to return, 'the other crippled for life, Together with ot others I was marooned for nearly a month in the barrens without fuel "and with only a limited supply of food. Prospectors Moved By Plane ' But in" spite of difficulties, various '# caches have been éstablished fn the Arctic and Sub-Arctic;" invaluable «data have been obtained; 'and those .»0f us. wintering here are confident _ that this year the North will surren- "der _apd reveal .some of its long- guarded, secrets. ! Our txpodition was sponsored by "HSE. Hammell, a Canadien mine op- erdtor, wht¥ won' both fame and for- tune breaking new trails, A fishing « Schoener, the Patrick and 'Michael, was bought and equipped: for service. The expgdition.was placed under the . command. of Colonel J, E, Leckie, sol- ' dier and explorer; ejghteen prospec- "ors" were embarked, and in July we * galled from St. John, N.B, for the Sub- "sAretic, - + Fhe' "prospectors were landed in pairs at ivarious "points on' the east ~ coast of Hudsen. Bay. Bach party & Bot a canoe and the necessary food and 'equipment to last three months, ay headquarters y'.8_ established at Richmond Gult and from this base a six-passehger seaplane operated. The + plane, 'with a maximum cruising range of 1,000 miles, was employed in mov ing the prospectors fror: one area to . « -@nother, so that little time was wasted in a country where the geological for- matign was considered unfavorable. While we. were establishing: our caches on the eastern coast of Hud- son 'Bay 'there was activity in the "West, for it 18 in thé West our hopes + are 'centred. Two airplanes, carry- +-ing- five passengers' with food and + «equipment; deft La Pas in "Northern Manitoba-for-one of the longest Sub- ». Arctic. flights. ever. made. The planes headed, , geross country to. Churchill, . from there they flew north, along the coast of Hudson Bay to Chesterfield Inlet and then across the barren "lands to Baker Lake--r total flight * of'nearly "1,500 miles over unexplored * tetritory. For the greater part of tthe flight - the' compasses carried in . + the planes' could not bo used owing of the tic pole, ve 4a.the.1 crn POP. the first | Wireless | the pr tors to areas in the North reported to be rich in minerals. Those of us on the Patrick and Michael, the base ship, made slow progress, For five days we were aground on a shoal in Hudson Bay, a gale which lasted three days blew us 100 miles off our course, ice fields slowed up our progress, and it w not until September that we finally reached the mouth of Chesterfield Inlet. At that point I left the ship and proceeded by plane to Baker Lake to take charge of operations in that area. In the early days of September we flew hundreds of miles, placing pros- pectors, taking them provisions or moving them to new and more favor- able areas. Toward the middle. of the month concern developed at the non-arrival of the schooner,.and ac- cordingly a fifght was made eastward We found it hard and oal at the entrance to precarious (afi minent danger of slipping into deep water and sinking. Below us we could geo the crew at work on rafts trying to salvage the cargo, and away on the shore 'an untidy dump consisting of gasoline druras, packing ' cases and lumber. Ship Piled on a Rock It seemed that the vessel had been proceeding 'slowly through the chan- nel when it touched a shoal. In an effort to clear it the captain ordered full speed ahead and the ship piled up onto the rock. Too late, sound- ings were taken. Fortunately there was a deserted shack about two miles from the scene of the Wreck which had been erected years previously by the mounted police. In this shack the crew found tewporary quarters. But it became obvious that unless they could be evacuated quickly many would perish during the winter, for the schooner could not be salvaged and the men were not provided with winter clothing. Finally a whale boat was outfitted for the 150-mile journey to the fur trading post at Chesterfield, and. the the crew left in this under the com- mand of William Robertson, the mate. September proved a tragic month for the prospectors. Snow fell heay- ily and 'was accompanied by biting winds from the northwest. It became imperative that the men should be brought in with all speed, and since the wreck of the schooner prevented us from building a headquarters, they should be taken out to civilization without delay. Search for Lost Gold Hunters A wind started from the northwest and blew steadily for a week, some- times with a velocity of eighty miles an hour. It was 'accompanied by snow flurries and driving mist which made any attempt at flying suicidal. During the week the small lakes froze oyer and we were faced with the knowledge that unless we could get the men in" before the larger lakes ' froze it would be months beforé help cold 'be sent to them, as our planes could not -be fitted with skis, The prospectors were scattered hundreds of miles apart across the barrens with food and fuel sufficient for only a few weeks at best--and the mercury was already flirting with "zero. On the seventh day of the gale the situation looked desperate and we decided to wait no longer. We took off from the lake and headed north, flying dangerously low. . Our first con- cern was to pick up J. Rutherford and T. Cowans, two veterans of the Porcu- pine, because we knew their supplies must be getting low. With difficulty we located their tent pitched on the shores of a large lake, and succeeded in landing near it. The tent was drifted high with snow; there were no signs of life, no sound except the whistle of the wind through the struts of the plane, I crawled along an ice- covered pontoon, waded ashore, push- ed aside the frozen flap of the teat and crawled inside. There was a note nailed to a box: "Walking back; grub giving out" We flew on to the next camp. The prospectors there were more fortun- ate, having shot a caribou on the day before our coming. But they had run desperately short of fuel and their tent pole had been whittled down until his men with a two-horse team a load of coal from the railroad a ten miles distant. During the return trip the sun darkened, the north wind quickened until it stung the face, and hard, needle-like particles of snow be- gan to hiss against the clothing of the men. By the time they were three miles from home the storm had in- crased to a blinding blizzard that shut _|out completely the world in which they lived. Desperately the men struggled to unhitch the horses from the heavily loaded wagon and set out on foot leading the faithful animals behind them. Thirty minutes later, similar with the exception that CX-301A is much more efficient a has a higher amplification factor. The plate voltages and grid bias voltages required for both types of tubes are practically the same so that from the standpoint they can be used inter- changeably in circuits Jesigned for - either 'of the tubes. When the CX- NIA is substitute for the €-301 tube tralized eircuit 3 alter making a complete circle, they en values must be Tend. saw the abandoned wagon loom up be- WHAT, SNOW IN AFRICA? CANADA IS CHALLENGED It is not general knowledge the Arabs in Africa have a ski club, but they have, and this Arab is a club member of Shrea, near the Atlas mountains. However, the main point of differ ence lies in the filament character« istics, Whereas the C-301 tubw caused a current drain of one amporv at fiva fore them. They tried again and again returned to the wagon.( A third time they tried and a third time re- turned to the wagon. The situation was indeed desperate. it was no thicker than a cane, were surprised to see us, "Didn't think they could make it in the weather," they said. We succeeded in reaching all pros- pectors in the field except Rutherford and Cowans. Day after day we searched for them from the air, but without success. -- They 'seemed to have disappeared completsly into the silent snow-covered hills, William Storr, an experiment prospector, and two Eskimos were taken to the desert- ed camp by plane, and they started to back-track the missing men, It was not long before they discovered the tragedy which had overtaken the two prospectors. There came a place where the tracks of only one man were left to follow. A Tragedy of the Trail But it was unnecessary for Storr to continue his quest, because after being seven days on the trail with neither food nor covering, Cowans staggered into camp. He managed to tell us that Rutherford had died of exposure four days previously, and then he collapsed. An idea of his desperate struggle for life can be obtained from his diary, which he gave me after- ward and from which I quote ex- cerpts: "Sept. 22. Pulled out after day- light. * Joe left Webley revolver be- hind two boulders. Have not had glimpse of sun since we left three They BIZARRE NEW ENSEMBLE A striking beach ensemble of robe, beach pyjamas and bandana to match, in which Mrs. Howard Street of Phila: dalphia recently appeared at Palm Beach, Florida.' days ago and compass no use. cided to leave rifie behind. "Sept. 23. Have to slide down creek-beds. Nobody saying much. Traveled maybe five mi'es, but going hard, owing to ®oft smow. Very stormy and cold, nearly unbearable. "Sept. 244 Started out across mus- keg, snow on top, water underneath. Made about - 600 yards, winds and storm made it too hard to travel Dropped down 'behind rock. = Looked back and could not see Joe. Went back and found him lying on his side. Shook him, but he was dead. Heard plane, but could not see it, owing to De- storm--." Cowan's condition was desperate when he arrived, and it is amazing that he should have traveled those last few miles. The mukluks (seal- skin boots) were cut from his black- ened feet and first aid was rendered, but we knew that the only chance of saving his life was to rush him to a hospital--1,500 miles away. Captain Mat Berry, pilot of our plane, undertook to take him south at once. The machine took off from Baker Lake in zero weather; the pontoons and wings were thick with ice, and icicles festooned the struts, But in spite of difficulties greater than those which attend a transatlan- tic flight Berry succeeded in flying his plane to Churchill Harbor he refueled. He attempted to take off without de- lay, but there was a heavy sea running and this, combined with the tremnd- ous strain the plane had already un- dergone, brought disaster. Amphibian Plane Sinks The pontoons of the machine col lapsed as it was lifting from the water, The few watchers on shore saw the plane tilt forward, right itself and then begin to founder. A boat suc- ceeded in reaching the wreck and in saving the passengers, but by such a narrow margin that the plane sank before even a small bag of mail could be saved. A ireless message was sent to La Pas. A second plane was rushed in at once, and a few hours later Cowans was in the hispital. During Berry's trip south we were having our difficulties in the north. It was essential that our wireless equip- ment should be salvaged from the schooner, and . to effect this S. C. Cusack, the operator, J. D. Donovan and the writer remained near the wreck. The work was accomplished and the greater.part of the equip- ment moved to our base, when the lake partially froze over. Our only means of communication had been by boat--and the boat was frozen solid in a foot of ice. Meantime we "Were practically with- out fuel, water or food, and temper- atures were running as low as twenty below zero. But for once we had a lucky break. After three weeks of chilly waiting a strong wind blew up from the east. The ice was carried out into the lake and our boat was freed. We succeeded iii finding chan- nels between the fioe ice to the open lake and thence to our base. Back at the base it was not long volts, the CX-301A tube eases a cur. The storm showed no sign of les- rent drain of .25 amperes at five volts, sening, and deep concern was written . on the face of the three men. Sud: his nea I the value of cf the ser. i or fixed denly one of the men spoke: "See : , in the filament eireuit required to To hers, I don't know the way home, but duce the six volts supplied by the stor- o know horsés. We: have been age battery to the five volts 3 trying 10 lead the horses 'home, I by the tube filament will be different. suggest that we let them lead us For the C-801 tube the resi of home." stance Eo he rer are te sna al IETS BE LE free rein' and the three men tramped| vie ircEit WaE oils "obi: doggedly on behind. Thirty minutes rheostat was therefore used to provi = passed and this time they did mot ve a sufficient range for ol. In the® turn to the wagon. Another thirty| or ihe 301A, the vali of the re- minutes dragged py and all at omce| required © 3 a drop of the dim, ghostlike forms of vench| ov with a current of 25 ampere buildings appeared before them. Alp, py pivenit is four olms and a re- few later the horses were... = or 20 oh is ended In the stalls and three thankful med | gyipin guitable control down. below were within the warm' shelter of a five volts. Te Oe one mare ta W| NEW RHEOSYAT NEEDED eager listeners. ce more r . telligence of the hors had been do-| Betws Soplading A oa tube. ilk monstrated. = recei Sistiai es therefore, care mist be taken to re- place the old rheostat with one of a suitable size. Where more than oie tube is contralled from: a single rheo- stat or resistor, ./ course, the resist- ance reglired in the resistor is lower. Two 801A tubes for instance connect- ed in parallel and drawing together an.pere require a resistance» of 2 ohms te reduce the six volt: to fivy and for this purpose a 10-ohm rheostat will give full control. When fixed resistors are used, the value of the resistor should be as nearly as possible the correct size re- quired, four ohms for one 801A tube, two ohms for t\ » 301A tubes, ete. In ituting a 301A ube in place of a C-300 soft detecter tube, in addi- tion to changing the value of the fila- ment resistor, the grid return should be connected to the positive filament lead instead of to the negative fila- ment lead required for usg. with the C-800, or 300A. In substituting a 112A or 371A tube in place of a C-301 or 301A tube in the last audi stage ot a receiver, the Plats and grid bias voltages. should d to ded values oe maximum, resuits in addition to the filament changes necessary when substituting an "A" tube in place of a C-801 tube, CHANGES FOR POWER TUBES In substituting a 112A for a 112 only the value of the filaiaent resis- tor need be changed. The 112 draws 5b ampere at five volts and requires a fixed resistor of 2 ohms or a rheo- stat of 6 ohms while the 112A draws 26 ampere and tlLerefore requires a fixed resistor of 4 'hms or a rheostat of 20 ohms. The grid bias and plate voltage characteristics are th 8+ and the tubes can be used interchang®n." ably in that respect. i'he same changes in filament cir- cuit characteristics are required when substituting a 871A in placc of a 871 tube in storage battery or "A" elim- inator circuits. . When 112A or 371A tubes are sub- stituted in place of 112 and 371 tubes, respectively, in A. C. receivers in which the filaments of the tubes are heated from the filament windings of a power transformer, no changes are necessary since the tubes will auto- matically draw the proper amount of current from the windings before wireless comrhunication was established and we 'learned that the Hudson Bay Company had succeeded in getting a small schooner to Ches- terfield from Repulse Bay. In this schooner the - crew was taken to Churchill, from where they made their way through the bush to the end of steel. Work this winter has- been difficult. Planes were unable to come north owing to the intense cold and heavy drifts. Instead of speeding through the air at a hundred miles an hour we have plodded over the hard packed snow from igloo to glow. Accom- panied by Shev Eskimo hunter, I am vee in the course of the next few days to make my way to the end of steel--700 miles away. Vanishing Isle * First Seen Off Trinidad in 1911 Recent Rise and Disappear- ance of Volcanic Area Recalls Earlier Ex- ploration Soon Lost in Heavy Seas Emergence Accompanied by Terrific Gas Explosion Port-of-Spain, Trinidad. --The re- cent 'appearance of a volcanic' mud island off the island of €hatham and its sudden disappeacarce a few days later recall the "first night" perform- ance of this remarkable submarine volcano on Nov. 4, 1911, the mud island having ten appeared, accom- panied by terrific explosions. That emergence of the island was during the governorship of the late Sir George Le Hunte, and a party, including the Governor, tke ef Justice and other officials from Trin- idad went by steamer to explore it. Great care hag to be exercised in mak- ing a landing, as it was found that the crest of mud was very thin and treacherous. - The mud under the sur- face was still very hot. The Governor and his paity explor- ed the entire island, which was of whale-back formation. The party re- mained for more than an hour, The i-land was foirteen miles from Icicos and two miles from Chatham. Two craters were discovered on its summit near the northern extremity. The total area of the island was about three acres, and the heavy seas washed it away in the course of a few weeks. When a few weeks ago the second appearance of thic volcanic island oc- curred, parties steamed to the spot where the explosions took place, but no attempt was made to land, as the island was slowly disappearing under the pressure of the heavy seas, eeepc jr eh ire Marketing Board London Times Trade Supplement: In the early days of the Empire Mar- keting Board it was pointed out here that, however well conceived its plans might, be, ultimately its publicity campaign would have to be judged by the same standard as that applied to other advert ts -- the. 0 of success attained in "selling the goods." It is thercfore with consider- able satisfaction that we learn on the authority of the board that imports of Empire produce into this country dur- ing the last two years have broken all previous records for many _com- modities. The Board's publicity has been largely concerned. with the increase of sales of produce, and, therefore, is perfectly legitimate to regard the increase in imports as evi- dence of the success 7f its efforts. She: You =o to college, don't you? He: No. This suit looks this way, {because I slept in it las night. As soon as the diriziblos are equip- ped to carry airplanes, as is now planned by.the United States Navy, instead of "hitch your wagon to a star," it will be "check your airplane to a dirigible." rere fener The old-time slate of personally con- ducted political organizations now gives some indication of following the old-fashioned school into oblivion. When you get to Washington, it's too late to learn.--Mayor Walker. HET USE SOME OF | 1 Mour EXPERT uegnio NING, uli i ([rHeRe Ae Se RARE NOT EAT he Cus STARD PI 3 ki : _ STinky TF SIST H or] OF. CUSTAR" YET You HAVE CUSTARD | ALL OVER YOUR FACE! Nouv E PIECE z= s When CX-340 high mu tubes are | substituted 1 in place of 301A. resistance-coupled amplifiers, best re- sults can only be obtained if the values " 'plate and grid resistors are changed {to .25 meghom for the vate resistags with coupling capa 8 wii 'The plate voltages a polied to "B plus" terminals of the 1late resist- a pes shorld Je at at least 185 volts and ; Jo and the geld bist +o, MAW-w-w! ACCORDING To My