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By sh cams Eo FRGS, ie Rs eC Sone nis of a a ; 1 would like you, for a few minutes, 10 share with me a vision that has gripped the minds of some of us dur. ing the last few years, Looking ahead forty or fifty years we see Canada the home of a strong and prosperous peo- ple with twice or thrice the population it possesses to-day. Montreal, Toron- 10, Winnipeg and Vancouver are great centres of world commerce, known te every school child in Europe as weil as in America. Ottawa remains the political heart of Canada, a city un- equalled on this continent for the beauty of its surroundings -and the dignity of its public buildings, It is the pride of Canada and the admira- tion of all America, a capital city worthy of the prosperous and progres- sive nation that holds a leading place among the nations of the world, Here within this city of Ottawa, the capital of Canada, we see, amid 'other structures, a large and splendid build- ing containing inside its walls a pic: tuve in miniature of the country's wealth and natural resources. We see a National Museum of Canada, a mus- eum that houses samples of every rock and mineral, every animal, bird and fish, every seed and plant, and every variety of timber that can be found on Canadian soil or in Canadian waters from Nova Scotia to British Columbia and from the International Boundary to the Arctic islands; a sample of every object that has its home within our territory and contri- butes to its prosperity and beauty. This Natlonal Museum is a treasure- house of the national wealth, a monu- ment of our national achievements, and an educational and research insti- tution that proclaims our natural re- sources and investigates some of our mational problems. Everything that early explorers set their eyes upon is represented there--Indians clad in fur robes and armed with war-clubs or 'with bows and arrows; the buffalo, the beaver and the various bears; rare flowers form the Rocky Mountains, fine timbers from the British Columbia coast, and nuggets of gold and silver from the different provinces and mines. Here, too, is every natural ob- ject that concerns the farmer; types of soil and their special qualities, dif- ferent varieties of wheat and methods of combating their diseases, all the fruits and vegetables and the ways of controlling their insect pests. The prospector, the miner and the geolog- ist find In this museum every rock and ore that exists in the Dominion, with Sllustrations of their uses and samples of all the products we derive from them. The fisherman sees specimens of every fish, the methods of captur- ing them and of preparing them for the market. The lumberman sees his {timber in every s'age of growth, and learns how to fight the beetles that ravage his standing trees. It is a great museum illustrating the natural bis- tory of the whole of Canada, a mus. eum that ranks beside the similar museums in New York and Washing. ion, in Londen, Pris, Berlin and the capital cities of al the greatest coun- fries in Europe and America. Yet it is not a dead museum, full of dry bones, stuffed animals and rocks covered with the dust flung up by passing motor-cars, Everything with- im its walls is both attractive and in- structive. The children who crowd Ms doors from mere curiosity learn something unconsciously, the tired business man goes away réfreshed and ioformed, the critical foreigner re eeives new impressions of the great- mess of Canada and its natural wealth. There Is a special staff to answer en- + guiries, to deliver addresses on Can- ada's resources, and to send out in- Sormation to every part of the coun- ry. Manufacturers visit or write to fhe museum for ideas that they can wee in their business; ipdustrialists to Sind out our resources in coal. Cities and towns obtain help in building up ral museums in all the provinces; and schools from Halifax and Quebec 40 Vancouver borrow motion pictures shat teach our children the geography Wf Canada, its plants and animals, its Sines and its water-powers, Then ere is a research staff that studies he hiktory and the problems of the ountry, that co-operates with other government departments and with uni- versities and museums throughout the world, and that increases the fame of Canada as a home of science and of learning. This is our vislon, nd already the Dominion Government has taken the first step towards its realization. It bas established in Ottawa the foun- dations of a National Museum, given it a building large enough for the next few years, equipped It with a small but active staff, and allotted a small sum of money each year for its main- The ad of this in- stitution, the expansion of it into a great museum portraying the re- sources of the entire country and the achievements of its people, this it lays wquarely on the shoulders of the people of Canada themselves. It looks for the support and assistance of every citizen, from the leaders in the financial and commercial world to the borer on the farm and the work- man in the mill. For a National Mus- eum belongs to the entire country, and, Itke the great Museums in Lon- don and in Paris, registers the pro- gress and civilization of that country in the eyes.of other nations, So I would ask vou to share our vision, and to join with us in striving to make it a reality, in building up in Ottawa, the Capital of the Dominion, a National Museum worthy of Can- ada's renk among the nations. The First Adhesive Postage Stamp An historic postage stamp, appar- ently without a rival, was recently sold in the London auction rooms for £50, or about $250. Its special claim to distinction lies in the fact that it was the first ene-penny black of Great Britain, 184), and therefore the first adhesive stamp in the world to pass through the post. It appears that a British Treasury minute of April 22, 1840, appointed May 6 of that year as the date for the introduction of postage stamps; that on April 25 all postmasters and sub- postmasters were advised of the forth- coming issue; that almost immediate- ly afterward the dispatch of supplies to provincial post offices was begun. A supply of the epoci-making stamps was received at the post office at Bath about April 30. Apparently a local official cut the very first stamp from the corner of a sheet with the 2id of a pair of scissors and affixed it to a letter addressed to an unknown person residing in Peckham, a London suburb, A fragment only of the letter re- mains with the stamp still sticking to it, but it is sufficient to show the Bath postmark of May 2, 1840, and a red "Paid" cancellation mark of May 4 partly over the stamp itself, indicating that the stamp was not cancelled until it reached London. a a rc | A vamp used to have a wicked glint in her eye--now she has it in her hair. SRE BR rot disease is pollysyllabic. As was to have been expected, the Latin name for the new-fangled par his counterpart of 1918. transparent velvet, The evening wrap worn here by Sharon Lynn, film star, is of eggshell The formal gown is of silver lace and souffle de sole, Shall We Let Our Children Fly? The present age is the age of flying. The boys and girls of this generation are growing up with the airplane just {as those of my generation grew up with the automobile, In my young days we used to scorn the boy who | could and glibly call off the make of [ny car that passed. To-day the mod- ern counterpart of the boy who knew automobiles is fixing his eyes on the heavens and attuning his ears to the sound of an airplane engine. And with fine superiority and an air of authority before his astounded elders he casually identifies every passing plane: "There goes a Ford tri-motor; that one off to the right is a Bellanca--two of them have flown across the Atlan- tic; no, that one's a Crescent; over there's a Lockheed.' And so on glibly through a list of ships that is as long or longer than thie lexicon of the auto- mobile, Boys of my generation learned to run the automobile without fuss er feathers and, with certain limitations, the boys and girls of this age are go- ing to do the same thing with the air- plane. When I was a youngster my father bought the first automobile in the town where we lived. He had & terrible time learning to run it. He had to take I don't know how many lessons from an expert, and I don't think he ever did entirely conquer a sort of terror inspired by this strange device; the same sort of dread with which some people still regard the air- plane. Nobody ever gave me automo- | bile driving lessons--I merely "picked it up" as did thousands of other boys "--but I was soon a better driver than my father, simply because I took the automobile for granted and had no in- hibitions to overcome. The same thing is happening to the airplane, The boys of 1930, who bang around aviation fields and build model air- planes of their own, learn more quick- ly than those of us who learned to fly in wartime. I have had youngsters of 16 or less in the air with me who handled a plane as well after a few minutes' of instruction as I did at the end of two or three hours' despairing effort on the part of my instructors. Actually the student learning to fly to-day is given about ten hours of dual instruction before he is allowed to solo, but this is purely for purposes of safety and in nowise contradicts the statement that the average flying stu- dent to-day-is more proficient after a given amount of instruftion than was Of course planes are bettef now { ness." than they were in the hectic days of war training. Motors are more reli able, and planes have progresed far in performance, safety and "fool-proof- Dangerous ships are' still be- ing built, but they are already headed for the scrap heap. Fools will always be able to kill themselves flying, but the time has come when anyone with ordinary "horse sense" can fly without danger. Flying is the coming thing, and the mothers and fathers of Young Ameri- ca had just as well face the fact that their offspring are not going to be €on- tented on the ground. Unless the parents make an attempt to become air-minded themselves they are likely to be left hopelessly behind the inter- ests of their children in a few years. 1 do not mean that they should rush blindly "nto aviation or allow their children to do so. But fortunately, the government has done much to provide safeguards, Only licensed pilots, us- ing licensed planes, are permitted to give flying instruction, and very soon it will be y to have a ji insturctor's certificate in order to do teaching. In addition, flying schools are to be rated by the government and given "approved" certificates on the basis of equfpment, and the rating and experience of the "faculty." This sys- tem will'do much to eliminate schools concerned only with collecting fees from gullible students, It seems to me 'that there has been too much mystery about who can and who cannot fly. The facts are that any healthy, normal boy or girl:who can learn to skate or ride a bicycle doesn't need to. worry about his or her ability to become a fiyer. In the mili- tary services so many men want to fly that the government can be abso- lutely ruthless in choosing only the most desirable military aviators, But the man who wants to use an airplane like an automobile, merely to go some where quickly and comfortably, needs no more special physical qualifications pthan are needed to 'drive a car. He should be able to see and hear and Judge distances, but so should the man who drives a car. The Department of Commerce wise- ly vequires a physical examination for aviation students. But any person with anywhere near normal eyesight, hearing and health can get by without difficulty. In more than 1000 cases re- cently considered 85.4 per cent. quall- fled and only 14.6 per cent. failed. Probably twaosthirds of the latter act- ually could have learned to fly if the government had been willing to "take a chance," Once a man actually has learned to fly, minor defects that may develop are considered of no 'great| and the authorities "give | 65 waivers" on them. That means that many fine pilots have physical defects other separate alr Jaws of their own, and pri this goes on air traffic--by jtg very nature a means of long distance travel ~will find itself hopelessly confused, 80 far as I know, ther. are no laws anywhere rezarding the age at which children may be taken up in ain planes. The age at which a boy or girl should 4rst be allowed to try a hand at the controls of an airplane (in the event the family owns a ma- chine of its own) migkt, in general, be détermined on the same basis as the business of learning to drive the fa- mily automobile. As a matter of fact, & 'modern airplane is easier to fly and much safer, under normal conditions, oslce it is in the air, than fs a car on a crowded road. § Takeoffs and landings are a differ- ent matter and req ful instrue- the shades and 'shadows "of the dyers. art. The demand for muskrats pelts has inereased steadily for many years| «op; due to t wider distribution of wealth among the middle classes of our peo- ple, fur buyers search the from end to end,for every muskrat pelt that ean be ob |sional 'trappers have penetrated the fur bearers last retreat Im their search for more and more skins, and as + result--the fur bearing fratern- ity which once inhabited the hinter- land in such en. rmious quantities 'are 1s there ome which 'lends repre pollfin to}. d. Profes.( Re 3 Tae oe conditions Satisfactory among the natives east of kenzie delta during the past eigh 'There were no epldemies, food was plentiful, and the fur catch-was rea. sonably good. Among the Eskimos of fhe King Willawl Island 33d Boothia: slowly but surely b their surplus supply has been. ex- hausted. Only a fraction of their tion as well as a good deal of prac- tice. But the confidence which comes from having handled a plane often in the air helps greatly in learning to land and take off. In general, then, there seems to he no valid reason for believing that a boy or girl who is old enough to drive a car under supervision is not Feady to take over the controls of an air- plane under similar circumstances.-- From The Parents' Magazine, by Clar- ence D, Chamberlain, famous trans- Atlantic fiyer. . uBR YS THE PASSSING OF THE PIONEER Down the last of the trails they are bearing, In a solemn and glorious line, Through the valley of death they are - faring, With a soul unafraid and divine-- The old pioneer fathers are passing, And this think ye shall take for a sign. For with every white head that is sinking, y For with every aged heart that is dead, Ye are losing gold threads in the link- in g Of traditiona) days that are spread, The dumb epic eternally sped-- With the gift of their stern retribution Which now carpets the path that ye tread. There is never a zephyr soft-sighing, Where the primaeval forest once lay, Theer ts never a patriarch dying, But a'story is passing away-- And a glory is passing away-- Of the humble who founded a nation In the travail and stress of the day. --Cameron Kester. The Artist--"One who is sincerely devoted to 'music must not' Jove money." Miss Sweet--"1 infer that from the scale ¢ of prices for every big perform- ance," pe SA Tests made by efficiency experts show' that the best temperature "for Teal hard work indoors' 'ls between and 70 degrees. Er--and is there any known standard for, say, Just medium hard work? remain, and these are scarce- | presentation of their tribe, and unless some drastic action is immediately taken to "protect and propagate our fur bearers Canada's premier position as the choice fur producing portion of the British Empire will be a thing of the past, and furriers will find it necessary to look to other countries for inferior guality fur to .upply our needs. Fur Production With these facts before us--it is little wonder that there should be an effort made to propagate the muskrat in donfined territory where favorable mugkrat conditions prevail. The in- crease in muskrat fur farms in Can- ada during the past decade is illust- rated in Federal Government reports and clearly indicates the evident in- terest taken in all parts of Canada to increase the surply of urs » dom- estication, . Number of Muskrat Farms A vigorous attempt is being made at the present time to' promote musk- sat fur farming in the Province of Ontario, and there is © indication | that ranch raised musKrat furs will become an important factuy-in the fur. trade when these institutions have finally got under way. Large and} small tracts of fertile muskrat marsh territory have been secured in all parts of the province. Woven 'wire muskrat fabric fences which cost up wards to three thousand dollars per mile have been erected. Water con: trol, systems of various types have, secure a perminent water supply which is an important factor, De- pleted areas have been re-stocked with breeders, and there is every indica] tion that ranch raised muskrat furs will shortly become an Important unit in the fur trade of Canada--providing the muskrat proyes true to form and sustains his ancestral traits which in the past has borne such a magnificent record ~f achievement. Intelligent managemen: and consis- tant application of modern fur farm- ing principles are deciding factors and necessary requirements tor the suc- 1 and t and operation of the fur "farm. It ani mal proof fences have been properly constructed, water levels comsistent- ly and systematically maintained, and food supplies are avaiable there is lit- tle doubt but that the muskrat, if given a fair chance; will meet expect- ations and handsomely reward those who have placed their confidence in his ability to reproduce his kind, true to type, on a commercial basis. PEAR SESS, Conceit Bit a man may have a good conceit of himself without being what the world calls conceited. Modesty con- sists not-in taking.a low estimate of one's own worth, but in refrdining from the expectation that the world wil take a high one.~Jan Hay. ly able to maintain a reasonable re-| in most instances been established to |. la areas there was a striking 'evidence of the trend "towards the: | adoption of the white man's mode of' living. Heretofore the natives of this. part of Canada's Arctic coast were very much isolated and were conse quently not so far advanced as the Eskimos of the Mackenzie delta. How-- ever the establishment of 'wireless: stations by the Hudson's Bay Com- pany at Cambridge Bay, Victoria Is- land, and Gjoa Harbour, King Willlam' Island, the maint of a reg supply service along this part of the: coast, and activity in mineral explora: tion have left their mark in the chang- ing life and cistoms of the natives. Major Burwash left Ottawa in June,. 1928, en route to Aklavik at the mouth of the Mackenzie river, from which Doiit he-began his work in the.North. ied by an t, he sail - from Aklavik in the Department's. torty-foot power schooner, Ptagmigan, on August 3, 1928. The expedition touched at lie, Horton River,. Pearce Point, Inman River, Bernard Horbour, and later at Cambridge Bay, Victoria Island. Ice conditions greatly retarded' progress in Queen Maude gulf and the 300-mile voyage along its' soutliern shore required 22 days. 'Winter quarters were established at. ber 1 to the northeast to Oscar Bay, a: distance of about 10 miles, where the Hudson's Bay Company's steamer, Fort James, was was wintering, Igloos were built and food cached along the: Toute 50 as to keep open the line of communication with the ship which, return wetstward and make an exam- ; of the mi of the Coppermine River and BatHurst Inlet region. j In order to make an early start it was necessary to leave the n, which was still frozen in, and proceed by dog team. A beginning was made on the long trip to Bathurst inlet on May 17. This journey, because of snow-blindness among the members of the party, great scarcity of dogs, ani- accidents by the way, was a most ard- uous one and Wilmot Island at the mouth of the inlet was not reached until June 16, An interestimg event on the trip was the meeting with two Eskimos carrying to King William is- land the winter mail which contained letters for Major Burwash which left Otthwa the preceding November. From Wilmot island, notwithstanding the unfavorable travelling conditions, an examination was made of the min- eralized areas around inlet. Very promising deposits of copper in places were noted during this survey. Toward the end of July a schooner reached Wilmot island and Major Bur- wash went to the Coppermine River area, Where three weeks were spent in months according te Major Burwash :